Omunye amajikijolo owathandayo kakhulu - sitrobheli - akahlali njalo enikeza isivuno esifunyiwe uma ekhulile emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukunambitheka kwalo kuncike ezimweni zezulu.
Ama-Strawberries embhede wensimu abahlupheki kuphela kubo, kodwa nasezifweni, nakubathandi bezithelo zamajikijolo amnandi - izinyoni, amagundane nezinambuzane.
Angifuni nje kuphela ukutshala ama-strawberries amaningi, kodwa futhi nginethuba lokulidla isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka unyaka wonke.
Ama-Strawberry e-greenhouse
Ama-strawberries, njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo segadi, sikhula kahle futhi sithela izithelo ku-greenhouse. Izinzuzo zale ndlela yamajikijolo ezikhulayo ziyabonakala:
- amathuba okudala i-microclimate enhle yokuvunwa okuphezulu;
- kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule emadwaleni, okugcina isikhala;
- ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngezifo ezihlukahlukene futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwandisa isivuno;
- ukuthola ama-strawberries unyaka wonke, noma ukuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuye ngezinhloso zokulima (ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu, ukudayiswa).
Endaweni yokushisa, kulula ukunakekela izitshalo., ngoba ukutshala kungabekwa emafolandeni ezimbizeni noma eziqukathi. Asikho isidingo sokuphumula njalo emhlabathini, okusiza ukugcinwa. Esikhathini sokushisa, ungahlela uhlelo lokunisela lokuzenzekelayo.
Futhi, esakhiweni ongayifunda: indlela yokutshala ama-strawberries ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, izimfihlo zokutshala ama-strawberries ku-greenhouse usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Dutch kanye nobuqili bama-raspberries akhulayo ku-greenhouse unyaka wonke.
Izinhlobo
Uhlaka
Kufanelekile kulabo abafuna ukuthola isivuno sokuqala. Ngokuvamile uhlele izithombo zokugcina elimbozwe nge-foil. Izinzuzo zabo zingukuthi azibizi futhi zingasuswa kalula futhi zifakwe kalula. Ukungahambi kahle ukuvikelwa kweqhwa elibi. Izithombo zokugcina ezinjalo azifanelekile ukulima wonke ama-strawberries unyaka wonke.
I-Glass
Lena inketho evumelana ngokuphelele. ukuhlela ama-sitrobheli emasimini. Izithombo ezinkulu zezithelo zisebenzisa kahle lolu hlobo lokushisa okuluhlaza.
Zingasetshenziswa ukufaka izinhlelo zangaphakathi zokushisa, ukudala ukukhanyisa okudingekile nokusebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene asebenzayo ezobuchwepheshe ukuze kube lula ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo (izinhlelo zokugqugquzela ukuchelela kanye nokukhulelwa).
Ukungalungi kokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu ukwinkimbinkimbi kokwakhiwa - isidingo sokubeka isisekelo, usayizi othakazelisayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ne-fragility yeglasi. Inzuzo yalesi sakhiwo ingacatshangwa ukuthi ihlala njalo.
I-Polycarbonate
I-Polycarbonate - Izinto zokwaziswa zanamuhla, ezenza kube lula ukuphila kwabalimi futhi zithandwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izitshalo ezakhiweni zensimu. Kuphelele ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo. ngaphansi kwemibhede yase-strawberry.
Kuyinto engalungile izindleko ezinkulu kunalokho, kodwa ngeke isetshenziswe unyaka owodwa.
Inzuzo yalokho kubamba ukushisa kunokwenzeka ukuthi kudala izimo ezidingekayo zokuthola isitshalo (kanye nesibamba sokushisa ingilazi).
Ekhululekile kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa I-Polycarbonate greenhouse ibhekwa njengokutshala ama-strawberries nganoma yisiphi isilinganiso. Abakhiqizi bokuqala baqhubeka benqaba ingilazi, bakhetha i-polycarbonate eguquguqukayo, ehlala njalo futhi ehlala njalo.
Ukushisa ekhaya
Kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule isivuno esincane se-strawberries emndenini wakho, ngisho nasendlini. Ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe beDutch. Igumbi elisendlini, i-loggia evuthayo, ngisho negaraji lifanelekile ukulima.
Igumbi ngokwalo lizobe seliba yi-greenhouse, okumele kuqala lifakwe ukukhanya okukhethekile. Okufanayo kusebenza egaraji, lapho ngaphezu kokukhanya okungeziwe kufanele kube khona Ukushisa. Ukudala i-greenhouse ye-strawberries ekhulayo ekhaya akulula futhi ngeke kudingeke izimali ezinkulu zezimali.
Ukuthuthukisa imishini
Imibhede
Imibhede yaseJalimani ingenziwa yendabuko - phansi. Futhi kungenzeka ukufaka ama-racks ngamathrekhi ambalwa ukuze ukufinyelela kwabo kulula futhi kube lula. On the amashalofu ama-strawberries asetshalwe emabhokisini ngabanye noma eziqukathi.
Kucatshangwa kukhululekile Indlela yaseDutch yokulima - emibhedeni yokulenga noma emabhokisini angenalutho.
Ukushisa
Uma uhlela ukutshala ama-strawberries unyaka wonkei-greenhouse kufanele ibe ukufutheka. Eningizimu, ama-biofuels angasetshenziswa.
Ezindaweni eziphakathi nasenyakatho akwanele, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufaka uhlelo lokushisa okuhlala unomphela.
Kungaba imibhede efuthe ngezansi, uhlobo "phansi efudumele" yezitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekwakhiweni kwenhlobonhlobo yokushisa okushisayo ngaphansi kwemibhede, kusetshenzwa amapayipi, lapho amanzi ashisayo anikezwa khona ngenkathi ebandayo.
Ukushisa umoya kuphakanyisiwe amanzi okushisa wesifunda.
Ukukhanyisa
I-Glass ne-polycarbonate zokugcina izithombo zilungile ngoba kulula ukwenza ukukhanyisa kagesi kunefilimu. Lapho ukhula ama-strawberries ngesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika, njalo kudinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe, ukuze uthole isivuno I-Fitolamp iyadingeka.
Izinhlelo zokunisela
Ngempela, ungasebenzisa isikhathi ekutheni amanzi. Futhi ungawasebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Izindlela ezilula zokuwayeka kanye nezinhlelo ezizenzekelayo zezobuchwepheshe zindaba yokulima.
Ukunisela ukuchelela ikuvumela ukuba ulondoloze ngokuphawulekayo amanzi bese ulondla ezitshalweni ihlelwe ngemali edingekayo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlelo ezitholakalayo, futhi ungakwenza ngokwakho.
Ukuze kuphule ukuchelela, ukutholakala kwamanzi okuzinzile okuyi-site kubalulekile. Uma indlu yokushisa isungulwa kwisayithi yendlu yangasese enokuhlala unomphela, le nkinga ixazululwa kalula.
Amasistimu okunisela okuzenzekelayo kufanelekile ukufaka ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ukulima iberry. Ihlawula kanye nakho konke okutshalwa kwebhizinisi.
Ukuphumula
Ama-air vents, noma, ngokusobala, amaqabunga ewindi kufanele adingeke. Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, kufanele banikezwe ophahleni nasezindongeni zokugcina.
I-fanning ventilation ilungile kuphela ezinqolobaneni zokugcina ezincane. Ngezinye izikhathi akwanele, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esizolile.
Uma kunjalo izindawo ezinkulu, kufanelekile ukufakwa kwe-ventilation okuzenzakalelayo. Izindlela zokulawula isimo sezulu zanamuhla ngezixhobo zobuchwepheshe zigcina ngokuzenzakalelayo imodi yokushisa enhle ngokulondoloza futhi ukusabalalisa abalandeli.
Ukufinyelela okulula
Lesi esinye sezimo ezibalulekile. Isikhala sangaphakathi se-greenhouse kufanele kuhlelwe ukuze ukwazi ukufinyelela kalula kunoma iyiphi indawo, ikakhulukazi uma ama-strawberries etshalwe enhlabathini emibhedeni yendabuko. Ububanzi bawo abufanele kudlulele ku-0.7-1 m.
Ukuphakama kwamashalofu asetshenziselwa ukuphakama komuntu ozokwenza ukunakekela okuyinhloko ama-strawberries.
Kuyinto elula ukuhlukanisa indawo ku-greenhouse (isibonelo, indawo encane) lapho okudingeka khona ukugcinwa kwesondlo kuzogcinwa.
Isithombe
Ungabonakala uzibonele ngezindlela eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe bokukhula kwe-sitrobheli ku-greenhouse eyakhiwe ngezandla zakho esithombeni ngezansi:
Indawo
Esiqhingini, indawo yokushisa kufanele ibe yindlala, hhayi inhlamba (i-lowland ayifanele) futhi ingekho kude nendlu. Eduzane Akufanele kube khona izakhiwo nemithilapho isithunzi singawela phezu kokushisa okushisa.
Ukwakha ukushisa okushisa eduze kwendlu kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa. Kulula futhi eshibhile ukuqhuba ukuxhumana kuwo - amanzi kanye negesi. Abanye balimi ngokuvamile balinamathisela endlini. Ngenkathi ebandayo, ungangena esitheni sokushisa ngaphandle kokuya ngaphandle.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse yokutshala ama-strawberries unyaka wonke
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwakhiwa, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngemininingwane encane kakhulu yesakhiwo sangaphakathi nokwenza imidwebo. Lokhu kulandelwa ukubalwa kwesamba semishini yokwakha kanye nezimali ezizosetshenziswa kuwo.
Isisekelo
Capital abamba ukushisa kudinga isisekelo esihle. Isisekelo sokwakhiwa kwalokhu. Kungaba yi-tape noma i-columnar. Ngokuvamile kaningi isisekelo sokuqhafaza.
- umsele kumele ugcwaliswe ngesihlabathi esingama-20 cm ngaphasi komhlabathi bese uqhathaniswa ngokucophelela;
- i-formwork emgodini ifakwe 20 cm ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi futhi ihanjiswe nxazonke nge-bar yensimbi noma ukuqiniswa;
- ngakho-ke i-mandrel eqinisekisiwe igcwele ukhonkolo;
- emkhakheni we-abamba ukushisa phezu kwekhonkri ethululiwe izitini emgqeni owodwa. Kuyoba lula ukunamathisela uhlaka lokwakha;
- ubeke izitini ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi okuvela ezintweni zokuphahla.
Uhlaka
Hlela ama-Rack kungenziwa kusuka kuphrofayili yensimbi ene-50 x 40 mm. Zihlanganiswe ngamabhotshi amahange okulingana ngamakhilomitha alinganayo komunye nomunye. Uzodinga i-profile rack bese uqondisa.
Ama-rack ayenziwe ayenziwe nge-rack profile, ingxenye enezingqimba zefreyimu - kusukela kusiqondiso. Phakathi kwabo, baxhunywe yizikulubo noma i-riveting.
Zonke izingalo kumele ziqiniswe. izakhi ezingunxantathu. Lokhu kuzokwenza isakhiwo sibe namandla.
Ukugqoka
Isigqoko esiwusizo kakhulu i-polycarbonate. Ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kunconywa ukuthi kwakhiwe izithombo zokugcina eziqondile ngophahla lwamahlathi. Iqiniso liwukuthi nge-large arc arc, le nto ilahlekelwa kancane kancane ukuhamba kwayo, okubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni ama-strawberries.
Kunconywa i-Polycarbonate 6 mm thick. Isayizi elungele iseli lingama-75 x 75 cm. Ukufakwa kwe-greenhouse kuncike ekutheni i-polycarbonate ihleli kanjani. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukhuphuka:
- Fasting with pads. Ekuhlanganiseni kwezinto ezifakwe kuhlaka kufaka imikhakha ye-rubber. AmaSpredishithi afakwe kuwo. Umshini wensimbi uphezulu phezulu futhi uvikelekile ngezikuluzi. Izihlalo zingafakwa ngokungeziwe nge-sealant.
- Ukugcizelela nge-H-profile. Indlela yokunamathiswa iboniswe kumanani.
Amalungu okumbumbulu avaliwe ngamakhonkethi futhi asindiwe nge-raber or sealant.
Ihlala nje ukuze wenze i-vents iphinde ifake umnyango - futhi ukushisa okushisa kulungile.
Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokwakha i-greenhouse ngezandla zakho kuvidiyo engezansi:
Inhlanhla nokuvuna okuhle!
