Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezihamba ngamapulangwe nezimbobo kuhlale kuhlelwa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwamanzi okuphephile futhi okuphephile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuchwepheshe obusha obususelwa ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto zokwakha zanamuhla zengezwa ezindleleni zokwakha lezi zinhlaka zingaphezulu. Manje ungakhetha ukwakha i-pier eyenziwe ngokhuni kwisisekelo senqwaba ezohlala isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, noma wakhe isakhiwo se-pontoon sokusetshenziswa kwesizini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukukhethwa komklamo we-Berth kanye nendlela yokwakhiwa kwawo kuthonywa yizici zenhlabathi ezindaweni ezigudle ugu zosawoti, ukukhululeka kogu, ijubane lomfula, kanye nemithwalo edalwe entwasahlobo igobolondo leqhwa elincibilikayo. Ubukhulu besakhiwo buxhomekeka enjongweni nasekuqineni kokusebenza.
Ama-marinas kanye nama-moorings angasetshenziselwa ukugeza nokushiswa yilanga, ukuhamba ngezikebhe ezincane (ukugingqa nezikebhe zezimoto, ama-catamaran, ama-jet skis, izikebhe), ukuzilibazisa kothando lwamanzi kuma-arbor afakwe ngqo kusakhiwo sokhuni.
Isigaba sogu lwesichibi esinezixhobo ezikhethekile zokugibela izikebhe ezincane, kanye nokupaka, ukulungiswa nokulungiswa kwazo, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-Berth. Ngokombono wokubukwa kwensiza yezobunjiniyela, lezi zinhlaka zihlukaniswe zaba yizixhaso ezilandelayo:
- ukugudluza izindonga okwakhiwe ogwini lwesichibi sama-gabions nemikhiqizo ekhonkolo eqinisiwe;
- i-pontoon berth, ehlelwe epulatifomu elintantayo lemiphongolo yepulasitiki, amapayipi, iziqukathi ezikhethekile;
- i-berth kumapulangwe noma ngensimbi yesikulufa esiqhutshwa ngaphakathi noma esikhonkosini ngaphansi kwesiqalo;
- pier - pier etholakala ngokuqondile ogwini lomzimba wamanzi.
Ukwenza ukwehla kulondolozi kusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa kwama-marinas nama-moorings kukhulisa ukuheha kwendawo yeholide futhi kunikeze izinga elifanele lokuphepha
Ukwakhiwa kwama-moorings esisekelweni senqwaba
Emizaneni yaseRussia enwebeka ngasogwini lwemifula egcwele, ungabona ukuhanjiswa ngamapulangwe kwezikebhe zokudoba ezakhiwe esisekelweni senqwaba. Phambilini, izinkuni eziqinile zazisetshenziswa njengezinqwaba. Imvamisa, kwakusetshenziswa ama-larch, oki noma i-alder. Njengamanje, okuthandwa kunikezwe ngaphezulu kumaphayiphu wensimbi, angaqhutshwa futhi alekwe. Lezi zinhlobo zamaphayile ziyehluka kwesinye ngesakhiwo, kanjalo nangendlela yokufaka.
Inketho # 1 - izinqwaba eziqhutshwa
Izithonga ezihlotshisiwe zenziwa ngesimo samapayipi wensimbi afakelwe ithiphu ekhomba. Lezi zinqwaba zihanjiswa emhlabathini ngabashayeli bezinqwaba (imishini yokufaka izinhlamvu). Indlela efanayo yokufaka ingathinta kabi isimo sensimbi. Amaphayili angakwazi "ukuhola" futhi aze asonteke ngokuvunguza. Endabeni yokushintshwa kwensimbi enjalo, inqwaba ngeke ifinyelele kungqimba yenhlabathi eqinile, okusho ukuthi ngeke ibe ukwesekwa okugcwele kwe-Berth esakhiwa. Akuwona njalo amathuluzi akhethekile angaqhuba aze afike esizeni sokwakha lesi sikhungo. Ngakho-ke, lapho befaka isisekelo senqwaba ngezandla zabo, basebenzisa izinqwaba zesikulufa.
Ukukhetha # 2 - isikulufa
Inqwaba yesikulufa, njengenqola eqhutshwa, yenziwa ngepayipi lensimbi. Iqhubu lokucushwa okuthile lifakwa insimbi eduze kwesiphelo salo esenziwe ngesigaxa, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi kunekhanda elidingekayo ukuvikela isisekelo se-Berth esizayo. Ngenxa yaleli bala le-rotor, inqwaba igxotshwa kalula emhlabathini ongezansi, ngaphandle kokuthi yenze umzamo omkhulu womzimba. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza okubushelelezi, inqwaba yesikulufa ngokulinganayo ingena emhlabathini. Ubungozi bokudalwa kwezindonga zepayipi lincane. Ubude bezikhala zesikulufa bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-11. Uma kunesidingo, ipayipi lingakhula noma, kunalokho, lisikwe.
Ukufakwa kogandagni bokhuni obuyinkimbinkimbi ebusika kwenza lula umsebenzi. Eqhweni ungangena kalula kunoma iyiphi indawo yokwakha
Lapho umthwalo omningi kufanele umelele inqwaba, enkulu kufanele ibe ububanzi besiqu sayo. Kulokhu, ubukhulu bezindonga zalo nabo buyadingeka.
Imithetho Yokufaka
Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi wokufaka, kuyadingeka ukubala inani eliqondile lezinqwaba, ukukhetha ububanzi obudingekayo kucatshangelwe umthwalo. Bala ibanga elincanyana phakathi kwamaphara asondelene lapho okokusebenza kwe-grill kungasebenzi. Ubude bezinqola bukhethiwe ngokuya ngohlobo lomhlabathi kanye nokujula kokuqandeka endaweni.
Ngemuva kokususa inqwaba yesikulufa ekujuleni okuthile, ukhonkolo uthululelwa ngaphakathi kwesiqu saso (ibanga M300 nangaphezulu). Le ndlela inyusa umthamo wokuthwala wento yokusekela. Lapho ufaka isisekelo senqwaba ebusika, izengezo ezikhethekile zengezwa kwikhambi lokhonkolo. By endleleni, kungcono ukwenza ukufakwa kwenqwaba ye-pier ebusika. Eqhweni kulula kakhulu futhi kushibhile ukwenza umsebenzi kunasemanzini. Uma inhlabathi inesakhiwo esisezingeni eliphezulu, khona-ke izinqwaba zifakwa ekujuleni okuhlukile, emva kwalokho zidluliselwe ezingeni elithile.
Isikimu somfanekiso we pier eyenziwe ngokhuni eyakhelwe phezu kwesisekelo senqwaba. Ubude bezikhala zesikulufa bunqunywa ngokufukula isivivinyo, lapho ungathola khona ukujula kwezingqimba eziqinile zenhlabathi
Izikulufa zesikulufa ziyasebenza futhi. Zingafakwa isikulufa ngaphakathi, futhi uma kunesidingo, ukudiliza isakhiwo esingaphezulu kungasontwa. Kodwa-ke, akunconywa ukugcwalisa umgodi we-quile ngokhonkolo. Izikulufa zescrew zingahlala amashumi ambalwa eminyaka, ikakhulukazi uma ingaphezulu lawo liphathwe ukwakheka okukhethekile kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-pier, eyakhelwe phezu kwesisekelo senqwaba, ingasebenza isikhathi eside.
Izinqunjana ezihlukile zihlanganiswa kwisakhiwo esisodwa zisebenzisa isiteshi esigoqwe amakhanda aso. Kwesinye isikhathi ugongolo usetshenziswa njengesixhumanisi. Onke ama-welds adinga ukwelashwa nge-ekhemikhali ekhethekile eyenziwe ngesisekelo se-epoxy resin, koqweqwe lwawo noma ngopende. Le nhlanganisela ivikela amalunga endaweni enomswakama kusuka ekugcwabeni.
Emhlabathini owenziwe ngedwala, ukufakwa kwesisekelo senqwaba akunakwenzeka. Kulesi simo, ezinye izinketho zokuhleleka kwejuba kanye nezimbila ziyabhekwa.
Njengoba kusetshenziselwa izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukubeka emphemeni ama-brits nama-piers, izinkuni ezingangeneki zamanzi ezinhlobo ezibalulekile (i-larch, i-acacia, ipe, kumaru, i-garapa, i-bangirai, i-massranduba, i-merbau) iyasetshenziswa. Ibanga ngalinye lezinkuni ezibizayo linombala wazo oyingqayizivele kanye nokuthungwa okukhethekile. Ezokwakha zingashibiliswa ngokusebenzisa izinto zanamuhla ezingaphendulisi amanzi ne-polymer yokhuni, ngesisekelo lapho kwenziwa khona amabhodi akhethekile adonswayo namathala. Lezi zinto zokwakha zilungele ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezingaphezulu, njengoba:
- ayikwazi ukusebenza kwinqubo yokubola kanye nokubola kusuka ekuchayweni komswakama nokushwibeka;
- awekho ngaphansi kokudalwa, ngoba awomile ngaphandle, awavuvukali, awagobeki noma awempi, angaqinisi noma aqhekeke (ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi zokhuni lwemvelo);
- ukukwazi ukubekezelela ushintsho olubalulekile lokushisa, ukuvezwa emisebeni ye-ultraviolet ngaphandle kokulahleka kwezimfanelo zokuhlobisa;
- ukumelana okuphakeme kwe-abrasion;
- melana nemithwalo enkulu yokushaqeka;
- inendawo engagobekile eyivumela ukuthi ukwazi ukuhamba ngokuphephile phakathi kwe pier noma ngemuva kwemvula.
Ibhodi le-polymer deck board elisetshenziselwa ukufakelwa phansi kwamapayiphu nangamapayipi alidingi ukuvikeleka ngama-varnish kanye namafutha, okwenza lula ukulungiswa kwendawo yalo.
Ukufakwa kokhuni phansi phansi ohlakeni oluqinile, olubekwe phezu kwesisekelo senqwaba. Icubungula amabhodi anezinto zokuvikela eziwavikela ekugqokeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Ukufaka ukufakwa kwamapulangwe okwenziwa ngokhuni kwenziwa ngobuchwepheshe bama-fasteners afihliwe. Lapho uqeda i-Berth eseqediwe, ojantshi, okwehlela emanzini, kanye nama-fenders fender namanye amadivaysi adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwezikejana ezincane afakiwe.
Isibonelo sokuhlanganisa pier elula pontoon
Ukwakha i-berth encane yohlobo lwe-pontoon, ugongolo olwenziwe ngamapulangwe, amapulangwe ahleliwe, izipikili, izikulufu zokuzithinta, amakhonkolo ensimbi, imigqomo engu-200-litre nezintambo zokuyitholela kuyathengwa. Uhlaka lwesikwele lwalesi sakhiwo luqoqiwe kusuka kubha enesigaba esingu-100 kuya ku-50 mm ogwini. Ubude becala lesikwele ngamamitha ayi-2,5. Uhlaka luqiniswa emakhoneni ngosizo lwemigoqo yezinkuni, efakwe ngokungeziwe. Amakhona wefreyimu kufanele aqonde (90 degrees).
Isakhiwo, esihlanganiswe kusuka kugongolo lwamapulangwe nemigqomo ecindezelwe, siyisibonelo sohlobo lwe-pontoon olulula olunikeza indlela yedamu
I-buoyancy of the Berth inikezwa ngemigqomo emine eyi-200-litre eyayisetshenziselwa ngaphambili ukugcina imikhiqizo kaphethiloli. Imiphongolo kumele ibe yisihlwathi ngokuphelele. Ukuhlangabezana nalemfuneko, i-sealant noma i-silicone isetshenziswa ezungeze ama-plugs ukuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angangeni ngaphakathi. Ukuze uqinise izimbiza kangcono esakhiweni sohlaka, sebenzisa imigoqo eyengeziwe (50 by 50 mm), enamathiselwe kuhlaka olukhulu usebenzisa amakona wensimbi. Kulezi zibha, izimbobo zidonswa lapho izintambo zidonswa khona ukuze kulungiswe ngokuphephile imigqomo ebekwe ezinhlangothini zombili zozimele ezihlangene.
Uhlaka olungene ngaphakathi, olulungele ukwethulwa, lidluliselwa echibini ngaphandle kwodoti, oluzokwenza likhulu amahlandla amaningi
Lapho-ke ifreyimu yokhuni yesimo esingunxande iyaphendulwa, kuyilapho imigqomo isezansi kwesakhiwo. Kulesi sikhundla, lesi sakhiwo sifakwa echibini eliseduze nolwandle. Uhlelo lwe-anchor lusetshenziselwa ukushesha kwalo. Ungasifaka futhi isakhiwo inqwaba ecijwe emhlabathini osebeni lwethala, noma insika eyembiwe emhlabathini futhi yahlukaniswa. Esigabeni sokugcina, isisekelo esivela emabhodini ahleliwe sibethelwe ohlakeni. Kwakhiwa nebhuloho elincane, elihlinzeka ngokuthola ukubhoboza osebeni lolwandle.
Ukubuka kokugcina kwe-pontoon pier esetshenziswe ehlobo. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ukwakheka kwengxenye kuyahlukaniswa kubekwe eceleni ukuze kugcinwe kuze kube yisizini ezayo
Okunye okuhlukile kwensiza yamabhuloho
Izigxobo zakhiwa ngamathayi amaloli asebenze imigomo yawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amathayi enjoloba axhumene komunye nomunye ngezintambo noma ngezintambo eziqinile. Ngemuva kwalokho amathayi axhumekile agxotshwa emanzini afakwe ezansi echibini. Okuthunyelwe okuvelisiwe kufanele kuphume emanzini. Ukuqina kwezinsika emanzini kunikezwa ngosizo lwamatshe cobblestones aphonswe emathayi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa amabhuloho enkuni phezu kwezigxobo ezakhiwe.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma pier yakho ihambile ngomkhumbi?
Umnikazi wesayithi elibheke umfula noma ichibi angazakhela izakhiwo ezilula zokwakheka yedwa. Amapulazi ahamba amamitha ambalwa ukusuka ogwini olungaphakathi ezweni ukuya echibini kufanele akhiwe yizinkampani ezinamaphrofeshinali abanekhono nemishini yobungcweti. Uma ugcina ekwakhiweni nasekwenzeni i-pier, umema amafemu angabazisayo ukuthi enze umsebenzi, khona-ke "ungalahlekelwa" ukwakheka kwengaphezulu. Imane nje isuke ngasolwandle.
