Abanikazi bezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba, abonakala ngesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokukhululeka, bezama ukuhlomisa insimu ngokunethezeka ngangokunokwenzeka, bavame ukukhetha amapulatifomu enziwe ngokhuni. Ukubekwa phansi ngamapulangwe ngenhla komhlaba ngeke nje kwandise isikhala esiphambi kwendlu, kodwa futhi kusize "ukukwazi" ukusiza isiza, singafaneleki, ekuqaleni kokubheka, ukusetshenziselwa. Lapho inhlabathi enezintaba iguquka ibe indawo eshelelayo emva kwemvula, emphemeni wokhuni yisixazululo esifanelekile.
Izikhundla emugqeni wesimo
Isisekelo sesikhulumi yimichilo yokhuni ebekwe phezu kwemishayo enzima noma ngokuqondile emhlabathini. Amapulatifomu anjalo afanele ezindaweni ezinendawo engalingani. Ngosizo lwabo, ungafinyelela izinhloso eziningana ngasikhathi sinye:
- Sebenzisa indawo enentaba, uyijika ibe yindawo elula yokuzijabulisa;
- qinisa amagquma, ugcine umhlabathi ungasheleli ngaphansi kwethonya lemvula.
Ukwebiwa phansi ngokhuni yinto enhle yokwakheka komhlaba, lapho ungahlomisa khona ikona lokuphumula, noma usebenzise esikhundleni se-veranda evulekile. Abanye abanini abakhela amapulatifomu hhayi kuphela phansi komhlaba, kepha nasophahleni olungaphezulu lwegumbi elingaphansi komhlaba.
Idesika liyisakhiwo esisebenzayo esingaba ngenye indlela efanelekile kunethala lendabuko phansi
Umdwebo akufanele ube yingxenye yendlu. Ngeplatifomu ungabiyela echibini elingaphandle, ichibi lokuhlobisa noma uhlele indawo yokuphumula eduze kwengadi.
Kuhlala kufanelekile ukuhlala endawenikazi enjalo ngokubeka ifenisha yengadi endaweni efulethi. Ngayo, ungacwilisa noma iyiphi indawo esizeni, noma usebenzisa "iziqhingi", ezingafanelekile ekuqaleni, ukuze uzisebenzise.
Ipulatifomu eyakhelwe ngaphambi kompheme ingadlula kahle egcekeni le-patio elifihlekile emehlweni enyama, lixhumeke nalo uchungechunge lwezinyathelo
Flooring sokhuni lungasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ekuhleleni i-patio. Ipulatifomu eyakhiwe yakha umphumela wokusabisa indawo enamagquma. Izindawo zokugcina kuphela kuleli cala akuzona iziza zobumba, kodwa amapulatifomu okhuni, axhumene nezinyathelo.
Kepha kufanelekile ukubhekisisa ukuthi amakamela wokhuni awakwazi ukungena kuzo zonke izindawo zokwakheka komhlaba. Okufanelekile kakhulu bazobheka ngokungafani nesizinda sezindlu zezitayela zezwe. Ukubekwa phansi ngokhuni kufanelana kahle "engadini yasendle".
Izinketho zokuhlela amapulatifomu
Amapulatifomu akhiwa kusuka emabhodini ahleliwe, abekwa phezu kwezinsimbi ezinde futhi ezinqamlezayo ezibekwe ezinqwaba. Indima yezinqwaba eziphakamisa ipulatifomu ngenhla komhlaba ingenziwa ngezinsika zezitini noma ngemishayo yokhuni.
Iphethini yaphansi ibekwa kakhulu ngosayizi wamabhodi, indlela yokubeka imichilo nobukhulu besakhiwo esakhiwayo. Lapho uhlela phansi, imichilo eminingana ibekwa ngokufana emaceleni esisekelo.
Ukwakha inkohliso yokwandisa indawo, kungcono ukubeka amabhodi ngokuqondile: kulokhu, ukunakwa ngeke kugxile imininingwane yesakhiwo, kepha ekulandeleleni isithombe
Izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana ne-checkerboard noma i-herringbone zibukeka zinenzuzo ngokuhlanganiswa nokwakheka okuzungezile, okwenziwe ngesitayela esifanayo.
Kunamacala ahlala njalo lapho umdwebo owakhiwe unganikeli umphumela oyifunayo. Isibonelo, lapho ipulatifomu ikhona phakathi kwendlu, i-facade yayo yenziwe nge-shingle eyenziwe ngokhuni, nendlela yensimu ehlotshiswe ngamathayili abunjiwe. Esimweni esinjalo, kungcono ukukhetha isitezi esinezansi ngephethini elula, lapho amabhodi ebekwe ngokufana ezinhlangothini zesisekelo seplatifomu.
Ukuze ugweme ukudumazeka lapho ukhetha umdwebo, abaklami bancoma, ngaphezu kokudweba phansi uqobo, ukudweba imidwebo yomdwebo ephepheni lokulandela. Ukuze ubuke kangcono imibono yombhali, ukudweba kanye nomdwebo kufanele kwenziwe ngezinga elifanayo.
Uma umdwebo wesikhulumi esakhiwe ngokwengeziwe usiba yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, isakhiwo sesikhulumi esakhiwa ngokwakhiwa kwaso sizoba naso
Ngakho-ke, lapho udweba iphethini ye-diagonal, ukufakwa kwe-lag njalo kuzodingeka. Ukwakha izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, uzodinga izingodo ezivele zivela kabili kusuka kuganda olukhulu, izikhawu phakathi kwazo ezikuvumela ukubeka ipuleti yokuphela.
Uhlobo lwesikhulumi lungaba yiluphi:
- elula - ngesikwele noma isikwele.
- ukumiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi, lapho idizayini enamazinga amaningi yakha uhlobo lwamakhasco amathala avulekile.
Izitezi ezingunxantathu zibukeka zinenzuzo kakhulu odongeni lwendlu, futhi imidwebo eyisikwele iyaphumelela ekuhlelweni kwe-angular phakathi kwezindonga eziseduze.
Ukulanda kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile zesikhulumi, kuyinike ukuphepha nokwethenjwa. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi uma emphemeni wakhiwe ogwini lwethangi.
Ama-partitions angaphansi kanye nama-openwork trellises kuzosiza ukukhosela emoyeni esimweni sezulu esingesihle futhi uthathe umhlalaphansi emehlwenibomvu wokuphumula nokuphumula
Ngokusetha izimbali zezimbali ezingaphandle ngezimbali eduze kocingo lwamapulangwe, ungaguqula kalula indawo yakho yokuphumula ibe yi-oasis eluhlaza evele iqhume.
Ideski lokwakha le-DIY
Kunezindlela eziningi zokwakha amapulatifomu okhuni. Iningi lazo zingenziwa ngungcweti abaphethe kuphela amakhono ayisisekelo wokubaza.
Isigaba # 1 - Ukukhetha kweTimber
Ama-Scaffolds akhiwa kusuka emabhodini ajwayelekile anobukhulu obungu-50x75 mm, 50x100 mm, kanye no-50x150 mm. Umphumela omuhle uyatholakala zombili uma usebenzisa imichilo yobubanzi obufanayo, nangoshintshana namabhodi anobubanzi obuhlukile.
Ama-masters awancomi ukusebenzisa amabhodi anobubanzi obungama-200 mm ngalezi zinhloso. Awayikhiphi amanzi kahle, futhi umswakama obhajwe phezu kwawo uvame ukuholela odongeni lokhuni. Ayifaneleki ekuhleleni ama-decks nemigoqo enobubanzi obungu-50x50 mm. Zibuye zisonteke futhi zikhubazeke kalula.
Izakhiwo ezihlala phansi isikhathi eside zitholakala kumabhodi anesisindo esingu-50x100 mm no-50x150 mm, abekwe ngokufana ezinhlangothini zesiteji
Ukuhlomisa ipulatifomu usebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokhuni:
- i-coniferous - uphayini, i-smereka, i-spruce ejwayelekile;
- i-deciduous - i-aspen, i-alder, i-modrina.
Amabhodi okuhlela ukufakwa phansi kumele ahlanze amagxolo. Ekwenzeni lags, kungcono ukukhetha hhayi amabhodi m merc of 2nd noma 3rd grade, okuqukethwe umswakama okuyi-10-12%. Imishayo yokusekela yenziwa kahle kusuka ezingabekwanga ngokhuni zesikwele ngohlangothi lwama-75 mm.
Akunandaba noma ngabe ikhetheni lezinkuni elisetshenziselwa ukunweba impilo yaphansi, ingaphezulu liphathwa nge-antiseptics kanye nokuxoshwa komswakama.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-azure, eyethulwa emakethe ephalethini elinemibala ebanzi, kunikeza amathuba okusebenzisa noma yiziphi izixazululo zangaphandle zokuklama
Ukumelana nomlilo kwamapulatifomu okhuni kutholakala ngokungezelelwa okwelashwa komhlaba ngama-fire retardants.
Isigaba # 2 - ukwakheka kwesakhiwo
Ubukhulu nobukhulu besikhulumi buxhomeke endaweni lapho kuzokhonjelwa khona idokodo, nenhloso yalo. Musa ukubeka ipulatifomu ethunzini eligcwele elidalwe udonga lwendlu. Ukuswakama nokufiphaza - indawo evundile yokuthuthukisa ukhunta.
Uma idesika lizodlala indawo yendawo yokudlela, khona-ke inikeze indawo eyanele yokufakwa kwesethi yefenisha, yabela indawo yokufinyelela okulula
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ipulatifomu yokuthatha izinqubo zelanga nokuphumula nomndeni wakho, abale indawo yokufaka ama-lounger elanga.
Ukubuka ngeso lengqondo indawo okuzohlanganiswa kuyo indikimba nokuthi izobukeka kanjani kusukela emafasiteleni aphansi aphezulu, dweba uhlelo lokwakha. Kungcono ukudweba uhlelo lwamasayithi ephepheni legrafu, ulondoloze ubukhulu bezakhiwo ezifanayo. Uma ipulatifomu izokwakhiwa emthambekeni, dweba umbono oseceleni wesakhiwo ukukhombisa ukuthambeka. Umdwebo owenzelwe kahle uzokwenza lula umsebenzi wokunquma ukuphakama kwezikhala zokusekelwa ukudala indawo enobuhlazi obuphelele.
Endaweni banquma indawo lapho izimbiwa zizimbiwa. Lapho ukhetha indawo yokufaka izinqwaba, ungakhohlwa ukucabanga ngamapayipi okuxhumana abekwe endlini emhlabathini. Umsebenzi wakho ukuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela okukudingekayo kwezivivinyo zokuhlola ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi wokuvimbela nokulungisa uma kunesidingo.
Ukwakha ipulatifomu uzodinga amathuluzi:
- isondo le-roulette;
- isikwele;
- hacksaw;
- i-screwdriver;
- izinga lokwakha;
- sandpaper.
Ubukhulu bokuthwetshelwa kwesitezi sangaphansi esizayo buxhomekeke kububanzi bamabhodi asetshenzisiwe. Isibonelo: ukubeka phansi phansi ngephethini elula, enamabhodi angama-21, uzodinga ukwakha umucu ozohambelana nobubanzi bamabhodi angama-21 kanye no-10 cm, ozoshiya izikhala ezingama-20 phakathi kwawo.
Akunandaba noma iyiphi iphethini ekhethiwe, amabhodi abekwa endaweni yesikhulumi enegebe lika-5 mm: lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungahanjiswa kwamanzi emvula
Isigaba # 3 - ukufakwa kwezinsika zokusekela
Lapho kufakwa emphemeni “wenhlabathi” yenhlabathi ukwandisa amandla nokwethenjelwa kwesakhiwo, lawo mapulangwe awngcwatshwa emhlabathini, kepha afakwa kumakhonkolo ekhonkolo afakwe izidleke ezinonxande.
Ipuleti ngalinye lesisekelo elinobukhulu obuyi-15 mm linesikwele esine-400 mm. Babekwe ebangeni elilinganayo lamamitha ayi-1,4. Kulokhu, ibanga alilinganiswa ukusuka emaphethelweni epuleti, kepha ukusuka enkabeni.
Ngemuva kokunquma izindawo zokufakwa kwama-slabs nezinsika, ezindaweni eziqokiwe, ungqimba lomhlabathi oluvundile luyasuswa bese uthungwa ungqimba. Amapuleti abekwa phezu kwetshe elihlanganisiwe elichotshoziwe, elithululelwa ngodaka lukakhonkolo, kanye nezinga.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi izidleke zesilabhisi zitholakala emgqeni owodwa futhi zakha ikona yesokudla efanelene nodonga lwesakhiwo esiseduze
Umhlabathi osele ongasetshenziswanga uvalwe ngomunca wokusika kwe-agrofibre. Izinto ze-Opaque zizovimbela ukukhula kotshani. Ukulungisa indwangu engeyona eyokwakhiwa futhi uhlanganise umphumela, wonke umphezulu umbozwe ngotshani obuhle.
Okuthunyelwe kokusekelwa kukhona okungekho lutho okwenziwe ngokhuni oluqinile noma okunwetshiwe kusuka emabhodini ane-spikhi esingamasentimitha ayi-7.5 phansi. Izigxobo zifakwa ngama-spikes eziseleni zamapuleti futhi ziboshwe emapulethini. Uma kunesidingo, imilenze yokusekela ingashintshwa njalo ngobude, ukunquma okweqile.
Ukwelula impilo yaphansi, izindawo zokhuni zokuthunyelwe ziphathwa nge-antiseptic and umswakama repellent
Lapho ufaka izigxobo, kubalulekile ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi izixhaso ezisezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu azikho ngaphansi kokuphakama kwepulatifomu okuhlosiwe. Hlola indawo evundlile ngaso sonke isikhathi, ugxile ezingeni lokwakha.
Isigaba # 4 - ukwenza i-harness
Ngemuva kokuthola okuthunyelwe okusekelayo, baqala ukukhiqiza amahhanisi. Okokuqala, beka imishayo yangaphandle, uyilungiselele emaphethelweni kuze kube sekupheleni. Imishayo ephakathi nendawo ephakathi ehlanganiswe ngasodongeni lwendlu ifakwa kwizikhala ezifinyeziwe.
Imishayo ezobe ifakwe nxazonke kwendawo yokubhalela ibekwe ngokuqondile futhi ibethelwe ngokuzungeza okuthunyelwe
Ukuze wenze lokhu, ubambe ugongolo ngalunye ezizungeze izinsika zokusekela, uvumelanise ukugqama kwalo neleveli yotshwala. Imishayo ihlelwe ngezikulufo ezicijile noma izipikili eziyi-10 cm. Lapho uhlela ipulatifomu enamazinga amaningi, imigqa yesiphambano yangaphansi bese amazinga aphezulu abethelwa ngokwahlukana. Yonke imishayo ihlanganiswe ngaphandle kwamakhona angaphandle.
Imishayo ephakathi ibekwa ohlakeni oluhlangene kanye nokuthunyelwe okusekela. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi izingxenye zemishayo ephakathi zisezingeni elifanayo nomngcele ophezulu wohlaka lwangaphandle.
Isiteji # 5 - phansi
Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka ipulatifomu abuhlukile kakhulu kunqubo yokubeka phansi phansi izitezi ezijwayelekile. Ngemuva kokubona amapulangwe anobude obulingana nebanga kusuka kolunye ugongolo lwangaphandle kuya kolunye, uwabeke ngaphesheya kohlaka.
Uma ipulatifomu ihlangana nodonga lwendlu, qala ukubeka ibhodi, uyibeke kude ne-10-15 mm ukusuka endaweni ethe mpo.
Kamuva, lapho kubekwa imichilo yokufaka umoya omncane kanye nokwanda kwemvelo kwezinkuni phakathi kwamapulangwe, kugcinwa ibanga eliyi-5 mm
Ukwenza lula umsebenzi wokugcina ibanga elidingekayo phakathi kwamapulangwe asondelene naphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwesiqalo sokhuni esingalingani kuzosiza.
Isitezi senzelwe ipulatifomu enama-screws, izipikili noma ama-clamp akhethekile. Ukuze uqinise ukubopha, ngaphezu kwezikulufo, izingcweti futhi zincoma ukusebenzisa i-glue yokwakha. Kusetshenziswa emikhawulweni yesikhulumi ngesibhamu. Kepha le ndlela yokufaka igcwele iqiniso lokuthi ngemuva kokuqina kweglue, amabhodi awakwazi ukuhanjiswa. Lokhu kuzophinda kube nzima ukulungiswa uma kwenzeka kulimala emphemeni.
Umucu wesibili ubekwe ku-crest yebhodi efakiwe nelungisiwe lokuqala. Ukuze umise izakhi ngokuqinile ngangokunokwenzeka, ikamu liboshelwa ngobunono ngesando. Ekhoneni elingaphakathi legede ngokumelene nelogi ngalinye, kugcinwa i-angle engu-45 °, izipikili zesando.
Ukulungiswa, kufanelekile ukuthatha izipikili ezinobude obuphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunobukhulu bamabhodi. Lapho izipikili zidonsa izando, kubalulekile ukujulisa izigqoko ngokujule ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze zingaphazamisi ukubekwa okujwayelekile kwebhodi eliseceleni. Uma amabhodi ephahlazeka ngesikhathi kuvalwa, amathiphu wezipikili kufanele ancishiswe ngokuwathinta ngesando. Lapho ushayela isipikili, kungcono ukubeka isipikili ngaphansi komthambeka omncane ubheke maphakathi nebhodi.
Amabhodi abekwa lonke ubude bokubekwa phansi, azibeke ngendlela yokuthi uhlangothi lwe-convex lwezindandatho zaminyaka yonke lubheke phezulu: lokhu kuzonciphisa ukugoba okwenziwa kamuva nokuvimba ukuqhekeka kwezinkuni
Lapho kubethelwa imichilo, kubalulekile ukubheka ngezikhathi ezithile ubukhulu bengxenye yesikhulumi engafakwanga. Ukwenza ibhodi lokugcina ligcwele ububanzi, uma kunesidingo, lungisa ububanzi begebe njengoba usebenza. Ukulungisa ubukhulu bophahla, ibhodi lokugcina ligawulwa kanye njengezinyathelo sokugcina.
Amabhodi ahlanganisiwe futhi ahleliwe ayalungiswa. Lokhu, emaceleni yesikhulumi ukudweba umugqa wokulinganisa lapho izinqa zamapulangwe zibonakalisiwe. Ukuthola ukusikeka kakhulu, sebenzisa ojantshi bomhlahlandlela.
Ipulatifomu eqediwe ihamba ngamabhayisekili, ihlanganiswe futhi imbozwe ngezendlalelo eziningana ze-semi-gloss noma i-varnish ecwebezelayo. Uma emphemeni akhuphuka ephakeme ngaphezu kuka-50 cm kusuka kunhlabathi, ubiyelwa nge-railing.
Usebenzisa izinsika ezisekelayo, imijikelezo yamuva yakhiwe azungeze umngcele wethala, ibeka imigqa engu-7.5 x 5 mm ngokuqondile endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-45
Ukusuka kwimigoqo enesigaba esingu-3.8 cm yenza izikhala zama-balusters aphakathi nendawo. Babethelwa ngaphansi kokubekwa phansi, kubekwa ibanga elingu-5-7 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Ukwenza i-deck ibe yingxenye yemvelo
Uma umuthi omuhle ukhula ngaphakathi kwemingcele yesikhulumi esihlongozwayo, ungagijimeli ukuwuqeda. Ungahlala ufake izinto zemvelo ekwakhiweni komdwebo.
Lapho uhlela ukufaka isihlahla endaweni yesikhulumi, ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo, kuzofanela wenze uhlaka lwangaphakathi elizungeze isithiyo
Ukuvuleka kwesitezi saphansi kungashiywa kuvulekile, noma kuhlotshiswe ngamabhodi ukuze agobeke ezungeze isitshalo. Lapho uzungeza isihlahla esinezitezi, gcina ukhumbula ukuthi njengoba sikhula, sizokhula ngosayizi kungekuphela phezulu, kodwa futhi nangobubanzi.
Esigabeni sokuthola ubukhulu kanye nokudweba umdwebo wesakhiwo esizayo, kubalulekile ukunikeza isihlahla indawo yokuhlala eyanele
Isitezi asikwazi ukunamathiselwa kwisiqu sesihlahla. Lokhu kubi kokubili okuluhlaza ngokwalo nokwakhiwa. Ukudonsa umoya ngaphansi komoya ovunguza kungaphazamisa ubuqotho besikhulumi.
Akunobunzima obukhethekile ekunakekeleni emphemeni. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukuthi uhlole ingaphezulu minyaka yonke ngemifantu engakheka ngenkathi yomiswa kwezinkuni. Ukuze ulondoloze ukubakhona futhi unwebe ukusebenza kwesikhulumi, izendlalelo ngopende kufanele zivuselelwe njalo.
