Abalimi abaningi bezimbali bayayazi imbali enhle ye-bromeliad. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-60 zezitshalo. Iningi lazo lithandwa kakhulu engadini yasekhaya. Izwe laseBromelia liyindawo ezishisayo nezindawo ezisabekayo zeLatin America. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zihlangene ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa elijwayelekile - i-bromeliad mix.
Okushiwo igama lembali ye-bromeliad kanye nencazelo yesitshalo
Abathandi bemvelo bathanda ukukhulisa ama-bromeliad houseplants ekhaya ngenxa yokulula kwabo ezimweni zemvelo.
Ngemininingwane! Igama elithi "bromeliad" livela egameni likadokotela waseSweden nodokotela wezitshalo u-Olaf Bromelius.
Ezimweni eziningi, isiqu sezimbali sinomumo esifushane. Amacembe aluhlaza amnyama anamnyama wesakhiwo esinezikhumba enza ifreyimu. Ku-apex, kuyakheka ama-inflorescence obabazekayo ophuzi obomvu noma ophuzi. Baqinisile, umjaho noma ukwethuka. Ama-blooms amakhulu anika lesi sitshalo isimo esihle kakhulu esiyinqaba.
Abanikazi bale mibala ebomvu ebabazekayo bangakhangwa kuphela
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza emithini, amabhokisi ezithelo noma amajikijolo anejusi asele. I-Conjugation ibe inzalo ibonakala kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-bromeliad. Imbali inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-35.
I-Bromeliad imbali - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Ayikho indawo engcono yokukhulisa i-bromeliad kune-sill ewindini endlini, ngoba isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi. Ngokuncono uma ihlakazekile. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kunomphumela olimazayo, obangela ukushiswa kwamahlamvu. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo siqala ukubuna futhi alimaze. Imbali ayibekezeleli umoya omile, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyinikeza umoya ojwayelekile, kepha uyivikele kokusalungiswa.
Indawo ekahle yokukhulisa izimbali - amawindi abheke empumalanga
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukubeka imbali eduze kwefeni noma i-air conditioner, indawo enhle kunazo zonke kuzo kungaba ngamawindi wasemuva. Ebusika, amahora emini ancipha. Ukunakekelwa kwe-bromeliad ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka kufaka ukuhlinzekwa kokukhanyisa okwenziwe ngezinto ezingekho emthethweni. Kepha imithombo ekhanyayo ayithunyelwanga imbali, kepha iqonde ophahleni.
Ukushisa kwe-Optimum
Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elintofontofo le-bromeliad lingama-20 ... +25 degrees. Ebusika, kwanele ukuhlinzeka ngohulumeni ophathekayo obangeni lama- + 15 ... +18 degrees. Izitshalo zasendlini zaseBromeliad zingama-thermophilic. 12 degrees ngaphezulu kwe-zero - kubo lokushisa okubucayi.
Ukunisela futhi moisturizing
Isimo esibalulekile sokugcina imbali ukuqinisekisa ukuthambisa njalo. Udinga ukumanzisa inhlabathi kaningi. Ezinyangeni ezishisayo, ukuthambisa kunikezwa cishe nsuku zonke. Kunconywa ukuthi uthele amanzi emgqonyeni, owakhiwa ngamahlamvu. Uma lokhu kunzima ukwenza, uketshezi luthululelwa emhlabeni obunjiwe. Uketshezi akumele uvunyelwe ukugwilika ebusweni kwengxube yenhlabathi. Kepha kufanele kube khona njalo amanzi epanini. Ebusika, unganisela kaningi imvamisa, hhayi ngaphezu kwesonto kanye.
Ukunisela okufanele kukuvumela ukuthi uthole izitshalo ezinempilo
Isitshalo se-bromeliad sizwa ukhululekile umswakama womoya ongama-70%. Amaqabunga adinga ukunakekelwa ngokuhlelekile futhi anyiswe. Ungasebenzisa isibhamu sokufafaza.
Kwesinye isikhathi kubekwa i-aquarium noma yisiphi isigaxa samanzi eduze kwesihlahla. Kuhle kakhulu ukuba nomswakama wokuphehla ugesi wasendlini. Imvamisa, amatshe amatshe athululelwa esikhwameni bese kuthelwa uketshezi oluncane, bese kubekwa imbiza yezimbali ngaphezulu.
Nakani! Ngokuqina okungamanzi okuqhubekayo ohlelweni lwe-basal, amaqabunga alahlekelwa yi-turgor bese eqala ukuphenduka ophuzi. Lokhu kudalulwa ikakhulukazi kumagumbi apholile. Futhi ukuntuleka komswakama kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi iziphetho zamapuleti eshidi zithola umbala onsundu.
Ngokunisela, udinga ukusebenzisa amanzi axazululiwe. Ngale ndlela baqeda chlorine. Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo ye-photosynthesis yenzeka ezitshalweni, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ubumsulwa bayo futhi kusule ingaphezulu lamahlamvu ngendwangu emanzi kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7.
Ama-Bromeliads ahluke ngokuphelele ngesimo sezimbali namaqabunga.
Ukukhetha kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi
Bromeliad uthanda inhlabathi acidic. Ukulungiselela i-substrate akukhuthaziwe ukusebenzisa inhlabathi engadini. Inketho enhle kakhulu ingaba ukuxuba kwesitolo okwenziwe ngomumo kwama-orchid akhulayo, lapho kufakwa khona isihlabathi ne-peat. Ngokulungiselela okuzimele kwenhlabathi, ungafaka i-humus lapho, engeza ubumba olwandisiwe, namalahle noma i-sphagnum. Ukwakheka okunjalo kukhanywa kahle.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukondla imbali, kusetshenziswa umanyolo owuketshezi. Kunezingubo zokugqoka eziphuma phambili nezimpande. Esimweni sokuqala, uketshezi oluhlanganisiwe oluhloselwe izitshalo eziqhakazayo luhlanjululwa ngamanzi, futhi ukwakheka okuphumayo kuthululelwa ku-sprayer bese umqhele ufafazwa ngayo. Esimweni sesibili, umane unganisela umhlaba ngesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe. Ezitshalweni eziqongweni zezimbali, imvamisa yokondla izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga. Ebusika, le nqubo incishiswa ibe yisikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-1-2.
Kubalulekile! Kuyinto engathandeki ukudalula izihlahla futhi lapho kushaqeka okuhlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuthola imbali endaweni ethengiswayo, akudingekile ukuyifaka kwenye indawo. Uma umthamo ufana nosayizi wesitshalo, ungakushiya kuwo.
Lapho imbiza incane kakhulu, kufanele wenze inqubo elandelayo-yesinyathelo:
- Yenza imbiza nenhlabathi entsha.
- Ukugcwalisa umhlaba ngamandla.
- Yenza umgodi emhlabathini bese uthela kuwo amanzi.
- Hambisa isitshalo esikhungweni esilandelayo.
- Thela inhlabathi ngaphezulu, uyihambise ukuze imbali ihlale ngokuqinile.
Isikhathi sezimbali
I-Bloomeliad blooms ezinyangeni zasehlobo, kodwa kukhona ithuba lokulinganisa le nkathi usebenzisa iqhinga elincane. Uma ufaka i-vase egcwele ama-apula eduze kwembali, noma ubeka imbiza esikhwameni sama-apula izinsuku eziyishumi, inqubo izosheshisa. Isisekelo yilesi: igesi ye-ethylene ekhiqizwa izithelo ivuselela ukwakheka kokuqala kwamahlamvu.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo uma i-bromeliad ihambile? Ngemuva kokulinda ukomiswa okuphelele, izinsalela zesitshalo zinqunywa ngokucophelela. Ukugqama kohlobo lokuthi izimbali zenzeka kanye kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, izingane ziyavela ekuphumeni kukamama (kubizwa izihlahla ezintsha ezivela kubo), bese yena ngokwakhe engaphili.
Ngaphansi kwegama le-bromeliad mix, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezilandelayo zivame ukuthengiswa esitolo:
- Bilbergia
- bromeliad de Zapata;
- uphayinaphu wasendlini;
- INidularium;
- Ehmeya.
Ngamunye wabo unobuntu bakhe. Isibonelo, i-bromeliad de Zapata inesimo sesicathula. Olunye uhlobo luyafana nophayinaphu.
Kunezinhlobo ezihehayo emndenini wakwaBromeliad, ofana nophayinaphu
Izincazelo zezinhlobo ezithile
Enye yezitshalo ezilula ukutshala kulo mndeni yiBilbergia. Uzivumelanisa nokuphila ngisho nasezindaweni ezifiphele. Izimbali ezi-Pinkish, ezisonteka ngokuzumayo, ziyavela ngenkathi ebandayo (kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuJanuwari) kuyajabulisa abasemzini wabo.
Igama leqembu elikhulu lezitshalo eziqhakazayo ezivela eBrazil livela egameni lesiLatini elithi "Nidus" - isidleke. Amacembe aqinile enza irosette eminyene. Isiqu esifushane sikhula sisuka enkabeni futhi siphela ngokuqina kwendlebe ngezimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu ezihlelwe kahle. Le mbali inezithombe ezinhle kakhulu. Imithetho yokumnakekela ayifani nalena eyisisekelo.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-echmea zinombala othakazelisayo we-mosagated.
I-South American echmea inesimo esingajwayelekile samabhuloksi ngesimo sethanga. Amacembe akha irosette, futhi kukhona ameva emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kube kanye kuphela.
Ukuzala
Ngemuva kokuphela kwezimbali, amahlumela avela ezansi zesitshalo, asikwa ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali. Babizwa nge- kiki. Ngemuva kwalokho badinga ukumbozwa ngamalahle futhi bomiswe kancane. Izithombo eziqediwe zingatshalwa emhlabathini, mhlawumbe kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli. Inhlabathi ekhanyayo iyamunyiswa bese ifakwa kuyo.
I-bromeliad yaphakade ibonakala ngohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande. Lapho ushiya imbali ekhaya, kuba nezimpande esikhathini esifushane (azidluli izinyanga ezi-2 emva kokufakelwa). Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukuthambisa umhlaba njalo futhi ugcine izinga lokushisa egumbini elingaba ngama-20 degrees. Izitshalo ezintsha ziqhakaza ngesigamu kuya eminyakeni emibili.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. Imbewu yokuzala isetshenziswa kaningi kakhulu. Le ndlela yinde.
Isifo
Izitha eziphambili ze-bromeliad ziyizinambuzane ezikalwa, izibungu zesicabucabu noma izibungu zemikhuhlane. Lapho sithelelekile, lesi sitshalo singasindiswa ngokuqoqa izinambuzane ngesandla. Ngemuva kwalokho amaqabunga ayagezwa ngamanzi anensipho. Ungangezela utshwala obuncane noma usebenzise isilokazane esenziwe ngomumo.
Ngokuphula umbuso wokunisela ngokuhambisana nokutheleleka kwezifo ezibangelwa ukhunta, izigaxa zezitshalo.
Uma kunakekelwa ukunakekelwa okuncane, nendawo lapho i-bromeliad imi khona ikhethwe kahle, imbali izothokozela isikhathi eside ngokubukeka kwayo kwasekuqaleni.
