I-Anthurium - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya ngemuva kokuthenga

Izimbali ze-Anthurium zomndeni wakwa-Aroid zithola izinhlobo ezingama-800 zesiko elinamaqabunga amahle angajwayelekile nama-inflorescence akhanyayo, izimpande ze-airy. Izwe "lentokozo yabesilisa" - eCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Izinhlobonhlobo zikaAndre (umuntu omkhulu onamaqabunga amakhulu amnyama okomnyama obunjiwe emigqeni emide) naseScherzer, i-epiphyte enezindebe ezinde esifinyelela kuma-40 cm amade, zivame ukukhula njengesihlahla sendlu.

Inketho yamuva idonsela ukunaka kwabalandeli abanamaqabunga e-matte enesikhumba edlekeni elincane, umgubuzelo obomvu olele we-inflorescence. Ama-Anthuriums abukeka emangalisa futhi eyangempela, ama-phytodeigners asebenzisa ngempumelelo isiko ekwakhiweni kwezangaphakathi zezindlu namahhovisi.

Ngabe kubukeka kanjani i-anthurium

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya ngemuva kokuthenga

Ukushisa

Ezitshalweni ezishisayo, kufaka phakathi i-anthurium, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kunikeza izinga lokushisa elizinzile lika-20-25 ° C, ebusika kungenzeka ukuthi kugcinwe egumbini elishisayo kuya ku-16-18 ° C. Okusalungiswa, ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa luyonakalisa imbali.

Isibani

Imbali ye-Anthurium inconyelwa ukubekwa kwi-sill enkulu ekhanyayo ye-sill, igwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Lapho uhlela ukubeka imbiza ohlangothini oluseningizimu, kufanele ubuye emuva (30-50 cm) noma umise igumbi ngama-blinds noma i-tulle ntambama. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amaqabunga ambozwe izindawo eziphuzi, izimbali ziyaqhakaza ezihlahleni ezifushane.

Amafasitela asentshonalanga nasempumalanga ayizindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhula kwe-anthurium. Amakamelo okukhanya aseNyakatho nawo afanelekile. Lapho kumiswa indlu emigwaqweni nezihlahla, izitshalo ngeke zikwazi ukukhanyisa. Amahlumela asheshe aqhakaze, izimbali zizoba ezincane, eziqhakaza izimbali. I-Anthurium izodinga ukukhanyiswa okwengeziwe nge-fluorescent, ukukhipha igesi, amalambu e-LED.

Ukunisela

Ngaphambi kokunakekela i-anthuriums, umuntu kufanele akhumbule: isiko eliyisimanga alivumeli isomiso, kepha, lidlulisa umswakama, izimpande zizoqala ukubola. Ukuchichima kuzokwenza nokuthi isikhunta sisabalale. Inani lomswakama odingekayo linqunywa ngokusekelwe ekubukeni kwembali. Uma ukoma kuzwakala lapho kuhlungwa inhlabathi, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela imbali.

Abalimi abaningi bengeza amanzi kusoso, ngoba abanturium le ndlela ayemukeleki. Imbali inezimpande zomoya engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu esidinga umswakama. Isinqumo esifanele kungaba ukubeka i-sphagnum moss ngaphansi kwembali. Izinyathelo ezingezekile zizogcina umswakama futhi zinikeze ukondliwa kwezimpande ezincane. Ukunisela okuxubile nakho kuzosebenza: epanini nasenhlabathini. Into esemqoka ukungathululeli amanzi emaqabungeni nasezimbali. Ukungawunaki umthetho kuholela ekuwohlokeni ekubukeni kwembali. Amaconsi ewuketshezi, ayoma, akha umkhondo ongathandeki.

Ukunisela i-Anthurium

Ukufafaza

Imvamisa yokunisela i-anthurium inqunywa yisizini. Ehlobo, esimweni sezulu esipholile, kanye / ngosuku kwanele, ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo isibalo sokufafazwa siyanda futhi isimo sesitshalo sihlala sibhekwe. Ebusika, inani lokufafaza linciphisa noma lilahle ngokuphelele.

Umswakama

Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo yase-Anthurium, umswakama womoya ungama-65-85%. Kulula ukufeza umphumela ofiselekayo: ipakethe lezimbali libekwa esikhwameni esibanzi ngobumba olunwebekile olumanzi noma ngamatshe amatshe. Eduze nje babeka izitsha ezigcwele amanzi.

Efulethini elinezimbali ezinjenge-Aroid kudingeka kwenziwe ukuhlanza okumanzi kaningi. Fafaza umoya uzungeze i-anthurium ngesifutho esihle, ugeze amaqabunga ngaphansi kweseshini elifudumele. Umswakama owengeziwe ususwa ngesipanji esimanzi noma uswidi wekotoni. Ukubeka i-moss ezungeze isisekelo sesitshalo nakho kugcwalisa umoya ngomswakama.

Inhlabathi

Ama-Anthuriums awathobeki ekukhetheni kwenhlabathi, ngokwemvelo akhula ngo-sandy loam kanye nenhlabathi enobumba esindayo. Kodwa-ke, kuzokwenzeka ukufezekisa ukuhlobisa okutholakala ngamaqabunga acwebezelayo aqhakaza nezimbali ezinde lapho utshala isivuno emhlabathini odonswe kahle. Amadaya avimbela ukubola kwezimpande nesiqu, amshiya enesigamu sembiza. Izinto ezandisa ukwanda komoya futhi zigcine umswakama, kufanele zande futhi enhlabathini: amatshe, amalahle, ubumba olwandisiwe (umuntu angalukhetha kuye ngokutholakala kwezinto ezitholakalayo). Ukuba yi-epiphyte, i-anthurium ikhula ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwenhlabathi ekhonkolweni nge-pine bark noma i-moss.

Phakathi kwama-substrates alungiselelwe ama-anthurium, kufanelekile ukukhetha i-primer yama-orchid, ama-azaleas noma i-Aroid. Ngokulungiselela okuzimele kwenhlabathi, lezi zinto ezilandelayo kufanele ziqoqwe:

• i-peat - ingxenye eyi-1;
• umhlaba wamashidi - ingxenye eyi-1;
• inhlabathi ye-coniferous - ingxenye eyi-1;
• isihlabathi - uhhafu.

Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwengeza le ngxube ephumayo namalahle, amagxolo kaphayini oqoshiwe futhi uwondle ngezithako zamaminerali.

Ukukhetha ibhodwe le-anthurium

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Imvamisa yokondliwa akufanele idlule kabili ngenyanga ehlobo futhi kanye ngenyanga ebusika. Esikhathini esifudumele, lesi sitshalo sinikezwa umanyolo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo, ebusika kuyalulekwa ukwengeza i-humate emhlabathini. Ukunqoba ngokweqile izinqubo akunconyiwe, isisombululo esifanele ukusebenzisa ingxenye yomthamo onconyiwe wezakhi.

Ebusika, ekuphumuleni

Ukunakekela i-anthurium ngesikhathi sokuphumula kudinga ukugcina izinga lokushisa elinganiselayo, ukunciphisa ukuthambisa nokondla, okusiza isiko ukuthi libuye futhi lithole amandla ngemuva kokuqhakaza isikhathi eside. Esikhathini esibandayo, ama-anthurium akhula kancane. Ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali, izilimo ngokwazo ziwashiya kancane amaqabunga awo bese ziba hibernate.

Izihlahla

Ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali, ama-buds alahlekelwe ukusebenza asikwa ngesigaxa esicijile esisekelweni sembali. Indawo eveziwe ifafazwa nge-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza. Abalimi abaningi bezimbali balinda kuze kube yilapho isembozo se-inflorescence dries, ususe ngokucophelela ungqimba olungaphezulu. Umongo uzokoma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi uzokhipha ngokuzimele kuhlumela.

Ukuvuselelwa

Kuyo yonke le minyaka, imbali ilahlekelwa yimpahla yayo yobuhle, ikhula ngezikhula eduze nezimpande futhi inciphise kancane amahlamvu aphansi. Inqubo yokuguga ibuye ihambisane nokuvela kwamaqabunga amancane nezimbali, ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwamahlamvu. Izimpawu ezinjalo zikhombisa isidingo sokuvuselela "injabulo yabesilisa", indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke is a transplant ekhethekile yesiko. Kuyadingeka ukusika ngokucophelela inhlamvu ngamahlamvu, uthwebule izinqubo zezimpande ezitholakala ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Dlulisela ihlumela emhlabathini omusha, izimpande bese ufambisa imbali.

Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani

Ama-Anthurium aqhakaza ekhaya kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube ekwindla, kanye nasebusika. Okunhlobonhlobo u-Andrew akha ama-inflorescence amasha unyaka wonke.

Izinhlobo zezimbali

Isembozo se-inflorescence sivame ukuba luhlaza okotshani noma simhlophe, kwesinye isikhathi sithatha isimo se-perianth, esidwetshwe obomvu, onsomi, amathoni apinki noma inhlanganisela yama-shades. Ukwakheka kombhede kunesikhumba.

Imilo yezimbali

I-inflorescences "yenjabulo yabesilisa" imelelwa yizikimba ezimise okomhlana, ezimise okomhlana, zimise okomlomo noma zindilinga amathoni amhlophe, aluhlaza okotshani noma opinki. Izimbali zibekwe ngokuqinile ku-cob ochungechungeni lwemiklamo, zinesimo sombombo nesikwele. Izimbali ezine-bisexual zifaka:

• ama-perianth anezinhlaka ezine kanye nama-stamens amane;
• i-gynoecium syncarpous;
• ukucwaswa kwesimo sediski;
• i-ovary ene-ovules engu-1-2 izidleke ezimbili.

Ukuqhakaza kwama-anthuriums kuyinto eyingqayizivele. Ngesikhathi sesigaba sowesifazane, kubonakala ukuthi kuyi-stigmas kuphela, ama-stamens avalelwe ekucasukeni okuphelele, kanti isitshalo sibukeka singabesifazane. I-Stigmas yakha uketshezi olu-sweetish oluheha izinambuzane. Ngenkathi isomiso sewuketshezi, isihlava siyayeka ukubona impova, futhi ukubukwa kuyabonakala ngaphansi kwezingxenye. Ngemuva kokuvunda impova, ama-stamens abuyela kwisisekelo se-perianth, umuntu uqobo uthatha ukubukeka kowesifazane.

Izinhlobo ze-Anthurium

Isikhathi sezimbali

Isitshalo seFlamingo siqhakaza amasonto angama-3-4 ngaphansi kwezimo ezintofontofo kunazo zonke.

Ungayenza kanjani i-waturium iqhakaze

Amaqhinga alula azosiza ekwenzeni iqabunga le-anthurium liqhakaze:

1. Khuphula inani lokukhanya okukhona cishe amahora ayi-12 ngosuku.
2. Ukuhlinzeka ngabanturium ngenhlabathi evulekile, ekhanyayo nenempilo, enikeza izimpande ukufinyelela okuhle komoya-mpilo.
3. Dlulisa imbali ebhodweni, ububanzi obungama-3 cm, amakhulu kunezimpande zohlobo lwabantu abadala.
4. Ebusika, gcina izinga lokushisa lika- + 15-18 ° C, unciphise ukuthambisa, unikeze ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
5. Yondla isiko nge-potassium ne-phosphorus (uhhafu wedosi njalo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20-30 ngemuva kokuthambisa inhlabathi kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba).

Ngabe i-Anthurium izala kanjani?

Abanini be-anthurium eziqhakaza izimbali bavame ukubhekana nengozi yezifo noma yokufa kwesitshalo lapho kungekho ukunakekelwa okufanele noma ukutheleleka. Kungcono ukukhathazeka ngokuzalwa kabusha kwesiko ngesikhathi. Izinhlobo ezengeziwe zitholakala ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, imila imbewu, ukusika, ukwakha izingqimba zomoya.

Ukuzala i-Anthurium ekhaya

Ukuhluma kwembewu

Isidingo sokukhula i -anturium kusuka ezinhlanyelweni sivela ngaphansi kwale mibandela elandelayo:

1. Ukuthola izitshalo eziningi ezincane.
2. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu etholwe ngeposi noma enikezwe abanye abatshali.
3. Ngokutshala imbewu okuhlosiwe yabazali ababili abake bakhethwa.

Emvelweni, izinambuzane zivuthisa imbali, zikhangwa iphunga lesitshalo. Abekho abathutha impova efulethini. Abalimi bancoma ama-“cobs” ahlukahlukene ukuze acwecwe ngebhulashi elithambile phakathi nesonto. Izimbali ze-Anthurium zifinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba isikhathi eside. Kuma-inflorescence ngamanye, izigaxa namathamu kuvame ukulungele ukungcoliswa ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene. Isikhathi esihle sokwenza impova yizinsuku ezinelanga.

Ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo kuma-inflorescence kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-8. Imbewu yakheka ngaphakathi kwezithelo. Isiginali yokuvuthwa kwe-berry ukuhlukaniswa kwayo nembali. Imbewu ihlukaniswe uginindela, igcinwe nge-potassium permanganate epinki, yomiswe kancane ekushiseni kwegumbi.

Ama-Anthuriums atshalwa emathangeni amakhulu angajulile. Izigaba zokufika azinzima, zanele:

1. Gcwalisa isitsha ngengxube yenhlabathi, umswakama umhlaba.
2. Fafaza imbewu phezu kwenhlabathi.
3. Cindezela kancane i-inoculum engxenyeni engaphansi;
4. Vala ithangi ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene;
5. Beka ithangi endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo.

Uma uhlwanyela imbewu kahle futhi ugcina izinga lokushisa egumbini elingama-22 degrees, amahlumela okuqala azovela ngemuva kwesonto, ukuhluma kwesisindo kuzoqala ngezinsuku eziyi-14.

Ukusika kwe-midzi

Isikhathi esifanelekile sokususwa kweengcingo ze-anthurium siqala ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. Ukusakazeka, kuphendula ubude obungu-12 cm ngezimpande ze-a emoyeni, amaqabunga amabili anempilo afanelekile. Amaqabunga ngaphambi kokutshala asuswa noma asontwa abe yishubhu, aboshwe ngentambo, ukuvikela ukuhwamuka ngokweqile komquba. Izicucu ezisesibayeni ziphathwa nge-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza. Izinqubo zigxiliswa endaweni engaphansi kuka-5 cm, ziniselwe futhi zimbozwe ngefilimu ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa. Izinga lokushisa ku-greenhouse ligcinwa liseduze nama- + 21-24 degrees, afafazwe nsuku zonke futhi anomoya omncane, i-substrate imanzi.

Ukusakazwa kwabanturium ekhaya ngokusika

Ukulala komoya

Uma isitshalo solula futhi silahlekelwe ukwakheka kwaso, ihlumela elingaphezulu lilungele ukusetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa kwe-anthurium. Kuzothatha ingxenye ephezulu ukukhulula kusuka esikalini esomile namaqabunga, ukugoqa nge-peat moss emanzi.

Bopha isikhwama noma ifilimu ngaphezulu kokugqoka. Ngemuva kwesikhashana esithile, izimpande ezintsha ziqala ukungena ngaphakathi kwe-moss. Izisiki ezivela kubanturium ziyasikwa futhi zimile esitsheni esihlukile. Isiqu esisele sizokhula ngokushesha amahlumela akamuva.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwengcindezi

Ukusakazeka ngokuhlukanisa izimpande kwenziwa kalula ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwentwasahlobo kwama-anthuriums kuma-blopots amasha. Imiyalo yenqubo-nyathelo ngayinye yale nqubo ifaka izigaba eziningana:

1. Isihlahla esidala sisuswa ngokucophelela ebhodweni, sisakaze inhlabathi, sikhulule uhlelo lwezimpande.
2. Izimpande azikatholwa futhi zihlukaniswe ngommese obukhali ohlanzekile.
3. Izicucu nezicucu zezimpande zitholakala njengamagciwane namalahle ocushiwe.

Ukufakelwa kwe-Anthurium

I-Anthurium itshalwa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu ngemuva kokuyithola esitolo noma eshintsha imbiza noma inhlabathi. Ushintsho olubi kumhlabathi lukhonjiswa ngokunamathela okumhlophe noma okugqwala phezu komhlaba. Ekhaya, ukunakekela imbali encane ye-Anthurium (engaphansi kweminyaka emine ubudala) kudinga ushintsho lwaminyaka yonke, abantu abadala bashintsha umhlaba njalo ngeminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu.

Izigaba zokudlulisa abanturium:

1. Ingqimba yokudonsa ithululelwa ebhodweni lobukhulu obudingekayo ngekota eyodwa yobukhulu besitsha bese inhlabathi isilungisiwe.
2. Bakhipha i -anturium esikebheni esedlule, bayinkcenkceshele phambilini.
3. Bheka izimpande zesitshalo ukuthi zilimele noma zibolile.
4. Fafaza i-rhizome nge-Fitolavin bese udlulisela isiko ebhodweni elisha.
5. Kancane kancane engeza i-substrate, ngokuthepha ebhodweni ukuze uthole ubuningi obukhulu bomhlaba. Ungqimba lomhlaba ethangini akufanele lufinyelele emaphethelweni ngo-2-3 cm.

Isitshalo sonyaka owodwa ubudala

Ama-Anthuriums awahambisani nokunakekelwa, ngokuya ngezimo ezilula ezikhulayo, ziyaqhakaza unyaka wonke. Ekuthuthukisweni okusebenzayo kwezimbali, kwanele ukuqinisekisa umswakama ophakeme womoya, ukungabikhona kokubhaliwe kanye nezinguquko zokushisa, isitshalo sitshalwa njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu.

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