Snapdragon - incazelo imbali, ukutshala, izifo

I-Snapdragon - izitshalo ze-herbaceous zaminyaka yonke nezimi minyaka yonke, ezazibhekwa njengomndeni waseNorichnikov, manje - iPodorozhnik. Igama lesayensi lohlobo yi-Antirrinum, lifaka izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinempilo ezingama-perennial ampmous. Ummeleli oyinhloko wohlobo yi-Great snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.). Ukuzalaniswa komhlaba kunamakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nenzalo, izinhlobo eziyi-10 zifakwa kwirejista yombuso yeRussian Federation. EsiNgisini, i- snapdragon ibizwa nge- Snapdragon.

Umsuka nokubukeka kwesitshalo

Izinhlobo zezimbali zasendle zasendle zatholakala ezwekazini laseMelika, zabe sezisakazwa eYurophu naseRussia.

Lezi izihlahla ezinqenqemeni lomumo wepiramidi ezinezimbali ezilula noma eziphindwe kabili zesimo esingajwayelekile, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence-brushes futhi zitholakala kuma-peduncle aphezulu.

Uhlobo olukhulu lwe-snapdragon lukhula minyaka yonke eningizimu yeYurophu (iFrance, iSpain, iMalta), eNyakatho Afrika (iLibya, iTunisia, neMorocco) naseMpumalanga Asia (Turkey, eCyprus). Kula mazwe, amasiko asetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezinamapaki nasemigwaqweni yedolobha.

Ingadi snapdragons engadini yasemgwaqweni

I-snapdragon yasendle (inkambu)

I-snapdragon yasendle (ifilakisi yasendle, ifilakisi yefilakisi) ingamakhambi angapheli, ifinyelela ku-60 amasentimitha, ngesiqu esiqondile noma esinamagatsha aqondile, lapho amaqabunga e-lanceolate-linear atshalwe kakhulu.

Iziqu zezimo ezahlukahlukene zingaba nemifino ebusweni bazo. Kulesi antirrinum yesihloko esikhulu amahlumela, ambozwe kakhulu ngezinwele ze-glandular. Izimbali zivuleka ngasikhathi sinye. Imvamisa izimbali ezingaphezulu emabhulashini ziyavuleka lapho ezisezansi sezivele zabuna.

Izimbali zasendle zingaba ophuzi, zibomvu, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zibomvu ikakhulu nge-perianth elula. Izithelo - amakhebuli afinyelela ku-2 cm ubude ngembewu emincane eshisiwe.

Lesi sitshalo sitholakala kaningi kulo lonke izwe lase Russia. Imvamisa ikhula njengokhula emafutheni ashiywe emasimini, emasimini, emithambekeni, emifantwini, emigwaqweni, emahlathini aqobayo futhi aqabile. Futhi, iyatholakala kumuntu iziza zomuntu.

Ukuqhuma kwe-snapdragon

Ehlobo lokuqala, izihlahla zakha ama-peduncle aqinile ngamabhulashi we-bud. Ezinhlotsheni ezifuywayo ze-antirrinum, ama-buds ebhulashi, njengomthetho, avulekile ngasikhathi sinye. Kwisitshalo esisodwa, ama-inflorescence angama-20-40 angakhiwa - ama-spikelets, ku-spikelet ngakunye kusuka kwizimbali ezi-5 kuye kwezingama-50 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngohlobo oluhlukahlukene.

Izimbali zine-axis eyodwa yokulinganisa (i-zygomorphic), enobude obungu-2 kuya ku-5 cm. Kusukela phansi, ishubhu yobude obuhlukahlukene, ophela ezinhlwini ezivulekile, iyahlukaniswa. Amacembe amafushane abizwa ngokuthi "izindebe eziphakeme," amade abizwa ngokuthi "izindebe eziphansi." I-antirrinum inenqwaba yababhali - ama-4. Ama-petals angaba nomphetho olula noma odotiwe, umfaniswano noma umbala we-heterogeneous, futhi abe nezindawo ezinokubukeka okuhlukahlukene. Izimbali zinephunga elimnandi.

Isimbali se-Snapdragon

Lapho izimbali eziqhakazayo

Izinhlobo kanye nzalo zihlukaniswe ngezinsuku zezimbali:

• ekuqaleni - kuqhakaza izinsuku ezingama-60-70 ngemuva kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula - ama-antirrinums amancanyana, izinhlobo Machaon, Sakura Blossom;
• eliphakathi nendawo - liqhakaza izinsuku ezingama-70-90 emva kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula - izinhlobo ezinde kakhulu;
• sekwephuzile - ukuqhakaza kwazo kubonwa ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-90 kuqalile isikhathi sokukhula.

Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezinhlobonhlobo ngamunye singesokuhlukahluka futhi sihlukahluka kakhulu ngisho ezinhlotsheni zamaqembu ahlukahlukene afanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqanjwa kombhede wezimbali kanye nemingcele ye-mixb, kuyadingeka ukutadisha ngokucophelela incazelo yezinhlobo ze-snapdragon nezitshalo zayo ezihambisana nayo. Ngokwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ama-antirrinums ahlukaniswe:

• izinhlobo zesikhathi esifushane sokuqhakaza - kufika ezinsukwini ezingama-50 (i-Cinderella hyacinthaceous);
• izinhlobo ezinenkathi yezimbali ezimaphakathi - kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-50 kuye kwezingu-100 (ePhoenix);
• izinhlobo ezinezimbali ezinde - kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-100 kuye kwezingu-150 (Arthur, Machaon);
• izinhlobo ezinenkathi ende yezimbali - ngaphezulu kwezinsuku ezingama-150 (amafomu amancanyana kanye nama-perennials).

I-antirrinum yedwarali ngokuhlanganiswa neLobelia nePetunias

I-Snapdragon isho izitshalo ezingabandisi ukubanda, kepha kukhethwa unyaka nonyaka ukuze isikhathi sazo sezitshalo siphele ngaphambi kokuqala kwamafrimu aqinile, uma kungenjalo, izitshalo zizobukeka zingasebenzi ngezinto ezihamba ngezinyawo ezishwabene. Izindlela zokungenelela kufanele zikhuliswe emasikweni esitsha futhi zidluliselwe ezakhiweni lapho kubanda khona isimo sezulu.

I-Snapdragon: ukuphakama kwezitshalo

Ngokuya ngobude besiko lokuhlobisa, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-snapdragon ziyahlukaniswa:

• incanyana (icwecwe) - ukuphakama kwezitshalo 20-35 cm, ububanzi 20-30 cm, okulungele kangcono ukukhula kumabhodwe, kuhlanganiswe nazo zonke izitshalo zezimbali;
• aphakathi nendawo - ama-bush ukuphakama kusuka ku-35 kuye ku-60 cm, ububanzi obungama-25-40 cm, emibhedeni yezimbali zasepaki kuyisiko elilodwa;
• phezulu - bush 60-80 cm ukuphakama, 25-40 cm ubukhulu;
• gigantic - ngenhla okungama-80 cm, ezingomeni zepaki zivela ngemuva noma ngesimo uthango.

Ama-antirrinums ngemuva

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-snapdragon perennial

Izinhlobo ze-perennial zifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur. Cabanga ngokuthandwa kakhulu.

Phakathi snapdragon

Izinhlobonhlobo zeTwini zisho amafomu acwebile angama terry angama-cm ukuphakama okufika ku-30. Lezi yizizukulwane zezizukulwane zokuqala ze-F1 - izitshalo ezinemibala emihle, ezilungele ukukhula emngceleni nasemabhodweni:

Phakathi kukaRose F1

• opinki omnyama - uViolet;
• pink opinki nomhlophe - ama-roses;
• peach - Peach;
• i-orange - I-Bronze Shades.

I-Twini Bronze Shades F1

I-Terry snapdragon

Izinhlobonhlobo ezimfishane zeTerry - Imvula enezimbali (imibukiso yezimbali) ingxube enemibala ehlukahlukene ye-hybrid eyodwa-, amafomu amabili- nemibala emithathu.

Imvula yezimbali

Snapdragon ophuzi

Ezinhlotsheni zeMvula yeZimbali, izinhlobo eziphuzi zegama elifanayo ziyagqama. Le hybrid ingahlanganiswa ngokuphephile nezinye izitshalo noma yiziphi izinhlobo nemibala. Iqala ukuqhakaza ezinsukwini ezingama-55-60 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela futhi ibonakala ngokuqhakaza okude kuze kube yiqhwa.

Izinkampani zembewu ezinjengo-Aelita, Altai Seed nabanye zinikeza uchungechunge lwezingane ezinde ezinonyaka owodwa ubudala ezibizwa nge-Brazil Carnival. Lezi zitshalo kulula ukuzikhulisa, ukhipha izingongolo zinobukhulu, zilungele ukusikwa kube sezimbali.

I-carnival yaseBrazil

Izithambo zokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile

Impumelelo yokukhula kwama-snapdragons emhlabathini ovulekile ukulungiswa okufanele kwengxube yenhlabathi. Yimaphi amanye amaqhinga abalimi abanolwazi abawasebenzisayo lapho kukhula izitshalo? Lokhu kuzochazwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Khula snapdragons kusuka imbewu

Izinhlobo zokuqala ziqhubeka ukuqhakaza kungakabi izinsuku ezingama-55-60 emva kokuhluma. Ngakho-ke, kungakuhle ukubakhulisa indlela yokutshala. Lapho kunqunywa isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo, ziqondiswa isikhathi sokutshala utamatisi esifundeni. Iminyaka yezithombo nezintandokazi ze-antirrinum notamatisi lokushisa komoya ngesikhathi sokutshala nazo ziyahlangana.

Okokuhlwanyela thatha iziqukathi ezingashoni noma izithombo zokugcina izithombo zepulasitiki ezinembozo esobala. Ngaphansi kwesitsha kufanele kwenziwe ugcotshwa ukuze kukhishwe amanzi okunisela ngokweqile. Inhlabathi ye-Universal ikhethiwe ngesakhiwo esihlelwe kahle, ithululelwa esitsheni esinengqimba enamasentimitha angama-3.5-4, oswakanyiswe kusuka ebhodleleni lokufafaza.

Imbewu ibekwa kahle ngaphandle ngaphandle kokumbelwa emhlabathini. Njengoba mncane kakhulu, ukunyakaza kwezandla ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela kuyafana nokuthi ungalithela kanjani usawoti. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu yengilazi noma yeselula bese kwesokunxele kukhanya emazingeni okushisa ayi-18-22 ° C. Isikhathi sokuzala yizinsuku ezingama-7-10. Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, ifilimu iyasuswa.

Izithombo zeluleka ngokushesha, ngalesi sikhathi zidinga ukufafazwa kancane ngenhlabathi evulekile futhi iniselwe, kugweme ukweqisa kwenhlabathi. Lapho amahlumela amasha efika kubude obungu-4-5 cm, aqala ukudonsa izithombo. Izinhlobo ezinamakhompiyutha zitshalwa emabhokisini kude ne-5 × 5 cm, kanti ezinde futhi ezinkulu zitshalwa emiphongolweni engu-8 × 8 noma 10 × 10 cm.

Izithombo zokutshala ngaphandle

Ngaphambi kokutshala izimbali emibhedeni yezimbali, izithombo zishiswa isikhathi esiyizinsuku eziyi-10-16 endaweni ehlala njalo. Amabhokisi ashiywe lapho emthunzini ovulekile wezihlahla, okokuqala imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-40, okuletha ukuvezwa kwezinsuku ezigcwele ngezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine.

Inhlabathi yegumbi lezimbali ilungiselelwe ekwindla. Ukumba okujulile kuyenziwa, izakhi eziningi ze-organic zilethwa: izinsalela zezitshalo zomhlabathi zichotshoziwe phansi, i-humus ne-peat zisondele ebusweni. Inhlabathi igcwele umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali ngesilinganiso sama-40-60 g / m².

Izitshalo zitshalwa emibhedeni yezimbali ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-30 ukusuka komunye nomunye, ziniselwe futhi zifukamele inhlabathi ngenaliti noma ngotshani obunjiwe

I-Snapdragon: ukusakazwa ngezinsika

Ukusika kubhekisa ezindleleni zokuzala. Ungaphendukela kulo uma udinga ukusabalalisa ngokushesha isitshalo osithandayo.

Ukusika kusikwa 1 cm ngaphansi kwe-internode, kufakwe amahora angama-1-3 kusisombululo seKornevin bese kufakwa amanzi wokuthathwa kweengcambu, okuhlala amasonto ama-2-3.

Ungasikhulisa kanjani isitshalo esizeni

Ngemuva kokudlulisa izithombo, ukunakekela ama-snapdragons kuqukethe ukuthambisa okujwayelekile, ukhula kanye nokukhanyisa umhlabathi. Njengama-peduncles ubudala, asikwa aze aphansi ngangokunokwenzeka emhlabathini esebenzisa i-pruner.

Ehlobo, izitshalo zizodinga ukuvundiswa okungu-3-4, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezinezimbali ezinde.

Ukukhetha indawo enhle kakhulu

Ezifundeni ezinamahlobo ashisayo ehlobo, ama-antirrinums angatshalwa emthunzini oyingxenye. Inketho enhle yokutshala eduze kwethani, eliniselwa ngokufafaza. Lesi silinganiso sandisa umswakama womoya.

Esifundeni Esiphakathi kanye nasenyakatho, ama-snapdragon ayozizwa engcono elangeni. Inhlabathi esakhiweni kufanele ikhishwe kahle.

Ukondla i-snapdragon

Isibonakaliso sokugqoka kungenzeka ukuthi izitshalo ziyeka ukwakha ama-peduncle amasha, umbala wezimbali uyavela, amaqabunga aphuzi.

Kulokhu, i-40 g ye-urea ihlanjululwe ngo-10 l wamanzi futhi umbhede wezimbali uyaniselwa. Ekupheleni kwesizini, kumanyolo nge-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium fertilizer kuzodingeka: I-20 g ye-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate iyachithwa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese izihlahla ziniselwa ngalesi sixazululo.

Ngabe kufanele ngincele ama-snapdragons futhi nini

Ukunciphisa izinhlobo ezinde kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole izikebhe ezinde eziqinile. Kwenziwa endaweni ephakeme yesitshalo engu-10 cm. Izinhlobo ezikhuphukayo nezifishane zingabhincwa kaninginingi ngesikhathi sasehlobo - lesi silinganiso sinomthelela ekwakhekeni kwezihlahla ezivuthayo.

Ungayqoqa kanjani imbewu ye-snapdragon ekhaya

Ukuqoqa imbewu, umoba wezimbali kufanele uvunyelwe ukuvuthwa kahle.

Uma imvula nesimo sezulu sipholile sisekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla yokuqala, izimbali akunakwenzeka ukuthi zivuthwe ku-flowerbed. Kulesi simo, lesi sitshalo simbiwa ngokucophelela ngempande, sikhishwe emhlabathini bese simiswa egumbini elomile, njengesithsaba sokomisa.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Naphezu kokuphikiswa ukubanda, amafomu anezimbali ezihlala njalo nezimbali ezinde adluliselwa endlini kahle ngaphambi kwesimo sezulu esipholile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ezinye zezimbali zizolahlekelwa ukubukeka kwazo kobuhle. Amabhasi ezinhlobonhlobo zonyaka abekwa emigodini yomquba.

Ukukhula kwe-snapdragons kuvulandi

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezimbali zezimbali ku-cache-pot kuzoba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wanoma iyiphi i-balcony noma i-loggia. Ngalesi sitshalo, ungamangaza omakhelwane bakho, izivakashi, izibukeli ezijwayelekile. Ukuzithobela kwama-snapdragons akhulayo ezitsheni ezilengayo kuchazwe ngezansi.

I-Snapdragon imbali yokugeza izimbiza zezimbali

I-Snapdragon: Izinhlobo ezimfushane ezingaphansi

Ukulinyelwa ebhodweni, kungakuhle ukutshala izinhlobonhlobo eziningana ze-Flower Rain ezahlukahlukene ukuthola ingxube yezimbali. Isibonelo, nzalo ye-monophonic ibukeka ihle kakhulu ndawonye: I-Crimson ebomvu ekhanyayo, i-Sakura ephuzi nomhlophe.

Ukuhlanganiswa okungaphezulu, izimbali ezinenhlanganisela engafani nemibala zikhethwa.

Ungayitshala kanjani imbewu yokukhula ezimbizeni

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu akufani nokuhlwanyela izithombo komhlaba ovulekile. Umehluko ukuthi lapho kukhula ezimbizeni, izithombo ezi-diving zenziwa ngokushesha esitsheni esingaguquki. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, izihloko zamahlumela namathiphu ezimpande ancitshwa ezitshalweni ukunqanda ukukhula kohlelo lwezimpande ngaphansi kwezimo zokutshala obukhulu.

Ngesikhathi sokukhula, inhlabathi emabhodweni ivundiswa ngama-humate complexes njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12. Ngokuxubha kwezitshalo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokukhunta kungenzeka kuzo. Ukuvimbela, afafazwa ngeTopazi. Izimbiza zezimbali eziqhakaza kuvulandi ngeke zishiye noma ngubani ongenandaba uma enakekelwa kahle.

Ubuhle obumangalisayo be-snapdragon yezimbali yisizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani kufanele itshalwe endaweni yayo noma lapha eseduze ebhodweni. Njengoba isipiliyoni sibonisa, abalimi abaqala ukukhulisa ama-antirrinums abasakwazi ukutshala le mbali, bezama izinhlobo ezintsha kanye nzalo njalo ngonyaka.