I-Alyssum - ukutshala nokunakekela imbali enamakha

I-Alyssum (Alýssum) - ummeleli wohlobo lwezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezingamalungu Iklabishi lomndeni omkhulu. Uhlobo oluningi iBurachok lubandakanya izinhlobo ezingamakhulu amabili ezisatshalaliswa kabanzi emazweni amaningana aseYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia. Esikhathini sendawo yangemva kweSoviet, kukhula izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingamashumi amane.

Izici zokukhula engadini

I-Alissum, eyaziwa kakhulu ekuhlobiseni izimbali, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Izinhlobo zonyaka zibonakaliswa yisikhathi eside sezimbali, futhi umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo zisetshenziswa eliphakathi kwazo ukumelana kwazo okuhle ezimeni zokushisa eziphansi. Isiko lokuhlobisa lisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekwenziweni kwemvelo esifundeni saseMedithera, kepha lishintshwa kahle ukuze lilinywe emgqeni ophakathi wezwe lethu.

Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele sezulu, i-alissum ikhula njengesihlahla esidala isikhathi eside kakhulu - kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile

I-Alyssum ebhavini noma engadini yezimbali yehlobo iyihlobo elivimbela isithwathwa nehlobo lokuqhakaza lasekwindla, okulula ukulinakekela.

I-Alyssum ilungele ukusetshenziswa engadini yasekhaya, inezimbali eziningi nephunga elihle, elimnandi kakhulu

Abalandeli bokudala ukuhlelwa kwezimbali kwi-loggia bavame ukusebenzisa isiko lokuhlobisa njengomhlobiso womngcele omuhle futhi ongenambulelo wezinye izitshalo.

I-Alyssum ikhule ngenkuthalo kuvulandi

Ngabe isitshalo sinjani?

Ukutshala kwesiko lokuhlobisa esimweni sezulu esenyakatho esinzima kwenziwa kuphela yizithombo ngokutshala izinto zembewu ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, isitshalo esinezimbali eziningi sikhula eminyakeni eminingi, kanti siqhakaza cishe njalo.

Kusukela esikhathini sokuhluma kokukhiqizwa kwembewu kuya kwezimbali zokuqala, njengomthetho, kudlula inyanga eyodwa nohhafu, futhi okuthandwa kakhulu yisiko umbuso wokushisa okungenani we-15-18 ° C.

Iphalethi yombala

Endle, izinhlobo zezitshalo zitholakala zakha ama-lilac nezimbali ezimhlophe, kepha ezingadini futhi zikhule kumakhonde, ama-loggias kanye namathafa, abalimi bezimbali zivame ukukhetha izinhlobo zokuhlobisa:

• mhlophe, kufaka phakathi i-Little Dorrit, i-Big Gem, i-Weiss Riesen, i-Primavera Princess kanye ne-Snow Crystals;
• opinki noma onsomi, kufaka phakathi iSalimoni neRoyal Carpet;
• i-lilac ephuzi, nsomi ne-lilac, i-Easter Bonnet Deep Pink, i-Wonderland Blue, i-Variegatum ne-Oriental Night izinhlobo;
• ophuzi, Ingxube ye-Easter Bonnet Pastel ne-Compactum Gold Dust.

Okuthandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo ze-multicolor, isibonelo, uPaletta, ohlanganisa imibala eminingana yasekuqaleni

Incazelo emfushane nezithombe zezinhlobo ezithandwayo

Manje kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-alissum, ezihlukahluka ngokuya ngezimbali, ukuphakama nosayizi wengxenye yomhlaba, umbala wembali. Zonke zazo zezinhlobonhlobo eziphambili. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu ezidumile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafuyi abajwayelekile basekhaya nabangaphandle basebenza ukuthola imikhiqizo emisha.

Idwala le-Alyssum (Al. Saxatile)

Ukuphakama kwengxenye yesiqu kusukela ku-8-10 cm, futhi amahlamvu aphikelela ngisho nangesikhathi sobusika obubandayo. Izimbali zohlobo lwePanicle. Ukuqhakaza kusenesikhathi, kepha kufushane (Ephreli - Meyi).

I-Compactum ekhula kancane ebangeni eliphakeme ngezingxenye zezindiza ezingekho ngaphezulu kuka-17-18 cm

• Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezinobukhulu obuphakathi kwePlenum ezinokuphakama kwesiqu okungaphezulu kwamitha nje, kube nezimbali eziphindwe kabili zombala ophuzi wegolide.
• Izinhlobonhlobo i-Dudley Neville ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-15-30, izimbali ezinombala ophuzi onsundu.
• I "Gold placer" ehlukahlukene iyisitshalo somhlobiso esinamagatsha aqhakaza phezulu kwengxenye yezindiza ezingeqi kumitha yekota, esinama-inflorescence aminyene nohlanga.

Ulwandle i-Alyssum (Al. Maritium)

Ezimweni ezimaphakathi neRussia, ikhule ngesiko lonyaka. Ukuphakama kwengxenye ye-aerial akudluli kumitha yamitha ubude ubude obungadluli kuma-40 cm. Ingxenye yesigaxa sakha izakhi ezingama-rompetti ezihlanganisiwe.

Ukuqhakaza kwenzeka kusuka ngoMeyi kuya esiqandeni

• Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zeBentham "Weiss Riesen" ezinokuphakama okukhulu okungama-30-35 cm, ezinezimbali ezinkulu zombala omhlophe.
• Izinhlobonhlobo ze "Shneeshturm" zeBentham ezinokuphakama okuphezulu okungama-22-25 cm ngezimbali ezimhlophe nezikhulu.
• Izinhlobonhlobo "ze-Purple haze" zisho izinhlobo ezincane nezinhlamvu eziqhakaza isikhathi eside.

"I-Purple haze" yakha izimbali ezincane kanye namahlamvu e-lanceolate kumahlumela afinyelela ku-15 cm ubude

• Izinhlobonhlobo "Ester Bonnet" zibonisa ukungabekezeleli, ukumelana nokubanda nokubekezelela isomiso, nokuphakama okungama-20-25 cm, ezinezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa noma amhlophe ama-lilac-pinkish.

I-Ampel Alissum

Kungokwezinhlobo ezihlobisa kakhulu, zakha amahlumela anamahlamvu amaningi futhi amade abukeka emangalisa kakhulu ezimbombeni zezimbali. I-inflorescences yakha ibhola elikhulukazi futhi elimnandi "eliqhakazayo."

• Izinhlobonhlobo "Iqhwa / Iphepha Elimhlophe" yinto encane minyaka yonke enephunga elimnandi kakhulu nelishiwo lezinyosi.

Izimbali zivela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba

• Ama-Alyssum white "Snow Princesses" aqhakaza ehlobo lonke, abekezelela kahle amakhosi okushisa aphansi, anokukhula okufanayo futhi kulula ukubumbeka.

I-Alyssum Gmelin noma iNtaba (Al. Gmelinii)

Isitshalo sokuhlobisa esingangeneleli nesithwathwa. Amagatsha ezinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo nezikhuphukayo. Kushiya ama-pubescence obukhulu. Uhlobo lwe-racemose lwama-inflorescences aqhakaza izinyanga ezimbalwa, ngokuqala kokuqhakaza eminyakeni elishumi edlule kwentwasahlobo.

Iqhakaza kusukela ngoMeyi nohhafu wezinyanga, bese kuba sekupheleni kuka-Agasti

• Izinhlobonhlobo ze- "Honey Dessert" ziyisithombo esidala esinamagatsha aqhakaza ngama-23-25 ​​cm, esinamakhasi angama-hemispherical, amaqabunga anezimpunga ezizwe aphuzi, izimbali ezincane eziphuzi.
• Izinhlobonhlobo "zeGolide Wave" - ​​zakha izihlahla ezihlotshiswe ngesihlahla se-hemisni zisetshenziswa ezinobubanzi obungaba ngu-30-40 cm, ezinezimbali eziphuzi. Ukuqhakaza kwenzeka entwasahlobo inyanga nengxenye, futhi kwesinye isikhathi sekwesibili - eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Agasti.

Izindlela zokufakelwa

Ukuhlwanyela okokuhlwanyela imbewu noma ukutshala izithombo kwenziwa enhlabathini evundile enamanyolo we-organic asetshenziswe ngaphambili. Ukulima, izindawo ezinelanga kunazo zonke zabiwa, ngaphandle kokuntengeka kwamanzi, ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma okuncane kwe-alkaline engadini yezimbali.

Ukuhlwanyela okuvulekile

1. Ngokungafani nokutshala okuluhlaza okotshani, ukuhlwanyelwa kwezinto zembewu ezingadini zezimbali ezivulekile kwenziwa ngaphambi kukaMeyi, lapho inhlabathi ephezulu ye-8-10 cm isifudunyezwa kahle kanye nosongo lokulimala kwezilimo ngokudlulela kwentwasahlobo. Kuvunyelwe ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngoNovemba. Ukuhlwanyelela ubusika obunjalo kuvumela imbewu ukuthi idlule kwinqubo yemvelo yokuhlehla, kanye nokuthola izithombo ezinamandla nezinempilo entwasahlobo.
2. Imbewu ingcwatshwa emhlabathini cishe ngu-0.5 cm. Ngokutshala okujulile, amahlumela awanawo amandla anele okuqhekeza ungqimba lomhlabathi.
3. Ukuze uthole amahlumela asheshayo futhi anobungane ngokwengeziwe, izilimo ngemuva kokunisela kufanele zimbozwe ngefilimu evamile yepulasitiki.
4. Ukutshala okunamathiselwe kungadala ukukhula kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngebanga okungenani lekhilomitha elilodwa nomunye.
5. Uma kunesidingo, ukuthambisa izithombo noma ukutshala izitshalo osezikhulile kuyenziwa.
6. Alissum likhule kusuka imbewu blooms cishe inyanga nesigamu ngemuva kokuvela izithombo mass.

Izithombo

Ihlanganyele ekukhuleni kwezithombo akufanele kube ngaphambi kuka-Mashi.

1. Ukuze uhlwanyele, kudingeka ulungiselele umhlabathi onempilo futhi okhanyayo nendawo ene-acidic encane (pH 5.5-6.2). Indlela ye-seedling isetshenziselwa ukuthola izimbali zokuqala, futhi idumile ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esinganele.
   

   Izithombo eziqinisiwe kufanele zitshalwe ngobude obungama-30-35 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, kepha amanani afanele ancike ezinhlotsheni nasezimpawu zokuhlukahluka kwesitshalo

2. Izilimo kufanele zinikeze ukukhanya okuhle nezimo zokugcina ukushisa, kanye nokubusa okushisa kwe-10-15ºC.
3. Kuyadingeka futhi nokunakekela i-hydration ngokulinganisela kanye nomoya omncane.
4. Ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lokuqala leqiniso ezitshalweni, udinga ukondla izitshalo ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi.
5. Ungahudula izithombo zezimbali phambi kwamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu.

Nakekela engadini kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kuze kube ekuweni

Ukukhula nokulungiswa kwaminyaka yonke kwe-alissum yengadi kulula kakhulu futhi kuqukethe ukunisela isiko lokuhlobisa, kukhulula umhlabathi njalo, kususwe zonke izitshalo zokhula kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu nokugqokwa okuphezulu.

Ungayinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimbali

Esigabeni sezinqubo zokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengxenye esemoyeni yesiko lokuhlobisa, ukunakekelwa okufanele kufanele kunikezwe. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngamanzi amile omiswe ka-40-45 mm wokungaphezulu kwenhlabathi. Ngemuva kokunisela, kunconywa I-Mulch ikuvumela ukuba wenze ukuthambisa kube kunqabile.

Ungasebenzisa uhlelo lwe-autowatering

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa esiteji sokwakha okusebenzayo ngesiko lokuhlobisa lesisindo esiluhlaza. Ama-alissums ase-Perennial aduthiswa ngomanyolo we-nitrogen ofana ne "Agricola-7" ne-urea ngesilinganiso sepuni lomkhiqizo ngamunye ebhakedeni lamanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza okukhulu, isitshalo sidliswa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Izinhlobo zonyaka zidinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu njalo.

Izinqubo zokukhula ezigcwele ngokuphelele kanye nokuqhakaza okugcwele kwe-alissum kudinga ukuqaliswa kokuthena okulungile nokungena ngesikhathi. Entwasahlobo, amaqabunga omisiwe, kanye namagatsha anesifo noma angenamandla, asuswa kuma-perennials.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali zasehlobo, ukuphinda izihlahla kuyaphindwa, futhi wonke amagatsha ezitshalo ancishiswa ngo-50-80 cm, okuzothuthukisa ukuqhakaza kabusha kwezinye izinhlobo ze-alissum.

Ukunakekela ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali: indlela yokuqoqa imbewu

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela kahle isitshalo sokuhlobisa ubusika, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuqoqa imbewu yembewu kusuka ezihlahleni. I-Alyssum iyimbali engamelana neqhwa, ngakho-ke, ayidingi ukwakha indawo ekhethekile ebusika. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, kuvunyelwe ukufaka izithombo zenhlabathi kancane eduze kwezitshalo ngamagatsha wefir noma amahlamvu awile.

Ukuthenwa kwe-alissum yangaphambi kobusika akunconywa

Qhubeka nokuqoqwa kwembewu kufanele kube semnyakeni eyishumi edlule kaSeptemba noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ngale njongo, esimweni sezulu esomile nesizolile, ama-inflorescence ayaqoqwa futhi abanjwe phansi. Imbewu ye-alissum eqoqwe yomisiwe futhi igcinwe kuze kube yilapho itshalwe esikhwameni sezicubu esibhaliwe.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezenza abalimi bakhule

I-Alyssum ingeyokwezivuno zokuhlobisa, ezilungele ukukhula ngisho nabalimi bezimbali be-novice abangakhuli. Izinkinga ezithile ezingenzeka:

• isiko lokuhlobisa aliqhakali ngokwanele - ukuphazamiseka kuhulumeni wokuphaka noma wokunisela, izinga eliphansi lokuchayeka elangeni;
• ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo iphenduka iphuzi - isiza esiphansi somhlaba, ukuntuleka kwezindlela zokunisela ezanele;
• imbali engadini ayikhuli kahle noma ibuniwe - ukubola kwezimpande kubangelwa ukuqothula kwamanzi, uhlobo lokudla olungafanele.

Ngenxa yokungabekezeleleki kwayo, izinkinga ezinesitshalo esinjalo zivame ukuvela, kepha kuncike ekulandelweni okuqinile kwemithetho yokunakekelwa.

Izifo nezilokazane: ithebula lezimpawu nezindlela zokulawula

I-Alyssum itholakala kwezinye izifo nezinambuzane. Ukukhetha uhlobo olusebenzayo nolusebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nohlobo lokwelashwa, kufanele unqume ngokufanele uhlobo lwento elimazayo.

Ividiyo: i-alissum kusuka ekuhlwanyeleni kuya kwezimbali

Ukubuyekezwa okusebenzisekayo

Ngihlwanyela i-alissum ngezigaba eziningana, kuvela ngokushesha okukhulu, izithombo zokuqala zivela ngosuku lwe-5, kakhulu ngezinsuku ezingama-7-10.

cccc-xxxx

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Nginegagasi lesibili le-alissum eliqhakazayo ... elitshalwe ngembewu. Ikhula ngokushesha, yaqhakaza. Unephunga elimnandi kangakanani. Manje ngizositshala unyaka nonyaka.

I-Viktorovna

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Ngihlwanyela konke lapho ngivakashela okokuqala endlini yezwe - endaweni ethile ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi - endaweni yokugcina izingane (noma yisiphi isigaxa, ikhabethe, ibhakede), ngithele amanzi ngamanzi abilayo, ngihlwanyele, ngimboze ngefilimu, izithombo zivela ngokushesha lapho zifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-5 cm etshalwe emhlabathini, njengomthetho lokhu ukuphela kukaMeyi. Lokho konke ukuhlakanipha.

Elvi

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Ngitshala i-alissum esitokisini esingama-250 ngamakhasethi amancane, asikwe ezingxenyeni zekhasethi (kulula kimi). Ngiyigcwalisa ngenhlabathi ekhanyayo, ngisakaze imbewu futhi yiyo. Kuyo, angakhula isikhathi eside kakhulu (ngokungabi nesikhathi nesikhathi). Futhi-ke ngidlulisela ku-cartridge yesi-6. Ukusuka kulo sekuvele kuhlala indawo yokuhlala unomphela.

frosik

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/424706/

Ezimweni zesiko le-horticultural, i-alissum yezitshalo zokuhlobisa yaziwa muva nje, kepha ukuthandwa kwayo kuyanda njalo ngonyaka. Isizathu sokufunwa kwalembali enhle kangaka sifanekiselwa ukungabekezeleleki nokunakekelwa ngokweqile, iphunga loju oluqinile nolukhanyayo olufaka lesi sitshalo.