Isithombo se-pennial lavender emincane-eline-elived - esinye sezitshalo ezindala. I-Roman Aesculapius yayisebenzisa utshani kwezokwelapha, abenzi bamakha bathola uwoyela kuyo. Isitshalo asilahli inani laso ezinsukwini zethu.
Umlando kancane
EGibhithe lasendulo, i-lavender yayibizwa ngokuthi isipho sikaNkulunkulu, engagcini ngokuphulukisa izakhiwo kuphela, kodwa futhi nangemfihlakalo. Uma ukholelwa amasiko, ngenxa yempepho, uCleopatra wayenga amadoda. U-Lavender welapha amanxeba nokugula kwengqondo. Izinda eziqhubekayo zazisetshenziselwa ukugqumisa - izidumbu zazo zatholakala ethuneni likaTutankhamun.
I-Lavender ekubukeni kwezwe
ILavender yeza eRussia ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, njengesitshalo esisha seNsitsky Botanical Garden. Namuhla, isiko likhule ngezinga lezimboni ezifundeni ezingamaCrimea.
Ngabe ubukeka kanjani uLavender-leaved?
Abanye abantu bazi ngokuba khona kwembali engomeni kaSofia Rotaru, abanye ngephunga elimnandi lamakha. Othile wafumana isitshalo endle, engazi igama saso.
Abamele i-Labret (Iasnatkovye) botanists babizwa ngeLavandula angustifolia. Abantu babiza i-spikelet lavender, ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo.
Nakani! Lapho kuchazwa lesi sitshalo, i-lavender, ezinye izinkamba zibizwa ngotshani, ezinye zibizwa ngokuthi izihlahlana. Zombili lezi zinkulumo zilungile - zinotshani obuningi obukhulu bokubeka ngokucacile "bamba ukuthwala", bakha isihlahla se-hemispherical bush 0.3-0.7 m ukuphakama, kuze kufike ku-1 m ububanzi.
Incazelo yeLavender
| Isici | Izici |
| I-Rhizome | I-Woody, inamandla, enohlelo oluyisisekelo oluthuthukisiwe lwezengezo ezitholakala kungqimba yenhlabathi ephezulu |
| Kushiya | I-abaphikisi-sedentary, i-oblong-linear, enemiphetho egobile. Amapuleti amancane aluhlaza okotshani akhula abe yi-6 cm |
| Izimbali | I-Spike inflorescence eziqongweni zeziqu |
| Izithelo | Ama-Quadriceps, ahambisana nenkomishi yezimbali |
Lavandula angustifolia
ILavender ibonakala ngephunga elimnandi eliphikelelayo. Kulokhu, zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zinamakha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo
Indawo yokuhlala ye-lavender angustifolia yiMedithera. Isitshalo sincamela ukuhlala ezintabeni, enkampanini ye-edelweiss. Isibonelo, kwii-Alps zaseFrance ungathola izihlahla ezibanzi endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-1.5.
Lokhu kubonisa ukumelana nesithwathwa kwama-perennials. Kwezinhlobo ezingama-25 eRussia, kwakuyi-Angustifolia lavender ekwazi ukubekezelela ukubanda ngo-30 ° C. Ngakho-ke, isiko lingatholakala ezindlini zasehlobo nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho zezwe.
EYurophu, i-lavender isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kumakha kanye nezimonyo. Musa ukusala ngemuva ekukhiqizeni impepho eMpumalanga.
I-Lavender Sachet enamakha
Ngenhloso yokwelapha, sebenzisa ama-inflorescence e-lavender. Ngaphezu kwamafutha abalulekile aqhubekayo, ukwakheka kuqukethe ama-flavonoids, i-phytosterol, i-coumarins, ama-resin, ama-tannins nezinye izinto eziwusizo.
Kwezokwelapha, amakhambi avela ku-lavender anqunyelwe:
- ekwelapheni i-neuralgia, njenge-sedative;
- ngaphandle nangaphakathi - ngokukhubazeka komzimba;
- ekwelapheni imihuzuko ebuhlungu (ukusatshalaliswa, ukulimala).
Nakani! Umkhuba odumile uqukethe izindlela zokwelapha amakhanda, isikhumba nezifo ezinobuthi ngokugeza nokucindezela ngokusebenzisa ama-decoctions kanye ne-infusions yotshani (kanye nezimbali).
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu
I-Angustifolia yigama elivamile ezinhlotsheni zesiNgisi ze-lavender emincane. Abafuyi bakwazile ukudala izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihehayo nezazihambisana nesimo sezulu saseRussia.
Izinhlobo zeLavandula angustifolia
| Igama | Incazelo |
| ILavender Highcot | Iqembu lezitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu ezitholakala ku-mixborder, hedges. Kufaka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihluke ngemibala yemibala. Okuhehayo kakhulu ihlathi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elihlanganayo le-lavender Hidcote Blue. I-pink Hydcot embozwe nge-Narrow-leavednder igqamile ngama-inflorescence apinki abuthakathaka. |
| ILavender Manstead | Amabhishi amancane awafinyeleleli kubude obungamasentimitha angama-35. Ngakho-ke, i-Munstead lavender itshalwe eceleni kwemingcele yezindlela zasengadini, imingcele, efakwe imibhede yezimbali. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kubonakaliswa ukumelana nemimoya enamandla. |
| URosea | Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuphakathi kwengxenye yemitha. I-lavender kaRosea ibonakala ngomthunzi we-mauve wezilwane ezifuywayo ngokuhambisana namahlamvu aluhlaza. |
| Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Ummeleli okhanyayo wezinhlobo zakhe ezinamakha ama-inflorescence ansomi. IDwarf Blue ibonakala ngokwanda kokubekezelela isomiso. |
| Nana alba | Isici esibonakalayo sesihlahla, hhayi mude ku-30 cm, singama-inflorescence amhlophe, okwenza lesi sitshalo sikhange ngokukhethekile emagqumeni angamagquma. |
| UVera | Abafuyi baseDashi bakwazile ukukhipha isihlahla esiphakeme kakhulu se-lavender - 1 m. Ngesikhathi sezimbali, simbozwe "ngesigqoko" esimnyama. |
I-lavender ehlukile
Phakathi kwe-spikelet holly lavender yokukhethwa kweRussia, umuntu angahlukanisa izinhlobo iBordyurnaya, Voznesenskaya 34, Qopha, iStnnaya. Amabhasi awasiyo nje ikhambi lokuklama iziza zasengadini. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyasiza emkhakheni wezimboni ngenxa yokugcwala okukhulu kawoyela obalulekile.
Ukuzalela
Isiko leli lidumile futhi phakathi kwezakhamizi zasehlobo ngoba kulula ukuzalanisa esizeni kusetshenziswa zonke izindlela ezaziwayo zokuzala.
Imbewu
Le nketho yinde kakhulu, kepha ukutshala akudingi ukuqina futhi kunikeze amahlumela amahle. I-lavender ihlwanyelwa kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zentwasahlobo, kusetshenziswa iziqukathi zesithombo. Isitsha sigcwaliswa nge-peat noma ngesihlabathi, ngaphezulu kubekwa kuyo imbewu encane ye-lavender.
Ukutshala imbewu
Inhlabathi inomswakama, isembozo simbozwe nge-polyethylene bese sikhipha siyiswa egumbini elipholile noma sigcinwe esiqandisini. Lapho kuvela izithombo, ukuhluma okwengeziwe kwenziwa ngokushisa kwamakamelo.
Nakani! Lapho kuvela amapheshana wangempela ama-4 amahlumela, izitshalo ziyantshontsha. Izithombo zidluliselwa ezindaweni ezivulekile ngoMeyi.
Ukubekwa kwesisekelo
Naphezu kokuqina kwamagatsha, agoba ngokuphelele. Njengoba sezikhiphe amahlumela aqine kakhulu, zisuka esihlahleni njengemisebe, zibeka izimbobo zangaphambi kokumba. Amagatsha aphinwe afafazwe nomhlaba. Ukuchelela ejwayelekile kuyadingeka ukusika izimpande ngokushesha. Sika esihlahleni sikamama entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo.
Izimbumbulu
Indlela ethandwa kakhulu yokukhulisa i-lavender iheha abalimi ngokulula kwayo. Inqubo yenziwa ngoJuni-Julayi, isebenza kanjena:
- amahlumela enkathi yamanje anqunywa esihlahleni esidala;
- thatha ingxenye ephakathi kubo bese uhlukanisa ibe yimisiko engu-12-15 cm;
- izingcezu zamahlumela ezinesiphelo esingezansi zingcwatshwa emhlabathini obamba ukushisa;
- wanisela futhi embozwe.
Ngezikhathi ezithile ifilimu iyasuswa ukuze inikeze umoya futhi inisele ukusikeka. Ngenyanga, izithombo zizoba nezimpande eziqinile, isihlahla esisha singahanjiswa endaweni engapheli ngoSepthemba.
Izici zokulungisa izingadi
Akukho okungajwayelekile ngokutshala nokunakekela i-lavender ye-Angustifolia. Ukugcinwa kwemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo kuya ngokuthi ikhulu ihlumela liqhakaza kanjani futhi liqongelele ama-ethers amnandi.
Ukunisela
I-lavender ingamelana nesomiso, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi isitshalo asidingi kuniselwa. Uma kwanele ukufaka amanzi ngaphansi kwesihlahla esidala lapho umhlaba ukoma kancane, khona-ke izitshalo ezisencane zidinga ukuchelela njalo ngezinsuku eziyi-7-10.
Ukufafaza
Isimo sezulu esishisayo, izihlahla zingahle zingabi nakho ukuthambisa izimpande. Amaqabunga e-lavender adinga ne-hydration. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukufaka uhlelo lokunisela ngezinsimbi ezijikelezayo engadini.
Umswakama
Amanzi yinto ebalulekile ekwakheni isiko. Umswakama ophakeme uyingozi esitshalweni. Ngakho-ke, akufanele ukhethe ngaphansi kwemibhede yezimbali yamathafa aphansi lapho kuhlala khona umswakama. Izindawo nezindawo ezinendawo enamanzi amaningi komhlaba azilungile.
Inhlabathi
Lapho inhlabathi ivundile kakhudlwana, kuba lula ukuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla. I-lavender ayikhuli enhlabathini ene-acidic nobumba. To the best of calcareous emhlabeni okuxega amasudi kuye. Ngakho-ke, kumbhede wezimbali, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela kwangaphambili ingxube yenhlabathi eshidi, i-humus, isihlabathi, enezelwe ngamanzi amaminerali.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze isihlahla sithole isisindo esiluhlaza ekuqaleni kwentuthuko, sidliswa ngomanyolo we-nitrogen. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, bashintshela kwinqubo-potasium-phosphorus.
Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani
Izimbali ze-lavender azijwayelekile ngesimo, ziqoqwe ngama-whorls angamanga futhi zakha ama-inflorescence ngesimo se-spikelets eziqongweni zeziqu. Ama-corollas wezimbali anemibala kuzo zonke izithunzi eziluhlaza okotshani. Ziyi-pubescent futhi zifinyelela ububanzi be-1 cm.
Izimbali ziqala engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni futhi zihlala enyangeni eyi-1 (kwezinye izinhlobo futhi zinde). Ngalesi sikhathi, ingadi igcwele iphunga elimnandi elitheza ibanga elide.
Nakani! Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuthathwa izihlanzana zokucwilisa: ama-spikelets afihlekile kanye namahlumela omisiwe ayasuswa. Lokhu kuvusa ukwakheka kwama-inflorescence amasha.
Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga nangesikhathi sokuzala
Izithombo ze-lavender zivame ukuthengiswa ezimbizeni zezimbali. Uma lesi sitshalo sathengwa entwasahlobo, singakudluliselwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, sidluliselwe ngesigaxa sobumba.
Embizeni yokuthumela
Benza nokufakelwa lapho babelana isihlahla esidala. Ukuzala kabusha okudala ukuguga kunika amandla e-Delenki amahlumela amasha nokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Naphezu kokuqina kwesiko ebusika, abanye abahlali basehlobo bakhetha ukubuyisela i-lavender ebhodweni kubanda bese beyigcina isekhaya kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Ubunzima ekunakekeleni isiko labalimi abanolwazi awaveli. Ukuqala izakhamuzi zasehlobo kudingeka zicabangele izimo ezikhulayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka ubhekane nezinkinga eziningi.
Izifo lapho kukhula i-lavender
| Inkinga | Izici |
| Kuvele amaqabunga | Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kuwuphawu lokuntuleka komswakama noma umsoco. Uma kuvela umucu opinki noma omhlophe, singakhuluma ngokuhamba kweFusarium. |
| Amabala ophuzi ezihlahleni | Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwakheka kuthola i-grey hue, iziqu ziphenduke mnyama futhi zisonteke, okukhombisa ukuqina komzimba. |
| Ukuhlaselwa okumpunga nokumnyama kuma-inflorescences | I-grey bola fungus ivela emakhazeni aqandayo, amanzi ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lokushisa okubukhali. |
Ukunambitheka kwe-lavender kuheha izinambuzane: izibungu zesicabucabu, amaphenyi, ibhungane lomnyama. Balwa nama-insecticides, futhi basebenzise indlela yokubhujiswa.
Ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwe-lavender kuzovusela izifo zezihlahla. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubheka umbuso wokunisela, ususe ukhula ngesikhathi, ukhulule futhi mulch enhlabathini, wenze ukuthuthwa kwendle nokuvuselelwa kabusha.
