I-anyanisi greens iyisengezo esilusizo kakhulu kunoma yisiphi isidlo, ngoba sinothile kakhulu ngamavithamini, ama-macro- kanye nama-microelements. Ngakho-ke isiko leli alithobeki. Kodwa ungazinikeza ngokuluhlaza okuhlaza hhayi kuphela ngenkathi yezimbali, uma ufunda ukutshala u-anyanisi oluhlaza endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma kufasitela.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zika-anyanisi kuma-greens
Ukuze kukhulunyiswe izimpaphe, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethekile zika-anyanisi. Kepha ngisho anyanisi ojwayelekile ufanelekile impela.
I-anyanisi
Kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezixubile. Uma usika u-anyanisi onjalo, ngaphakathi ngeke ubone loyedwa, kodwa ama-buds ama-3-5 aluhlaza wezimpaphe ezizayo.
I-anyanisi engu-multiglossal kulula ukuyibona ngokusika u-anyanisi
Izinketho ezifanelekileyo:
- I-Arzamas yendawo. Okuhlukahlukene okuvela esigabeni saphakathi nesizini nge-primordia engu-3-4. Ngaphezu kwama-greens, futhi kunikeza ama-bulbs amancane, aminyene kakhulu. Ipeni alilimele emazingeni aphansi okushisa. Ukushiyeka okubalulekile - ukuthambekela kokwehlula i-downy hlobo kanye nothando olukhethekile oluvela ku-anyanisi luyandiza.
- Bessonovsky wendawo. I-anyanisi yokuvuthwa kokuqala, i-mid-gall (izingcezu ezi-2-3). Ine-immune enhle kakhulu, okuhlukile kuphela nge-peronosporosis. Kudinga ukulungiswa okuncane.
- Rostov ophakeme wasendaweni. Enye yezinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa, u-anyanisi ngamunye une-primordia engu-3-4. Ipeni elivame kakhulu ukuhlaselwa yizifo, alimelani namakhaza.
- I-Spassky ephezulu yendawo. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvuthwa okuphakathi kokukhuliswa kwezinsalela. I-anyanisi ngayinye ine-primordia engu-7-10. Iyamelana nobanda, kepha ingathinteka kakhulu yi-peronosporosis kanye nokubola kwentamo uma izimo ezifanele zokuthuthuka kwalezi zifo zakhiwa phakathi nenkathi yonyaka.
- I-Chernihiv-4. Izinhlobonhlobo ezivela esigabeni esiphakathi sekwephuzile. Isibazi ngasinye sinama-primordia ama-3-5. Ngokuvamile kuthinteka yi-peronosporosis, cishe akukaze kwenzeke - ukubola kwentamo.
- Amber-29. Ku-bulb, umbungu we-1-3. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa yisikhathi saphakathi nesizini. Ukuphikiswa okubandayo nokungavikeleki okuhle kuyimpawu.
I-anyanisi ilungele ngokuphelele i-distillation kuma-greens, kepha lokhu akuyona inhloso yayo eyinhloko
I-anyanisi
Kutholakala futhi ngaphansi kwamagama "uTatar", "isihlabathi", "ubusika". Uma ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo zaphakade, izimpaphe zingasikwa izikhathi ezi-2-3 phakathi nenkathi, endaweni eyodwa yonyaka - eyodwa kuphela. Kulokhu okuhlukahlukene, kuyadingeka ukusika iziqu ezibonakala ngamabhokisi embewu, asusa umsoco odingekile ezimpaphe, ukunambitheka kwawo ngokunamandla.
Uma utshala u-anyanisi-batun kuma-greens, khetha izinhlobo ezingapheli
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu:
- Ephreli Ukuqala (izinsuku eziyi-102- 142) ibanga elide. Impilo ekhiqizayo yiminyaka engama-5-7. Imifino ibekezelela ukubanda kuze kufike ku -10ºС. Ihlukaniswa ukungaziphathi kahle. Isibani esisodwa ngesizini sinikeza izimpaphe ezingaba ngu-40 (200-300 g).
Ngo-Ephreli - enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ze-anyanisi-batun phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia
- E-Baron. Uhlobo olu-Ultra-zakuqala, isivuno singavulwa ngenyanga ngenyanga yokuqhuma okuncane. Izinhlobonhlobo azihlushwa amazinga okushisa aphansi, kusukela ngonyaka wesibili ngemuva kokutshala ziletha ama-3.5-4 kg wemifino nge-1 m² ngesizini. Ukungavikeleki ezingeni elijwayelekile.
- I-Bahia Verde. Okuhlukahlukene okuvela esigabeni saphakathi nesizini. Ukusikwa kwepeni kuyaqhubeka ukusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla sekwephuzile. Izinhlobonhlobo azivamile ukuhlupheka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokubola nokubanda. Ukukhiqiza - 4.2 kg / m².
- Emerald. I-hybrid evamile ye-anyanisi nezinduku zokuqala zokuvuthwa. Kubonakaliswa ukumelana nokubanda nokugomela okuhle kakhulu, kufaka phakathi i-peronosporosis. Ukukhiqiza - 3.2 kg / m².
- Isisa. Imifino ingagawulwa inyanga ngemuva kokuqhuma. Izinhlobonhlobo ziqinile ebusika. Ukukhiqiza - kufika ku-3.5 kg / m². Ukungavikeleki ezingeni elijwayelekile.
- Ubusika baseRussia. Mid-isizini (izinsuku ezingama-27-30), izinhlobo ezibandayo kakhulu ezibandayo. Ukukhiqiza - 3.68 kg / m². Ukungavikeleki akukubi.
- Seryozha. Ibanga lokuqala. Ukukhiqiza - 2.8 kg / m². Ukumelana nesithwathwa kukuvumela ukuthi ukhule kulo lonke elaseRussia. Ukugula akuvamile ukuthinta.
- Usayizi waseRussia. Ibanga lonyaka. Isivuno esiphakeme (ngaphezu kwama-4 kg / m²) ngosayizi omkhulu wamaqabunga. Uma ihlobo lipholile futhi lina, lingahlushwa yi-peronosporosis. Ukumelana nesithwathwa kuphakeme.
Usayizi waseRussia uphila ngokuphelele igama
- I-pierrot. Ibanga eliphakathi nendawo (izinsuku ezingama-40). Ukukhiqiza - 5-5,5 kg / m². Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana nezifo zokukhunta ezijwayelekile zesiko. Kodwa ukumelana nesithwathwa kukuvumela ukuthi ukhule ngezinga lezimboni kuphela kumagatsha okugcina izithombo.
Ividiyo: anyanisi-baton kuma-greens
AmaChives
Ungumsiki noma isivinini. Ubude beqabunga buqabukela ngaphezu kwama-50 cm. Amincane kakhulu, afana nezinaliti. Imifino inoshukela omningi ngokweqile, ibuthaka futhi iphunga elimnandi. Lokhu kwahlukahluka akuzakhi ama-bulbs amakhulu, kepha kuqhakaza kahle, kudonsela izinambuzane ezihlasela impova esizeni. AmaChives alungele ukukhula ekhaya.
AmaChives atshalwe hhayi kuphela imifino kanye nama-bulbs, kodwa futhi ukuhlobisa indawo
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile:
- Bohemia Ayilahli ikhwalithi lapho ikhule endaweni eyodwa kuze kube yiminyaka engama-3-5. Ifanele inani lesivuno esizinzile, esithinteka kancane yizimo zezulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zisencane, izimpaphe zingasikwa emavikini ayi-2,5 ukuya amathathu emva kokuhluma. I-bulb eyodwa inika ukuya ku-200 g ngesizini, isiyonke - ifinyelela ku-4 kg / m². Ukungavikeleki akukubi, njengoba kunjalo nangokumelana nesithwathwa.
U-anyanisi Bohemia uletha kahle isivuno, noma ngabe isimo sezulu sikhishwa kanjani ngokwehlobo
- Prague Enye yezinhlobo zokuqala. Ukukhiqiza kuze kufike ku-4.5-5 kg / m². Ukubekezelelana okubandayo nokungazethembi okujwayelekile.
- Khibinsky. Izinhlobonhlobo yisikhathi saphakathi nesizini, esivikela isithwathwa. Impilo ekhiqizayo yesitshalo esisodwa ifinyelela eminyakeni eyisikhombisa. Ukungavikeleki kwezifo zokukhunta akukubi. Isivuno esimaphakathi - 3.5-4 kg / m²
- IsiSiberia. Izinhlobonhlobo zinesikhathi sokuvuthwa okuphakathi futhi zihlukaniswa ukumelana nesithwathwa ngokwedlulele nokungazethembi okuhle. Ukukhiqiza - 4 kg / m².
- Isitshalo sezinyosi. Kusuka ekuqubukeni kwezithombo kuya ekusikeni kwenqwaba yesilimo, kudlula izinsuku ezingama-86-95 (izinhlobo eziphakathi sekwephuzile). Isivuno sesikhathi sonyaka sifinyelela ku-5 kg / m². Ukusuka ezifweni, umkhuhlane kanye nezinambuzane kuyaqabukela kuhlupheka.
- Amakhemikhali. Kusuka esigabeni saphakathi nesizini. Ifanele ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kakhulu (kufinyelela ku-600 g ngesitshalo ngasinye no-6.84 kg nge-1 m²). Izinhlobonhlobo zingathinteka kakhulu yi-Downy isikhutha uma isimo sezulu ehlobo sithanda ukukhula kwesikhunta. Ukumelana nesithwathwa akukubi.
- Ntwasahlobo. Kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-25-30 ukukhipha imifino. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, zibonakaliswa ukubekezelelana okuhle nokubanda nokungatheleleki. Ukukhiqiza - kuze kufike ku-5-6 kg / m² ngesizini.
Leek
Ibizwa nangokuthi pearl. Ngokubukeka, izimpaphe cishe zingaqhelelwanga kugalikhi. Ukunambitheka kuthambile kakhulu, kuthambile. Isivuno esijwayelekile singama-2-3 kg / m². Izitshalo, njengomthetho, mude futhi zinamandla; lokhu kuhlukahluka akulungele kakhulu ukulinyazwa efasiteleni.
Ubuningi bezithako ezenziwa emalengeni zigxiliwe ezansi kwesiqu
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu:
- Columbus Isitshalo ngasinye sinikeza kuze kube ngu-400 g we-greenery. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa - izinsuku ezingama-85-90 (phakathi nesikhathi ekuqaleni). Ukukhiqiza - 3.1 kg / m². Ukugula akuvamile ukuthinta.
- I-Vesta. Ibanga lokuqala. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo nesinzima ngokwedlulele, le anyanisi itshalwe kangcono ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma izithombo ezikhulwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, inokumelana nesithwathwa ngokulinganisela. Ukukhiqiza - 5.7 kg / m². Ukungavikeleki akukubi.
- Casimir. Izinhlobo zaphakathi nesizini (izinsuku ezingama-200). Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhula izithombo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, njengoba ngisindile kumakhaza ekwindla, ngeke awathwale. Ukukhiqiza - kuze kufike ku-5-6 kg / m². Ukungavikeleki kuhle.
I-Casimir - enye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-leek yaseRussia
- Owinile. Itshalwa kokubili njengesitshalo sonyaka nanjengesikhashana sonyaka. Ifanele ukungavikeleki okuhle nokumelana nesithwathwa esikhulu, ilungele izifunda ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo nesibandayo. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-130-160. Ukukhiqiza - 3.4 kg / m².
- I-Alligator Izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo ezifika sekwephuzile (izinsuku ezingama-180-200), kuma-Urals naseSiberia akufanelekile, noma ngabe kutshalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa (engashisi). Ukuvunwa kuvame ukwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kobusika. Ukumelana nesithwathwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kuvumela lokhu. Ukukhiqiza - 3.4 kg / m². Ukungavikeleki kuhle.
- Indlovu. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa sekwephuzile. Ukuvunwa kunganqunywa ezinsukwini ezingama-180-200 ngemuva kokutshala. Isisindo esijwayelekile sesitshalo esisodwa sifinyelela ku-200 g, isivuno esiphelele sikhuphukela ku-4 kg / m², kodwa kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Izinhlobonhlobo azibandelani namakhaza, akuvamile ukuba zithinteke ezifweni.
- Mpunga. Enye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvuthwa sekwephuzile. Inokuphikisana kakhulu nesithwathwa. Isisindo esivamile sezitshalo sifinyelela ku-150 g, isivuno esiphelele singama-3-3,5 kg / m².
- Tango Ihlanganisa ngempumelelo ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu nesivuno esiphakeme kakhulu nokumelana nokubanda. Imifino ilungele ukusika izinsuku ezingama-150 ngemuva kokutshala (maphakathi nesizini). Isisindo sesitshalo esisodwa singama-200-250 g, isivuno esiphelele sifinyelela ku-4.5 kg / m². Ukungavikeleki ezingeni elijwayelekile.
IBow Tango ayinawo amaphutha, kepha idinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela
AmaShaloti
Kuhluka ngokungazwisisi. Izinga lemifino kanye nokukhiqiza kweqisa kakhulu u-anyanisi.
AmaSharots athandwa ngabalimi ngenxa yokungacabangi kwabo okukhiqizayo kanye nokukhiqiza okukhulu
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo phakathi kwabalimi:
- Ayrat. Okuhlukahlukene okuvela esigabeni saphakathi nesizini. Isivuno esijwayelekile yi-1.6 kg / m². Ukumelana nesithwathwa yisilinganiso, ukungatheleleki kuhle.
- I-Bonnilla F1. I-Hybrid yokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Ngokuvamile kukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni njengonyaka. Amabhule avuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-85-87, imifino inganqunywa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5. Ukukhiqiza - 1.5 kg / m². Ukumelana nokubanda nokugomeka akukubi.
- Ubhasikidi wamavithamini. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Ultra-zakuqala ezazenzelwe ukugcwala izimpaphe ezindaweni zokugcina ukufudumala ebusika nasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-65-70, imifino inganqunywa ezinsukwini ezingama-20 ngemuva kokutshala. Ukumelana nesithwathwa yisilinganiso impela, ukungatheleleki akukubi.
I-anyanisi Vitamin basket ithela isivuno esiluhlaza ngokushesha okukhulu
- Cascade. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuthwa kokuqala. Yaziswa ngokukhiqiza kwayo okuphezulu (ngaphezu kwe-2 kg / m²), ukungasebenzi kahle kokumelana nokuqina kweqhwa.
Ithuba elingabazeki le-anyanisi Cascade - umkhiqizo omkhulu
- Inqaba. Ihlukaniswa ubukhona bokungazethembi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokubola nokumelana nokudubula. Ngokuvuthwa - okuphakathi sekwephuzile, kufanelekile ukutshala ebusika. Ukumelana nokubanda kuyakuvumela. Ukukhiqiza - kuze kufike ku-2 kg / m².
- Imisipha. Izinhlobo ezivuthwa eziphakathi nendawo, zibongwa ngokungaziphathi kahle ngokulwa neFusarium nama-thrips, isivuno esiphakeme (1.8-2 kg / m²). Isikhathi sokukhula sifinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-60. Ukungavikeleki kuhle.
I-Slime anyanisi
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingabonakala ngamaqabunga abanzi amaflethi afaka iphunga legalikhi elibonakalayo. Yaziswa ngokunemba, ubulukhuni bokubanda, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kakhulu. Emhlabathini ovaliwe kukhula unyaka wonke; esivandeni, isikhathi sezitshalo kuphela kuphela ngokuqala kwesithwathwa.
Ama-slime anyanisi ahlukaniswa yisikhathi eside esikhula, esiqinisekisa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu
Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- Luhlaza Ibanga lesizini ephakathi. Ihlangana ngokuphumelelayo nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokutshala, inokungazethembi kwe-peronosporosis nokugqwala. Ukukhiqiza - 4-6 kg / m². Isitshalo esisodwa siletha isivuno seminyaka engama-4-5. Ukumelana nokubandayo kuvumela ukuba kubusika buthule esimweni sezulu esifudumele.
- I-Dwarf. Ukukhiqiza ngesikhathi sonyaka ngu-3-3,5 kg / m². Mid-isizini (izinsuku ezingama-38-42) izinhlobonhlobo zobusika eziqinile ngokuzivikela okuhle.
I-Onion Dwarf ibukeka ihlobisa kakhulu
- Umholi. Ibanga lesizini ephakathi. Imifino ingasikwa izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngesizini, isikhathi ngasinye ethola 2 kg kusuka 1 m². Ukumelana nesithwathwa kuhle, akuvamile ukuba nesifo.
- I-charm. Ukukhiqiza - 1.7 kg / m² kumkhawulo ngamunye. Izinhlobonhlobo yisikhathi saphakathi nesizini, esivikela isithwathwa, esinokuzivikela okuhle.
- Belorussia. Isikhathi esihlukahlukene, isikhathi esikhiqizayo - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-7. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani lazo ngenxa yokuqina kakhulu kwesithwathwa nokuzivikela komzimba okuhle kakhulu. Ukukhiqiza okumaphakathi - kuze kufike ku-2 kg / m².
I-Tiered Bow
UngumGibhithe noma umCanada. Igama lokuqala kungenxa yokuthi lakha ama-bulbs amancane omoya. Idlula ezinye izinhlobo zesiko ngokuya ekunakekelweni nokungenamkhawulo. Izinhlobo eziningi zivuthwa zakuqala futhi zihlume ngamahlamvu amaningi. Amacembe amancane (40- 40 cm ubude), ngesimo sepayipi. Ngokuvamile, anyanisi anjalo atshalwe ekwindla.
Ama-anyanisi agudwe ama-Multi enza ama-bulbs amancane endaweni ye-inflorescences
Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- Likova. Izinhlobonhlobo sezivuthiwe zakuqala, zinikeza isivuno esikhulu (3.6 kg / m².) Ngisho nokushoda kokukhanya. Umdwebo obalulekile uthando olujikijelayo. Ukumelana nokubandayo akukubi.
Umnsalo kaLikov uvame ukuba nezinkinga zokuhlaselwa ngama-thrips
- Imemori. Ngenkathi, imifino inqunywa amahlandla ama-2-3, ithola izimpaphe ezifika ku-3 kg. Izinhlobo zokuqala (izinsuku ezingama-24). Ukungavikeleki kanye nokubanda okubandayo ezingeni elijwayelekile.
- Chelyabinsk. Izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa (izinsuku ezingama-20). Isikhathi sonyaka sinikeza kuze kube yi-3 kg yohlaza okotshani. Izifo nezilokazane azithinteki kakhulu.
Ukutshala ama-bulb emhlabathini
I-anyanisi ayinciphisi kakhulu ekunakekelweni. Lokhu kuyasebenza nezimo ezikhulayo. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ikhwalithi yezinto zokutshala iyisihluthulelo sesivuno esiningi esizayo.
Isikhathi esifanele
Ngokwesilinganiso, imifino yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zika-anyanisi uvuthwa ngezinsuku eziyi-15-20. Kulokhu kumele siqhubeke kulokhu, sinqume isikhathi sokufika kwayo.
Ekhaya, isikhathi asinandaba nhlobo, ama-bulbs amasha atshalwa unyaka wonke, njengoba kunesidingo. Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, ukutshala kwenziwa ngenkathi ebandayo (ngo-Okthoba-Ephreli), ebusika isidingo samakhambi amasha siphezulu kakhulu.
Emhlabathini ovulekile, isikhathi esithile sincike esifundeni sokutshala. Inhlabathi ekujuleni kuka-4-5 cm kufanele ifudumale ifinyelele okungenani ku-6-8ºС. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, lokhu kuvame ukuba yingxenye yokuqala kaMeyi. Ehlobo, ama angatshalwa ezinye izikhathi ezi-2-3, abale isikhathi ukuze abe nesikhathi sokusika imifino ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala.
Uma isiko likhule kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, njengesitshalo esineminyaka emibili, sihlwanyelwa embhedeni phakathi ehlobo. Imifino emisha izovela ngokoqobo kusuka ngaphansi kweqhwa, ingagawulwa ngo-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Ukulungiselela umbhede
Khetha isiko elikhanyiswe kahle yilanga nelivikelekile emoyeni. Emthunzini, izimpaphe ziyeluka, ziba mncane, ziphuzi zingabonakali. Isendlalelo esingezansi kufanele sidedelwe, sitholakala kalula emoyeni nasemanzini. Abanduleli abahle be-anyanisi banoma yiliphi ithanga ne-Solanaceae, zonke izinhlobo zeklabishi.
Ngenqubo yokumba, umbhede ongaphansi kwe-anyanisi uhlanzwa ukhula, yonke imanyolo edingekayo
Ekwindla, inhlabathi iyamba, ama-3-4 l we-humus noma umquba obolile, 20-25 g we-superphosphate noma i-potassium sulfate ne-10-15 g yanoma yimuphi umanyolo onamaminerali aqukethe i-nitrogen afakwa nge-1 m².
Humus - ikhambi lemvelo lokwandisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi
Izinsuku ezingama-2-2 ngaphambi kokuwehliswa, kukhululwe ngokukhululeka, kudalulwe futhi kunyathelwe ngokucophelela. Lesi sakamuva siyadingeka ukuze kuthi ngemuva kokufika u-anyanisi, i-substrate ingahambi ngokweqile.
Ilungiselela izinto zokutshala
Ukukhetha okuhle kuleli cala ama-bulbs cishe 3-4 cm ubukhulu, anesisindo se-10-15 g. Zidinga ukuhlanzwa esikalini esomile bese zixazululwa, zilahle yonke imidwebo ngokulandela okuncane okusolisayo, okukhumbuza isikhunta noma ukubola, udayi, imifantu. Cishe usayizi ofanayo ubaluleke ngokukhethekile lapho u-anyanisi etshalwe esikalini esiluhlaza esikalini sezimboni - lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusika izimpaphe ngasikhathi sinye.
Amabhlogo wokutshala akhethwa ngokucophelela - isivuno sesikhathi esizayo sincike kuso
Isigaba esiyisibopho - ukubulala amagciwane. Ngokuthola isifo, ama-bulbs akhethiwe agxiliswa amahora amaningi kusisombululo se-pink esise-potanganum permanganate. Enye inketho ngamanzi anosawoti (isipuni ilitha ngalinye). Ungangeza amaconsi ambalwa wanoma iyiphi i-biostimulant kwikhambi (i-Epin, Heteroauxin, Kornevin, Immunocytophyte).
Isixazululo se-potassium permanganate - esinye sezibulala magciwane esivame kakhulu
Isifo esijwayelekile esingacishe siziqede ngokuphelele izimpaphe i-peronosporosis. Ukuze uvimbele, izinto zokutshala kumele zifudunyezwe emazingeni okushisa angama-40 ° C amahora angama-7-8.
Ukuvuselela ama-bulbs ukuthi akhiqize ukukhula okuluhlaza, ikota ephezulu iyanqunywa, okuhlinzeka ngevolumu enkudlwana ye-oksijini emibungu yamaqabunga. Ukwengeza umphumela, zibuye zenze ukuhlangana okungu-2-3 okude ngokujula okufika ku-1.5-2 mm.
Uma usika ingaphezulu lesibalo, ungathola imifino ngokushesha
Ngenhloso efanayo, u-anyanisi uthululelwa esixekweni futhi uniselwa ngamanzi afudumele (30-35ºC). Ngemuva kwalokho imbozwa izinsuku ezingama-4-6 nge-burlap noma enye into evumela ukuthi umoya udabule, kepha hhayi ukukhanya. Izinga lokushisa elisendlini ligcinwa ezingeni elingaphansi kwe-25ºС.
Izindlela zokulungiselela ezichaziwe ziguqula isikhathi sokunciphisa imifino ngezinsuku ezingama-4-7 futhi zikhuphule umkhiqizo wepeni okungenani ama-60%.
Ividiyo: ukulungiswa kwamabhuleki nokutshala kwawo emhlabathini
Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokubamba
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokutshala u-anyanisi:
- Ithiphu. Ejwayelekile kubo bonke abalimi abafika emiseleni. Phakathi kwamabhuleki asondelene nawo, ngokuya ngosayizi wawo, shiya u-5-7 cm, ukuhlukaniswa imigqa - cm 12-20. Ngemuva kokutshala, imisele imbozwe ngenhlabathi.
Cishe bonke abalimi basebenza ukutshala u-anyanisi onendlela yetiyiphu esihlakaleni sakhe.
- I-Pavement. Amabhuleki atholakala phezu kombhede ngangokunokwenzeka, ekugcineni-kuya-ekugcineni. Isisekelo sicindezelwe kancane emhlabathini. Phezulu ambozwe ungqimba lomhlabathi onobukhulu obungadluli kuka-2-3 cm. Le ndlela ivame ukwenziwa lapho kutshala u-anyanisi kuma-greens ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Isibazi ngokwaso singekho ithuba lokuthuthuka, zonke izakhi ezikuzo ziya kwizimpaphe. Kufika kuma-10-12 kg wezinto zokutshala zichitha nge-1 m².
Ukutshala anyanisi ngendlela yebhuloho kubeka umkhawulo ngokuqinile ekuthuthukiseni ama, okuphoqa ukuthi anikeze wonke umsoco emaqabungeni
Imbewu ka-anyanisi kuma-greens atshalwe emiseleni ngokuphumula okungamasentimitha angama-30 ukuya kwayi-40. Hlwanyela kakhulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izithombo zikhulu kakhulu. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala, azodinga ukuncishiswa ngaphandle, kwakheka izikhala eziba ngu-2-3 cm.
Lapho kukhula ipeni, ukutshala imbewu akuvamile kakhulu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kuphela izindleko eziphansi zokutshala. Isivuno kuzodingeka silinde isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ukuthola imifino kusuka enhlanyelweni ye-anyanisi inqubo ende eyanele
Ividiyo: anyanisi okhula ezinhlanyelweni
Amandla ekunakekelwa kwezitshalo ngesikhathi sonyaka
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle semifino, umlimi udinga:
- Ukuvulwa njalo kwemibhede. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukushintshwa komoya okujwayelekile. Kufanele kwenziwe izinsuku ezingama-1-2 ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye.
Ukuvulela imibhede kwephula ukugcwala okuqinile emhlabathini wenhlabathi
- Ukhula. Uhlelo lwezimpande luk anyanisi lwakhiwe ngaphansi, ukhula umane "ulukwele" lona, lususe umsoco oludingekayo.
Uma ungalahli umbhede ngomnsalo, awukwazi ukulinda isivuno esiningi
- Ukunisela. Kuyadingeka lapho inhlabathi yomile ekujuleni kuka-3-4 cm. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kokuqala kwama-greens, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuchelela okungama-4-6 (kabili ngesonto). Ukuswakama ngokweqile kulimaza esikweni - ama aqala ukubola. Ukunisela umbhede emiseleni.
U-anyanisi wanisela emiseleni emzileni
- Isicelo somanyolo. Kuyelulekwa ukwenza ngezambatho zemvelo. Izikhathi ezanele ezingama-3-4 ngesikhathi sokukhula. Imvamisa zihlanganiswa nokunisela. Ungasebenzisa i-infusions yomquba omusha wezinkomo, amaconsi ezinyoni, amaqabunga ama-nettle kanye ne-dandelion, umlotha wezinkuni. Konke lokhu kunikeza izitshalo nge-nitrogen, kuzishukumisela ukuba zikhuthale ekwakheni inqwaba eluhlaza. Kuyasiza ukondla ngemuva kokusika izimpaphe zokuqala ukunikeza izitshalo amandla.
Ukumiliselwa kweNettle - umthombo wemvelo we-nitrogen, potassium ne phosphorus
- Yilwa nezifo nezinambuzane. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali lapha. Ukuvimbela okuhle kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obunekhono. Ukuvikela ezifweni zokukhunta, kuyasiza ukufafaza izitshalo njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7- 7 uchithe inhlabathi ngezixazululo zomlotha we-soda, umlotha wezinkuni, uthuli nge-chalk noma nge-colloidal sulfure. Izinambuzane zesaba ngempumelelo yi-mustard powder, ama-chips kagwayi, upelepele womhlaba osakazeke emibhedeni yonke.
I-anyanisi i-peronosporosis ngesinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu kusiko
- Ukuvikelwa kwesithwathwa. Lapho utshala ngaphambi kobusika kusuka ekwindla, umbhede umbozwe ungqimba lwe-humus ngegqinsi elingama-cm okungenani angama-5. Entwasahlobo, iyasuswa. Lapho kulindeleke ukuthi kube nesithando sokubuya, kuqiniswa ngesimbozo sepulasitiki noma ngezinto zokumboza. Uma imbewu itshalwe, ngokuwa sekuvele kunezimpaphe ezinde impela. Kulesi simo, u-anyanisi umbozwe ngotshani noma ingxube yezithelo zemvelo eyenziwe nge-sawdust.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-anyanisi zibekwe njengokuvimbela isithwathwa, kepha namanje akufanele ungayinaki imibhede ebusika
Ividiyo: Izeluleko Zokukhulisa I-anyanisi eluhlaza
Ukuvuna nokugcina
U-anyanisi oluhlaza ulungele ukugawulwa, lapho ubude bezimpaphe bufinyelela ku-30 cm. Awukwazi ukubambezela isivuno - izimpaphe zilahlekelwa kakhulu ukubakhona (okomile, ophuzi), futhi ukunambitheka nakho kuyahlupheka. Lapho nje beqala ukuncika phansi - empeleni kwakuyisikhathi.
Ukuze izimpaphe ziqhubeke nokukhula, ezikhona kudingeka zinqunywe ngenhla kwendawo yokukhulisa ihlumela. Sebenzisa isikere obukhali noma isihlahla esincane salokhu. Amathuluzi anjalo abangela ukulimala okuncane esitshalweni. Ekhaya, ungamane unciphise izimpaphe zomuntu ngamunye njengoba kudingeka, kancane kancane usuka ezingxenyeni ezingaphakathi kuya esikhungweni.
Uma uveza ngokweqile isivuno sika-anyanisi oluhlaza engadini, ikhwalithi yayo izokonakala kakhulu
Ungagcina ipeni lisha emavikini angama-2-3 ngokulifaka esiqandisini. Awudingi ukugeza ngaphambi kwalapho. Kukhona ezinye izindlela zokugcina:
- Ezitsheni zengilazi. Izimpaphe ezincane ezomile zibekwe embizeni, ivalwe ngokuqinile ngesivalo sayo. Uma zingazange ziphule futhi zigobeke ngenqubo, ama-greens azohlala emisha cishe inyanga. Isitsha kumele sisuswe endaweni emnyama epholile. Ukugcwalisa u-anyanisi ngamafutha zemifino, uzokwandisa impilo yeshalofu amanye amasonto angama-4-6, kepha kuleli fomu alifanele zonke izitsha.
- Esikhwameni sepulasitiki. Izimpaphe ezingavuthiwe zifakwa esikhwameni sobukhulu obufanele, ziboshwe, izimbobo eziningana zenzelwe ukungena komoya ngommese noma ngemfoloko. Gcina iphakethe emiphongolweni noma engaphansi.
- Ngephepha elisindayo noma indwangu yelineni. Kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa amaphephandaba - i-inki yokuphrinta iqukethe ukuhola. Izimpaphe ziyagezwa, kudonswa amanzi, kusongwe iphepha noma ngendwangu, kufafazwe kancane kusuka phezulu ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Isixha sigoqiwe ku-cellophane bese sibekwa emiphongolweni noma e-pantry.
Esiqandisini, u-anyanisi ugcinwa endaweni ekhethekile yemifino nezithelo.
I-anyanisi eyomile futhi eqandisiwe igcinwa isikhathi eside kakhulu ngaphandle kokulahleka kwezakhiwo eziwusizo (ngokulandelana, iminyaka emibili nonyaka). Ingomiswa yomibili ngendlela yemvelo, kanye kuhhavini, ngesomisi ekhethekile. Ukuze umise izimpaphe, okokuqala kufanele unqume. Anyanisi owengeziwe usawoti futhi uthuliwe.
Ngaphambi kokubanda, sika u-anyanisi oluhlaza - ngakho-ke kuthatha isikhala esincane
Izindlela Zokukhula Kwezintshe
Ukulima kwangaphandle akuyona ukuphela kwendlela yokukhula imifino ye-anyanisi. Abalimi abaqeqeshiwe bayitshala endaweni yokugcina izithombo. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekutholeni amakhambi amasha ekhaya.
Endlini eluhlaza
Isikhombisi esiyisisekelo sokukhetha okuningana kuleli cala ukukhiqiza. Ukuthola isisindo esikhulu sotshani obuluhlaza endaweni ebamba ukushisa, kuyadingeka inhlabathi evundile. Ingaphezulu layo kufafazwe ngofulawa we-dolomite noma u-lime osigaxa - lokhu kuzovimbela isikhunta ukuthi singakhuli.
Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ngaphandle kokufudumeza, ama atshalwe ngendlela yebhuloho ekugcineni ekwindla, afafazwe ngengxube yemvuthuluka ye-humus kanye ne-peat (ungqimba okungenani lwama-5-6 cm obukhulu). I-Mulch isuswe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaFebhuwari. I-anyanisi efudumele enamanzi afudumele, imibhede iqiniswa ngesongelo sepulasitiki kuze kuvele amahlumela.
Ezingadini ezifudumele ezifudumele, kulula ukulondolozela izimo ezifanele zezimpaphe - u-anyanisi udinga izinga lokushisa lika-17- 20ºº phakathi nosuku nango-13ººº ebusuku okhanyise amahora ayi-12. Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke liphakanyiselwa ku-21-23 ° C, kodwa kungabe kusaba khona. Izimpaphe zikhula ngokushesha lapho zishisa, kodwa zelula kakhulu.
Ukukhula u-anyanisi oluhlaza endaweni abamba ukushisa kuyasebenza ngokoqobo kwezimboni
Ukudayiswa kuyangezwa emisebenzini ejwayelekile yokunakekela isivuno ku-greenhouse. Njengengubo ephezulu, kusetshenziswa izimbiwa ezikhethekile zamaminerali anyanisi. Ukuchelela kumiswe ngokuphelele izinsuku ezingama-4-5 ngaphambi kokusika okuhlosiwe kwamajikijolo.
Ividiyo: anyanisi kuma-greens endaweni ebamba ukushisa
Kuma-hydroponics
Indlela idume kakhulu ngalabo abatshala imifino bayithengise, ama-hydroponics akuvumela ukuba uthole izimpaphe unyaka wonke futhi ugcine isikhala. Amapulangwe abekwa emashalofini emihlathini engama-3-4.
Amabhule atshalwe kumapuleti akhethekile oboya bamaminerali noma ematsheni, pre-oswakanyiswe futhi othululwe ngesisombululo somanyolo. Isikhala esiphakathi kwabo singama-2 cm, izikhala zemugqa zingamasentimitha amathathu. Ukusuka phezulu, zimbozwe ungqimba lwe-perlite noma i-vermiculite engu-2-3 cm.
Ukukhula u-anyanisi oluhlaza ku-hydroponics, kuyadingeka ukumnikeza izimo ezilungile noma eziseduze
Esontweni elizayo, ukutshala kudinga umthunzi nokuphola. Ngokushesha lapho izimpande ezithuthukile zivele, amahora okukhanya kwemini andiswa afinyelela emahoreni angama-12-14, izinga lokushisa liphakanyiselwa ku-23-25 ° C. Izimpaphe zifinyelela ubude obungama-25-30 cm ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12-15. Njalo qinisekisa ukuthi "i-substrate" ihlala ithambile kancane ngaso sonke isikhathi, uyithulule ngesisombululo somanyolo.
Ividiyo: anyanisi oluhlaza ku-hydroponics
Ekhaya
Ubuchwepheshe bujwayelekile noma bungaphansi kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu. Isibazi sibekwa ezansi engilazini yamanzi noma sitshalwe esitsheni esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-7-10. Noma iyiphi indawo engaphansi komhlaba yezithombo ilungile. Ungasebenzisa futhi ipanishi ejulile ukukhulisa isivuno. Ngaphambi kokuvela, ama-bulbs ahlinzeka ngokushisa (25-30ºС). Lapho nje izimpaphe zikhula zibe ngu-1.5-2 cm ubude, izinga lokushisa lizodinga ukwehliselwa ku-20-23 ° C.
Ukukhula u-anyanisi esitsheni esisodwa kulula kakhulu ukwedlula ezimbizeni eziningana ezihlukile
Amanzi ethangini aguqulwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3, i-substrate iniselwa kabili ngesonto. Ukufaka umquba akudingekile. Zonke izimpaphe ezidingekayo zizotholakala kwisibabule uqobo, zisike imifino, zimane ziyilahle. Akukona isikhathi eside ukulinda isivuno - izimpaphe zokuqala zivele ngesonto noma nangaphambi kwalokho, zifinyelela ubude obudingekayo ngezinsuku eziyi-8 ukuya kwezi-12. Amathangi kufanele agcinwe kude nama-radiator nezinye izinto zokushisa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inhlabathi isheshe idonsa, izimpaphe zikhule kabi.
Uma u-anyanisi esekhulile esekhulile emanzini, qiniseka ukuthi phansi akubathinti ubuso bawo, ngaphandle kwalokho, ukubola kukhula ngokushesha
Ungagcina isikhala ngokutshala u-anyanisi oluhlaza emabhodleleni ngentamo enqunyiwe. Ezindongeni zethangi lamalitha ama-5, kugawulwa izimbobo eziningana ezingama-5-8, kuhlangana ngobubanzi ngamabala. Afakwe ngaphakathi, inhlabathi ithululelwa ebhodleleni, inyathela kahle. Ukunisela ukutshala, uphonsa iziqukathi emanzini.
I-anyanisi ikhula kahle ekhaya naku-sawdust, igcina umswakama isikhathi eside, ivumela ukuthambisa okungu-1-2 kusatshalaliswa. Ngaphambi nje kokuba kwehle, kufanele ziphathwe ngamanzi abilayo noma zimanzi amahora amaningi kusixazululo se-potanganum permanganate yokuthola isifo. I-Sawdust isetshenziswa kanye kuphela: ngemuva kokuvuna, i-substrate ishintshwe ngokuphelele.
Ividiyo: okhula anyanisi oluhlaza on the windowsill
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
I-anyanisi isilimo esingenankinga okufanele usinakekele, kepha akwenzeki njalo ukuqoqa isivuno esiningi semifino. Kwenzeka ukuthi ubhujiswa yizifo nezinambuzane, kepha imvamisa inkinga ukukhetha okungalungile kwesiza sokufika noma ukunakekelwa okungafundile.
Isiko ngokwezigaba alikubekezeleli ukukhuphuka kwe-acid enhlabathini nokusondela kukhula. Ngisho kuyena, ukuba khona kwesibabule endaweni esezansi kuyathandeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ipeni elincanyana, likhubazekile. Lapho ulungiselela imibhede, ufulawa we-dolomite, i-potassium sulfate, i-ammonium sulfate wethulwa emhlabathini.
Ukunisela okwanele kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqaleni kwesikhashana. I-Sprinkling ayifakwa ngokuqinile - lokhu kuvame ukucunula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-peronosporosis. Ukubekwa kwenhlabathi okujwayelekile kwenhlabathi kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kokubola.
Izimpaphe eziphuzi zika-anyanisi zingakhombisa ukuntuleka komswakama kanye nokuntuleka kwe-potassium
Umbala ongewona owemvelo wezimpaphe ufakazela ukushoda kwezakhi ezithile zomzimba:
- I-nitrogen Umbala oluhlaza okotshani noma okhanyayo oluhlaza, izimpaphe ezincane.
- Iphosphorus Izeluleko zezimpaphe eziphephayo futhi ezihudulayo ziba mnyama kancane kancane.
- Potassium Izimpaphe ziy lime noma ziphuzi, njengokungathi zibunjiwe.
- Magnesium Izimpaphe ezimbozwe izindawo ezimhlophe, eziqhekeka kalula.
- Copper. Izimpaphe zombala wotshani obphuzi obekwe embhedeni.
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi mayelana nokukhula imifino ye-anyanisi. Ngisho nomlimi we-novice uzokwazi ukubhekana nalokhu. Into esemqoka ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele. Isiko alibalulekile ekuhambeni, ukulungiselela ukulungiswa nakho akudingi lutho olungaphezu kwemvelo. I-anyanisi eluhlaza ingatshalwa hhayi engadini kuphela, kodwa nasekhaya. Ibuye ikhule ngempumelelo kumasango okugcina izithombo. Indlela ngayinye inama-nuances athile okudingeka uzijwayeze nawo kusengaphambili.
