Ukhukhamba watshalwe cishe wonke umhlali wehlobo. Kodwa-ke, akubona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukutshala nokuthi kufanele abatshale kanjani ukuze bathole isivuno esingcono kakhulu. Futhi ikhukhamba iyimifino ekhishwa yi-whimsical ebeka phambili inani lezimfuneko zokuhlwanyela nokunakekelwa. Ngezinsuku zokuhlwanyela kahle nokunakekelwa okufanele, lesi sitshalo singakhula futhi sithele izithelo kokubili ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nasemoyeni ovulekile. Amathiphu uma kungcono ukutshala ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, uzothola kulesi sici.
Izici zokutshala ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, ukukhetha indawo yokutshala
Uma ukutshala ukhukhamba kufanele ucabangele amaphuzu ambalwa. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo ekhumbula izintandokazi zesitshalo. Okwesibili, kufanele ulandele izincomo ngezinsuku zokutshala. Okwesithathu, inhlabathi kanye nembewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela kudinga ukulungiswa kahle.
Ukhukhamba ungatshala ngezindlela ezimbili: imbewu kanye nezithombo. Kulesi sihloko sizogxila kokuqala.
Uyazi? Indlela yokutshala ikuvumela ukuba uthole isithelo amasonto amabili ngaphambi kwenzalo. Ukuhlwanyela izithombo ezenziwa ngoMeyi. NgoJuni 7-10 yisikhathi lapho kubalulekile ukutshala izithombo zamakhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile.Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukunquma indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba. Zilezi ezimbili: ezizungezile neziqondile.
Njengoba ukhukhamba ziyizitshalo ezishisayo kakhulu, indawo yazo kuyadingeka ukukhetha ukukhanya, okufudumele, okuvikelwe imimoya ebandayo, ikakhulukazi evela enyakatho. Kungcono uma umbhede uzobe usuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu - ngakho kuyoba ngaphansi kwelanga lonke usuku.
Uma uhlwanyela ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, landela imithetho yokujikeleza kwezitshalo. Zingahlwanyelwa endaweni lapho iklabishi, ulethisi, i-peas, amazambane, kanye noyotamatisi babedlalwa ngaphambilini. Ayikwazi ukufakwa emva kwamakhukhamba, ubhontshisi, i-zucchini, izaqathe, amakhabe, ngoba zonke lezi zitshalo zinezifo ezivamile nezinambuzane.
Imifino eluhlaza efuna ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo sibonga isivuno esihle uma sifakwa enhlabathini evundile, evulekile nge-acidity neutral.
Umhlabathi wokutshala ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili - kuqala ekwindla, bese kuthi entwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kokuba ukhukhamba uhlwanyelwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Esikhathini sekwindla, umsele uthathe 20-25 cm ejulile no 70 cm ububanzi. Umgodi u-30-35 cm ojulile wenziwa esikhungweni saso. Uhlaka lwesentimitha angu-15, i-peat, i-sawdust, utshani, kufanele kufakwe utshani phansi.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, umhlaba uzodinga ukuqulelwa umquba wokuthumba, i-mullein noma i-bird droppings. Ungasebenzisa, isibonelo, le ndlela: emgodini, ugobile ekwindla, ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, wathela ungqimba wamanqamu angu-25 cm. Khona-ke inhlabathi ingasetshenziswa i-disinfected ngamanzi abilayo nge-manganese. Ngendwangu esilandelayo, u-5-6 kg we-humus kumitha eyodwa yemitha, ilitha elilodwa lomlotha, i-20 g ye-superphosphate, i-10 g ye-usawoti ye-potassium ifakwe enhlabathini evundile. Lolu lendlalelo luthululelwa kumquba ngokuphakama kwama-20 cm. Konke kuhlanganiswe, kuthululwa ngekhambi elishisayo lama-manganese futhi limbozwe ifilimu. Kulo mhlaba, umhlabathi kufanele ufudumele kuze kufike ekushiseni okudingekayo kokufika.
Imbewu idinga ukulungiswa - ukuvuvukala amahora angu 10-12 kuyafakwa emanzini (20-25 ° C). Ngesikhathi esifanayo amanzi ashintshwa izikhathi eziningana. Kunconywa izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ukuqala inqubo yokushisa kwabo ekushiseni okungaphezu kwama-degrees angu-20. Kanti futhi, imbewu ingaqedwa ngokungena kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate, futhi iphathwe ngesithuthukisi sokwanda.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, umsele kumele uphuze kahle. Ukunisela okuphindaphindiwe kuvunyelwe. Bese sisakaza imbewu kule nsila, sishiya phakathi kuka-25-30 cm emkhatsini wabo ngamunye. Imigqa emkhatsini wemigqa kufanele ibe ngu-50 cm ububanzi. Ukhukhamba ukhula kahle emibhedeni ephakeme ka 25-30 cm, imfudumala kakhulu kunejwayelekile. Ufafaze imbewu phezulu ngenhlabathi, uyibeke kancane ngesandla sakho bese uyiphinda.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhlwanyela kuhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sosuku, esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Ukutshala izithombo - kusihlwa noma ngosuku olusenyameni.
Ukuze kugcinwe umswakama okudingekayo nokushisa okumele kutshalwe, kumele kuhlanganiswe ifilimu. Ungakwazi ukumboza ngqo inhlabathi, kodwa kungcono ukwelulela ifilimu ema-arcs. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela, ukuchelela akusekho isidingoLapho amahlumela aphuluka, ifilimu kuzodingeka ivuliwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ivumele umoya-mpilo ungene futhi ungabhubhisi ukushisa okushisayo. I-Shelter isusiwe ngokuphelele uma izimbali zokuqala zivela.
Lapho ukutshala ukhukhamba endaweni evulekile: izimo zezulu, izinsuku zokutshala, ukulungiselela amakhukhamba
Izinsuku zokutshala zamakhukhamba zixhomeke kwisimo sezulu ohlala kuzo, ezimweni zesimo sezulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo, nasezinhlobonhlobo ozikhethayo.
Ukuhlwanyela ekuqaleni
Ungahlwanyeli ukhukhamba ekuseni kakhulu. Umhlaba kufanele ufudumele kahle okungenani ama-degree angu-15 ebusuku. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sitshalo semifino kuyinto engu-18 ... +26 ° ะก. Uma unesithakazelo ukuthi zingaki zokutshala ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukwenza lokhu kungaphambilini kukaJuni 5. Nakuba lolu suku luzoxhomekeka ngesimo sezulu esifundeni ohlala kuso. Uma inhlabathi inesikhathi sokufudumala ekuqaleni, futhi ekupheleni kukaMeyi - ngoJuni ayikho amaqhwa ebusuku, khona-ke ukuhlwanyela kokuqala kungenzeka kusukela ngoMeyi 15 kuya ku-25.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhukhamba itshalwa emazingeni aphansi (10-15 ° C), zingayeka ukukhula ngisho nokufa.
Esinye isici esiqinisekisa ukuthi izinsuku zokuqala zasehlobo zizoba yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala ukhukhamba, yilokhu ikhukhamba isitshalo sosuku olufushane. Ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile, kudinga ukukhanya kwamahora angu-10-12 kuphela. Ngakho-ke, uma utshala ukhukhamba, isibonelo, ekupheleni kukaJuni, khona-ke usuku olude lokukhanya kanye nokushisa okuphezulu ngeke kube yindlela engcono kakhulu ekukhuleni, ekuthuthukiseni nasekuvuneni kwesihlahla.Uma ufuna amakhukhamba ukunikeza isivuno kusasa, kulokhu, awusenakho okunye okumele ukwenze, noma ukutshala ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile ngosizo lwezithombo noma ukukhetha ukulima endaweni yokushisa. Izithombo, njengokuhlwanyela imbewu, kuzodingeka zihanjiswe ensimini kuze kufike ngo-Juni 10, kodwa isivuno siyobe sesikulungele amasonto amabili kuya kwangu-2 - kuze kube maphakathi noJulayi.
Ukukhetha izinhlobo zakudala, ume ku "Umncintiswano", "Cascade", "Universal", njll. Ukutshala phakathi nalesi sikhathi, akufanele ukhethe izinhlobo zokukhetha.
Ukuhlwanyela okuphakathi
Ukuhlwanyela kwesibili kwamakhukhamba, okuphakathi, okwenziwe ngoJuni. Ngokuvamile zonke izinhlobo zifanele ukuhlwanyela okuphakathi. Ngomhlaka 25 - Juni 10 yinkathi yesibili lapho ungatshala ukhukhamba endaweni evulekile. Lapho ukutshala ngoJuni kuyokwenzeka ukuvuna kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Nakuba la magama azohlukahluka kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ozitshalayo: ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni, okuphakathi noma okuvuthwa kwesikhathi.
Ukuhlwanyela kwesikhathi
Ukuhlwanyela kwesikhathi sekwephuzile ukhethe ngokukhethekile okwenzelwe lezi ezihlukahlukene, ukukhethwa okuhamba phambili. Izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa, inkathi ekhulayo eyenza izinsuku ezingu-45-50, nayo inhle kuye. Ukuvuna kwabo kuzohambisana nesikhathi ne-fruiting of utamatisi. Inzuzo yalesi sitshalo ukuthi amakhukhamba amasha azofika etafuleni lakho kuze kube seqhwa lokuqala.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile ngesikhathi kuhlwanyela kwehlobo? Izinsuku zizoxhomekeka ezimweni zezulu nezesimo sezulu, okubonakala kule nkathi. Nokho, nakanjani, kufanele kube ngoJulayi.
Ezimweni ezipholile, ungasebenzisa indlela yokutshala. Uma izimo ziyashisa, imbewu ibeka ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile, noma kunjalo, izitshalo kuzodingeka ziboshwe izitshalo ezinkulu noma zihlanganiswe ne-agrofibre.
Izinhlobo ezidumile zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile
Enye yezihluthulelo zokuphumelela kwamakhukhamba aphakeme ekhanda emkhakheni ovulekile ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo eziguquguqukayo kakhulu zokutshala okunjalo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ukuhluleka nokungahloniphi, okukwazi ukubhekana nezimo zezulu ezimbi. Lezi, isibonelo, "F1 Adam", "F1 Carolina", "F1 Christina", "F1 Sweetheart", "F1 Cappuccino", "F1 Abangane Beqiniso".
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlwanyela ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, zama futhi ukukhetha izinhlobo ezinqabile kakhulu ezifweni nezifo.
Izihlahla ezincane, ukungabi khona kwemivimbo emide nemifula, ukubeka inqwaba yezithelo yizinhlobonhlobo ezahlukeneyo "Ingane", "Kustovoy", "F1 Puccini".Izithelo ezinomsoco nezomnandi zizojabulisa "F1 Athos", "F1 Porthos", "F1 Murashka", "F1 Shchedryk", "F1 Emerald yaseNingizimu".
Uma uthanda ukhukhamba okheniwe, sikukwazisa ukuba unake "iF1 Zodiac", "F1 Perseus", "F1 Nord". Ngokuba i-salting inkulu "F1 Dasha", "F1 Spring", "F1 Crane", "Salting", "F1 Zanachka."
Uyazi? Maka u- "F" esihlokweni sisho imbewu yezinhlamvu.
Izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwekhukhamba ensimini
Emva kokutshala endaweni evulekile, ukhukhamba kuzodinga ukunakekelwa ngendlela yokuchelela okuvamile, ukusilalisa, ukukhulula inhlabathi, i-mulching, i-hilling kanye nomanyolo.
Ukhukhamba zifuna ukunyakaza. Uma zihlale zingaxubani futhi zivunyelwe ukuba zome, izitshalo ezinjalo zingaba mnyama futhi zibe amaqabunga ahlaza. Lapho ukuchelela okuningi kakhulu kushiya ukukhanya, ukuqhuma ukuyeka ukukhula, izithelo ukuwohloka. Uma isikhathi eside kuyoba khona amaconsi abukhali emswakeni nasezingeni lokushisa, lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu izithelo. Umswakama omuhle kunama-80%. Izinga lika-30% nangaphansi lizoholela ekusenikeni kwesiko.
Kunconywa imigomo nemvamisa yokunisela:
- ngaphambi kokuqhakaza - amalitha angu-3-6 ngehora elilodwa. m ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7;
- nge-fruiting - 6-12 amalitha ngehora elilodwa. m ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3.
Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala ayikho umanyolo osebenzayo, ukhukhamba kufanele udliwe kulo lonke isikhathi. Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa lapho amaqabunga okuqala amabili eqiniso avela. Okulandelayo, ugeze kuwo wonke isigaba se-fruiting ngezikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-10-15. Faka i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Kungcono ukushintsha okunye okuyizinto eziphilayo nezinamaminerali omanyolo.
Inqubo efiselekayo yokunakekela ukhukhamba ikhulula inhlabathi. Imikhakha yamakhukhamba ikhula ibe yi-cm 40. Kodwa-ke, inqwaba yabo enkulu iseduze nomhlaba - cishe u-5 cm. Ngakho-ke, ukukhululeka endaweni yempande kufanele kwenziwe ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze kungalimazi izimpande. Ungashintsha le nqubo nge-mulching.
Futhi, lapho izimpande zivezwa, ukhukhamba kufanele ihlulwe. Lokhu kuzobavikela ezifweni zefungal futhi kuzobavumela ukuba bakhule izimpande ezintsha.
Ukuvela ohlangothini lwehlumela, i-pinch yesitshalo. Le nqubo yenziwa esiteshini esikhulu phezu kweqabunga lesihlanu noma lesithupha. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuthuthukiseni i-fruiting.
Uma ukhethe indlela yokumisa okuqondile, lapho ama-lashes afinyelela ubude buka-30 cm, kufanele uqale ukuwahlanganisa. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngezingcezu ezinkulu zezindwangu ukuze ungalimazi isitshalo.
Uma ukhukhamba uqala ukuthela izithelo, kubalulekile ukuwaqoqa ngosuku noma ezinsukwini ezimbili. Uma uyenza njalo lokhu, ukhukhamba okuningi ongayithola. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikhukhamba elivuthiwe ngalinye lingcolise ukwakhiwa kwama-ovari omusha. Kungcono ukuqoqa ekuseni, ngoba izithelo ezivunwa kusihlwa ziyabuna ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile! Amakhukhamba avuthiwe kufanele ahlotshwe ngezingcweti zensimu, ngoba ukugcoba nokuwaqeda kungalimaza isishaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqebelengwane angathandi ukuguqulwa futhi ashintshwe ezindaweni ngezindawo.Ngakho, sitshele indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile. Uma ukhetha ngempumelelo indawo nezinhlobonhlobo, landela izincomo kwimishini yezolimo, ngokuqinisekile uzothola isivuno esihle kakhulu futhi esihlwabusayo ngesikhathi sokufisa esifanele.
