I-Cyclamen: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya nezindlela zokuzala

Ukugqama nokugqama kwe-cyclamen kuya ekuthandeni kwabatshali abaningi. Lesi sitshalo sijabule ngokuqhakaza kwabanikazi baso esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika. Uma i-cyclamen itshalwa, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kuzodinga ulwazi lwama-nuances athile.

Indaba yokubukeka

Imbali ye-cyclamen yayaziwa eRoma yasendulo njengokuhlobisa igceke nekhaya, ikhambi lezifo kanye nezichitho.

Ukuthandwa kwe-cyclamen kwehla ngo-1939. E-Ontario, isifundazwe saseCanada, uLloyd Veit, isakhamuzi sedolobha laseDelhi, uvula ibhizinisi elincane - isitolo sezimbali. Izimbali ezake zaba namuhla zingomunye wabahlinzeki bezimbali ezinkulu kunazo zonke eNyakatho Melika.

I-cyclamen ingaphakathi kwendlu

I-Farmley Flowers ihlanganyela ekutshaleni unyaka wonke imikhiqizo yezimbali eziqhakaza ekwindla ngemibala yemvula lapho kuvela ama-cyclamens anomusa.

Emazweni aseYurophu, i-cyclamen ivela ngo-1650. Le nkathi ibonakala ngokudalwa kwezinhlobo ze-Hardy hybrid kanye nezitshalo zokuzalela yonke indawo.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zijabulisa abalimi

Isikhathi sezimbali

Uma i-cyclamen ikhule ekhaya, ingaqhakaza kakhulu kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15, iba minyaka yonke ngezimbali ezingama-70 zikanokusho. Isilinganiso sokuphila kwembali eyodwa kuyizinsuku eziyi-10. Inani elikhulu le-buds libhekele isikhathi sezimbali - izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Izimbali cyclamen

Ngemuva kokubuna, amaqabunga, kanye ne-peduncle, bakhipha ngokucophelela i-nodule. Ukuzisika akufiseleki. Yenza ukucubungula kwendawo yekhefu ngamalahle.

Izizathu ezenza ukuthi amaqabunga e-cyclamen aphenduke aphuzi afaka izinambuzane eziyingozi nezifo ze-phyto-. Ukuhlolwa okusondele kuzothuthukisa umthombo wempilo yokugula. Imvamisa, ukunakekelwa okungafanele kubangela ukukhula kokubola, ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyclamen ngesibucabu sesicabucabu. Kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ukuqaqamba kwe-cyclamen kushiya njengophawu lwesifo

Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile

Lesi sitshalo singokwalabo abavela emndenini wePrimrose. Inezinhlobo ezingama-20. ICyclamen ikhula endle emahlathini aseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia, enkabeni yeYurophu, eMiddle East.

Kubantu abavamile, imbali ibizwa ngokuthi isinkwa se-clumsy ne-yengulube.

Ukuchazwa kwegama lokugcina kuhlotshaniswa nothando lwezingulube zasendle ukuzidlela kuma-cyclamen nezilimo eziyizigaxa, ukumba ngaphandle kwenhlabathi.
I-cyclamen yi-ephemeroid eqhakaza isikhathi esifushane. Lapho-ke amaqabunga esiko ayoma, bese isikhathi sokuphumula siqala.

Abafuyi baseNetherlands bathola izinhlobo eziningi ezihlanganisiwe ze-Persian cyclamen. Ama-hybrids aboniswa isikhathi sezimbali eside:

• UCaliph;
• ULulu;
• IVictoria

Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezi-hybrid ze-cyclamen yaseYurophu. Ifunwa ngabatshali bezimbali:

• Ama-Purpurascens;
• I-albhamu;
• Ichibi le-garda;
• ICarmineolineatum.

Ama-cyclamen ahlukaniswe izigaba ezi-3 ngobude:

• standard - cishe 30 cm;
• usayizi ophakathi nendawo - kuze kufike ku-20 cm;
• undersized -15 cm.

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezilimo, ezihluke ngosayizi, umbala kanye nendawo yokuhlala, zisatshalaliswa ngokwemvelo:

1. IsiPheresiya. Izici ezihlukile zesiko: ububanzi be-nodule bufika ku-15 cm, ijamo liyindilinga. Amaqabunga aluhlaza ahlanganisiwe anomumo wenhliziyo nephethini yesiliva. Isiqu sifinyelela ku-15-20 cm ukuphakama. Izimbali zibomvana, zibomvana noma zibomvu. Ukuphakama kwamacembe aphakeme kungamasentimitha ayi-5. Ama-cyclamen ama-cyclamen aqhakaza ukusuka ekwindla kuya ku-Mashi, ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ehla amahlamvu. Uma i-cyclamen yasePheresiya itshalwa ekhaya, ukunakekelwa kufaka ukunciphisa ukunisela kube okungenani. Susa umucu wezimbali owomile namaqabunga. Ngo-Agasti, imbali idluliselwa ebhodweni elisha futhi ukuthambisa okuhlelekile kuyenziwa. Izitshalo ze-Hybrid zenzelwe ukufuya okwenziwa ezindlini endlini.
2. I-European. Lapho kukhula i-alpine violets (imbali ebizwa ngalendlela ehlukile), ubukhulu bamaqabunga angama-3-4 cm. Phansi kweqabunga kunombala obomvu. Izimbali zincanyana, ama-petals awadluli ku-2 cm. Ama-inflorescence anezwi elimhlophe, elibomvu noma eliphinki. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-cyclamen yaseYurophu isikhathi sokuhlobisa (Meyi-Septhemba), ukungabikhona kwesimo sokuphumula ngamahlamvu omile. Ehlobo lonyaka aqukethe imbali ku-t = 25 ° C nasemisebeni yelanga esabalele.

I-cyclamen yaseYurophu

3. Cretan. Ihlala esiqhingini saseKrethe. Izici zomlingiswa kucompactness, umbala omhlophe-pinkish.

UCretan Cyclamen

4. Kossky. Ikhula eCaucasus. I-cyclamen encanyana engu-10 cm ayesabi isithwathwa futhi icashe ngaphansi kweqhwa. Izimbali ezibomvana obomvu nokumhlophe zinezichashazi ezimnyama ezansi kwamaphayini.
5. Ivy. Kwelinye igama elithi Neapolitan. Kubonakala ngokubonakala ekuqaleni kwezimbali, bese kuba ngamashidi.
6. UmAfrika. Ezasekhaya - iTunisia ne-Algeria. Ikhula kushibuby. Amahlamvu abunjwe ngenhliziyo, anepende eliluhlaza okotshani. Zikhula kusuka kubhungane, ubude bazo bufika ku-15 cm. Ukuqalwa kwezimbali kuwa entwasahlobo, kuphela ekwindla, ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlamvu amasha akhiwa kuphela ngoSepthemba-Novemba. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sivikelekile ngenxa yokumelana nokubanda okuphansi.

7. Caucasian. Isiko liyasetshenziswa ngokuqinile kwezinye umuthi. Izici zokwelapha zeCaucasian cyclamen ziyaphawulwa: zinomphumela omuhle wokugaya, ubuyisela amandla ngemuva kokubanda. Ingaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso, ifakwe ku-Red Book ye-Krasnodar Territory.

Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Lapho i-cyclamen ifakwa, ukulima nokunakekela ekhaya akwenzi ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngokuqala kwayo, ukomisa nokufa kwamaqabunga e-cyclamen kuhlotshaniswa. Abalimi abangenalwazi bavame ukuqeda lesi sitshalo. Bakholelwa ukuthi i-cyclamen yisitshalo esisebenza isikhathi esisodwa esingakwazi ukuqhakaza minyaka yonke.

Kungcono ukuthi unciphise imvamisa namandla okujwayeza. Kunconywa ukwenza inqubo kancane kancane. Ngokuchayeka ngokuphelele kwezilimo, ukuchelela akuvamile futhi kancane kancane.

Lapho usetha kabusha izimbali zokugcina, kuzodingeka ukususa ama-buds aqothulwe namaqabunga amadala omisiwe. Entwasahlobo, babeka isiko endaweni emanzi futhi bayeke ukuthambisa isikhashana.

Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuphumula

Ngesikhathi sokuwa, isitoreji se-cyclamen ekhaya senziwa ngenye indlela: lapho isihlahla sinqamuka, ukunisela kuyancipha, lapho amahlamvu efa, indawo yezimbali iguqulwa ibe ngu-90 °. Ngakho-ke isitshalo sigcinwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo noma ukuqala kwenkathi yokuwa.

Lapho izimbali ezilahliwe zisuswa, isikhathi sezimbali sihlala isikhathi eside, nokwakhiwa kwamahlamvu amasha kuyasizwa. Ukukhwabanisa kufanele. Kuyenqatshelwa ukukhumula, usike iziqu zezimbali ezindala namahlamvu. Zisontekile ezizungeze i-tuber, ngokucophelela, zigwema ukulimala. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo, afafazwa nge-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza.

Ukufakwa kwezimbali

Ukufakelwa okuhleliwe kwe-cyclamen ekhaya kwenziwa ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu. Inqubo inqunywa uhlobo lwesitshalo: izinhlobo zase-Europe zidluliselwa kanye nokufika kwenkathi yentwasahlobo, ekwindla - ePersian. Indlela yokusingatha ilungele ukukhohlisa. Ukuhambisa isiko ebhodweni elisha kwenzeka ngesigaxa sobumba esigoqiwe izimpande. Egqokeni lezimbali elinenqwaba, bamane bathululela umhlaba. Khumbula ungqimba lwamanzi.

Transshipment - indlela ethandwayo yokufuduka kwe-cyclamen

Uma udlulisa izimbali esitolo, hlanza ngobumnene izimpande zenhlabathi endala. Gcwalisa isitsha esisha nge-substrate yezilimo ze-bulb (Florin, Tulip). Sebenzisa inhlabathi enezithelo eziningi. Kumhlwanyeli omncane, i-flowerpot ifanelekile, ububanzi bayo bungama-7-8 cm, ngamathathu, noma imbali eneminyaka emihlanu, 14-15 cm.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa zomuntu waseYurophu zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala, i-Persian - 2/3 kuphela. Lapho inhlabathi isezingeni elihle, asikho isidingo sokufaka umanyolo wezitshalo izinyanga eziyi-1-2.

Ukushisa

I-cyclamen ijwayele ukukhula futhi iqhakaze kamnandi ebusika, lapho izinga lokushisa lingu-10 ... +14 ° C. Ngenkathi efudumele, izinga lokushisa elifanele lembali liyi + 20 ... +25 ° C.

Ukunisela

Lapho ushiya, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle i-cyclamen. Uzodinga amanzi athambile, angama-2 degrees ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lamakamelo. Ngaphambi kokunisela, bamnika usuku lokuma. I-hydrate ebukhali ibonakala esikhathini sezimbali.

Vikela ukomiswa kwe-substrate ebhodweni nokuqina koketshezi. Ukuchelela okuphansi, okwenziwa epanini, kusifanele lesi sitshalo - umswakama ngeke ungene kulokho okusanhlamvu, ukunikina ikhanda noma umnyombo wesihlahla. Ngemuva kokujulisa isiko, ngemuva kwamahora ama-3, uketshezi oluningi luyasuswa epanini.

Ukunisela cyclamen

Lapho izimbali seziqediwe, i-hydration iyancishiswa. Uma amaqabunga eshabala ngokuphelele, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zivezwa, ukuthambisa kuncane futhi akubalulekanga.

Inhlabathi

Lapho utshala izilimo sebenzisa inhlabathi ethengiwe. Inhlabathi yendawo yonke ilungele ama-geraniums noma i-Saintpaulia.

Inhlabathi yama-cyclamens

Ukufakwa kwesihlabathi kanye ne-perlite kunikeza amandla omswakama kanye nomswakama. Inhlabathi yokutshala i-cyclamen ilungele ngecala le-pH elingathathi hlangothi noma elincane. Uma ifiswa, ilungiswa ngokuzimela. Uzodinga inhlabathi eshidi (izingxenye ezi-3) ne-peat, umquba, isihlabathi (1 ingxenye) ethathwe ngokulingana okulinganayo.

Inhlabathi evela esizeni ibulawa amagciwane ngokubala i-microwave noma ngokuchitha isixazululo se-potanganum permanganate. Engxenyeni yokudonsa engaphansi yetangi, ubumba olwandisiwe lusetshenziselwa ndawonye ngamatshe kanye namatshe abunjiwe.

Amathangi e-cyclamen azodingeka kusuka ku-ceramic noma epulasitiki.

Kubantu abadala, izitsha ezinobubanzi be-14-15 cm zilusizo, kuzithombo ezincane - ezingaphansi. Khetha izitsha zesitshalo, ngokuya ngosayizi we-nodule. Ukusuka onqenqemeni lwe-bulb iye emaphethelweni wethali lezimbali, ibanga liyi-2 cm. Lokhu kuzonikeza isitshalo esingaphakathi ekhaya ukukhula okuphezulu kanye nokuqhakaza okufika ngesikhathi.

Isibani

Uma i-cyclamen isikhulile, ungayinakekela kanjani kahle, bonisa izeluleko. Ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele, isiko lidinga ukukhanya. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuvame ukusongela isitshalo. I-windows sill ifanelekile entshonalanga noma empumalanga. Uma ibekwe ohlangothini lwaseningizimu lwembali, kukhethwa ukuthi ubeke okuthe xaxa ukusuka ewindini noma umjondolo. Uhlangothi olusenyakatho luyindawo engafanele ye-cyclamen.

Amasu wokuzala

Ama-Tubers

Ngaphambi kokusakazeka, i-tuber yezimbali kumele yomiswe. Lapho ukubola kubalulekile, indawo ekutholeni impande ngayinye yezimpande kanye nezinso namaqabunga. Indawo yokusika igcotshwa ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma ifafazwe ngamalahle ocushiwe, bese kuba yisikhathi sokukhipha (izinsuku ezi-2).

Ukusakazeka kwe-Tuber, ukwelashwa okuluhlaza

Benza ukufakwa kwezingcezu kwenhlabathi enomswakama, bafakwe endaweni ekhanyayo futhi baqinisekise ukuthambisa okuvamile. Ukuguquguquka akuyona i-100%, okuyingxenye yama-rots wokususa.

Imbewu

Ukuqongelela ezintweni ezibonakalayo kusuka ku-cyclamen engaphakathi kuzovumela ukungcoliswa kokufakelwa. Ukukhohlisa kusebenza ngempumelelo ekusebenzeni kokusa kwelanga elinelanga, ngaphezu kokuphindaphinda.

Ukukhiqiza imbewu

Ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini, impahla yembewu imanzi amahora angama-24 eZircon (ama-4 wehla ngama-500 ml koketshezi). Ukuze ukhule izithombo, udinga inhlabathi evulekile elula. Ngaphansi kwenhlabathi, isitsha esinezimbobo ngezansi siyadingeka. Okokuqala, ungqimba lobumba olunwetshwe ngo-3 cm luyathululelwa. Inhlabathi ephekiwe ithululelwa phezulu (6-7 cm). Umhlaba umanzi kakhulu. Sakaza imbewu ebusweni ngenkuthalo engu-2 cm, ufafaze kancane ngomhlabathi. Isitsha simbozwe ifilimu. Amahlumela kulindeleke kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-3.

I-cyclamen iyahluma

Inhlabathi idinga ukuchelela nomoya. Okokuqala, kufakwa i-nodule enombala onsomi ebusweni. Lapho kukhula amaqabunga ambalwa, izithombo zokuntywila nokuhlaliswa kabusha esitsheni esisodwa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-14, kuyalulekwa ukondla ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Ama-Bloclamen blooms alindele unyaka. Izimbali ezitshalwa ekhaya zihlukaniswa ngamandla namandla nempilo, uma ziqhathaniswa nabantu abathengiwe.

Uma ama-cyclamens esekhulile, ukunakekelwa okunekhono kuyadingeka. Ukujayelana nencazelo yentyatyambo kanye nama-nuances wokulima nokukhiqiza kabusha kuzosiza abaqalayo ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi lendlu nokugcina umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa isikhathi eside.

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