I-Hawthorn yi-shrub engatholakala emaphakathini aphansi enyakatho yezwe. Iyaziwa kabanzi ngokuthi isitshalo esihle se-melliferous, se-ornamental kanye nemithi. Cabanga ngesithombe nencazelo yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-hawthorn.
Okuvamile noma i-Spiny
Lezi zinhlobo zisakazwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Umuthi omncane noma u-shrub, ufinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-8. Amaqabunga anama-oval, ane-three-lobed, abekwe kuma-petioles kuze kufike ku-2 cm ubude. Ubuso beqabunga lucala, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phezulu futhi luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngezansi. Amagxolo omuthi awuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa amagatsha abomvu obomvu, ahlanganiswe nezinsimbalwa ezimbalwa ubude obungu-2 cm. I-shrub iqhakaza ngama-inflorescences amancane. 
Izimbali zimhlophe noma zibomvu, zifinyelela ku-1.5 cm ububanzi. Izithelo ziyingqimba, zihlangene, zifinyelele ku-1 cm ububanzi, zibomvu zibomvu. Esikhathini sangasese samanzi sesithelo sinamathambo amabili. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza - ngoMeyi-Juni, fruiting - Agasti. Izithelo nezimbali ze-Hawthorn ezijwayelekile zisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko njengomuthi. Badliwa fresh futhi ekheniwe.
Kubalulekile! I-Hawthorn isetshenziselwa imithi yomuntu njenge-cardiovascular and sedative. Kodwa-ke, kanye nomphumela ozuzisayo walesi sitshalo unemibono ephikisanayo. Akunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise kubesifazane abakhulelwe nabalahlayo.
I-Altai
Esimweni, i-Altai hawthorn ikhula e-Asia Ephakathi nephakathi. Isihlahla sifinyelela ku-6 m ubude, singabizwa ngokuthi izitshalo ezithandayo ezihlala emhlabathini oyisitembu ezinokuqukethwe okulinganiselwe kwezakhi zamaminerali. Ama-blade ama-blade awanalutho, ama-oval-triangular shape, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimbali ziqoqwe nge-inflorescences isambulela sombala omhlophe. 
Izithelo zesimo esiphezulu esingaba ngu-1 cm, umbala we-orange-ophuzi. I-pulp iqukethe imbewu engu-5. Ukulimala kuqala ngonyaka wesithupha. I-Altai hawthorn ine-hardiness ebusika omuhle kanye nesilinganiso sokukhula esijwayelekile. Lezi zinhlobo zivikelwe ezindaweni zokugcina. Izimbali nezithelo zisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko.
Ukuthandwa kohlobo
Endle, itholakala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga eNyakatho Melika. Ngenxa yokuthi kungokwamaqabunga ama-frost, izitshalo ezivimbela isomiso kanye nezitshalo, kubuye kuvamile nakumasiko eRussia ezindaweni ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga. 
Lesi sihlahla esiningi sifike emamitha ayi-6 ukuphakama, amagatsha awo ahlanganiswe amathanga amaningi angama-curved kuze kube ngu-6 cm ubude. Amahlamvu amaqabunga edayimani afakwe kuma-petioles kuze kube ngu-4 cm ubude. Izimbali zimhlophe, zifinyelela ububanzi obuyi-2 cm futhi ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences. Isithelo sibomvu obomvu obomvu elliptical nge-pulp enomsoco. I-plant blooms ngoMeyi, izithelo - ngoSeptemba. Ngokuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukudala izicingo ezibukhoma.
I-Daursky
Ububanzi balezi zinhlobo zisezindaweni eziseningizimu zaseMpumalanga Siberia, eMpumalanga Ekude, engxenyeni esenyakatho yeChina neMongolia. Izihlahla eziqhakazile, ezifinyelela ku-6 m, zivame ukutholakala emithambekeni yezintaba, ezigodini zemifula, phakathi kwezihlahla. Amagatsha omthunzi we-lilac afaka ama-2 cm ubude. Amaqabunga amaqabunga ama-oblong ane-end endle, enganciphisi, ekhula kuma-petioles kuze kufike ku-1.5 cm ubude. 
Izimbali zombala omhlophe nge-anthers ezibomvu ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences. Izithelo zidliwayo, isimo se-spherical, umbala obomvu-orange. I-shrub ihluma ngoMeyi, i-fruiting - ngo-September. Ekwindla, amaqabunga e-Dahurian hawthorn. It isetshenziswa njengesitshalo zokwelapha futhi ngenhloso yokuhlobisa njengoba uthango.
Douglas
Ngokwemvelo, ikhula enyakatho nasempumalanga ye-United States naseningizimu-ntshonalanga eCanada. Isihlahla somuthi sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-13, futhi ububanzi - kufika ku-50 cm. Amagatsha angaba yingozi futhi abe nomqhele okhulu. Kukhona cishe akukho spikes kubo. Amagxolo asundu, amagatsha abomvu. I-lamina ene-oval ene-pepe ekhonjiwe iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphezulu nangaphezulu. Ibekwa esiteshini se-2 cm. 
Izimbali zombala omhlophe ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences wezingcezu ezingu-10-20. Ama-anther on stamens aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvana embala. Izithelo zimnyama, zinomumo we-ellipsoid futhi zifake amaqoqo e-drooping. Inyama iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-sweet to the taste. Isetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuhlobisa emagcekeni, amapaki nezitidi.
Ukudla Okumnandi
Endle, lezi zinhlobo zisakazwa eKamchatka, eSakhalin, Primorye, eJapane. Kusukela ngo-1880, kwaziswa eMelika naseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Umuthi ufinyelela ku-6 m ubude, unomqhele we-pyramidal futhi uthanda ukukhula endaweni yehlathi. Amagxolo ayimpunga futhi aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka, amahlumela amancane anenhlansi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi amaqabunga amnyama. Amagatsha ahlanganiswe izinsiza ezimfushane kuze kufike ku-1.5 cm ubude. 
Amapuleti angenayo amafutha, a-9-11 aqoshiwe, afakwe kuma-petioles kuze kufike ku-2 cm ubude. Izimbali ezimhlophe, zibuthelwa ngaphansi kwe-inflorescences ezincane. Ama-anther on stamens anombala omnyama-omnyama. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zombala we-wax-omnyama zinomumo oyingxenye yobubanzi obuyi-1 cm. Inyama eluhlaza. Isetshenziswe njengesitshalo sehlobiso sepaki ne-walkway plantings.
Krupnopylnikovy noma krupnokryachkovy
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu e-United States naseningizimu yeKhanada. Itholakala naseRussia. Ingabe isihlahla esihlahla samahlathi silinganiselwa ku-6 m ukuphakama nesigqinsi se-trunk kuze kube ngu-20 cm? ikhetha inhlabathi enezinhlamvu. I-trunk ihlanganiswe negxolo elimnyama elimnyama noma elimpunga ngendlela yamafolda oblong. Amagatsha amancane ombala obomvu obomvu anamabala amaningi amacwebe aphikisayo avela ku-14 cm ubude. 
Amaqabunga asho ngokucacile amahlumela amancane, elinganisa u-7 cm ngo-5 cm, uma eqala ukukhanya okubomvu. Kamuva, i-lamina plate ithola umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka omnyama, futhi ekwindla iphuzi elibomvu. Izimbali ziqoqwe nge-inflorescences ezincane ezitholakala emaceleni omzimba omncane omncane wezinwele. Amacembe amhlophe kanti ama-anthers ama-stamens aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka. Izithelo zefomu le-apula elinamaphesenti angama-8 mm liqoqwe ngamaqoqo aqondile. Umbala wabo ubomvu obomvu, obuqhakazile, inyama iyomphuzi omnyama, omile.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza - ekuqaleni kukaJune, ukuhluma - ukuqala kuka-Okthoba. Ubusika obunzima bezinga lokukhula liphakathi. Isetshenziselwa ukwakha izithiyo eziphilayo, ngoba yizinhlobo ezinamahlumela kakhulu ezinamahlamvu aminyene.
I-soft or semi-soft
I-hawthorn enobuthi ibonakala njengezinhlobo ezinkulu ezihlotshisiwe. Isici sayo esiyinhloko yisithelo esiphundu. Indawo yokuhlala ye-hawthorn esithambile ihlanganisa ingxenye engenyakatho-mpumalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Kusukela ngo-1830 isatshalaliswa ensimini yaseYurophu yaseRussia. Isihlahla size sibe ngu-8 m ubude, sikhetha ukukhula emithambekeni emanzi namaphethelo ehlathi. Isihlalo sobukhosi sinabantu obukhulu, siphezulu. Amagxolo ayimpunga elula. 
Amahlumela ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuqala futhi aphelile, ahlanganiswe nezimpande ezibukhali kuze kufike ku-9 cm ubude. Amaqabunga amaqabunga ayesimo se-oval, u-3-4 lobed, obumnyama obombala, ushintshe obomvu obomvu ngekwindla. Izimbali zinkulu, zifike ku-2.5 cm ububanzi, ziqoqwe nge-inflorescences ezincishisiwe ze-corymbose. Ukulimala kwenzeka kusukela eminyakeni engu-6 ubudala. Izithelo zibomvu-orange nge inyama ephuzi. I-hawthorn enobuthi iyasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuhlobisa nokubukeka kahle. Kungenxa yezitshalo zasebusika-eziqinile ezizizwa kahle emadolobheni.
Kubalulekile! Kunezinambuzane eziningi ezithinta i-hawthorn. Ama-butterflies (i-hawthorn, i-scraped off, i-golden-tails, i-cocoon-spear), ama-aphid athola amaqabunga namafihlethi, futhi ukulimala kwezinambuzane kubangela amagatsha kanye nesiqu. Izimila zingabhekana ne-powdery isikhutha namaqabunga amaqabunga.
Odnopepichny
Lezi zinhlobo zisatshalaliswa eYurophu, enyakatho-ntshonalanga naseningizimu ye-Afrika, eMaphakathi naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, eNew Zealand, eNyakatho Melika nase-Australia. Lesi sitshalo sikhetha inhlabathi enamandla yobumba ngokuqukethwe kwe-lime. Ivela emaphethelweni ehlathi, emathafeni amadwala, eduze kwemifula. Umuthi ukhula ufike kumamitha ayi-6 ubude futhi unomqhele ohlangene ohlangene namagatsha anemibala enemibala enemibala enemibala enamakhashazi, evame ukumbozwa ngemifino encane engaba ngu-1 cm ubude. 
Amapulangwe e-Leaf afanana nesimo esine-oval, ekhululekile, enomnqumo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, afakwa emanzini aphakathi kwe-petioles kuze kufike ku-2 cm ubude. Izimbali eziyi-1.5 cm ububanzi, ezinezimpapu ezimhlophe, zihlangene zibe ama-inflorescences ahlanzekile. I-stamens ine-anthers ebomvu. Isithelo esenziwe ngokubomvu esinama-apula sine-bone elilodwa. Ngaphakathi kohlaka lwezinhlobo zezilwane, izinhlobo eziningi ze-hawthorn ziqukethe, ezingafani nesimo somqhele, iqabunga lamagatsha, umbala nesakhiwo sembali.
Inesicelo esikhulu kakhulu nokusatshalaliswa, ngoba kunesidingo esincane semiswakama nemibandela yokushisa kune-hawthorn evamile. Ubunzima bebusika buyisilinganiso.
Ngokwe-hybridization yalezi zinhlobo, izinhlobo eziningi ze-hawthorn zakhiwe ngezici ezithile:
- Umqhele wePiramidi.
- Amagatsha aphikisiwe noma okulila.
- Izihluthulelo eziphihliwe.
- Terry izimbali.
- Umbala wezimbali ubomhlophe, obomvana, obomvu, obomhlophe nomngcele obomvu.
- Ifomu elifakwe amafomu, elifakwe amahlamvu, elifakwe emanzini.
- Umbala weqabunga lamagqabi obomvu, ophuzi, obomvana.
Kubalulekile! I-cultivar ye-hawthorn engapheliyo (f.hiflora) ezindaweni ezinemibhoshongo yesimo sezulu esifudumele kabili: phakathi nobusika kanye nentwasahlobo.
Peristonadreshenny
Endle, likhula eMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia, eChina naseKorea. Kusukela ngo-1880 bathuthela emasimini nasemapaki aseWestern Europe nase-United States. Isihlahla esithande ukukhanya noma i-shrub sithandwa kakhulu, senza umhlabathi futhi sikhula ezindaweni zokusika kanye namahlathi omfula. Amagxolo anombala omnyama omnyama, amahlumela amasha - anombala. I-lamina i-oblong-ovoid, enezibhangqa ezingu-3 zokusikeka okujulile okufakwe kwi-petiole cishe ubude obuyi-5 cm.
I-Inflorescences yakha izimbali ezimhlophe, ziphenduka pink ngokuphela kwezimbali ne-pink anthers ezigodini. Izithelo zibomvu, zimila ngamachashazi amhlophe. I-pulp isinyene, ibomvu. Isitshalo yilona uhlobo oluhlobisa kakhulu futhi lukhula ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ubunzima bebusika buphakeme.
I-Pontic
Indawo yokusabalalisa ihlanganisa iCaucasus, Turkey, Central Asia, enyakatho ye-Iran. Isihlahla sikhula sibe ngu-10 m ukuphakama, sinomqhele obanzi futhi sithanda umhlabathi owomile. Amagxolo amnyama, amahlamvu amancane ashicilela, ngaphandle kwamameva. I-lamina i-ovate-wedge-eyakheke nge-dissection eyingxenye emihlanu, umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, efakwe ku-petiole cishe u-1 cm ubude. 
Izimbali ezimhlophe ezine-anthers ezimhlophe ku-stamens zihlangene zibe ama-inflorescences amancane. Izithelo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinamaphesenti angaba ngu-28 mm zimbozwe ngamachashazi, zibe nefomu eliyinqamule. Inyama iyadliwa, inyama, ngakho-ke iyasetshenziswa kabanzi ngabantu bendawo. Isihlahla sinomsuka oqinile wezimpande, ngakho-ke kungasiza ukuqinisa imithambeka.
Uyazi? Esikhathini samaCeltic, hawthorn - kungumuthi wokuhlanzeka okuphoqelekile. Ngokomlando wesiNgisi, lapho i-hawthorn, i-aspen ne-oak ikhula ndawonye, ama-fairies avela. Kodwa kufaneleka ukwesaba ukuhlangana nabo ngo-Ivanov Day noma Day All Saints. Imimoya ingadonsa noma isuse.
I-Siberia noma i-red ebomvu
Emvelweni, inendawo enkulu kakhulu yokusatshalaliswa eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga Siberia, empumalanga yezwe laseYurophu yaseRussia, Asia Ephakathi, Kazakhstan, Mongolia naseChina. Isitshalo noma umuthi ongenamaphutha, onesizotha, ofinyelela ku-4 m ukuphakama, ukhetha inhlabathi yamatshe enhlabathi ngaphandle kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuphila komuthi kungafinyelela eminyakeni engama-400. Amagxolo wesihlahla asundu omnyama, amagatsha amancane abomvu wegazi. 
Amagatsha ahlanganiswe nezimpande ezincane cishe ama-4 cm ubude. Amapuleti angenamafutha omzimba omningi we-rhombic, ama-large-toothed, ane-3-5 lobes ombala obomvu obomvu afakwa kuma-petioles kuze kufike ku-2 cm ubude. Izimbali zombala omhlophe zihlangene zibe ama-inflorescences amakhulu anamanzi anther purple on stamens. Ukuqhakaza okukhulu kubonakala ngoJuni. Izithelo ziyi-globular elongated, umbala obomvu wegazi. Esimweni sayo esivuthiwe, i-pulp iyi-powdery, esobala, emuncu-omnandi.
Isikhathi se-fruiting ngo-September-Okthoba, kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka engu-10-12 ubudala. Umuthi ukhula kancane, kodwa isikhathi eside. Inesicelo esikhulu: kwezokwelapha, imithi yezilwane, njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, ekuphekeni, amagxolo asetshenziswa njenge-agent yokuthungula kanye nokwenza idayi elibomvu ngendwangu, kuyisitshalo esihle seju.
Ukuze uthole inqwaba yobusi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ube nenani elikhulu lezitshalo zezinyosi eduze kwe-apiary: i-rapeseed, i-white acacia, i-maple, i-cherry plum, i-pear, i-cherry, i-linden, i-apula, i- rowan, i-heather, i-phacelia, i-slyti, i-oregano, i-melluna, i-sage, i-crunise evamile, hlwayela i-thistle.
I-Siberian Hawthorn, esekelwe database yase-US Botanical Garden (Missouri) inezinhlobo ezingu-8.
Shportsevy
I-hawthorn iyisivunguvungu esivela eNyakatho Melika, kodwa iveza izithelo kahle ezindaweni zaseMoscow, Voronezh, nase-Orel zaseRussia naseningizimu yePrimorsky Territory. Isihlahla esinqabileyo, esifinyelela emamitha ayisishiyagalombili, sibe nomqhele ogqamile futhi isiqu esifushane sikhula kahle emithambekeni yezintaba ezincane emhlabathini owakhiwa ngenxa yezulu of rock. Amagxolo e-trunk anombala ompunga obomvu nesimo se-lamellar.
Amahlumela amancane anombala obomvu obomvu ngezinhlanzi eziningi zika-6-10 cm ubude, ezigobile phansi. Amagqabha e-elliptical ngesiphelo esicacile, esiphezulu, esinyene, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka engxenyeni engenhla futhi elula ngezansi abekwa kuma-petioles kuze kufike ku-2 cm ubude. Izimbali zombala omhlophe ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescences angenalutho ne-pink anthers kuma-stamens. Izithelo ezine-bluish bloom zifana ne-apula, ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ezibomvu. Inyama iyomile. 
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza - April, fruiting - Okthoba. Ngokuyisisekelo sinomsebenzi wokuhlobisa, nakuba izinwele zezinwele zibekezelela kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo. Umbala wamahlamvu uba obomvu obomvu ngekwindla, kanti izithelo aziwi kuze kube sehlobo.
Uyazi? Igromegranate yaseRowan enezithelo ezimuncu-elimnandi ngaphandle kokufutheka yatholwa nguMichurin ngemuva kokuvundiswa kwezimbali zentaba ash ne-pollen evamile ye-hawthorn ebomvu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zentaba ash has amajikijolo ubukhulu bama cherry ahlanzekile, futhi ukukhanya kwazo kubonakala ngokucacile esithombeni.Ukubonakala kwe-Crataegus crus-galli kufaka phakathi izinhlobo eziningana ezingafani:
- f.blongata - umbala ogqamile kanye nesimo esithintekayo sesithelo;
- f.pyracanthifolia - ubukhulu besithelo sincane, ngombala ocacile kanye nefomu eliguquguqukayo le-lamina;
- f.nana - fwarfomu ifomu;
- f.salicifolia - ishidi lamaplastiki elincane elinomumo oguquliwe;
- f.inermis - ayikho imifino;
- i-f.sploudojis - ipuleti elibomvu elikhanya ngokukhanya ngefomu elungisiwe.
