- Uhlobo: iConifers
- Isikhathi Sezimbali: Meyi, Juni
- Ukuphakama: 100-7000cm
- Umbala: luhlaza
- Okungenasisekelo
- Ubusika
- Unamahloni
- Ukuthanda
Izitshalo ezivela emndenini we-cypress kudala zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ubuhle bendawo yasemadolobheni nezindawo ezingaphansi kwedolobha. Uthando olukhethekile lwabahlali basehlobo lujabulela i-thuja encomekayo - isitshalo esihle esivumelana nokuhlala isikhathi eside, esihlukaniswa ukwakheka kwamaqabunga angajwayelekile futhi silungele ukwakha uthango nezindawo zokuhlala. Cabanga ukuthi kungani ukusatshalaliswa kwe-thuja ngokusika kuthanda kakhulu futhi yini imithetho yokunakekelwa kwesitshalo.
Ngaphambi kokufunda ngokuqhubekayo, siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo:
Yini indlela engcono yokuzalela thuja?
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuzalela i-thuja:
- imbewu elungisiwe;
- ukusika (amahlumela);
- izithombo ezilungele ukutshala.
Ungahlola izindlela ezahlukahlukene isikhathi eside, kepha kunoma yikuphi, uzogxila kokunengqondo kakhulu futhi okusebenzayo - ukukhiqiza kabusha usebenzisa ukusika.
Khula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni: yinde futhi inzima
Kungani kungeyona inkambiso ukukhulisa thuja kusuka enzalweni? Kulula: ukuze isithombo ukuthi sikulungele ukutshala endaweni evulekile, kuzothatha iminyaka emi-5, ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho sikhula, umuthi uzolahlekelwa yizo zonke izinhlamvu zazo eziguqukayo bese uphenduka isitshalo sasendle esivamile. Ukuhlanganiswa okuwukuphela kokulungiselela okuphezulu kokutshalwa kwezithombo kwezimo zasendaweni, ezikhulayo.
Imbewu yeThuja ayithobeki emhlabathini, kepha ekutshaleni kungcono ukusebenzisa inhlabathi evundile nenempilo, enengxube yesihlabathi, inhlabathi ehlanganayo nenamaqabunga.
Ngokutshala, sikhetha imbewu eqinile enempilo eseyilale isikhathi sobusika ngaphansi kweqhwa, ngoba inqubo yokuhlehla iyazishisa futhi izilungiselela ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ezimeni zezulu ezinje. Entwasahlobo sibeka imbewu emabhokisini enomhlabathi onempilo, ufafaze ungqimba lomhlaba oluhlanganiswe ne-coniferous sawdust. Izithombo ezincane kufanele zibhekwe ngokucophelela: ukumboza kusuka elangeni eliqondile, emsulwa ukhula, kuminyiswe njalo, kondla ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo. Futhi ngonyaka wesihlanu kuphela, izithombo ezikhulile zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
I-Thuja kusuka ukusikwa - indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke
Abahlali abanamava ehlobo bayazi ukuthi iningi lamaConiferi akhiqiza kabusha ngokusika kahle ngokusika. Phakathi kwazo kunezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene zejuniper, i-fir, uphayini - okungukuthi, izitshalo ezizizwa zimnandi kakhulu ngisho nakulesi simo sezulu esishisayo saseNyakatho. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi lapho usabalalisa ngokusika izihlahla, izihlahla zilondoloze okungokwazo ezinhlobonhlobo ezithile.
U-Ephreli uvame ukukhethwa ukuhlukanisa amahlumela. Ukusika okuhle kutholakala emahlumela okukhula kweminyaka engama-2-3, kusuka phezulu komqhele. Kungcono ukungasebenzisi umgodi wokuthena, kodwa zama ukukhipha udoti ngesandla. Ubude bengxenye etholakalayo bungamasentimitha angama-20. Lapho udabula ngasekupheleni kwesihlahla, kuzosala ucezu lwenkuni lonyaka odlule, “isithende” esincane esinezakhi zomzimba. NgoJuni futhi kufanelekile ukuqoqa izinto zokutshala, lapho lesi sitshalo sibhekene nesikhathi sokukhula sesibili, kodwa isivuno sikaJuni sizobe sesilungile isikhathi esizayo, ngoba simane 'silale' ngonyaka wamanje.
Izinaliti kanye namahlumela amancane avela phansi kwezisikiwe kufanele zisuswe ukuze zihlangane nomhlabathi omanzi noma isihlabathi, ukubola kungenzeki
Ukubulala amagciwane amahlumela amasha, uwagcobhoze imizuzu embalwa kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese, bese ucwilisa usuku kuKornevin noma isivuseleli sokukhula esifanayo.
Ngokutshala, amabhokisi anesihlabathi somfula noma ingxube yesihlabathi nomhlabathi wegadi, obekwe kwi-limbo, afanelekile (abekwe njengenketho ezitini, ematsheni, emabhodini). Sigcwalisa phansi kwamabhokisi ukuze amanzi agele kalula futhi angahambi, futhi umoya-mpilo uhlinzekwa njalo ezimpandeni. Ngemuva kwalokho sibeka ungqimba lwe-drainage lamatshe amatshe amahle. Isihlabathi ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kungcono ukubilisa ebhakedeni noma ethangini eligayiwe, bese ucwilisa ngesixazululo esingu-3% we-potanganum permanganate. Sijula ukusika ngo-1.5-2 cm kuphela, sihlanganise umhlabathi ngokucophelela bese ufaka emanzini. Siyaqiniseka ukuthi emva kokunisela ngakunye okwalandela, amanzi awahlambi inhlabathi, futhi isiqu sihlala sisendaweni.
Ngezithombo zasehlobo noma zobusika ezikhula ngo-thuja, amabhokisi nezimbiza zezimbali ezijwayelekile zosayizi ofanele kufanelekile - umthamo kufanele ube owanele ukuze izimpande zingagcwele
Igumbi lapho amabhokisi anezithombo zobusika azoba khona ngxi futhi afudumele. Izimpande zethafa lezimbali zenzeka kahle emazingeni okushisa we-18 18º,, endaweni enomswakama. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesithwathwa, ifilimu ebamba ukushisa ingasetjenziselwa ukufaka. Izinyanga ezimbili zokuqala zidinga ukufafazwa nsuku zonke, ezimweni ezishisayo izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Ukuqala kwekwindla yisikhathi sokutshala izithombo ezisikiwe endaweni evulekile embhedeni okhethwe ngokukhethekile noma emabhodweni afakwe ku greenhouse. Izimpande ngalesi sikhathi zifinyelela ku-8-10 cm.Naka inhlabathi - i-thuja ithanda inhlabathi ene-acidified exutshaniswe ne-peat. Ukutshala izithombo kuthatha iminyaka engama-2-3, ukunakekelwa okuncane kuthambisa, kususa ukhula, ukhula njalo.
Ungazikhetha kanjani izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo?
Uma ungenasikhathi, awunasikhathi esanele noma ungeke ulinde ukuhlobisa indawo ezungeze indlu ngezitshalo ezinhle - thola izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo. Kwesinye isikhathi banikela ngezinhlobo ezitshaliwe emakotweni angomakhelwane. Uma ubethemba abathengisi, ungathenga kubo ngokuphepha, kepha kungcono ukuthenga imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme ezinkulisa eziqeqeshiwe. Phakathi kwamakhulu amasampula ungakhetha isitshalo esinempilo, esilukhuni, esingenazifo, esijwayele isimo sezulu sendawo.
Izithombo zomhlengikazi zihlukile ngeminyaka nangosayizi: ungathenga ezincane kunazo zonke futhi "uzilethe" esikhathini sokutshala ngokwakho, noma ungathenga ezinkulu, zilungele umsebenzi wokuhlobisa esizeni
Naka izimo lapho izitshalo zigcinwa khona: ukuthi ngabe izinga lokushisa lanele yini, noma ngabe inhlabathi esezimbizeni iluthambile ngokwanele. Mhlawumbe ukuthambisa okujwayelekile akwenziwa, futhi amasampula athengisiwe athelwa kuphela izinhlobo zezinsuku ngosuku lokuthengisa. Izinaliti kufanele zihlale ziqine, zingakhubeki, zibukeke ziqine futhi ziqinile. Esiqwini namagatsha akumele kube khona amabala, amabala nezinye izimpawu zesifo.
Ngemuva kokuba usuhambise izithombo ekhaya, zama ukuzifaka endaweni enezihlakala namanzi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izici zokutshala kwentwasahlobo emhlabathini
I-thuja engenakungabazeki itholakala ngokuphelele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka engadini ekahle, kodwa abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukutshala i-thuja entwasahlobo, ngaleyo ndlela ibopha isikhathi sokuphila sesitshalo kunewashi lemvelo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, qala ngokubona indawo efanelekile yesitshalo. Lapho usungula iphrojekthi yezwe, khumbula ukuthi i-thuja ithanda izindawo ezinombala omncane. Ezindaweni ezikhanyiswe ngokugqamile, iyaqina futhi kunzima ukubekezelela ukubanda; ezindaweni ezimnyama ikhula kabi futhi ilahlekelwe yizimpawu zayo zokuhlobisa. Umthunzi okhanyayo, indawo evaliwe emoyeni, etholakala eduze kwamanzi asemhlabathini yizici ezinegalelo ekutshalweni okufanele kwe-arborvitae.
Isinyathelo-nesinyathelo-sokufika kwemiyalo
- simbe umgodi ojulile - cishe ama-70-80 cm ukujula nama-90-100 cm ubukhulu ukuze inqwaba yomhlaba enesithombo singene kuwo ngokukhululekile;
- uthele inhlabathi ngomanyolo we-organic phansi komgodi, ngokwesibonelo, ingxube esetshenziswa kaningi - ama-2-3 kg womlotha wezinkuni nge-1 m³ yenhlabathi;
- sibeka isithombo emgodini, sizame ukungalimazi isigaxa sobumba ngezimpande futhi sibeke intamo yezimpande ezingeni lomhlaba;
- hlanganisa inhlabathi engadini ne-peat nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo, ulala, uthambe kalula.
Ukuvumelana phakathi kwezitshalo kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo, njengoba amasiko ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ehluka ngosayizi. Izinhlobo ze-Miniature zibekwe kahle ebangeni elingadluli kumitha eyi-1, enkulu - ukuya kumamitha ayi-5. Ake sithi izinhlobo ze-Brabant zifinyelela kubude obuyi-10-15 m nesilinganiso sobude be-4 m, okungukuthi, ukuze umuthi ukhule ngokuphelele, kudingeka isikhala esiningi. Lapho ukutshala uthango, ngaphandle kokuhlukahluka nosayizi, izitshalo zitshalwa ngesikhala esingu-1 m.
I-Brabant ukutholakala kwangempela kwabaqambi be-landscape. Usebenzisa amasu akhethekile nezinketho zezinwele, ungaguqula ukwakheka kwezitshalo, udale uthango nezingoma ezihlangene
Ngemuva kokutshala, ukuthambisa kanye nokugqoka kokuqala kuyadingeka. Umanyolo wemvelo onjenge-Epin kanye ne-analogues yayo uvame ukusetshenziswa njengamanyolo. Izinto ezakha izishukumisi zisiza izitshalo ukuthi zikhule ngokushesha, zivikele ezifweni. Entwasahlobo, ukondla isikhathi sesibili nge-potassium ne-phosphorus kuyasebenza ngekhefu lezinsuku eziyi-10-14.
Umbuso wokunisela entwasahlobo kuya ngesimo sezulu kanye nenani lemvula. Esikhathini esishisayo nesomile, isitshalo sidinga ukunisela okungenani kabili ngesonto, entwasahlobo epholile - kanye kuphela. Uma inkathi yemvula ina, ukuthambisa okwengeziwe akudingekile.
Cabanga ngamaphuzu amakhulu okukhula kwe-thuja, okudingeka unake ngokukhethekile - ukuchelela, ukugqoka okuphezulu, ukusika nokulungiselela isikhathi sasebusika.
Ukunisela nemodi yokufafaza
Izitshalo zabantu abadala, njengezithombo, zithanda kakhulu indawo enomswakama, futhi kungcono uma amanzi azoqhamuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, hhayi nje enhlabathini. Ukunisela njalo kuyisimo esidingekayo sokugcina isitshalo sisesimweni "esihle somzimba". Inani elanele lomswakama libonakala ngokushesha ekubukekeni kwe-thuja - amagatsha aqhakazeke, kanti izinaliti ziba shiny, zibe nomthunzi ogcwele ngokwengeziwe.
Umbuso omncane wokunisela ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi (cishe ama-10 l) endaweni ye-basal kanye ngesonto, esikhathini esomile - izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto. Esomeni, i-thuja ihlangana ngaso leso sikhathi lapho kungatholakali khona umswakama: ichopho lomqhele liphenduka liphuzi, inani elikhulu lama-cone avele, angahlali ulungele umphumela wokuhlobisa. Isikhathi esihle sosuku sokunisela ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa.
Ukunisela i-thuja, ikakhulukazi izithombo zayo, kufanele kube ngokucophelela kakhulu ukuze ungagezi umhlabathi kusuka endaweni yomsuka wempande, okulelo zinga linye nangaphezulu kwenhlabathi
UThuja uthanda ukufafaza okungaphansi nje kokunisela okuningi - ukufafaza umqhele kwibhodlela lokufafaza noma i-hose nge-nozzle ekhethekile. Amanzi asusa uthuli, ukubukeka kwesihlahla kuvuselelwa, i-thuja iba entsha futhi ihlanzekile, bese kuvela iphunga elimnandi emoyeni. Ungesabi ukufafaza i-thaw futhi, ukuchelela izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngosuku kuhle kuphela kuye.
Ukufaka umquba ngomanyolo
I-Thuja, njengezitshalo eziningi zokuhlobisa, idinga ukondliwa njalo. Iphendula uhlelo lomanyolo ngokukhula okusheshayo (yize i-thuja ingenye yezilimo ezikhula kancane), ubukhazikhazi, umbala obomvu we-needle. Imvamisa yezitshalo ayidingeki, izikhathi ezi-1-2 zanele - ekuqaleni kwesizini noma ehlobo. Ngaphezu komquba wendabuko, kusetshenziswa umanyolo okhethekile wamaminerali we-conifers.
Ukuthambisa ukuthambisa kungabizi kakhulu: isikhwama samagramu ayi-100 we-Fertika umanyolo wamaminerali wokuphakela ama-conifers ehlobo kubiza ama-ruble angama-90-100
Abahlali abanokuhlangenwe nakho ehlobo batusa umkhiqizo weFertika womhlaba wonke wezithelo ezihlala njalo zomakhiqizi waseFinland. "I-apron yasentwasahlobo" ingeniswa emhlabathini lapho kukhululwa - isakazeka endaweni yesiqu futhi igaywe ngokucophelela kanye nengqimba yenhlabathi engenhla. Umthamo - 35-40 g nge-1 m² yenhlabathi. Ihlobo lasehlobo liyancibilika emanzini futhi lusetshenziswe ngenkathi yokunisela.
Umbuthano we-trunk udinga ukuhlanzwa okwengeziwe nokusulwa. Ukuvikela ukhula, gcina umswakama futhi wandise ukuzala, indawo ezungeze isiqu ifakwe umquba noma sawdust. Ngenhloso yokuhlobisa, inhlabathi imbozwe ngamapulangwe enziwe ngokhuni noma ngama-nati.
Ukunquma nokusika
Iminyaka emibili yokuqala, i-thuja kumele ishiywe yodwa ukuyinika impande yokugcina, ukuqapha izinga lokukhula, ukunquma izidingo zayo. Ngonyaka wesithathu, ungaqala ukulungisa umqhele.
Okokuqala, umqhele uyakhululwa emagatsheni omisiwe, avilaphayo ahlupheka ngesikhathi sasebusika, bese benquma ukuthi ngabe ukuncipha okungeziwe kuyadingeka yini: ukulahleka kobunzima kuthinta izakhiwo zokuhlobisa
Kunemithetho eminingana yokulungiswa kahle:
- inqubo eyinhloko yenziwa ngo-Ephreli, bese kuba ehlobo lonke, kuze kufike izinsuku ezipholile, ukwakheka komqhele kulungiswe;
- Isimo sezulu esomile kufanelekile ukusika;
- ngaphambi kokusika, amahlumela owomile noma onesifo kufanele asuswe, futhi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukujikeleza komoya, unciphise isitshalo kancane, unikele amahlumela anempilo;
- ukugcina ukuqina kwefomu lobuciko elikhethiwe, wonke amahlumela wokukhula konyaka kufanele asuswe;
- uma ukukhula kudingekile kuphela ububanzi - sinqume phezulu komqhele.
Indlela yokwenza izinwele ngobuciko iwukunikeza lesi sitshalo isimo esijwayelekile, esijwayelekile kakhulu - ibhola, iphiramidi, ikhiyubhu, ikholamu.
Ngokuvamile kutholakala ezindaweni ezingekho emadolobheni okwenziwa ngayo ukubamba iqhaza kwe-conifers - izinketho eziningana zokuklama ze-thuja ezungezwe izimbali namakhambi okuhlobisa
Izingcweti ezinekhono zikwazi ukuguqula amaConifers abe yizilwane noma izidalwa ezinhle. Abangenalwazi, abahlali abaqala ukuqala ehlobo kufanele baqale ngezingoma ezilula - uthango oluphansi, "amabhola" otshisayo noma amakhasikhisi alula amabili.
I-thuja hedge endlini yezwe yenza imisebenzi eminingi ewusizo: ivikela ikotishi lasehlobo kubavakashi abangamenyiwe, kuyinto yokuhlobisa futhi idonsa umsindo wasemgwaqweni
UThuja ulungiselela ubusika
Esikhathini esiphakathi nendawo esenyakatho neRussia, izinhlobo zasentshonalanga ze-thuja, ezikwazi ukumelana kakhulu nobandlululo, zikhethelwa ukuhlobisa izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba, kepha, kudingeka futhi zilungiselelwe ubusika obubandayo nobunamaqhwa. Ukuthuthuka, yize kuhamba kancane, esikhathini esinzima kunikeza ukuthambisa okuningi ekwindla.
Izihlahla ezincane ezintekenteke eminyakeni yokuqala zidinga ukufakwa okwengeziwe. Njengendwangu yokumboza, kusetshenziswa i-spunbond engalukwanga noma ifilimu eluhlaza obamba ukushisa - ikockeis esobala, ngenkathi kugcina ukushisa, kudlulisa imisebe yelanga edingekayo ukuze ifotosinthesisi. Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathenga izembozo ezikhethekile. Ukuvikela izimpande, sebenzisa amahlamvu awile, ahlanzwa entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuncibilikisa ingaphezulu lengaphezulu.
Kwanele ukuvikela izihlahla ezivuthiwe kuqhwa nomoya onamandla. Ukuze iqhwa lingazibutheli emagatsheni, zidonswa ngobunono esiqwini. I-snow deposits ivumela isikhunta, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyisusa ngendlela efanele.
Uma ufunda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-arborvitae futhi usebenzise ikhono layo ukukhula kancane, uzothola isitshalo esihle sokuhlobisa ama-alleys, ama-rockeries, ama-alpine slide nemibhede yezimbali.
