Ungakhula Kanjani I-Shrub Chrysanthemums Eqinile

I-Shrub chrysanthemum ingumhlobiso wangempela wezakhiwo eziningi zasendlini, kepha ukuze ulondoloze ubuhle bokuhlobisa kwesiko, kufanele ukhethe ngokufanelekile okuhlukahlukene ngokuya ngesimo sezulu nendawo okulinywayo kuyo, kanye nokugcina imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela ingadi noma isitshalo esingaphakathi endlini.

Izici zokukhula kwama-chrysanthemums asendulo njengesiko lendawo engadini

I-Bush chrysanthemum imelwe ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, inani lazo manje lidlula izinkulungwane eziyishumi. Zonke zihlukile esikhathini nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ukhetho oluhle kakhulu lokucabanga kwemibhede yezimbali ehlobo nasekwindla. Lapho uhlela ukutshala okuhlobisa, ukuphakama nobubanzi bezitshalo zasehlathini kufanele kucatshangwe.

AmaShrub chrysanthemums aqhakaza ngisho noma izimbali eziningi sezivele zivele ngemuva kwesithwathwa sokuqala

Kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo ezinde eduze kwezitshalo ezinde kahle, futhi komakhelwane abakhula kancane, kukhethwa izilimo eziphakeme kancane.

Uhlobo lwesihlahla lwama-chrysanthemums lunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-650 ezinomehluko ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukwakheka, usayizi, kanye nombala, usayizi we-inflorescence

Izinhlobo ze-Shrub ze-chrysanthemum zihlobana ikakhulukazi nezinhlobo zisetshenziswa futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komhlaba.

Ngisho abalimi abanolwazi bayamangala ngemibala ehlukahlukene yama-chrysanthemums, izinhlobo nezinhlobo zawo

Emkhakheni ovulekile, isiko lokuhlobisa liqhakaza isikhathi eside futhi kuningi, kaningi izinyanga ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.

Izigqoko ezinemibala ekhanyayo yama-chrysanthemums afafaza engeza izakhi ezidingekayo ekwakhiweni, lapho ungahlukanisa khona izingxenyana zibe yizicucu ezihlukile noma hlanganisa izinhlobo zezimbali eziningana ngendlela enobunye

Ukuqala kokuqhakaza kwezimbali nobude bawo kuncike ezimweni zokuhlukahluka kanye nesifunda sokutshala.

Amasayizi nobukhulu bamahlahla kanye nezimbali zama-chrysanthemums kuyahlukahluka kububanzi obukhulu, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukukhetha izinhlobo kunoma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali - kusukela ngaphambili kuya ngokuzithoba eduze kwemvelo

Izinhlobo eziqukethe i-bush chrysanthemum zinomehluko obonakalayo kusuka ezinhlotsheni zasengadini futhi zibonakaliswa ngamakati aminyene anesihlahla sikamoya owakhiwa ngokuthena nokutshala izinhlobo ngobuningi obukhulu. Amahlumela amaningi anamaqabunga aqoshiwe asebenza njengohlobo lwesizinda esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sezimbali eziqhakazayo eziqongweni zamahlumela. "Ikhaya" chrysanthemums liqhakaza ehlobo nasekwindla.

Ama-chrysanthemums abunjiwe angatshalwa enhlabathini evulekile, kepha lapho-ke kuyodingeka ukuthi abiwe futhi adluliselwe emabhodweni ebusika

Izinhlobo ze-Shrub ze-chrysanthemum zishintshwa kahle ukuze zikhule kuvulandi, kwi-loggia noma kwi-ithala. Zifanekiselwa izinhlobo ezijwayelekile, eziyindilinga, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-squat kanye nokusakazeka. Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuqhakaza izimbali sithatha ishumi leminyaka eledlule futhi cishe kulo lonke ekwindla, kuze kube yilapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo.

I-Chrysanthemum ibhekwa kufanele njengendlovukazi yasekwindla yezimbali ezinde futhi eziqhubekayo

Ingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlobo ezithandwayo ezivinjwa abafuyi baseDashi, amaNdiya, amaJapane nabaseKorea. Izinhlobo zaseNdiya zithanda ukushisa, ngakho-ke zilungele kakhulu ukukhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezivalekile zomhlaba.

Ama-chrysanthemum aseNdiya avame ukuvuthwa kakhulu ezindlini zenhlabathi enomthi

Izinhlobo zamaDashi nezaseJapan nazo zikhula ikakhulukazi ezimweni zezulu ezipholile futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okunekhono, okuphathelene nobungcweti.

Izimbali ezinhle zama-chrysanthemums zifanekisela injabulo, ubuningi, isikhathi eside

Izinhlobo zaseKorea zihlala isikhathi eside. Athatha izimpande kahle ezindaweni ezinobungozi bezolimo, ebusika obubandayo futhi hhayi ehlobo ende kakhulu. Ensimini yezindawo eziningi zaseRussia, izinhlobo zaseKorea zama-chrysanthemums atshalwa, futhi ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu cishe zingatshalwa noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthanda ukushisa.

Uhlelo lwezimpande lwamaChrysanthemums aseKorea lunamandla amakhulu, ngakho-ke izinhlobo eziningi ziyakwazi ukubusika endaweni evulekile enendawo yokukhosela encane

Izithombe nezincazelo ezimfushane zezinhlobo ezithandwayo

Ukukhetha ama-chrysanthemums afanele kakhulu engadini yakho, kufanele wazijwayeze ngezinhlobo eziningi ezithandwa ngabalimi.

Minx

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla ngamasentimitha angama-60-70. Umbala wmbali yezimpaphe ungamasentimitha angama-5-6 - onsomi noma ompunga. Iqhakaza phakathi kukaSepthemba.

"I-Minx" - izinhlobo ezi-chrysanthemums zaseKorea

U-Alice

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-35 kuya kwengama-40. Umbala wentyaba ephindwe kabili kathathu ubude ngu-cm. Iqhakaza phakathi no-Agasti.

Akusikho nje ukuthi i-chrysanthemum yalokhu okuhlukahlukene ibizwa ngokuthi "imbali yegolide"

Bacardi

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-50. Umbala wentyatyambo elula cm cm cm ungaba mhlophe, opinki, ophuzi ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Iqhakaza kulo lonke uSepthemba.

I-Chrysanthemum "Bacardi" ivame ukusetshenziswa ezingomeni zezimbali, ngoba ineziqu ezinamandla nama-inflorescence aqinile.

Osaziwayo

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-70-90. Umbala wimbali elula enamasentimitha angama-3-4 cm uphuzi. Iqhakaza phakathi kukaSepthemba no-Okthoba.

Gubha kungenye yezinhlobo ezejwayelekile esigabeni se-chrysanthemum ephuzi; umbala wamaphalishi uphuzi welanga onomgogodla oluhlaza

Saba

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kucishe kube ngu-70 cm. Umbala wimbali elula enamasentimitha ayi-7 cm ubude noma onsomi. Iqhakaza phakathi kukaSepthemba.

I-Chrysanthemum Saba ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga aminyene aqoshiwe anemifuno emide, ama-inflorescence amhlophe noma ama-burgundy aqukethe amacembe eshubhu

Lolipop

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-40-50. Izimbali eziphinki eziphindwe kabili ezino-rose ezinobubanzi obungu-6-7 cm. Izimbali phakathi kuka-Agasti noSeptemba.

Ukwakheka kwembali ye-Lolipop chrysanthemum kuyinto enhle, ama-inflorescences anephunga elisha elinotshani obomile

Reagan

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla ngamasentimitha angama-75-90. Umbala wembali eyakhiwe ngesipuni enobubanzi obungu-7-10 cm ungolintshi, opinki noma obomvu onomongo ophuzi noluhlaza. Iqhakaza phakathi kuka-Agasti noSepthemba.

Isiqu se-christian Rech chantsanthemum sinamandla impela, amahlamvu awugqinsi, aluhlaza saturated, ukuqina kombala kule vase kuphezulu - kufika ezinsukwini ezingama-20

Mona Lisa

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-150-170. Umbala wembali ungamasentimitha angama-6 - cm - ilac-pink, emhlophe noma kalamula enomgogodla oluhlaza oluhlaza. Izimbali ezahlukahlukene ezifika sekwephuzile.

I-Pale pink chrysanthemum yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle "u-Mona Lisa" iqukethe isihlahla esikhulu esinezimbali eziningi ezincane

I-Baltic (Zembla)

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-65-85. Izimbali zimhlophe, ziphuzi, zipinki futhi ziluhlaza okotshani. Iqhakaza kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Okthoba.

IBaltika iyimpumelelo phakathi kwabalimi; izimbali zalokhu zinhlobonhlobo zilungele izindlu zokuphumula kanye nokwakheka komhlaba

Izindlela zokufakelwa

Ama-chrysanthemums ama-Bush angatshalwa ngokutshala imbewu yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukutshala ukusika, kanye nokuhlukanisa isitshalo esidala. Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ibe enempilo futhi ixege, ibe nezindawo ezinhle zokudonsa amanzi.

Uma kunenhlabathi enobumba esindayo engadini yezimbali esizeni, indawo yokulima yangaphambi kokuphoqelelwa inokwethulwa kwenani elanele lomanyolo we-organic. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunokukhula okungahambi kahle kwesiko lokuhlobisa kanye nokuqandeka kwezihlahla zobusika ebusika.

Ukutshala imbewu

Ukutshala okulungile ngoJanuwari kuvumela ukuthi izithombo zikhule, ziqine futhi ziqhakaze ngonyaka wokuqala wokutshala.

1. Imbewu yesiko lokuhlobisa ayihlanganisiwe emhlabathini, ngakho-ke, ukuhlwanyelwa kwabo komhlaba kwenziwa. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kufanele zifakwe ilebula.
   

   Ukuze ukhule ama-chrysanthemums kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kuyadingeka isitsha, phansi lapho kufakwa khona amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe noma okunye okubekwayo kufakwa njengamanzi
2. Izinga lokushisa lokumila ligcinwa phakathi kuka-17-18 ° C, futhi amahlumela okuqala avele ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa. Izithombo eziqinile zingena kalula emathangini athile okufika emhlabeni, anele ngenhlabathi enempilo.
   

   Inhlabathi yezithombo kufanele ihlale inomswakama, ngakho-ke kufanele ifafazwe ngokuhlelekile kusuka esifuyweni sokufafaza ukuze singaboli

3. Izitshalo zitshalwa ezingadini zezimbali ezivulekile kusukela ngoMeyi kuya maphakathi noJuni. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izihlahla ezikhulwe ezinhlanyelweni zingakheka kahle izimbali ezingafani nhlobo nesitshalo somzali.
   

   IChrysanthemum itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngosuku olunamafu, ngemuva kokutshala, inciphise isihlahla, isifinyeze kalula zonke iziqu, iphinde isithinte futhi emavikini ama-3 ngemuva kokutshala

Ukutshala Izithombo zeChrysanthemum

1. Zonke izinhlobo zama-chrysanthemums zilula ukusikwa. Le ndlela yokuzala iyona ethandwa kakhulu futhi elula. Kwabasiki, isisetshenziswa sezimpande esiphilile futhi esakhiwe kahle sisetshenziselwa, okufanele sibe nama-2-3 internode.
   

   Iziqu ezineziyisi okulukhuni ukuzisusa futhi amahlumela athambile kakhulu ukubola azilungele ukuxhunyelelwa.

2. I-Rooting yenziwa engxenyeni enezakhi mzimba, kufaka phakathi izingxenye ezimbalwa zenhlabathi evundile, ingxenye eyodwa ye-humus nengxenye yesihlabathi esiphakathi. Izimbumbulu zijulwa ngu-25-30 mm bese zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-18-20 ° C. Ukuze ulondoloze i-microclimate efanelekile ngaphezulu kwethangi lokufika eliphelile, "i-dome" ye-polyethylene ngokuqinisekile yenziwa ukuhlinzeka izinga lomswakama oludingekayo. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, izitshalo ezincane zondliwa isisombululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo "Okuhle" noma "Uthingo".
   

   Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukusika okungaphansi kwe-shank kuhamba kahle kunyushelwe kwisisombululo esithuthukisa ukukhula kwezimpande
3. Emavikini amane emva kokuqala kwezingcambu, kukhula uhlelo lwezimpande olunamandla okusikiwe, bese kutshalwa izitshalo ezintsha emibhedeni yezimbali evulekile ezungeze uMeyi-Juni. Umbhede wezimbali wokutshala kufanele ukhanyiswe kahle ukukhanya kwelanga, okumelwe izakhi zomzimba kanye nenhlabathi evunyelwe. Zonke izinhlobo zonyaka zitshalwa kuphela entwasahlobo, kepha ama-perennials angatshalwa zombili entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
   
   

   Esontweni lokuqala emva kokutshalwa kwezithombo, umswakama omningi womhlaba nenhlabathi kubaluleke kakhulu

Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Ubungqabavu bama-agrotechnics ama-chrysanthemums ama-shrubby afaka isidingo sokumba isitshalo njalo emva kweminyaka emithathu, ahlukanise izingxenye ezithile nokutshala, okuvimbela ukuwohloka kwesiko lokuhlobisa. Ukwephulwa kwalesi simiso kwenza amahlathi angavamile futhi nezimbali zincane.

Lesi sitshalo simbiwa ngokunakekelwa ukuze singalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande, futhi uma kukhona amahlumela aseceleni ngokweqile kuwo, ayanqunywa.

Lesi sitshalo simbiwe ngokucophelela, uhlelo lwezimpande lukhululiwe emhlabathini, amahlumela amadala asuswe, emva kwalokho amagatsha amasha ahlukaniswa futhi atshalwe kwizimbobo zokutshala ezilungiselelwe kwangaphambili eziqhele ngamamitha ayi-25 ukusuka kwelinye. Umcimbi wenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti.

Nakekela engadini kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kuze kube ekuweni

I-Shrub chrysanthemum ayikhukhumali, kodwa ukunakekelwa okukufanele kuphela okukuvumela ukugcina lesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa sinempilo futhi sinezimbali ezinde. Izinyathelo ezibalulekile, ezijwayelekile okufanele zinikezwe ku-chrysanthemum zifaka ukuthambisa, ukugqoka phezulu nokuthena.

Ungayinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuqhakaza: ukuthambisa, umanyolo, izihlahla

Ama-Chrysanthemums angawezitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo zemihlobiso yamahora amafushane ilanga lasemini, kodwa ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okuningana, kubalulekile ukunikeza ukukhanya. Lapho ikhule ku-floriculture engaphakathi, kufakwa ipulangwe yezimbali noma imbiza efakwe efasiteleni ewindini lasempumalanga noma lasentshonalanga. Umswakama womoya nawo uhlinzekwa ngezinga lama-40-50%.

AmaChrysanthemums akhulelwe ekhaya akafuni ukunakekelwa, akhule kahle, aqhakaza kakhulu futhi azalwe kalula

Ukufafaza izingxenye zasemoyeni kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-chrysanthemums amelana nesomiso, izindlela zokunisela zenziwa njalo, kepha hhayi kakhulu. Ukuthambisa kwenhlabathi kwenziwa ngemuva kokuthi umhlabathi ongaphezulu womile. Ukunisela, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa ukufudumeza phezulu elangeni futhi kuxazululwe namanzi.

Uma utshala ama-chrysanthemums ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile, ezilungele umbala we-inflorescence, ebhodweni elilodwa, khona-ke ngesikhathi sezimbali zizobukeka zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu

Ama-Chrysanthemums asabela kahle ekugqokeni okufika ngesikhathi okufika ngesikhathi, futhi ngenxa yokuqhakaza okuningana, isitshalo esinjalo kufanele sihlinzeke inhlabathi egcwele ama-humus namaminerali. Kokondla kokuqala ngemuva kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo, ama-organics ngokufakwa kwe-superphosphate asetshenziswa. Ukugqoka kwesibili okuphezulu kwenziwa emasontweni ambalwa emva kwenkathi yokukhula. Ukugqoka kwesithathu okuphezulu kwethulwa esigabeni sokukhula kwe-bud futhi kufanele kuqukethe i-45 g ye-potassium ne-25 g ye-phosphorus.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kuqale izinsuku eziyi-10 ngemuva kokuvela

Ukuphina nokugaya kukhuthaza ukwakheka kwamagatsha amasha akwi-chrysanthemum yokufafaza, futhi kuthinte kahle ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezimpande. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezincane zingaphinwa phezu kweqabunga lesihlanu, ezizokuvumela ukuthi uthole umqhele oqabulayo. Ukwakha ama-inflorescence amakhulu futhi amahle, onke amahlumela aseceleni asikiwe, nawo wonke ama-buds, ngaphandle kwelokuqala.

Ukunakekela ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Ungasilungisa kanjani isitshalo ebusika

Ukulungiswa kwama-chrysanthemums wokufafaza ubusika obunempumelelo ezindaweni eziningi kufanele kuqale ekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma Septhemba. Emhlabathini ovulekile ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ukulungiselela ubusika kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium, izihlahla emva kokuqhakaza endaweni ephakeme ka-10-15 cm ngaphezu komhlaba, ukugoqa kanye nokufafaza ngamahlamvu owomile. Njenge-mulch, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amagatsha we-spruce spruce noma utshani obomile.

I-mulching - ukumboza inhlabathi ngemboza mulch ukuze ivikeleke futhi ithuthukise izakhiwo zayo; indima ye-mulch ingenziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha, isibonelo: utshani, lapnik, bark, isihlabathi

Izinhlobo ezinganele zobusika obukhulu-obune-flow-flow kanye no-European hybrids wokumba ngenkathi ebandayo zimbiwa zihlanganiswe nesigaxa sodaka, ngemuva kwalokho zifakwe emabhokisini enkuni afakwe egumbini elikhanyayo ezingeni lokushisa lika-2-6 ° C kanye nomswakama womoya osendaweni engu-75-85%. Ibhola lomhlaba kufanele linyiswe ngezikhathi ezithile. Futhi, ukugcina ama-chrysanthemums egumbini elingaphansi noma emiphongolweni kunikeza umphumela omuhle.

Uma unokukhetha ukuthi ungawagcina kuphi ama-chrysanthemums ebusika, nikeza ukukhetha egumbini eliqhakazile. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngaphandle kokukhanya ngesikhathi sokubanda, i-chrysanthemum iyaphela, iba mnyama futhi ayinamandla

Izitshalo zasendlini ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali nazo kufanele zilungiselelwe kahle ebusika. Ama-buds owomile ayasuswa, futhi wonke amagatsha awomile futhi awonakele asikiwe. Imvamisa yezindlela zokunisela iyancishiswa kancane kancane, emva kwalokho ibhodwe elinezitshalo lifakwe endaweni epholile, kepha ngaphandle kokuswakama ngokweqile nezinhlaka. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiko lokuhlobisa elingaphakathi alifakwa manzi, ligcinwa ngaphandle komanyolo ekushiseni komoya okungu-5 ° C. Entwasahlobo, isitshalo esishicilelwe phansi siyatshalwa. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen wokugqoka okuphezulu, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kusetshenziswa ukwakheka kwe-nitrate.

Uma kukhawulelwe ukuthenwa kwentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sizokhula kakhulu futhi sizobukeka singasebenzi

Ividiyo Yokukhula Kwezimbali: Izeluleko Zesazi

Yiziphi izinkinga ezenza abalimi bakhule

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-chrysanthemums awavikeleki kakhulu futhi amelana nezifo eziningi nezinambuzane zezitshalo, abalimi abaningi banezinkinga ezithile ngokutshala kwalesi siko lokuhlobisa.

Ithebula 1: Izifo kanye Nezinambuzane ze-Bush Chrysanthemums

Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kudinga ukusetshenziswa okulungile kokufaka umanyolo. Ukushintshwa kwenhlabathi ngamanyolo e-nitrogen kubangela ukuthi lesi sitshalo siluleke, ama-buds alahlekelwe umbala bese amaqabunga aqothuka. Ukuntuleka kokugqoka okuphezulu okunjalo kuhambisana nenkambiso yellowness, kanye namaqabunga awayo, ukunquma izimbali. I-phosphorus iyadingeka ukuze isitshalo sisesimweni sokuqhakaza nangesikhathi sokukhula. Ama-phosphate manyolo anconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngezinto eziphilayo.

Imvamisa, isivande sengadi nengaphakathi endlini siyagula, futhi futhi ngokwengxenye noma kuphele ngokuphelele ukuheha kwayo ngokunakekelwa okunganele noma ezimweni zokungahambisani nemithetho yesondlo.

Ithebula 2: amaphutha ekunakekelweni, ukubonakaliswa kwazo kanye nezinketho zokususa

Ezimweni eziningi, ama-chrysanthemums engadi aqala ukuqhakaza ngokucebile futhi lapho ezinye izitshalo eziningi zokuhlobisa sezivele zilahla ukukhanga kwazo futhi zilungiselela iholide ebusika. Izitshalo, ezihluke ngendlela ephakeme ngobude, ngosayizi nesimo saso hlathi, azifuneki ukunakekela, kepha ukulandela imithetho yokukhula kukuvumela ukuthi ungagcini ngokuba miningi kuphela, kepha futhi nokuqhakaza okude kakhulu.