Izinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi yezimbali nobume beqabunga elinemibala ye-kalatea iyamangalisa, iphalethi le-rainbow liyabukeka ngamehlo, futhi ufuna nje ukuletha ikhaya elinjalo lesimangaliso ukuze likhanyise ngemibala yezindawo ezishisayo. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Moody calathea ekhaya okufuna isikhathi esithile nomsebenzi, kwasheshe kwazuza izinhliziyo zabathandekayo bomhlaba wezimbali.
Mayelana nomlando wokubukeka
Izwe laseCalathea yiNingizimu Melika. Igama lakhona elijwayelekile yi-galatea, kwimithombo yokuphrinta - i-calatea.
Ubumsulwa obumangalisayo bezithunzi ze-calathea ezimthende
Igama lokuqala lembali "Umqhele we-Inca"; i-calathea yalithola ngenxa yokuvela kwembali nendawo yokusabalalisa: IPeru, iBrazil, iBolivia.
Owesibili - "imbali yomkhuleko", kungenxa yokuthi amaqabunga awo akhuphuka kusihlwa, embula uhlangothi olungaphansi, futhi ekuseni bawe esikhundleni sabo sangaphambili, esifana nezandla eziphakanyisiwe ngomkhuleko.
Ama-Conquistadors, abanqobi baseMelika baseSpain nabasePortugal, baletha lesi sitshalo eYurophu.
Ngabe uCalathea ubukeka kanjani?
Lesi sitshalo se-herbaceous esidala somndeni wakwaMarantaceae nohlelo lwezimpande ngesimo sama-rhizomes - amaNdiya emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo aseLatin America. Endle, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-130.
Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula zibe ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-80. Ngokuvamile amahlumela angaphansi komhlaba, anama-rhizomes angenamikhawulo, lapho kukhula khona amahlumela amile ngama-rosette akhiwe kuwo.
Umhlobiso oyinhloko wezitshalo - amaqabunga awo avela ngokuqondile kusuka ku-basal rosette. Mikhulu impela, afinyelela ku-30 cm ubude, ngesimo se-oval, ellipse noma elongated. Baphenduka phakathi nosuku, bebuka ilanga, kusihlwa liphuma.
Potato calathea
Izimbali zeCalathea zakha ama-inflorescence afana nse noma ayindilinga. Iphalethi lemibala lihluke kakhulu. Isakhiwo sokuqala sembali sivumela impova kuphela yizinyosi ezincane.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile
Okulandelayo kubhekwa njengokuthandwa kakhulu.
Imicu yeCalathea
ICalathea iyimigqa, noma njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi i-zebra, (iCalathea zebrina), enamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza okhanyayo esimweni sobubanzi bendlu, lapho iphethini yephimbo elikhanyayo emthanjeni ophakathi nemigqa eminingi esuka kuyo i-angle kuya emaphethelweni imakwe ngokucacile.
ICalathea Mix
ICalathea Mix ifana kakhulu nemithende, umehluko kuphela wokuthi inephethini elifanayo nelinamaphethelo, kepha amathoni amnyama ngemuva kukhanya.
UCalathea Bachem
ICalathea bachemiana, noma i-maranta Bachemiana, eyaqhamuka ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseBrazil kungekudala kakhulu kunabanye, yaqala ukukhula njengoba isitshalo sasekhaya kungekudala.
Amaqabunga e-calathea Bachem nephethini efana negatsha
Isitshalo se-monocotyledonous stemless nge-rhizome. Isihlahla siphansi futhi sibumbene. Amacembe aluhlaza we-Lancet-elongated green of Bachem calathea ahlotshiswe ngephethini emnyama eluhlaza efana negatsha elisenkabeni yepuleti. Lo ngomunye wabamele abathobekile kakhulu ezinhlotsheni.
I-Calathea Warszewicz (Calathea warcewiczii)
Inamaqabunga ama-ovel velvet aluhlaza omnyama ngephethini yamathoni aluhlaza okhanyayo. Ngaphansi kweshidi kunsomi.
Ama-inflikecence e-Spike apinki noma ukhilimu.
UCalathea Varshevich
Ukunakekelwa kweCalathea Ekhaya
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-calathea eyifunayo ekhaya? Ingane yehlathi lemvula, i-calathea, idinga ukufudumala unyaka wonke. Akayithandi okwakungakapheli, izimvume, ushintsho olukhulu lokushisa kanye noshintsho kokukhanya. Ukukhula kwalo kuyaqhubeka njalo, okusho ukuthi umanyolo uyadingeka ngaso sonke isikhathi, ushintsho kuphela lwama-doses.
Udinga ukunisela imbali emaphethelweni ebhodwe futhi uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi awangeni enkabeni yokuphuma. Ngemuva kokunisela, susa amanzi asele kusobho. Ukufafaza nokugeza, ngaphezu kwe-hydration, kusiza ukususa uthuli futhi kusebenza njengokuvimbela ekulawuleni izinambuzane.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. Isitshalo esinempilo ngeke sihlaselwe yizinambuzane; izimbali ezibuthakathaka ezihlala ezimweni ezibucayi ziba nazo.
Izimbiza kungakuhle ukuthi ukhethe okubanzi nokuphansi, ngoba ukukhula kuya ngobubanzi.
Ukushisa
Izinga lokushisa elihle ehlobo phakathi nesikhathi sasemini lizoba ngu-22-25 ° C, ebusuku - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-18 ° C. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lesikhathi sasemini kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni le-18-20 ° С, ebusuku - 16 ° С. Isitshalo asilubekezeleli ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa.
Isibani
Into ebalulekile yokulungiswa kwezimbali ukukhetha okulungile kokukhanyisa. Ngokweqile kwayo, amaqabunga aqala ukuthola umbala onsundu. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga kubangela ukulahleka kombala wamaqabunga, ngayo kanye nokuhlobisa kwayo yonke imbali. Kungcono ukubeka imbiza kumawindows windows abheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga.
Ukunisela
Ukuchelela kufanele kuphathwe ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ngaphezu kokunisela okuqondile, ungahlela kabusha isitshalo esikhwameni nge-peat emanzi.
Lapho kudotshwa ngokweqile futhi kufakwe amanzi amaqabunga obumba we-coma, bese imiphetho yawo yomile.
Kubalulekile! Nisela isitshalo kuphela ngamanzi afudumele afudumele. Amanzi abandayo azobangela ukuthamba kanye nokubola kwamaqabunga. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo zokunciphisa umbuso wokunisela, i-calatea ingakwazi ukusetha kabusha ngokuphelele.
Ukufafaza
Imbali iyakuthanda ukufafaza, kepha ezinye izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga velvety ayikubekezeleli le nqubo - kuholela ekubukekeni kwezindawo ezinsundu.
Umswakama
Isitshalo sidinga umoya omanzi kakhulu, kuvame ukusizakala ukuwuthambisa kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza noma ukufaka umswakama wokufudumeza kagesi eduze. Ungabeka isitsha samanzi eduze kwalembali.
Inhlabathi
Umhlabathi we-calathea kufanele ube acidic kancane. Inhlabathi ethengiwe yama-azaleas nama-orchid, axutshwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, engeza isihlabathi ne-perlite, ilungile.
Amabhulogi uCalathea Varshevich
Ingxube ingalungiswa ngokuzimela ngokuxuba:
- Ishidi lomhlaba - izingxenye ezi-2;
- Humus - 1 ingxenye;
- I-Peat - ingxenye eyi-1;
- Isihlabathi - 1/2 ingxenye.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Okondla, umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi owenzelwe izimbali zasendlini ezingamasimbali angahle afanele. Ukuqoqwa kwekhambi kuncishiswa ngesigamu, kuqhathaniswa nalokho kuboniswe kwimiyalo.
Yenza ukugqoka okuphezulu ngemuva kokunisela kabili ngenyanga ngesikhathi sezitshalo ezisebenzayo ezimbali (entwasahlobo-ehlobo). Kuwo wonke unyaka, isikhathi esisodwa enyangeni nesigamu sanele.
Nakani! Ukungavuni okwanele futhi ngokweqile kuthinta kabi isimo se-calathea, njengoba kuboniswa ushintsho kumbala wamaqabunga: bathatha umbala onsundu. Ukuba khona kukasawoti we-calcium ekwakhiweni komanyolo kuyabulala kuye.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula
Isikhathi sokuphakama kwembali sihlobene, ngoba izihlahla ze-Amaranth ziyaqhubeka nokukhula ngesikhathi sekwindla nobusika. Ukuthambisa kwenziwa kaningi, kunciphisa imithamo. Ukugcwala kwamanzi kufanele kugwenywe, ngoba ngamazinga okushisa aphansi lokhu kugcwala ukubola kwezimpande, okwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu; kwesinye isikhathi akwenzeki ukusindisa isitshalo.
Izihlahla
Asikho isidingo sokuthena okujwayelekile. Amaqabunga omile nalimele kuphela okufanele asuswe ngesikhathi.
Ngabe ikhula kanjani i-calathea
Printa i-calatea ngezindlela eziningi:
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu;
- Ukusika;
- Izakhiwo zomoya.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi le kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi yesikhathi eside, umphumela uhlala ungalindeleki - isampula esivelayo sizoba sohlobo oluhluke ngokuphelele kunesitshalo somzali. Ukuhluma kwembewu kuphansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke udinga ukuhlwanyela imbewu eningi ukuthola umphumela omuhle.
Inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo imi kanjena. Hlwanyela imbewu ezitsheni ezingashoni ezigcwele ingxube yokhuni oluqinile nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso 2: 1. Ihlala emazingeni okushisa angama-21-25 ° C. Ngemuva kokuhluma, izithombo ziyantshontsha lapho sezikhulile, ezitshalwe emiphongolweni.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. Le ndlela imvamisa isetshenziswa ngabafuyi.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Amathuba womphumela omuhle kuleli cala aphakeme kancane. Isiqu sihlukaniswa kalula ngaphandle kokulimala uma amaphuzu okukhula ehlala kusitshalo sabazali nokusikwa. Itshalwe enhlabathini enomswakama, imbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivele.
Ukulala komoya
Ngale ndlela, isiqu siguqelwe emhlabathini, sivikelekile, sifafazwe kancane futhi saniselwa. Ngemuva kokwakheka kwezimpande zabo, izingqimba zinqunywa ngokucophelela kusuka ezitshalweni zabazali zitshalwe.
Ezinye izinketho
Okuncane konke ukusakazeka kwamaqabunga e-kalatea, okuvame ukuphela ngokuhluleka. Kukhethwe iqabunga elinempilo, lihlukaniswe yisitshalo futhi litshalwe enhlabathini enomswakama elungiselelwe. Mboza ngengilazi kuze kuvele izimpande.
Ukuthola isibonelo esisha, bavame ukusebenzisa ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla, le ndlela ilula, futhi igcina izici zezinhlobo.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene zeCalathea
Lapho udlulisa i-calathea kusuka eminyakeni emi-3, i-rhizome ihlukaniswe ngokucophelela izingxenye eziningi, ishiya ingxenye enhle yayo ku "ukwahlukanisa" ngakunye, ngenkathi ithola izitshalo ezindala ngasikhathi sinye. Izimpande ezihlanganisiwe zisikwa ngommese obukhali. Izindawo zokusikeka ziphathwa ngomlotha wezinkuni.
"Isahlukaniso" ngasinye sitshalwe esitsheni saso, silele ngengxube ye-peat nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso 2: 1, siniselwe kakhulu futhi kwesokunxele kuze kube yilapho sekusomile i-peat. Mboza ngefilimu, wenze izimbobo zokufinyelela umoya, oniselwe njengoba inhlabathi yomile.
Ukufakelwa
Isici se-calathea ukusebenza kohlelo lwezimpande, olukhipha izinto enhlabathini ezilimaza ikhwalithi yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpande azijulile kusuka ebusweni. Kungakho ukukhula okujwayelekile kwembali kungenzeka ngokubuyiselwa komhlaba, okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokufakelwa.
Izitshalo ezincane kumele zitshalwe kabusha njalo entwasahlobo. Lapho ifika eminyakeni emine, ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngonyaka. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngasekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukhetha isitsha, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe ebhodweni elibanzi, eliphansi.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Akulula ukuthi imbali ivumelane nezimo zasekamelweni. Ungcono ebhodweni, uzizwa e-terrarium, lapho kulula ukudala umswakama ophezulu.
Ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi elangeni eliqondile, kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kombala kanye nokomisa kwamaqabunga. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, badlulisela i-kalatea kwenye indawo ekhanyayo lapho kungekho ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
Kungani ama-calatheas emisa amathiphu amaqabunga
Uma igumbi linomoya owomile kakhulu, iziphetho zamaqabunga ziphenduka zibe nsundu futhi zomile, ezizogudluzela ishidi libe yishubhu. Ukukhula nentuthuko kuncipha.
Ithiphu. Ukwakha umswakama ophezulu, udinga ukufafaza isitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho kungavela isimbuzane sesicabucabu.
Kuyadingeka ukususa amaqabunga afile.
Kungani ama-calatheas asonta futhi ewa amaqabunga
Ukuntuleka komswakama kuholela ekutheni amaqabunga aqale ukuncibilika futhi aqhekeke, bese ewa. Ngesikhathi sokutshala okusebenzayo, inhlabathi kumele igcinwe imanzi ukuze ingoma phakathi kokunisela.
Ukuwa kweqabunga kubangelwa umoya omile kakhulu. Ukuqeda lo mkhuba, ungafaka imbali endaweni yokudla, engadini yamabhodlela, usebenzise okufafaza njalo noma ubeke isilwanyana esimanzi esizungeze isitshalo.
Izinambuzane
Ukwephulwa kwemithetho kokuqukethwe kwe-calathea kuholela ekubonakaleni kwezinambuzane nezifo. Izilokazane zeCalathea ziyefana nezitshalo eziningi zasendlini.
Amabala atholakala ngaphansi kweqabunga, awahambi, amunca ujusi kusuka emaqabungeni. Amacembe aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe, amahlumela afe.
Ukuba khona kwesikhwanyana kukhonjiswa ngokuvela kwenhlanganisela enamathelayo emaqabungeni, kamuva isikhunta se-sooty sihlala phezu kwaso. Ukuze ungalahli isitshalo, ukulwa kuqala ngokushesha, ukucubungula i-karbofosom noma i- "Actellik".
Izicabucabu ze-spider nazo zihlala ngaphesheya kwephayiphu lamaqabunga, ama-cobwebs acinene abika lokhu, lokhu kungenxa yomswakama ophansi egumbini. Amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka aphuzi futhi aqhekeke. Ukuze ugweme ukulinyazwa yisikhala sesicabucabu, amaqabunga afafazwa ngazo zombili izinhlangothi, hlela indawo yokugeza efudumele njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3.
Spider izimbuzane amaqabunga calathea
Ngokuhlasela okukhulu kwezinambuzane, kuzodingeka ukwelashwa nge-Actellik ne-Fitoverm.
Ngokuvela kwamaqabunga, kulula ukubona isifo sembali. Kwisitshalo esinempilo, muhle, unombala obaluliwe; ezigulini, ziphenduka ziphuzi futhi ziphuzi.
Ukuthola imbangela nokuphatha imbali, udinga ukunquma ukuthi imaphi amaphutha ekunakekelweni nasekulondolozweni enziwe, ukuqedwa kwawo kuzobuyisa i-calathea empilweni.
Naphezu kwesidingo esikhulayo sokunakekelwa, imbali yangaphakathi ye-calathea ithola ukuthandwa okubanzi, ikhulisa inani labathandi abahilelekile ekulimeni nasekuzalweni kwesitshalo esijabulisayo, esibhekwa njengophawu lwenjabulo yomndeni.
