I-apricot ikhula ngokwesiko ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu yezwe, ngoba iyisitshalo esithanda ukushisa. Ukuqhakambisa leli siko elidumile ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, kwakudingeka ukwandisa ubusika bebusika. Okokuqala, kwadingeka nginakekele isitoko esiqinile nesivumelanayo, esaba iplamu yesihlahla esiseningizimu. Izindlela nemithetho yokugomela i-apricot ku-plum ilula futhi ifinyeleleka kumlimi osekuqaleni.
Ukuxhunyelelwa kweplamu yepulamu yasentwasahlobo - izisekelo
Intwasahlobo yisikhathi lapho imvelo ivuka ekulaleni ubusika, ama-jusi ezitshalo aqala ukuhamba ngenkuthalo kusuka ezimpandeni kuya emqheleni, okwenza kubonakale amahlumela amasha, amaqabunga, izimbali nezithelo. Kulesi simo, ukugoma kusinda kakhulu; amanxeba aphola ngokushesha futhi kalula.
Izinsuku Zokugoma
Izilimo zaxhunyelelwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho ihlumela lisanda ukuvuvukala, izimpande zingcono. Futhi lapho kuphela isizini bazoba nesikhathi sokunika okuhle, amahlumela aqinile azongena ebusika ngokuzethemba. Izinsuku eziqondile azinconyiwe, ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesifunda nesimo sezulu esithile sonyaka samanje. Imvamisa ziqala maphakathi no-Mashi ezifundeni eziseningizimu futhi ziyaqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Ephreli ezifundeni ezisenyakatho.
Ungatshala kanjani i-apricot esihlahleni seplamu entwasahlobo
Ngezinye izikhathi abalimi be-novice babuza umbuzo - kungenzeka ukutshala i-apricot ku-iplamu entwasahlobo.
Impendulo inguyebo, ungakwazi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa lapho kudingekile ukuthola isitshalo esimelana nesithwathwa esinezimpande ezingafudumali. I-apricot ingena ngokuphelele ezitokisini ze-plum, abalimi basebenzise le ndawo isikhathi eside futhi ngempumelelo.
Entwasahlobo, ama-apricots akhanywa kuphela nge-cutways. Zivunwa ekwindla sekwephuzile futhi zigcinwa endaweni ebandayo (ngokwesibonelo, egumbini elingaphansi) kuze kugonywe.
Njengesitoko, basebenzisa bobabili amahlumela amancane aneminyaka engu-1-2, kanye nezinhlobo ezintathu - ezineminyaka emihlanu. Endabeni yokugcina, kungcono uma isitoko sesihlahla sesivele sikhula endaweni engapheli. Ukudluliselwa kuleli minyaka kuhlotshaniswa nokuncipha kwentuthuko futhi ukubheka kubo, ngokungadingekile, akunasidingo.
Uhlu olukhulu lwezindlela zokugomela ama-apricots kuma-plums entwasahlobo, kunconywa ezintathu. Ukukopisha, emgodini nangaphansi kwegxolo. Lezi zindlela zilula, zitholakala kumlimi oseqalayo futhi zinikeza iphesenti ephezulu yokusinda.
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokugoma, kufanelekile ukuzijwayeza kuma-biomaterial wesithathu. Ukuze lokhu, izitshalo zasendle kanye amahlumela kufanelekile.
Izinyathelo zokugomela izinyathelo ngezinyathelo ngokukopisha
Le ndlela isetshenziswa lapho ama-diameter wesitoko ne-scion ehlangana, noma lapho umehluko ungafika ku-10%. Ikhophi isetshenziswa kumadayimitha ukusuka kumamilimitha amane kuya nanhlanu.
Indlela iqukethe eqinisweni lokuthi iziphetho zamagatsha ahlanganisiwe zinqunywa emgodini we-acute futhi zihlanganiswa nezinye ngamaqele. Kunezinto ezilula, ezithuthukisiwe nezilandelwayo nge-saddle.
Le ndlela ilungele ukuthola izithombo.
Ngakho:
- Okokuqala, khetha indawo yokugoma - noma, ngegxolo elibushelelezi kanye nobubanzi obuhambelana nobubanzi be-scion. Ukuphakama kwale ndawo ngenhla komhlaba kunqunywa ngokuhambisana nezimo zasendaweni. Uma ubukhulu bokwemboza kweqhwa livame ukuphakama, khona-ke ukugoma kumele okungenani kube yimitha ukuphakama, futhi kwezinye izindawo kuphakeme. Ezindaweni lapho ubusika obunamakhaza bunqabile khona, kuyenzeka ukuthi ukutshala ama-inoculations endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-40-50. Wonke ama-buds akhiwe ngaphansi awaboni.
- Ngokuya ngohlobo lokukopisha olukhethiwe, izingxenye zesimo esihambisanayo zenziwa:
- Ngokukopisha okulula, ezingxenyeni ezixhunyiwe ze-scion nesitoko, yenza izingxenye ezi-oblique engela lika-20-25 °, ubude obu-3-4 cm.
- Ukukopisha okuthuthukisiwe kubonakaliswa ukuthi ukusikeka kwenziwa ezintanjeni, ezifakwe komunye nomunye, zinikela ngokuxhumana okuqinile.
- Ukuze ukopishwe ngesibopho esihlakaleni, kusikwa isiteji, esibekwe ekugcineni kwesitoko.
- Kunoma ikuphi, le ngxenye ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile nge-fum tape noma nge-tepi ye-duct nge eceleni okunamathelayo ngaphandle.
Kubalulekile. Izingcezu zihlanganiswa ukuze zixhumane nezendlalelo ze-cambial. Uma amadayimitha wesitoko ne-scion engafani, khona-ke lezi zingqimba kufanele zihlanganiswe okungenani kusuka ezinhlangothini ezintathu.
Izinhlobo zokukopisha: a - elula; b - ithuthukisiwe; c, d - ngesibopho d - ukulungisa ithoni yokugoma
- Sika isiqu ngommese noma secateurs, ushiye ama-2-3 efihlekile. Iphoyinti elisikiwe ligcotshwe nge-garden var.
- I-impromptu abamba ukushisa ihlelwe ngaphezulu kwezisiko ukuze kulondolozwe izinga elikhulayo lomswakama, oludingekayo ukuze umuntu aphile kangcono. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokubeka isikhwama sepulasitiki esibambeni, usifaka ngaphansi kwendawo yokugoma. Izimbobo ezincane ezingama-2-3 zomoya omncane zinqunywa esikhwameni. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-2, lapho ukhula lukhula kanye nesitoko, iphakethe liyasuswa.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokugoma ngendlela ye-cleavage
Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho ububanzi besitoko busuka ku-8 bufika ku-100 mm, futhi kungahle kungahambelani nobubanzi be-scion. Uma i-scion inciphile kakhulu, khona-ke ukusikwa okuningana kuxhunyekwe koyedwa. Kwenze kanjena:
Isiqu endaweni ekhethiwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, sinqunywa engela elifanele. Uma waxhunyelelwa egatsheni, khona-ke ukusikwa kubekwa eduze kwesisekelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Enkabeni yokusika, ngakwesokunene kuyo, ngembazo noma ngommese, yenza i-cleavage ngokujula kwamasentimitha ama-3-4. Esimweni sobubanzi obukhulu be-scion, ama-splits amabili angenziwa ngokuwela noma ngokufana. Isilayidi sithandwe ngesikhafu noma ngesigaqa.
Maphakathi nokusikwa ngembazo noma ngommese yenza i-cleavage i-3-4 cm ejulile
- Ukuphela kwesibambo (ukusikwa) kusikwa ngendlela ye-wedge ebukhali futhi kufakwe emgodini, ungakhohlwa ukuhlanganisa izingqimba ze-cambial. Bakhipha i-screwdriver noma i-sliver - ukusika kuhlanganiswe ngokuqinile ngothango.
- Njengasechazweni elandulele, indawo yokugonywa ihleliwe ngetheyipu, igcotshwe nge-var var yengadi.
- Sika izingcezu zezinso ezingama-2-3.
Ukufaka iziphetho ezisikiwe zokusika qiniseka ukuthi izingqimba ze-cambial ziyahlangana
- Hlomisa i-greenhouse, ekhishwa ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-cutways.
Ukugoma igxathu negxathu kwegxolo
Indlela iyafana nesinyathelo sokuqala nomphumela. Kuhluka ngokuthi ukhuni lwesiqu alonakalisiwe, esikhundleni salokho, amagxolo asikiwe futhi agobeke, okubekelwa kuwo i-scion. Le ndlela ilungele iziqu ezinobukhulu obukhulu, kunconyelwa ukutshala ngokulinganayo iziqeshana ezine kuyo.
I-oda lokubulawa limi ngokulandelayo:
- Ngokunjalo nakwindlela edlule, indawo iyakhethwa bese kuthi isiqu sithiwe.
- Sika amagxolo kanye nengqimba ye-cambium ubude obungama-4-5 cm. Uma ukusika kungu-2, 3 noma u-4, yenza inani elifanele lokusikeka. Zibekwe ngokulinganayo ngokulinganayo kububanzi bomgqomo.
- Isinyathelo esingu-3-4 cm ubude sinqunywa emaphethelweni aphansi wesibambo ngasinye, bese kwenziwa ukusikwa kwe-oblique.
- Ngokugoba kahle amagxolo, beka ukusika ngemuva kwawo ukuze izingqimba ze-cambium zixhumane.
Umuthi wokugomela amagxolo ulungele amasheya amakhulu
- Izenzo ezengeziwe ziyafana nezindlela ezedlule.
Izincomo ezijwayelekile
Noma ngabe iyiphi indlela umuthi osetshenziswa ngayo, gcina le mithetho elandelayo:
- Ithuluzi (imimese, ukuthena izithungo) lilolwa kakhulu ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi.
- Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ithuluzi libulawa magciwane nge-antiseptic. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isixazululo esingu-1% se-sulfate yethusi, utshwala noma i-hydrogen peroxide.
- Izingxenye zesitoko ne-scion zenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokugoma. Isikhathi esivela emzuzwini wokusika ekuxhumekeni kwezingxenye ezixhunyiwe kufanele sibe sincane. Esimweni esifanele, akukho ngaphezu komzuzu owodwa.
- Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izitshalo ezixhunyiwe kufanele zivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Kulokhu, bazothatha izimpande kangcono.
- I-var engadini esetshenzisiwe akufanele ibe nemikhiqizo kawoyela efana nophethiloli, uphethiloli nokunye okunjalo. Kukhethwa ukwakheka kwezinyosi noma i-lanolin.
Ividiyo: Ukugonyelwa kwe-apricot eneminyaka emine
Ukubuyekezwa kokugoma
Mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlanganiswa konyaka we-apricot ukusikwa "ngokuqhekeka" ku-plum. Izinga lokukhula lisuka kuma-50 kuye kwangama-70 cm (izimbali zemifino zibekwe kokugoma). Watshala apricot okokuqala ngqa. Izindawo zokugoma zikhonjiswa yi-harness. Etshalwe emqheleni noma kusiqu ngaphezulu kwama-50 cm kusuka enhlabathini (iqhwa eliningi ebusika). Izilimo ze-Apricot ezixhunywe epulanini zikhule ngo-50-70 cm
Izilimo ze-Apricot ezixhunywe epulanini zikhule ngo-50-70 cm
I-Andrey_VLD
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?p=634457#p634457
Okwangempela Kuthunyelwe ngu-kursk162 Buka Umbuzo weposi - Futhi ingabe ibhilikosi elixhunyiwe lihlala isikhathi eside kangakanani echibini lakho? Akukho ukungasebenzi? Kutshalwe ku-plum eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (HZCH), i-blackthorn ne-Ochakovskaya Yellow. Ukugoma bekusemqheleni nakumahlumela walezi zitoko. Ayixhunywe kahle emqheleni we-blue plum (HZCh), endaweni yokugoma, insini kanye nokukhula okuhamba kancane kwezinqubo zokusika izihlahla.kodwa kukhona ukugoma okukodwa ngokuhlumela (HZCh) okukhula kahle. Esithombeni, opholile uhlotshiswe kahle, ukhula kahle. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, i-apricot ngokwayo yenza ingxenye encane yamahlamvu aphelele esihlahleni. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo yaqhakaza, kwakukhona ama-ovaries, kodwa yabe isilahlwa, i-apricot eyodwa yahlala egatsheni, kepha ayizange ivuthwe, yalahlwa. Ukugoma kumahlumela, i.e. ngokungabikho ngokuphelele kwamaqabunga e-plum uqobo, ama-coolants athuthukisa kahle unyaka wokuqala, kepha entwasahlobo kuvela ukuthi bafa ngokuphelele (amacala ama-2, intwasahlobo edlule lena). Ngobusika obumnyama bakhula kahle kuma-overgrowths; angizange ngitshale ubumnyama emqheleni. Ngobusuku obumnyama, ngigonyelwe isizini yesithathu, amabhlogo eentyatyambo amaningi abekwe, kepha ebusika bekunamakhaza ngaphansi kuka-33, ngizolindela umphumela wobusika. Manje ngizama izithombo zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ngenkathi zihluma kuvulandi emabhodweni bese ziba nengxenye emhlabathini engadini edolobhaneni. Noma kunjalo, isimo sethu sezulu asisiyona efanele kakhulu i-apricot. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinketho.
I-Andrey_VLD
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?p=1292766
Izindlela ezichaziwe zokugoma zilula futhi zinokwethenjelwa, zivivinywa izazi zezolimo nama-ukulima amashumi eminyaka. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, ama-cutways anika amahlumela aqinile, anempilo abekezelela ubusika obukhulu. Ngokutshala i-apricot ku-plum ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, umlimi uyaqiniseka emiphumeleni.
