I-Sprechelia ingeyazo izitshalo eziqhakazile ezingafani nalutho. Ubukhazikhazi nobuhle bezimbali ezingavamile kudonsela ukunaka. Izokwakha ukubumbana endlini futhi ikhulise isigodlo se-shtrekelia, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okungenziwa ngabalimi abaqalayo.
Incazelo yezitshalo
Imbali ekhangayo imelela umndeni wakwa-Amaryllis. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 ze-sphekelia: iFomosissima (enhle kakhulu) neHowardii (ebabazekayo). Lesi sitshalo sivela ezifundeni zezintaba zaseMexico naseGuatemala, lapho sibizwa khona ngokuthi i-Aztec lily noma i-daffodil yaseNdiya. Ngesikhathi semikhosi, ama-Aztec ahlobisa izingubo nezinwele ngezimbali ze-sprechelia.
Ukuvela komnduze weTemplar eYurophu kwaqala emuva ngo-1593, lapho kwalethwa khona amatilosi aseSpain.
Isimanga esimangalisayo ngaphakathi kwendlu
Ukuphakama kwesiko le-bulbous kufinyelela ku-30 cm. Ku-anyanisi omdala, ububanzi bufinyelela ku-10 cm. Amahlamvu aluhlaza agcwele indawo anombala ocwebezelayo, umumo umfishane, u-lanceolate. Ubude bamashidi yi-40 cm, ububanzi buyi-5 cm.
Lapho kuqhakaza izimbali, kube khona obumba obushelelekile obomvu obomvana obomvana ngaphakathi, obuthweswe umqhele imbali enkulu ye-asymmetric. Izinhlobo ezi-6 eziphakeme zimbozwe ngendlela emangalisayo zenze umumo omuhle.
Isimo soqobo lwamacembe
Ama-petals abomvu eza ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene. Ama-stamens amaningi aphakeme embozwe embozwe ngumbala ophuzi ophuzi. ISprechelia iphunga kamnandi lapho liqhakaza. Kubukeka njenge orchid ngokubukeka.
Ukunaka! Cishe bonke abamele i-Amarallis banobuthi. Okuqukethwe kwama-alkaloid kuphakamisa ukudakwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuthintana nejusi le-sprekelia kubangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba noma ulwelwesi lwama-mucous.
I-Magreificent Sprekelia ibizwa ngamasiko athanda ukushisa, iyasaba amakhaza. Lesi sitshalo sithathwa njengesingapheli, kepha enkabeni yeRussia maphakathi, ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okukhethekile, sikhula njengonyaka.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezidumile:
- Karwinskii. Ama-raspberry ama-petals anomngcele omhlophe.
- EPeru. Izimbali zibomvu ngokugqamile ngombala.
- I-Orient Red. Ama-petals abomvu abonakala ngama-inclusions amhlophe we-longitudinal.
Izinhlobo zezimbali eziqhakaza i-shprekelia ngoMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni kumaviki angama-3-4. Uma unakekela imbali kahle, izokujabulisa ngokuqhakaza kabusha ngoSepthemba.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya Nangaphandle
Ibhodwe le-Sprekelia
Ukuze ukhule isitshalo, khetha ibhodwe elifanele. Isitsha silingana kahle, ububanzi baso bungobubanzi obuyi-3 cm ngaphezu kobubanzi b anyanisi be-shprekelia.
Ukudalwa kwamapayipi kusetyenziswa amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe, izitini ezaphukile kuyaziswa.
Imbiza ngembiza yokudonsa yokufafaza
Lapho isivuno sikhula ebhodweni eliqinile, ukuqhakaza kwaso kwenzeka ngokushesha. Ukuze wakhe ama-bulbs endodakazi, kudingeka umkhumbi obanzi.
Inhlabathi nomanyolo
Izici ezihlukanisayo zenhlabathi zembali kungukukhanya, ubuhlakani, ukutholakala kwamanzi. Izinga le-pH ngu-5.5-6.5.
Abatshali beNovice bangawusebenzisa lo msele othengiwe womhlabathi. Uma ufisa, lungiselela umugqa ongaphansi kwakho, usebenzisa:
- i-sod - izingxenye ezi-2;
- isihlabathi, humus, Peat - 1 ingxenye ngayinye.
Sphagnum moss, pine bark, namalahle ayangezwa.
Ukulungiselela okungaphansi
Lapho utshala ebhodweni, isibani singcwatshwa emhlabathini. Zondla i- shprekelia lapho kwakhiwa i-peduncle. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufakwa njalo emavikini ama-2 kuze kube sekupheleni kwesizini yehlobo. Sebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Kubalulekile! Kwenqatshelwe ukufaka umanyolo nge-organic sparkellia: izinyoni ezikhipha amanzi, i-mullein, okuvusa ukufa kwezimbali zezimbali.
Umswakama nokunisela
I-Sprekelia ihlela umoya owomile egumbini, awudingi ukufuthelisa futhi ufafaze isitshalo ngokungeziwe.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, imbali idinga ukuthambisa kakhulu futhi inala. Kungcono ukuthambisa ukufafaza epanini noma eceleni komphetho wesitsha. Ungavumeli amanzi ukuthi athole isibani namahlamvu. Ukushintshela esimweni sokuphumula kuhambisana nokuncipha kokunisela.
Sprekelia ngemuva kwemvula
Lapho amaqabunga esomile, ukuthambisa kuyeka ngokuphelele. Ungavumeli umswakama ugcwale endaweni yezimbali futhi ungagcwali inhlabathi. Umswakama owengeziwe unesibopho sokubola isibani sempande nokufa kwesitshalo.
Ukushisa nokukhanya
Lapho isiko likhula ngokukhula futhi liqhakaza, kuzodinga ukusekelwa kombuso wokushisa. Le nkathi iwela ngenkathi efudumele futhi ayinazinkinga nge-sprekelia. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lembali ngu- + 22 ... +25 ° C.
Qaphela! ISprekelia yesaba izinguquko zokushisa. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sithanda ingadi yezimbali engavikelekile.
Ngokuqala kobusika, isikhathi sokuphumula siqala, esibonakala ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa sifinyelele ku + 16 ... +18 ° C.
I-Sprekelia idinga ukukhanya okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusihlwa nasekuseni, lesi sitshalo sizodinga imisebe yelanga eqondile okungenani amahora angama-4 ekhaya. Ukuze uthole imbali, khetha indawo eseduze kwamafasitela avulekela empumalanga, entshonalanga naseningizimu. Ngokukhula okulinganayo kwamaqabunga, i-flowerpot iyaphendulwa.
Isiko alithandi indawo emafasiteleni asenyakatho. Ukushoda kokukhanya kuholela ekunwetshisweni kwamashidi, ukulahleka kombala kanye nokwehla kokuhlobisa kwe-shcheprelia.
Ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu ntambama, kuyasiza ukuvikela i-sprekelia elangeni elihangayo. Lokhu kusebenza ezitshalweni ezisebhedeni ezivulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko livikelekile emoyeni nakwezilungiswa.
Shprekelia engadini
Izihlahla
Ukukhwabanisa kwenziwa ngemuva kwezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Isiqu sezimbali sinqunywa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha amathathu ukusuka entanyeni egcwele kakhulu. Lapho ingxenye esemhlabathini ye-shtrekelia ifa, bagaya ama-bulbs futhi basike amaqabunga omisiwe.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza izimbali
Sakaza imbali ngendlela yembewu no-anyanisi-wezingane.
Ungasitshala kanjani isibani
Ama bulb endodakazi ezakhela phansi komuntu omdala atshaliwe. Ama-anyanisi ayi-3 cm anezimpande ezincane kufanelekile ukutshala.
Ukutshala impahla
Kusetshenziswa ummese ukuhlukanisa u-anyanisi. Indawo esikiwe isasazwa ngamalahle ocushiwe. Izinto zokutshala zitshalelwe ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Inqubo iba ngoMashi. Uzodinga inhlanganisela yenhlabathi entsha. I-anyanisi ayingcwatshwanga ngokuphelele: vula i-lobe ephezulu nentamo. Kukhanya kancane. Ukwakheka kwemicibisholo yezimbali kuwuphawu lokukhulisa i-hydration. Ukondla kufakwa emanzini.
Ukutshala ama emibhedeni yezimbali entwasahlobo kungenzeka.
Ukutshala imbewu
Uma isiko lembewu likhulile, inqubo iyabhebhetheka kakhulu. Ukuqoqwa kwembewu kwenziwa maphakathi nekwindla. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, imbewu yembewu itshalwa ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi ovundisiwe omanzi.
Ngokubukeka nokuqiniswa kwezithombo, zihlala ngasikhathi sinye ku-10-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Amahlumela aqinile atshalwa emhlabathini ongavikelekile. Izitshalo ezikhulwe kusuka imbewu ziyaqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. ISprekelia isebenza ngokuzikhandla ekwakhiweni kweshubhu eligcwele.
Ukutholwa kwembewu ye-shcheprelia kutholakala ngemuva kokucoliswa kwesandla. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezimbewu akunasibopho sokugcina izimfanelo zokuhlukahluka. Kuvela imbewu emavikini ama-3, ukuhlwanyelwa akubambezeki, kwenziwe ngokushesha emva kokuqoqwa. Izinto zembewu zilahlekelwa ukuqhuma kwamaviki amahlanu.
Qaphela! Ukuhluma kwembewu entsha kungu-100%, omisiwe - 30%.
Imbewu ihlakazwa ebusweni benhlabathi ifafazwe kancane. Umbuso wokushisa ngu- + 22 ... +25 ˚С, ukwesekwa komswakama kuyadingeka. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ama-3, u-anyanisi omncane udluliselwa kwezinye zezitsha.
Imithetho yokudluliselwa kokutshala ngaphandle
Ezweni, lesi sitshalo sikhula njengonyaka, ekhaya - kuze kube iminyaka emi-5.
Lapho zizalanisa i-shcherelia, ukulima nokunakekelwa endaweni evulekile kuhlinzeka ukugcinwa kwezidingo ezithile:
- ukuthengwa kuka-anyanisi ngaphambi kokufika;
- ukukhethwa kwendawo ekhanyiswe yilanga, ngaphandle kokubhalwe phansi nokudonswa kwamanzi, ngenhlabathi evundile evundile;
- Ukutshala imbewu ngoMashi-Meyi.
Lapho ufika, sebenzisa uhlelo olulandelayo:
- ukujula kwe-anyanisi - 10 cm;
- ibanga elincanyana phakathi kwama-bulbs yi-10 cm.
Peat zokutshala sezilukisiwe. Lapho izitshalo zitshalwa ezindaweni ezibandayo, ama-bulbs ayambiwa ngemuva kwenkathi yokukhula.
Ukufa kokugcina kwamaqabunga kukhomba ukumba nokuhlanzwa kwenhlabathi neziqongo ezomile. Kuyenqatshelwa ukusika izimpande kuma-bulbs.
Gcina ama epholile ku-peat eyomile.
Peat Cheese
Ukudlula emazingeni okushisa kwe-+10 ° C kunikeza ukuhluma ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Qaphela! Izithombo ziniselwa kabili ngesonto. Lapho kushisa ngaphandle, futhi umswakama uphansi, isibalo sokunisela siyakhuphuka size sifinyelele ku-3. Inhlabathi eyomisiwe izokwehlisa ukuqina kwamanzi.
Ukunakekelwa kwezimbali okumnyama
ISprekelia inesikhathi eside sokuphumula. Kuyisigamu sonyaka: iqala ngoNovemba futhi iphela ngoMashi. Lungiselela imbali yayo lapho kufika ekwindla, kancane kancane unciphise ukuchelela. Lapho iqabunga lokugcina selinyamalala, lesi sitshalo asithelwanga. I-anyanisi ye-shprekelia ishiywe endaweni yezimbali, isitsha sibekwa egumbini elomile, elipholile elinokushisa kububanzi + 16 ... +18 ° С.
Uma ufisa, u-anyanisi ukhishwa ebhodweni, udluliselwe esitsheni esine-peat eyomile futhi ukhiphe endaweni epholile (+ 12 ... +13 ° С) kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi sasebusika. Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, baphinda batshale ama endaweni yokuqhakaza izimbali. Ukucwilisa kabusha kwesilimo kuyaqalwa lapho kwakhiwa Isiqu sezimbali.
Uma amacebo ukuhlobisa ifulethi, ihhovisi, abamba ukushisa noma ingadi, i-sprekelia izosiza ubuhle obumnandi, ukubamba indawo nokunakekela okungeke kube nzima. Isitshalo esingavamile siyokujabulisa ngemibala egqamile nephunga elimnandi ekutshaleni ama-mono-in kanye nezinye izitshalo ezingadini.
