Akulula kakhulu ukukhulisa izaqathe ezinhle. Kubhekisela ezitshalweni ezikhula kancane, yingakho ezimeni zezulu ezomile zingamane zinyamalale engadini. Futhi uma uwahlwanyela ngobuningi, khona-ke uma kwenzeka kuba nesimo sezulu esihle, kunalokho, kuyodingeka ukuthamba okuningi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo zokuhluma okusheshayo kwezinhlamvu imbewu futhi uyihlwanyele uma kungenzeka kungenjalo kakhulu.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi nemibhede
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukulungiselela imibhede yezaqathi, udinga ukwazi izici eziphambili zobuchwepheshe bayo bezolimo, ikakhulukazi:
- izaqathe kufanele zikhule elangeni: noma emthunzini oyingxenye umkhiqizo wawo uncishiswa kakhulu;
- izimbangela ezinhle kakhulu zekherothi zingamakhukhamba, amazambane, iklabishi, ugalikhi, kanye nomanduleli ofanele nomakhelwane engadini kungu-anyanisi;
- musa ukutshala izaqathe ngemuva kweparsley, dill, celery, futhi futhi emva izaqathi ngokwazo;
- ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala, ungahlwanyela izaqathi ngesikhathi sokuqala, futhi nangaphambi kobusika, kepha ukuze ugcine ubusika udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo sekwephuzile, bese uhlwanyela imbewu yazo kuphela uma sekufudumele: hhayi ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Lapho ukhetha inhlabathi, kufanele wazi ukuthi izaqathi zithanda ukugcwala kwesihlabathi okulula noma i-loam. Ingakhula esihlabathini, kepha enhlabathini enobumba, izimpande zezitshalo ziba zincane futhi zimbi. Uma inhlabathi isindayo, ilungiswa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, ingenisa isihlabathi esikhulu somfula, i-peat kanye nomquba ojikeleze kahle. Indawo kufanele ibe isicaba, ngaphandle kokhula, imbiwe kabili: ekwindla futhi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
Ukushintshanisa isanqante kanye nemibhede ye-anyanisi, kulwa ngempumelelo anyanisi nezimpukane zekherothi
Ngesikhathi sokumba ekwindla, umquba ufakwa emhlabathini, kepha awukho umquba omusha. Ukusuka kumquba, izitshalo ezimpande ezineziqongqo eziningi, okuncane okufana nekherothi yakudala, kuzotholwa, kuzoba nzima ukuthi uzisebenzise, futhi ngeke zigcinwe kahle. Ekwindla baletha i-humus yakudala (1 m ibhakede2) nelitha likwazi ngomlotha wokhuni. Kepha okungcono kakhulu, uma noma i-humus yethulwa ngonyaka ngaphambi kwama-izaqathi: ukhukhamba, amazambane noma iklabishi. Ngqo ngaphansi kwezaqathi, kuzokwanela ukwengeza umlotha futhi, mhlawumbe, umgquba omncane wezimbiwa (ngokwesibonelo, 20-30 g we-azofoska nge-1 m2). Endabeni yenhlabathi ene-acidic, kufakwa idlanzana lekhiyasi, ufulawa owugqinsi noma ufulawa we-dolomite.
Ukumba okwakudala kwekwindla komhlaba kukumba kungaphuli izigaxa, ukuze ebusika inhlabathi iqine kangcono, izinambuzane nembewu yokhula iyafa, futhi umswakama weqhwa ubanjwa kangcono entwasahlobo. Le ndlela ayilungele kakhulu imibhede yekherothi: idinga inhlabathi evulekile kakhulu. Vele, ukucubungula kokugcina kuzokwenziwa entwasahlobo, kepha uma kulindeleke ukuthi ukuhlwanyela kusenesikhathi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukugaya ukwakheka kwenhlabathi esele ekwindla.
Ukusetshenziswa kwenaliti, isaldust noma izinaliti ezihlanganisiwe, kanye nesihlabathi esitshuliwe, kusiza ukukhulula inhlabathi.
Ngentwasahlobo, lapho nje inhlabathi ivumela ukuthi isebenze, kufanele ichithwe ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi (1 tbsp.spoon ebhakedeni lamanzi), emva kwalokho kufanele iphinde ibiwe futhi ihambe nanoma yimuphi umlimi. Ngemuva kwalelo lifomu. Ezindaweni ezomile, azikhuliswanga, futhi lapho imvula ivame khona, ama-ridge aphakeme ngo-20-25 cm. imigqa ebanzi kune-1.0-1.2 m.
Ibanga phakathi kokutshala izaqathe
Ngokuqondene nesikimu sokutshala izaqathe, ngokuqinisekile singakhuluma kuphela ngamabanga aphakathi kwemigqa. Imisele ngesikhathi sokutshala kuhlelwa kusuka ku-15-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, ukuyibeka ngaphesheya kwemibhede: lokhu kulula ngokwengeziwe kusuka endaweni yokubuka ukhula nokukhulula. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbewu lingagcinwa kuphela endabeni yembewu ethengisiwe: amagreyi anjalo makhulu impela, angahlwanyelwa ngawodwana. Kulokhu, phakathi kwembewu ishiya u-7 cm cm.
Uma imbewu ijwayelekile, noma uzama kangakanani, kuzoba nzima ukwenza ngaphandle kokuncipha, siyozama nje ukuyitshala ngendlela elula. Ngokufanelekile, ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokuvuna okugcwele, phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele kuhlale ku-10-15 cm. Kepha kulo lonke ihlobo sizokhipha izaqathe ngokudla njengoba kudingeka! Ngakho-ke, ukuhlwanyela kufanele kube kaningi.
Ngaphambi nje kokuvunelwa kwekwindla, izitshalo zezimpande zabantu abadala akufanele ziphazamisane; lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kuhlwanyelwa imbewu kanye nokuncipha okulandelayo kwezithombo
Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi wenze isephulelo yokuthi ukuhluma ngeke kube yi-100%. Ngakho-ke, uma ukuhlwanyelwa kokuqala kwenziwa ukuze phakathi kwezimbewu ezisele ngo-2.0-2.5 cm, lokhu kuhle. Hlwanyela ekujuleni okungama-1.5-3.0 cm, ngokuya ngobuningi bomhlaba kanye nesimo sezulu: Ukuhlwanyelwa komhlaba ezindaweni eziwomile kungaholela ekufeni kwembewu kusuka kwisomiso, futhi ekujuleni kwenhlabathi esindayo - kwenze kube nzima ukuthi imbewu iqhume.
Ukulungiswa kwembewu yekherothi
Imbewu yekherothi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-slow-wited": ihlwanyelwe endaweni eyomile, ikhula isikhathi eside kakhulu: ngisho nasezimweni zezulu elifanele, amahlumela okuqala avela kuphela ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-2-3, nasentwasahlobo yokuqala - emva kwenyanga. Iqiniso ngukuthi ingaphezulu lembewu limbozwe ngegobolondo eliminyene, futhi ukuze ikhiphe noma okungenani ilulame, imbewu kumele ilungiswe.
Ukulinganisa (ukwenqatshwa) kwembewu ngamandla adonsela phansi akuvamile ukubandakanyeka. Imbewu incane, miningi yayo, futhi uma, ngokwesibonelo, ukhukhamba noma utamatisi, inyakaziswa emanzini anosawoti ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-5-7 kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi imbewu engezansi izoyntanta futhi enhle izodonsa, ngoba izaqathe le nombolo ayisebenzi: udinga ukugcwala amahora amaningi . Yize kunjalo, ukulungiselela kokuqala kuqukethe ngokuswakama.
Kepha bakwenza ngendlela ehlukile. Imbewu igcinwa ngendwangu emanzi ekushiseni kwegumbi izinsuku ezingama-3-4, ukuyinisa lapho isoma. Lokhu kusheshisa kakhulu ukuhluma, kepha ukumanzisa nje akuyona indlela ephumelela kakhulu. Ungaphatha imbewu ngamanzi ashisayo (kepha hhayi amanzi abilayo, njengoba etholakala kwezinye izihloko!). Ukuzifaka esikhwameni emanzini ezinamazinga okushisa angaba ngu-50 mayelanaC, linda ukupholisa okungokwemvelo kwamanzi.
Kuhle kakhulu ukumila imbewu yekherothi ngokuyisabalalisa ngomoya. Uma umoya ungeniswa emanzini lapho imbewu ibekwa khona, ngamahora angama-8-10 kusuka kumakhompiyutha we-aquarium, igobolondo le-ether lisuswa cishe ngaphandle kokusala, futhi imbewu ngeke ikhule kungakapheli isonto.
Abanye abalimi bamila imbewu, kodwa uma uqala le nqubo, ngeke kube lula ukuyihlukanisa
Imbewu yekherothi ebambekayo mhlawumbe ingcezu yezeluleko ezingenamsebenzi: izithombo zekherothi azesabi isithwathwa, futhi yini ewusizo kumapheya notamatisi, izaqathe azisebenzi.
Ukulungiselela imbewu yekherothi yokutshala kuyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili. Esimweni esinenkinga, kungaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke, kumkhuba wami, angikaze ngazi kusengaphambili ukuthi izaqathe zizophumelela kulo nyaka. Kuvame ukuhlwanyelwa ngoMeyi: Izilimo zika-Ephreli zomswakama enhlabathini zivame ngokwanele ukuhluma, kepha izaqathe zivuthwa kusuka ezitshalweni zokuqala ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho ungasakwazi ukuyifaka emiphongolweni. Futhi ngoMeyi endaweni yethu kuvame ukushisa okungama-30 mayelanaNge hhayi imvula. Ukuhambela izwe ngezimpelasonto kuphela, lokhu kuyingozi yokulima.
Uma imbewu imanzi, iyakubopha, futhi ukushisa nesomiso kuzowachitha. Lokhu kusebenza kunoma yiziphi izimbewu ezincane: i-parsley, i-godetia, i-clarkia, njll, ezingakhi minyaka yonke. Imbewu eyomile ingalala phansi, ilungiselele ngokwemvelo ukubopha kuze kube yisimo sezulu esikahle: ithembeke kakhudlwana. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, lapho kunezinkinga ezimbalwa ngomswakama, imbewu isalungele kangcono ukuhlwanyelwa.
Ividiyo: ukulungiselela imbewu yekherothi yokutshala
Izindlela zokufakelwa
Lapho imbewu ye-carrot ihlwanyelwa, ngeke kwenzeke ukuyenza ngaphandle kokuncipha nakancane. Yebo, lokhu akukubi: kuzoba nemikhiqizo entsha ye- “viga”. Kepha ukuzama ukunciphisa inani lemisebenzi ethatha isikhathi yokudonsa izithombo ezengeziwe, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ugcine kwimbewu, kungenzeka futhi kuyadingeka. Abantu bakithi beze nezindlela eziningi zokwenza lokhu.
Manje okuthengiswayo kunamadivayisi ahlukahlukene njengemishini esebenzayo. Kuyinto elula ukuyisebenzisa, imigqa ibuye, ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu yilokho okudingayo, ukujula kokuhlwanyela kuyafana. Kuyinto elula futhi elula ukusebenza, kodwa izindleko kuphela eyema, futhi abalimi beza namanye amaqhinga, ezomnotho xaxa.
Ngabe kufanelekile ukuthenga imbewu yedrobhothi
Njengembewu yemifino nezimbali eziningi, imbewu yekherothi iyathengiswa ngokuya ngozankosi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zimbozwe ifektri zimbozwe ngegobolondo elenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuqhuma ngaphansi kwezimo zokuswakama kwenhlabathi yemvelo. Njengoba ubukhulu bamagremu okungenani buyi-2-3 mm, kulula kakhulu ukuwahlwanyela ngokuhlukile, ebangeni elidingekayo. Lokhu kuqeda ngokuphelele isidingo sokuncipha okwalandela. Ubuningi bokuhlwayela obunconyiwe - 3 cm.
Imbewu ehlutshiwe inkulu kakhulu, futhi uma ifiswa, ingahlelwa eyodwa ngasikhathi
Kunengqondo ukuthenga imbewu enjalo? Uma kungekho zinkinga zemali, kunjalo: kulula kakhulu, kuphela kudingeka ukwazi ukunisela insimu zombili ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, futhi kamuva, kuze kuqubuke. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukubhujiswa kwegobolondo ngesikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu kungancipha, bese imbewu ekhubeka, yehluleke ukuqhuma ngayo, izofa. Izaqathe ezinhlanyelweni ezinjengalezi ziphuma cishe njengembewu ejwayelekile, ezinsukwini eziyi-15 kuya koku-20 emva kokuhlwanyela
Ukuhamba Ngethayile
Enye yezindlela ezisebenzayo futhi ezingokomnotho ukuhlwanyela izaqathe ethepheni. Kwesinye isikhathi basebenzisa amakhasethi anamathelayo kasayizi odingekayo, kepha isikhathi eside omama bethu beza nomqondo wokuhlwanyela imbewu ephepheni lasendlini yangasese. Njengoba sebelungiselele itayiphu enjalo kusengaphambili, kusihlwa isikhathi eside sasebusika, entwasahlobo bayibeka ku-groove engaba ngu-3 cm ukujula, bayithulule kakhulu bese beyimboza ngenhlabathi.
Ukunamathela imbewu ephepheni kuwumsebenzi obuhlungu kepha othembekile
Imvamisa egxishwe emhlabathini imbewu yetephu ngebanga elingamasentimitha ayi-2,2,5.Ukwenza lokhu, usike isiqeshana sephepha: ubude bawo bukhethwa bulingana nobude bemibhede ehlongozwayo. Bapheka unamathisela wesitashi ojwayelekile, baletha i-boric acid encane kuwo (ingcosana nge-1 litre yesisombululo). Ngemuva kokubeka iphepha etafuleni, kunamathiselwa isigaxa endaweni yokudonsa ezindaweni ezifunwayo futhi imbewu ibekwe ngokucophelela kula madonsi. Ngemuva kokumiswa, hlonga iphepha ngobumnene bese uligcina kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Ukushintshwa kwendlela kuhlwanyelwa imbewu emaphepheni. Konke kuyafana, kepha bathatha ama-napkin osayizi ofanele futhi basebenzise ukunamathisela kokunamathisela emigqeni eminingana, ngebanga phakathi kwemigqa engu-15-20 cm. Kungenzeka ngokulandela elinye icebo, 5 × 5 cm, kuye okuvumeleka kalula.
Vele, uma usebenzisa le ndlela, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ukuhluma kwembewu kuzosondela ku-100%, ukuze umsebenzi ungachithi, futhi kungabikho "amabala aphansi" embhedeni. Udinga ukusebenzisa imbewu enokwethenjelwa kuphela.
Ividiyo: ukutshala irali ngembewu yekherothi engadini
Ukuhlwanyela nesihlabathi
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yekherothi, njenganoma iyiphi enye imbewu encane, sekuyisikhathi eside kwenziwa ngesihlabathi. Konke kulula kakhulu: imbewu "ihlanjululwe" nganoma yisiphi isamba esifanelekile sesihlabathi esihle. Isibonelo, cishe ilitha elilodwa lesihlabathi lithathwa kwisipuni se-dessert yembewu (cishe inani elifanayo manje selifakwa kwiphakeji) (umlimi ngamunye unengxenye yakhe). Kubalulekile ukuthi isihlabathi sihlanzekile futhi somile, ngoba okubaluleke kakhulu ukuxuba izithako kahle ukuze ukusatshalaliswa kwembewu esihlabathini kube yunifomu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona ongakhetha kukho. Abanye abathandi bahlwanyela le ngxube ngesimo esomile, kanti abanye bathambisa kancane bese behlakaza “uginindela” ezindaweni ezishiwoyo. Ngokubona kwami, ukuhlwanyela ingxube eyomile kulula kakhulu futhi kungokwemvelo. Kukuyiphi indawo yombhede okudingeka ufafaze kuyo le ngxube elungiselelwe, ungamane uyifunde emaphaketheni ngembewu.
Imbewu yekherothi icishe ingabonakali esihlabathini, bese ukuhlwanyela kuphenduka kube ukuhlakazeka kwesihlabathi kuphefumula
Inamathisela nganamathisela
Ukunamathisela kwenziwa kusuka kubhatata (noma ummbila) isitashi noma ufulawa kakolweni, kwenze kube noketshezi. Isibonelo, ku-1 tbsp. thatha 1 litre lamanzi abandayo ku-isipuni sefulawa, ulethe ku-thumba ngokuvusa futhi kupholile ku-30-35 mayelanaC.
Lapho uvusa umfudlana omncane, imbewu ithululelwa ku-paste efudumele (kungenzeka ukupakisha imbewu nge-1 litre yokunamathisela), hlanganisa kahle, udlulisele kwisithonjana esincane sokuthambisa ngaphandle kwe-strainer noma ku-kettle bese uthele inhlanganisela kuma-grooves emvula alungiselelwe ngesilinganiso sokugeleza esibaliwe sokuqala.
Njengasesihlabathini, imbewu kufanele isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ku-unama.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yekherothi esikhwameni
Ukuhlwanyela "esikhwameni" kuyindlela ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisa ukuvuvukala okungokwemvelo kwembewu nokuxutshwa kwesisindo ngokunameka noma ngesihlabathi. Esikhwameni esenziwe ngendwangu yemvelo noma nge-gauze, imbewu ingcwatshwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo emhlabathini ijule kuze kube ngu-15 cm, yenze umaka eduze kwayo. Izinsuku eziyi-10-15 enhlabathini enomswakama, imbewu iyavuvukala bese iqala ukuqandeka. Ngalesi sikhathi, kugaywa isikhwama bese imbewu ithululelwa endishini.
Esitsheni, imbewu ixubene nesihlabathi kanti inhlanganisela ihlwanyelwa egreyini elichitheke kahle: Imbewu enamathela kumele idinga umswakama, izohluma maduze nje, kungakapheli isonto. Esikhundleni sesihlabathi, ungathatha isitashi: kukhona ukuguqulwa kwendlela ngesitashi esomile, futhi kukhona noketshezi; endabeni yokugcina, imbewu ayihlwanyelwanga empeleni, kodwa "ithululelwe" embhedeni.
Ividiyo: ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala esikhwameni
Isirinji njengethuluzi lokuhlwanyela izaqathi
Kuyathengiswa kukhona "abatshali" bendabuko elula yembewu yekherothi. Yimikhumbi yepulasitiki enedivayisi ye-metering etholakala ezansi. Lapho i-piston icindezelwa, kancane kancane imbewu iyakhanywa esitsheni.
Eqinisweni, umgadi othengwayo ufana nesirinji ejwayelekile
Njengoba ucingo lubiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-100-150, abalimi bavame ukusebenzisa isirinji esetshenzisiwe yale njongo, esebenza kahle. Kubalulekile ukuthi ububanzi bokukhishwa buhambelana nosayizi wembewu: umthamo wesirinji uthathwa u-10-20 ml.
Ukuhlwanyela izaqathe besebenzisa amathreyi amaqanda
Lapho usebenzisa amakhadibhodi e-amakhadibhodi noma epulasitiki, indawo yezimbobo embhedeni iba yunifomu, evame ukusetshenziswa ngabalimi lapho behlwanyela imifino ehlukahlukene. Ithanga licindezelwa kancane enhlabathini evulekile, lapho lizishiya khona izimbobo zokujula okudingekayo. Kulezi izimbobo futhi sihlwanyele imbewu. Imvamisa, le ndlela isetshenziswa lapho kuhlwanyelwa ama-radish, kepha kumakherothi, ukwamukelwa akukubi. Abalimi abaningi bahlwanyela imbewu emibili emgodini ngamunye, bese bekhipha ezinye izithombo.
Imvamisa, itreyi isetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokumaka
Ukushintshwa kwendlela yinketho lapho kunamathreyi amaningi angadingekile akhona. Ngemuva kwalokho kwenziwa umgodi omncane esitokisini ngasinye (ukuze kube lula ukuhluma), bese kuthi kunoma iyiphi itafula elilula, inhlabathi ithululelwe kuwo wonke amaseli bese imbewu ihlwanyelwa kuzo. Emva kwalokho, amatholeyi abekwa embhedeni wegadi futhi ashiywe kuze kuvunwe.
Ukunakekelwa kwekherothi
Uma izaqathe ziqhume kahle, ukunakekela kulula. Kubalulekile ukugcina umswakama ofanele womhlaba ngaphambi nangemva kokuvela, ugweme ukoma nokuphuma komhlabathi. Uma kungenzeki ukuhlwanyela ngokulinganayo, ngokuvela kwamaqabunga eqiniso okuqala, ukuthambisa kokuqala kwenziwa, kushiya amasentimitha angama-2-3 phakathi kwezitshalo. Ukuphonsa okwesibili ngemuva kwamanye amasonto ama-3: izitshalo ezikhishwe zingafakwa isobho ngokuphelele.
Ukuchelela njalo izaqathi kuyadingeka: inhlabathi kumele ibe nomswakama ngokulinganayo okufika ku-30 cm. Kuphela kusukela kuphela kokuphela kuka-Agasti kuncishisiwe, futhi amasonto ama-3 ngaphambi kokuvunwa kwezimpande, ayamiswa. Ukulima inhlabathi nokulawula ukhula kubalulekile kulo lonke ihlobo. Isikhathi sokuqala bondla izaqathe ekuqaleni kwehlobo, owesibili - emva kwezinye izinyanga ezi-2. Ukwakhiwa kokugqokwa okuphezulu kungumlotha wezinkuni (ingilazi ebhakedeni lamanzi) noma i-azofoska (izipuni eziyi-1-2 ngebhakede).
Impumelelo ekukhuleni izaqathe incike kakhulu ekutshaleni okufanele. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi futhi, uma kungenzeka, kukancanyane.Ngokutshala okugqinsiwe, ukuthamba okuvamile kuyadingeka, futhi ukungaphuthelwa isikhathi esibekiwe salo msebenzi kuthinta kabi ukukhula kwezitshalo.
