Naphezu kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, abalimi abaningi basalokhu bebeletha amahhashi ngezidingo zezolimo noma ukuzingela. Ihhashi, njenganoma isiphi esinye isilwane, sidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele kubanikazi, ngakho-ke namhlanje sizoxoxa ngendlela yokunakekelwa kahle kwamahhashi futhi sixoxe ngokuqaphela okuhlukahlukene okuzokusiza ukuba uhambe ngesimo esinzima.
Ukulungiswa kwehhashi efanele
Izimo zokugcina amahhashi esitebeleni akuyona into yokugcina lapho impilo yehhashi nokusebenza kwayo incike khona. Ukuqala, sizoxoxa ngemigomo yegumbi, bese sizokutshela mayelana nokudla kwamahhashi.
Ukuzinza kwamahhashi
Kukhona 3 izinhlelo zokugcina amahhashi: stall, esitolo noma eqenjini.
Umbhede wehhashi (igumbi elihlukile) weza kithi evela eU.SA, lapho amahhashi asetshenziselwa ukugcina khona ngaleyo ndlela. Insimu yezinja kulula ukuyihlanza futhi ivame kakhulu. Amahhashi azizwa ekhululekile, ngoba angashintsha isikhundla. Kodwa-ke, ngesakhiwo esingalungile, isilwane singase sihlukaniswe (akukho imigoqo noma amafasitela phakathi kwama-stalls). Kulokhu, ihhashi lizobonisa ukunganakwa noma ukuhlukunyezwa, ukwenqaba ukudla nokuphuza.
Isitayela kuyindlela engabizi, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuhlanza igumbi elinomthamo wokuqukethwe. Inzuzo eyingqayizivele ukuthi izilwane ngeke zizizwe zodwa, nge-system enjalo, isikhala samahhala kanye nezindleko zigcinwa.
Ukugcina iqembu kusetshenziselwa amahhashi asebenzayo aneminyaka efanayo. Esigabeni esisodwa kuqoqwe amahhashi angu-20 kuya ku-100, angahamba ngokukhululekile ngaphakathi kwengxenye egciniwe yekamelo. Le ndlela ilungele ukugcinwa kwenani elikhulu lamahhashi wexabiso eliphansi.
Ihholo lesidlelo liyinkimbinkimbi ngokumangalisayo ukususa emanzini nezinsalela zokudla, ngakho lolu hlobo lokuqukethwe alukwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi lungcono. Inzuzo kuphela ekamelweni elinjalo inkululeko eyingxenye yezilwane: ingahamba ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, ithuthukise izitho futhi idlale.
Ngokuphathelene nokugcinwa kwamahhashi ebusika, ukhetho oluhle luyoba nje i-stash, ngoba linesikhala esanele futhi kulula ukuyihlanza. Ebusika, akunakwenzeka ukungena egumbini, ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka isifo se-bacteria noma segciwane, izingxenye ezengeziwe phakathi kwezigaba ngeke zivumele ukuthi ukutheleleka kusakaze ngaphezu kwe "igumbi".
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezinhlobo zamahhashi: i-Arabhu, i-Akhal-teke, iloli elindayo leVladimir.
Manje ngobukhulu bezinzile. Ukuphakama kwe-plailing akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-3 m. Ukuphakama okuphezulu, kungcono ukuphuma umoya, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi ugwadule ube nokuphakama kuka-3.2-3.5 m. Uma wakhe isiteji, ihhashi ngalinye kufanele libe okungenani 3.5 4 m².
Ukukhanyisa Emini esitebeleni kufanele kube lula, okuhlinzekwa ukuba khona kwenani elanele lamafasitela. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga akuthinti amehlo kuphela, kodwa futhi nesimo jikelele sesilwane.
Ukuphumula. Okudingekayo kunoma yikuphi ukuzinza ukuphumula okuhle ngaphandle kwemidwebo. Ngokuvamile, amafasitela akhiwe ngokuphuza umoya ngaphansi kophahla noma phezulu eminyango esitelele.
UPaul uhlala. Kuncike ekutholakaleni kwezinto zokwakha, phansi kungaba yokhuni, udaka noma ukhonkolo. Kuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhonkri, lapho ungakwazi kalula ukudweba imifudlana ukuze ukhiphe ubude nobubanzi obufunayo.
Manje uyazi lapho amahhashi agcinwa khona., futhi yiziphi izimo okufanele zigcinwe ukuze izilwane zizizwe zikhululekile.
Uyazi? Ngo-1993, kwakukhona izinhlobo zamahhashi ezingu-427 emhlabeni jikelele, owawusungu-USSR owayengumuntu oyisikhombisa kubo. Ukuzalanisa ukukhiqiza ukusebenzisa kuphela ama-18% amahhashi esamba sawo.
Isitayela
Ngomnotho wezindlela nendawo, amahhashi esitebeleni ahlale ngendlela eqinisayo. Naphezu kokuthi uhlelo olunjalo lwesondlo alusho ukuthi ukwabiwa kwesigcawu esikhulu somuntu oyedwa, usadinga ukulandela imithetho ye-"easel" okuqukethwe ukuze isilwane siphumule futhi sibe nesithuba somuntu siqu esidingekayo.
Indawo yokugaya kufanele ibe okungenani ama-5m. Kuye ngobukhulu behhashi, kuhluka ubude nobubanzi bendawo eyodwa. Ubude bokugcina amahhashi amancane asebenzayo (150x156 cm) ubude obuyi-2.9 m, ububanzi - 160 cm. Amahhashi amakhulu (ngaphezu kuka 150x156 cm) ubude bokugcina kumele kube okungenani ubude obuyi-3.1 m, ububanzi - 180 cm.
Kuqhutshwa. Ubude be-feeders kufanele buhambelane nobubanzi bezintambo, ukujula - cishe ngo-30 cm, nokuphakama kusuka phansi kuka-100-110 cm.
Kubalulekile! Abaphakeli, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bayini impahla, kufanele babe nemigodi ehlangene ukuze bagweme ukulimala kwesilwane.Iziphuzo zokuphuza zingaba zomuntu ngamunye futhi zibe uhlobo lomgodla ohamba kuwo wonke ozinzile.
Ukunakekela ihhashi kuhlanganisa nokuhambisana nemithetho yokuhlanzeka. Ngokwesilinganiso, amaqanda amahhashi cishe izikhathi ezingu-10-12 ngosuku futhi akhipha cishe amalitha ayi-7 omchamo. Ngakho-ke, uma ukuhlanza nsuku zonke kungenziwa, khona-ke ama-microorganisms e-pathogenic azoqala ukuphindaphinda emfucumfuceni. Amahhashi amancane azohlushwa yi-ammonia, equkethe umchamo bese efika emoyeni ngesikhatsi nje.
Ukuze uhlanzwe, uzodinga le yokusungula okulandelayo: amafosholo, amafoloji omquba, ifosholo lensimbi, umshanelo onzima kanye ne-wheelbarrow.
Hlanza isiteleka kusukela emanzini okudla kanye namazinyo adinga nsuku zonke. Phakathi nenqubo yokuvuna, utshani obumanzi nomquba ususiwe. Kanye ngesonto kubalulekile ukuhlanza ngokugcwele yonke isiteji (ngokufaka indawo yecala).
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, ihhashi lingesaba noma libonise ukuhlukumezeka, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uyidlulisele okwesikhashana kwenye indawo, noma ukuyibophezela ekusekeleni ukuze isilwane singakwazi ukuzilimaza noma wena.
Ukuluma nokuhamba (ukuhamba) isilwane
Amahhashi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi agcinwe kuphi, kufanele akwazi ukungena emoyeni omusha futhi alulaze izitho zawo, ngoba akukho silwane esingasima endaweni eyodwa futhi silondoloze isimo esihle. 
Udinga ukuhamba ngehhashi yakho njalo ngangokunokwenzeka uma ulindele ukuyisebenzisa ngokuzingela noma emsebenzini wezolimo. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuhamba kufanele kube ukuvivinya kwesilwane, hhayi ukuhlolwa okunzima, ngakho gcina imithetho elandelayo:
- vumela ihhashi lifudumale ngemva kwesiteleka ngaphambi komsebenzi noma ukugibela;
- isilwane kufanele sijwayele ukushisa, kungenjalo, njengomuntu, kungabamba umkhuhlane uma kuthuthumela okuningi;
- amahhashi akwazi ukukhishwa ngaphandle uma izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwe -20 ° C, futhi ngisho nokunye ukuze uwasebenzise emsebenzini onzima noma ukushayela nge-gallop;
- sebenzisa ukuhamba okungenani kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, kungenjalo imisipha yomlenze iqala ukuqeda futhi ihhashi ngeke likwazi ukumelana nomthwalo "ojwayelekile".
Ungahamba ngamahhashi kokubili ngokuzimela nangakwesobunxele. Lesi silwane sithonywe kahle ngokuhamba kancane, okungahambi kahle, okuqinisa isimiso se-musculoskeletal, sikhuthaza amaphaphu, futhi siyancipha isimiso sezinzwa.
Noma yimuphi umsebenzi osebenzayo uvutha amakholori, futhi ukungabi khona kwawo kungabangela isisindo esiningi. Ngakho-ke, zama ukuvumela izilwane ezifuywayo ukuba zifake emoyeni omusha njalo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze zigcine izimfanelo zazo futhi zihlale ziwusizo.
Ukudla nokuphuza amahhashi
Ukubukeka, isimo sengqondo, ukuzivikela, amandla nokukhuthazela kuxhomeke ekudleni okulungile, ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokugcinwa kwezilwane ngendlela efanele, kudingeka ukudla okunempilo okufanele, esizoxoxa ngakho kulesi sigaba.
Ukudla ukudla
Ukudla kokudla akukona kuphela ekuzaleni, kodwa futhi ekusetshenzisweni kwehhashi. Ukwenza kube lula ukubala isidingo esiphakathi kwansuku zonke, ake sibheke amayunithi wezinga lokudla okunomsoco wokudla kwezolimo.
Ukuze kuhlolwe ukubaluleka kokudla okunomsoco nokusetshenziswa kokudla, kusetshenziswa isisetshenziswa sokuphakelayo, esilingana no-1 kg we-oats omanzi owomile noma o 1414 kcal.
Iyunithi yokuphakelayo isetshenziselwa ukubala isidingo sansuku zonke sokudla okuthile. Njengoba usizo lokuphakelayo ngalunye luhluke, ngokubhekisela ku-unit unit, ungakwazi ukukala ngokunembile isilinganiso.
Manje singakhuluma ngokudla amahhashi. I-workhorse omdala ngosuku idinga ukudla ama-1.8-2.7 amayunithi okudla nge-kg kg yesisindo ukuze ugcine isisindo futhi wenze umsebenzi obelwe wona. Isitoko esincane sidinga amasenti angu-2.2-2.8, okungukuthi, isisindo somzimba esingu-100 kg.
Kubalulekile! Ama-Mares adinga ama-feed angu-20% amaningi okuphakelayo ngenkathi i-lactation kunehhashi elisebenzayo elivamile.Akwanele ukwazi inani elidingekayo lamandla wansuku zonke, njengoba udinga ukondla ihhashi ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezomile nezitshalo eziluhlaza, okufaka amaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrates, i-fibre namavithamini. Ngakho-ke, qhubeka ukhuluma mayelana nendlela yokudla amahhashi.
Isilinganiso nsuku zonke Ukudla kwehhashi elidala elilinganisa 450-500 kg:
- amafutha - 4.5-5 kg;
- hay - 11-12 kg;
- ibanga - 1 kg;
- izaqathe - 2-3 kg.
Ekudleni kumele kube khona izithelo noma imifino, emithombo yamavithamini namaminerali. I-karoti yiyona "emakethe" emakethe kakhulu, njengoba igcinwe kahle futhi ishibhile, futhi insiza yayo ayikho ngaphansi kwezithelo eziningi zonyaka kanye nemifino ebiza kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ama-karoti aqukethe amavithamini A amaningi, okudingekayo ukuze alondoloze impilo yesilwane.Kumele futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ihhashi ngalinye kumele likwazi ukufinyelela ku-briquette-lizun, eline-salin etafuleni.
Ngemva kokubhekana nokudla, ngitshele ukuthi uzokondla kanjani futhi nini.
Izinga lansuku zonke le-oats lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu ezilinganayo futhi linikezwa ekuseni, emini nakusihlwa. I-hay inikezwa kaningi, cishe izikhathi ezingu-4-5. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ifoni kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-40% kokudla okuphelele.
Uma kwenzeka ihhashi limatasa lisebenza usuku lonke, ukudla kwenziwa njalo emahoreni amabili. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula okufutshane, ukudla okunomsoco kudliwe, futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okude noma okuphuzile, isilwane sinikezwa amanzi futhi sondliwa ama-oats, imifino, izithelo noma ukugxila.
Kubalulekile! Emva kokudla ama-oats noma ukugxila, isilwane sidinga ikhefu isikhathi.Manje uyazi ukuthi ungondla kanjani ihhashi. Ukusebenzisa isipiliyoni sokuphila, unganciphisa noma ukwandise izinga lokudla, engeza noma yikuphi ukudla okuluhlaza okwesilwane esithandayo.
Indlela yokuhlela ukuchelela
Ukunakekela amahhashi kuhlanganisa ukuchelela okufanele futhi okufika ngesikhathi, okungagculisi nje isidingo soketshezi, kodwa futhi kusiza uhlelo lokugaya ihhashi ukugaya ukudla okomile.
Isilwane sidinga ukunikezwa okungenani ama-60-80 amalitha amanzi ngosuku (kuye ngokuthi umthwalo nokushisa).
Amanzi kufanele anikezwe ngaphambi kokudla ngamunye nge-oats noma kokudla okuhlanganisiwe. Uma isitsha esikhethekile sokuphuza sifakwe esitebeleni, ungakhohlwa ukuguqula amanzi kuwo nsuku zonke futhi uphakamise ngamanzi amasha.
Kubalulekile! Ebusika, isidingo samanzi sanda, njengoba ukudla okomile kudla kakhulu ekudleni.Ukunisela kwenziwa ngaphambi kokudla, emoyeni omusha. Uma isilwane senqaba amanzi, lesi sizathu sokuhlolwa kokutholakala kwezifo.
Amathiphu wokunakekela amahhashi
Sisebenzelana nezimo zokuboshwa nokudla. Okulandelayo, kufanele ucacise ubuqili bokunakekelwa ngabanye, okuphazamisa impilo nempilo yesilwane.
Ukuhlanza nokugeza
Ngaphezu kokuhlanza okujwayelekile esitebeleni, zonke izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga ukuhlanza uboya bese zigeza kudoti ukuze zivikelwe ezifweni zesikhumba kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa kanjani ukugeza ihhashi? Ukugeza insipho yokuhlanza evamile noma i-shampoo ekhethekile isetshenziswa.
Okokuqala, i-detergent isetshenziswa kuwo wonke uboya, kuhlanganise nomsila nomane. Khona-ke ungahamba ngebhayisikili ukuze ususe amagugu kanye nama-parasites. Hlanganisa i-foam udinga indawo yokushisa yamanzi kusuka kwipipi noma ukuchelela.
Kubalulekile! Kuyadingeka ukuba uhlanzeke yonke into yokugcoba, ngaphandle kokucasula noma ukungahambi kahle kwe-soap / shampoo kungenzeka.
Kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe izinqubo zamanzi okungenani 1 isikhathi ngesonto. Ebusika, kufanelekile ukuqaphela, njengoba umehluko phakathi kwamanzi afudumele nomoya obandayo kungabangela ubanda.
Njengoba wazi, kubalulekile ukuhlanza ihhashi ukuze ugcine ukubukeka kwe-esthétique futhi ususe ama-debris kujazi, ngakho-ke sizokutshela ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, okhokho bethu babelokhu bebeletha izilwane ezihlukahlukene: izimbuzi, izimvu, ama-gobies, onogwaja.
Ukuhlanza kwehhashi kuqala kusukela ekhanda, bese kuya emahlombe, kubuna kanye nemilenze. Ngenkathi ukuhlambalaza, ugwaza isikhumba sehhashi, uzama ukuthola noma iziphi izilonda noma izidumbu. Le nqubo ngeke ihlalise kuphela isilwane, kodwa iphinde ikunikeze imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nempilo yayo. Sebenzisa ukuhlanza Inqolobane elandelayo:
- ibhulashi;
- ibhulashi elithambile;
- i-long-brush hair noma i-mane nomsila;
- Izipanji ezimbili;
- indwangu noma enye i-rag.
Ngokungafani nokugeza, ukuhlanza kungenziwa unyaka wonke. Zama ukuqaphela ngesikhathi senqubo, ngaphandle kwalokho ihhashi lizozwa ubuhlungu futhi lizozesaba izinqubo ezinjalo noma lingalimaza.
Ukudubula nokunakekela izinselo
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda uma kunesidingo ukugqoka ihhashi.
- Lesi silwane sibandakanyeka ekusebenzeni emhlabathini oqinile.
- Ihhashi lalisetshenziselwa ukuthwala impahla
- Ihhashi linesifo esinqunyiwe
- Ukugcina isimo nokusebenza
Kubalulekile! Ukudubula ihhashi kufanele kube ngumchwepheshe kuphela, ngoba ukukhishwa kwamahhashi okungalungile kungalimaza isilwane sakho noma kwenze kube nzima ukuhamba. Ngakho-ke, akufanele uhlole noma uzame isandla sakho ngalokhu ngaphandle kokuba nolwazi olufanele nolwazi.
Ngamahhashi amahhashi ahlongozwayo, manje thola ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ama-hoove, namahhashi amahhashi futhi ngaphandle kwawo.
Nsuku zonke udinga ukuhlola izinselo, uzihlanza emanzini noma ngamatshe, futhi, uma kunesidingo, gcoba ngamafutha akhethekile. Njalo emavikini angu-6 kusukela emahlathini kuyadingeka ukususa izicubu ezifakwe phansi, ukuze kungabi khona ukufika.
Kunconywa ukuthi ufundise imbongolo ukuba idle imilenze ukuze ihlolwe kusukela ebusheni, kungenjalo esikhathini esizayo uzodingeka usebenze umthamo wezinxushunxushu ngokuhlolwa okuphelele noma ukufaka.
Ungakhohlwa ngokubiza udokotela wezilwane ukuba uhlolwe njalo, ngoba noma yisiphi isifo esithinta imilenze kunzima ukubona ngesikhathi sokuqala, ngaphandle kokuba nemfundo edingekayo noma ulwazi.
Uyazi? Baqala ukusebenzisa amahhashi empini eMesopotamiya eminyakeni yeshumi leminyaka BC. Ekhulwini le-X BC. Kwabonakala nabokuqala behhashi.
Indlela yokunakekela amazinyo akho
Njengezinselo, udokotela wamazinyo kuphela onganquma ngokunembile isimo samazinyo nokutholakala kwezinkinga. Kubalulekile ukumbiza ukuthi ahlole isimo somlomo womlomo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha - ngonyaka. Okhulile ihhashi, okuvame kakhulu ukubiza udokotela wezilwane.
Sichaza izici ezibonisa izinkinga ngamazinyo:
- ukungabikho emlonyeni;
- ukuhlaziya kancane noma ukulahlwa okuphelele;
- isilwane sihlaba noma sihlamba kancane;
- ngemuva kwehhashi kunzima kakhulu.
Imithi yezilwane
Zonke izilwane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziphi izimo zokuphila, ukubeletha nokudla kufanele kugonywe ngezifo ezithile.
Sebenzisa le mithi ukuphatha izilwane: Amprolium, Nitoks 200, Solikox, Gammatonic, Baytril, Enroksil, E-selenium.
1. Ukugoma ngokumelene ne-anthrax. Inqubo yenziwa minyaka yonke futhi kuphela izilwane zezilwane. Ayikho imithi yokugoma yamahhala, ngakho awukwazi ukuthola umgomo wakho.
2. Ucwaningo ku-SAP, INAN, isifo samacala. Kugcinwe kanye ngonyaka, njengoba lolu hlu lubhekisela ezifweni eziyingozi kakhulu ezithathelwanayo.
3. Ukugoma ngokumelene neptospirosis. Izifundo zesifo kanye nenqubo yokugoma zenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: kanye ngonyaka eminyakeni emibili, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ezindaweni zokulima; enze ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa / ukungeniswa kwezilwane; neptospirosis okusolakala ukuthi.
4. Ukugonywa ngokumelene nomkhuhlane. Iqhutshwa kanye ngonyaka emva kokuphathwa kokubili kabili noma kathathu. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi kunomuthi omkhulu wemithi yokulwa nemithi ehlukahlukene yemigciwane ye-influenza, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuxhumana ne-vet ukuze uthole usizo.
5. Ukugonywa ngokumelene nedermatophytosis. Izilwane zigonywa kanye ngonyaka, ngaphezu kokucubungula kokuqala, okwenziwe ngekhefu lamasonto amabili. Ngenkambiso, kufanele ubize udokotela, kungenjalo ungathola umuthi ongalungile, noma uwujobe ngokungalungile.
6. Ukugonywa ngokumelene ne-rhinopneumonia. Ngokuya esifundeni, ukugoma ngokumelene nalesi sifo kungase kudingeke noma ngesicelo somnikazi. Однако если вы планируете разведение лошадей в домашних условиях, тогда проведение процедуры является обязательным. Ринопневмония является частой причиной выкидышей на поздних сроках беременности.
7.Вакцинация против столбняка. Uma umuthi wokugomela ungeniswa, khona-ke inqubo kufanele yenziwe kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili, uma ihlala ekhaya, kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3-5. Ukugonywa ngokumelene nalesi sifo kuyimpoqo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zesifunda noma izilwane ziyini.
8. Ukugonywa ngokumelene ne-rabies. Akusibophezelo, kodwa kufanele kuqhutshwe ukuze kugweme ukuziphatha kwezilwane eziningi. Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile emapulazini asezindaweni zokuhlala ezithwalweni zemvelo zesifo.
Kubalulekile! Uma ihhashi lakho lihlanganyela emincintiswaneni, isheke liyenziwa kanye nezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Kunezinamba eziningi zokugoma ezidingekayo ekubhujisweni kwezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ukuthi isilwane sakho singakwazi "ukubamba" lapho uxhumana nezilwane ezifuywayo, ngakho-ke uma usebenzelana namahhashi, kufanele nakanjani uqhubeke uthintana ne-vet.
Yonke imithetho echazwe kulesi sihloko inenani elilinganayo lapho ugcina amahhashi. Qaphela, zama ukunikeza isilwane into enhle, uthathe kaningi ukuhamba, futhi uzothola umngane omuhle ozojabula naye.
