Indlela yokutshala nokukhula raspberries izinhlobo "Firebird"

Ama-Raspberries athandwa yizingane kanye nabantu abadala, mhlawumbe akekho ohlala khona ehlobo ongeke akhule utshani nale berry elimnandi.

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezihlukahlukene zokusajingijolo ngegama elihle elithi "Firebird", izinzuzo zalo nezimfihlo zokulima.

Okuqukethwe:

• Izici zamajikijolo nokuvunwa
• Ukulima kwe-Agrotehnika nokunakekela ama-raspberries
• Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
• Izimo zokuboshwa
• Umhlabathi nomanyolo
• Ukunisela nokuswakama
• Ukukhiqizwa nokutshala
• Ukudubula
• Izinkinga ezikhulayo nezincomo
• Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
• I-grade raspberry ehamba phambili i-Firebird: ukubuyekezwa

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

I-grade remontantny, enconyelwe ukulima ngenhloso yokuthengisa ezimweni ezincane. Abalimi abaningi namapulazi bakhetha ukukhula ngezinhlobo ezihamba kahle, ukuthuthukisa umjikelezo ogcwele wenkathi, ngokumelene nemvelo yangaphandle engalungile.

"I-Firebird" ingamamitha amabili ubude. I-compact bush ene-flexible amahlumela asundu futhi amahlamvu aluhlaza aqoshiwe afuna ukusekelwa. Amahlumela anameva, kodwa ngokungafani nabameleli bezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, lezi zinhlayiya zilula futhi azibambi ubunzima ekunakekeleni isitshalo. Amagatsha asehlathini kahle, ekwakheni amagatsha amasha ezithelo.

Ngeshwa, "i-Firebird" ayifanelekile ukulandelana okunamandla, ngoba ayinayo i-hardiness ebusika obuphezulu. Kodwa lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela ukuthutha futhi kunezinye izinzuzo eziningi, futhi azikho izinkinga eziphawulekayo, ngaphandle kwalowo obonisiwe, walokhu okusajingijolo.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zikaNovost Kuzmina, ihlobo lamaNdiya, amaShy, i-Hercules, uLyashka, i-Brusviana, i-Diamond, i-Khimbo Top, i-Monomakh ne-Orange raspberries raspberries Isimangaliso, iTalekwane, iNqaba, iPatricia, iBryansk Miracle, iVera, iMeteor, iSenator.

Izinzuzo zeBanga:

• ukuzivikela kwezifo kanye nezinambuzane;
• ukumelana namazinga aphezulu okushisa nesomiso;
• lingathela izithelo ngaphandle kwemithi yokuvotela;
• izithelo ezinkulu;
• akukho ukuchithwa kwezithelo uma kuvuthiwe;
• isivuno esikhulu;
• ezihlukahlukene kwesicelo.

Uyazi? Okuthandayo ni-peas ingafaka impova e-raspberries ngisho nasemvula, ngoba imbali yayo ibukeka njalo.

Izici zamajikijolo nokuvunwa

Amajikijolo anesimo se-cone, esinyene, ngokukhanya okukhanyayo, ukuvuthwa, okuba obomvu obomvu. Ngokwesilinganiso, ubude besithelo buvela ku-1.5 kuya ku-2 cm, isisindo - kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-6 amagremu.

Ama-Raspberries amnandi futhi anomuncu, amnandi namnandi. Izinhlobonhlobo zinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ascorbic acid, cishe 45 mg / 100 g, okwandisa izindawo zayo zokuphulukisa.

Ngesitshalo esisodwa kungenzeka ukuqoqa okungaphezu kwamakhilogremu amabili wesitshalo, okungaba ngamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye angamakhulu amathathu ehektheleni.

I-Firebird ihlukile kulolu hlelo lokusebenza:

• intsha;
• jam
• i-jam;
• i-jelly;
• i-marmalade;
• i-marshmallow;
• ukubhaka ukugcwalisa;
• ijusi bese uphawula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, yome futhi iqhwa ebusika.

Funda indlela yokupheka jamu okusajingijolo, ujamu, uthele, i-raspberry iwayini, itiye leqabunga.

Ukulima kwe-Agrotehnika nokunakekela ama-raspberries

Ukukhula okuhlukahlukene kudinga ulwazi nokunakwa. Kusukela lapho, ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwesitshalo kuyoba, ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuncike.

Ukukhethwa kwezithombo

Indlela yokukhethwa kwezithombo zokusajingijolo:

• uhlelo lwempande ye-branched;
• amahlumela okumpande akumele abe owomile;
• Amahlumela obukhulu obuphakathi, angaphansi kwe-1 cm;
• Ukuba khona kwamahlumela amabili kunconywa, ukuphakama akunandaba;
• ukuba khona okungenani izinso ezine.

Ukuphakama kwehlumela akubalulekile, ngoba lapho utshala kufanele usinciphise amagatsha, ushiye ama-15-20 cm. Kubaluleke nakakhulu lapho izinto zokutshala zithengwa khona. Uma uthenga izithombo endaweni yokugcina i-nursery noma i-varietal station, umuntu angaqiniseka ukuthi izinhlobo ezilandisiwe zithengiwe, hhayi enye, futhi nokuthi izinto zokutshala zinekhwalithi ephezulu.

Izimo zokuboshwa

"I-Firebird" ithanda izindawo ezishisayo, zivikelekile ezikhwameni. Ukukhanyisa kudinga wonke amahora omini. Ukuze ugweme ukuthunga izihlahla, kunconywa ukuba ubatshale kusukela enyakatho kuya eningizimu, ugcine ibanga phakathi kwehlathi. Abomakhelwane abahle kakhulu ama-raspberries yi-currants abamnyama nabomvu, ama-blackberries, ama-roses. Ibanga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba avela emhlabathini endaweni kumele kube okungenani amamitha amabili.

Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukutshala ama-raspberries emva kwezitshalo ezinjalo: i-pepper, utamatisi, ama-eggplant, amazambane.

Umhlabathi nomanyolo

Umhlabathi webanga eliphuthumayo udinga okuxekethile, okunomsoco nge-acidity range ka-6-7. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukumba kungenziwa ngokubunjwa okulandelayo kwamamanyolo ngamamitha ayizikwele:

• kuze kube amabhakede amathathu ama-humus;
• 200 g we-potassium sulfuric;
• 200 g we-superphosphate.

Uma ukhula isitshalo udinga ukugqoka ezimbili noma ezintathu ngesikhathi ngasinye. Ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhula kwamahlumela, sebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen, ungathatha ukukhipha umfutho we-mullein (1:10), cishe amalitha amathathu ngendawo yemitha yendawo yokutshala.

I-Phosphorus-potassium complexes inikeza ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela nezithelo. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamaminerali esitshalweni, amaqabunga aphansi futhi aphendukele obomvu, amahlumela asomile futhi athuthuke kabi.

Uyazi? Owokuqala ukukhulisa ama-raspberries njengesitshalo esihlwanyelwe aqala amaRoma ekhulwini lesithathu BC.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

Uhlelo olujulile olujulile ludinga ukuchelela okuningi, kuze kube yizilitha eziyishumi zamanzi athululeka ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa. Lapho kukhona imvula ejwayelekile, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe noma kunqamule, uma kungenjalo, kwenziwa kaningi.

Isibonakaliso sokuntuleka komswakama kuyoba inhlabathi eyomile. Umbuthano we-Pristvolny "Firebird" kufanele ube ngamanzi ngokulinganisa ukujula okungaba ngu-30 cm. Ukunisela kubaluleke ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezimbali kanye nokwakhiwa kwezithelo ama-ovaries.

Umquba womhlabathi kusuka ku-sawdust, isibonelo, uzosiza ukugcina inhlabathi enomanzi isikhathi eside. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphuza, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi, ngaleyo ndlela igcwalise izimpande zesitshalo nge-oxygen. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlanze umjikelezo wesihlahla somuthi kusuka kunokhula.

Ukukhiqizwa nokutshala

Into engcono kakhulu yokuzalanisa izinhlobo - izicuttings. Kusukela ehlathini kukhishwe ihlumela nge-rosette enamagatsha, ukuze uthathe ucezu olukhula ngaphansi komhlaba. Ubude bokusika buba ngamasentimitha amahlanu.

Funda indlela yokutshala ama-raspberries entwasahlobo nasekwindla, indlela yokutshala ama-raspberries, ukusika ama-raspberries, ukulungisa ama-raspberries ebusika.

Ususelwe e-substrate elungiselelwe ku-greenhouse. Yenza inqubo ekwindla. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, i-cuttings egxilile iqala ukuqina, iveza ukushisa okuncane, kwandisa kancane kancane isikhathi. Ekwindla, amahlumela aqinile atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.

Lapho uthenga izithombo ezilungisiwe zingatshalalwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukujula komgodi kufanele kufane nobude bezimpande, kanti ukutshala intamo impande kuhlala phansi. Ngaphansi komgodi ubeke amanzi, emva kokutshala isihlahla esinamanzi amaningi, esembozwe ngendwangu yamatshe. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla - 1 imitha, phakathi kwemigqa - 120 cm.

Ukudubula

Ama-Raspberries anqunywa kabili ngesizini ngasinye: entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Inqubo yentwasahlobo ihlanzekile futhi ivuselela isivuno sokuvunwa. Ukusika izihlahla kwenzeka phakathi no-Ephreli, lapho kunokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa amahlumela asebenzayo (ngokuvuselela amahlumela) kusuka emagatsheni angaxhunyiwe. Susa amagatsha afile, aqhekekile.

Kubalulekile! Ngo-Meyi, ihlumela i-pinch, igqugquzele i-fruiting.

Ekubeni, imithetho yokunquma izinwele zokusajingijolo iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifunda lapho izimila zanda khona. Yenza inqubo ngemuva kokuvuna. Ezimweni ezinzima, kunconywa ukusika isihlahla ngokuphelele ukuze ubusika obuphephile.

Le nqubo, kanye namahlumela, izosusa izinambuzane ezikhona ezikhuphuke ngaphansi kwegxolo. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, amahlumela wonyaka ahlungwa, ashiya inqubo ngamamitha amathathu, esusa amagatsha aphukile futhi omile.

Izinkinga ezikhulayo nezincomo

Abanini bezandla abanokuhlangenwe nakho okukhulayo, kuhlanganise nalokhu okusajingijolo, batusa ukuthatha izinyathelo eziningi ezenza lula inqubo:

1. Izihlahla zithela izithelo futhi amagatsha angawaphula ngaphansi kwesisindo sezithelo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusekela ngokushesha lapho utshala - okuthunyelwe ngamapulangwe okuxhunyaniswa yizintambo eziqinile noma ucingo emigqeni emibili.
2. Ifilimu emnyama emnyama eyosakazwa ngaphansi kwehlathini izosiza ekuvuneni kokuqala, iyofudumala inhlabathi, iholele ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amajikijolo aphansi axhumana nomhlabathi ngokuvamile ayenamahloni ezinambuzane noma aqale ukubola. Ngefilimu yale nkathazo ingagwenywa.
3. Tshala umugqa esiteshini. Lesi sitshalo nesimiso saso sakha ukuvikelwa okunamandla nxazonke ezimpandeni zama-raspberries, okusiza ubheji obuthanda umswakama ukugcina izimpahla zamanzi.
4. Uma kunokwenzeka, ngokushisa okuqinile, isitshalo kufanele sisetshenziswe futhi inani elanele lokuswakama kufanele lihlolwe, ngoba amajikijolo angase ahlehle ngenxa yesomiso nokushisa.
5. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, amahlathi ahlanganiswe nezinto ezikhethekile ukuvimbela izimpande ekuqhenqeni.

Thola ukuthi iziphi izifo ezisajingijolo ezimbi, okuvela kuzo izinambuzane okufanele ziyivikele.

Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela

"I-Firebird" ayimelene nezifo ezinkulu (ukubola, i-anthracnose, i-rust) nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane, ukuze kutholakale izifo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, zithatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

1. Ungavumeli ukuqina lapho utshala, ngesikhathi sokukhipha izihlahla.
2. Njalo shintsha umbukiso.
3. Susa ukhula.
4. Ebusika, inhlabathi ihlanjululwe kahle eduze kombuthano we-trunk naphakathi kwemigqa.
5. Ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo kwenziwa ngezifo zeBordeaux (kubalulekile ngaphambi kokusila, emva - uma kunesidingo).
6. Kuthelwa izidakamizwa "Aktara", "Karbofos", "Fitoverm" kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane.

Ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwezitshalo kuzokwenza umndeni wakho ube namajikijolo amakhulu, amnandi namaqhinga amnandi ebusika. Ngendlela, ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu abanye abalimi bathola izivuno ezimbili ngonyaka ngamunye kusukela "kwi-Firebird".

Ividiyo: indlela yokukhulisa i-raspberries i-Firebird

I-grade raspberry ehamba phambili i-Firebird: ukubuyekezwa