Izithombo ziyabiza kakhulu namuhla, futhi ama-blueberries ezifundeni eziningi nawo ayivelakancane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhishi athengiwe avela ngobunzima obukhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uthenge izimpande ze-1-2, bese uzikhulisa ngokucophelela, uzisakaze, ngesinye isikhathi ngisho nembewu, ukuthola isitshalo se-berry esinganikeza wonke umndeni ngamavithamini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhula kwezithombo kanye nama-blueberries umbono omuhle kakhulu webhizinisi.
Ukusakazwa kwe-Blueberry ngezinsika
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokusika okusikiwe yishumi leminyaka lokugcina likaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi, kufaka phakathi, lapho ukukhula konyaka kungakahluphi. Umcimbi ungahlanganiswa nokuncipha kwesihlahla samabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Sika amagatsha omqhele aminyene.
Amahlumela ayisigamu esisodwa angena kusikiwe
Ekudubuleni ngakunye, susa izihloko eziluhlaza. Hlukanisa okusele kube yizicucu ezinama-22 wekhaya. Sika amaqabunga angaphansi wonke, ushiye amabili aphezulu kuphela bese uwasika ngesigamu. Ukusikwa okungaphansi kwesibambo kufanele kube bukhali, kube yi-bevel ngakolunye uhlangothi kusuka ekukhuleni kweqabunga elingaphansi.
A - kokusikwa kuthatha ingxenye ephakathi yegatsha eliseceleni. B - ukusikwa kwenziwa nge-angle eyingozi hhayi ukufana nokukhula kweshidi elingaphansi. B - phatha ukusikeka nge-ejenti ye-midzi. G - Ukhipha izigaxa ze-blueberry kutshalwe endaweni eyisisekelo evulekile ne-acidic
Inhlabathi yama-blueberries kufanele ibe ne-pH ene-acid engu-4 kuye ku-5. Lesi sitshalo sidilizwa: i-humus, umquba, umquba kanye nenhlabathi ejwayelekile yensimu, ngoba inokusabela okuncane nokungathathi hlangothi. Isendlalelo esingaphansi komhlaba singakhiwa nge-peat, isihlabathi somfula, imfucumfucu enobumbeko kanye ne-sawdust ebolile kunoma yikuphi ukulingana.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, bamba isiqu ngasinye ku-stimulator yokwenziwa kwezimpande (Kornevin, Heterouxin, Epin, Ecogel nabanye). Tshala emabhokisini ngemigqa (5x10 cm) noma ezimbizeni ezihlukile, ukhulisa isiqu. I-Rooting kufanele yenzeke kumswakama ophezulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphakeme. Hlela i-mini-greenhouse noma i-hotbed. Lapho amaqabunga amancane eqala ukukhula kumakhambi wokusika, lo greenhouse ungadalwa, bese kuthi ngemuva kwesonto kukhishwe ngokuphelele. Ekwindla, inyanga ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, izithombo ezitshalwe kabusha endaweni eyiyo.
Ividiyo: Imiqumbe yokuvuna nokutshala
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa okulele
Entwasahlobo ekuqaleni kwehlobo, khetha amagatsha aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo angabekwa phansi. Uma kungenzeka ukuthi ugobe nje nge-arc, lapho-ke lesi yisithombo sizophuma sibeyodwa nezimpande endaweni yokuxhumana nomhlabathi, futhi uma ukwazi ukugaya emagatsheni amaningi, khona-ke kuzoba nezihlahla eziningana. Indlela elula nethembekile kunazo zonke yokwandisa ama-blueberries nge layering enezingqimba:
- Zama egatsheni endaweni ofuna ukuyigiga ngayo, bese wenza isivalo esijulile (cm cm) emhlabathini.
- Skena uhlangothi lapho igatsha lizothintana khona nomhlabathi, okungenani ngensimbi yomunwe bese luthambisa ngokulungiselela okuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwezimpande.
- Namathisela igatsha emhlabathini ngamakhampasi ocingo bese ufafaza nomhlaba. Uma igatsha lingahambi, ligxotshwa yi-arc futhi lihlangana nomhlaba endaweni eyodwa kuphela, ungalihlikihla futhi ulichoboze ngesitini noma ngetshe. Kunoma ikuphi, ingaphezulu legatsha eligxilile kufanele libe ngaphandle, ngaphezu komhlaba.
- Gcina inhlabathi imanzi yonke ihlobo.
- Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, ungamba igatsha lethu, ulinqume esihlahleni se-uterine lihlukanise libe izithombo. Kodwa ngokuya ngesipiliyoni sabalimi, kuyaziwa ukuthi amagatsha anezimpande ze-blueberries kufanele alinde iminyaka engama-2-3.
Ividiyo: ibangelwa ukubhula nokugawulwa kwendiza
Ukusakazeka kwama-blueberries ngezimpande zezimpande
Ezinye izinhlobo zama-blueberries, njengama-raspberries, zinika amahlumela ezimpande. Kwakhiwa ibanga okungenani lama-30 cm ukusuka esihlahleni esikhulu. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa izithombo ezinjalo entwasahlobo ukuze zibe nesikhathi sokumpunga kahle endaweni entsha ngaphambi kokuwa. Into enzima kunazo zonke ukusika ngokucophelela noma ukusika impande esemqoka exhuma ihlathi lomama kanye nehlumela elincane. Akunjalo, ungaluli ihlumela. Yimbumbe izungeze, uzwele le nhlanganiso uyinqume. Dlulisa isithombo endaweni enaphakade noma endaweni esitsheni ukuze ikhule.
Ividiyo: Igatsha lesithombo eselukhule kusuka kungqimba yezimpande
Imbewu ye-Blueberry
Ukuzala kabusha ngembewu kuyindlela ejabulisa kakhulu, kodwa futhi ethatha isikhathi:
- Imbewu ingathengwa esitolo esisedolobheni lakho, ibhalwe nge-Intanethi, uvune kumajikijolo ongawakho noma owathengile emakethe.
- Inhlabathi - i-acid peat, ingahlanganiswa nesihlabathi sama coar saw saw. Amathebhulethi we-Peat amahle.
- Izinsuku zokuhlwanyela kulula ukubala. Ukuqina kwama-blueberries kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-90, kungakuhle ukuthi uthole izithombo ngoMashi, lapho ilanga liqala ukukhanyisa kahle amawindows ethu. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqala ukusebenza nembewu ye-blueberry ekuqaleni kukaDisemba.
- Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngaphandle kokujula. Imbewu ye-Blueberry incane kakhulu, izithombo azinawo amandla anele okugqekeza ngisho nasemhlabathini oxegayo. Moisten the substrate ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, uma uyinkambisa ngemuva, khona-ke amanzi azodonsa imbewu ngokujule. Ungahlwanyela ebhokisini lezithombo ngemigqa noma imbewu ngayinye kuthebhulethi ye-peat noma ingilazi.
- Mboza izitshalo ngengilazi noma uzisongele esikhwameni sepulasitiki bese ubeka eshalofini elingaphansi kwesiqandisi izinyanga ezintathu. Kanye ngesonto, kuyadingeka ukususa, kukhishwe umoya futhi, uma kunesidingo, ku-moisten.
- NgoMashi, dlulisela izitshalo kukhanyiso efudumele nefudumele. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-1-3, amahlumela kufanele avele. Zikhule njengezithombo ezijwayelekile. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthatha inhlabathi ene-acid ekhethekile kusuka ku-peat ye-dive ngaphandle kokungeza umhlaba, ama-humus nezinye izinto esizijwayele.
Imbewu ye-Blueberry ne-substrate okuxekethile
Ividiyo: Imithetho yokuhlanza esiqandisini nasengadini ngaphansi kweqhwa
Ukusakazwa kwe-Microclonal kwama-blueberries
Izithombo zokuhlolwa kweshubhu sezivele ezitolo zethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibutho labalimi liyakhula, bazi ukuthi ziyini izimbali nokuthi izitshalo zikhula kanjani kuzo. I-Microclonal propagation ukutshala kwesithombo kusuka engxenyeni yezicubu (meristem) yesitshalo somama. Kusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-apist meristems. Amaseli abo ahlukanisa ngokusebenzayo futhi aholele ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo kwamaqabunga, isiqu, izimbali.
Izitshalo ezitholwe yindlela ye-microclonal - eqeshini lezicubu
Uma kungenzeka ukuthi umnikazi womhlaba ojwayelekile akhule ama-blueberries kusuka kuma-cut cut noma amahlumela, le ndlela ibukeka ingenangqondo, iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyabiza. Kuzodinga imishini yokusebenzela kanye nekhambi lezakhi, kanye nalesi sitshalo esithile. Futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa izimo zokushisa eziphezulu nokukhanya okwanele. Ngemuva kokukhula kwe-vitro, izitshalo zijwayele izimo ezijwayelekile, ezingenalo inzalo.
Kodwa-ke, lobu buchwepheshe bukuvumela ukuthi uthole izinkulungwane zezithombo kusuka egatsheni elilodwa, futhi unempilo ngokuphelele futhi uphinda zonke izakhiwo zesitshalo somama. Indlela yokusabalalisa okwenziwe ngengqondo yasakazeka emhlabeni wonke; iyajabulisa abahwebi nezinkampani ezibandakanya ukuthengiswa kwezinto zokutshala.
Ividiyo: izinzuzo zokusakazeka kwe-microclonal kanye nezigaba zayo eziyinhloko
Ama-Blueberries abhekwa njengebhilidi elithembisayo lebhizinisi. Emazweni amaningi, ikhule ngezinga lezimboni. Isibonelo, eBelarus, indawo etshaliwe ingamahektha angama-500, amapulazi angaphezu kwekhulu enza umsebenzi wokufuya. Abalimi be-Belarusian bangathenga izinhlobo ezinde ezingenisiwe nezincane zasendaweni, ngokwesibonelo, ngezithelo ezimhlophe.
Ividiyo: ukuzalanisa ama-blueberries eBelarus
Ukuzalela i-Blueberry kuwumsebenzi othembisayo. Njengoba usuthenge izithombo ezingama-2-3 zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ungagcina ukhule uhlwanyelwa wonke amajikijolo, afuneka kakhulu emakethe. Izindlela ezithandwayo zokusakazeka kakhulu ngokusika nokweluka, futhi amabhizinisi amakhulu amukela indlela ye-microclonal.
