Gooseberry Malachite - yini okufanele uyenze ngalesi sitshalo ngemuva kokukha amajikijolo

Ama-Gooseberry kade kwaba ngesinye sezitshalo ezithandwayo zabalimi. Akumangazi ukuthi bekuyiminyaka yangemva kwempi lapho beqala khona ukuyihlakulela njengento ebalulekile yokutshala kwamajikijolo ezindlini zasehlobo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amajikijolo aqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi, njengoba kwenzeka, zibekezelela kakhulu amaqhwa, okwandisa indawo yokusabalalisa kude nenyakatho.

Umlando wemvelaphi yezinhlobonhlobo

Sebenza ekwakhiweni okusha kwe-gooseberry okukhiqiza isivuno esisha kakhulu kuqale ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-40s. Inani lesiko, ngokuya ngokuqukethwe amavithamini, belinzima ukulidla ngokweqile. Kungaleso sizathu-ke ukuthi kwathathwa isinqumo sokuqondisa imizamo ekutshaleni izinhlobo ezintsha zezinhlobo, kususelwa ezinhlotsheni ezisetshenziselwe izwe laseYurophu. Impumelelo yomsebenzi weqembu K. ​​Sergeeva yacaciswa ngonyaka we-1952, lapho kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo eziningi ezihlangabezana nezidingo ngokuvamile. Izinhlobonhlobo zaqedwa ngo-1959 yi-All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture eqanjwe ngo-I.V. Michurin. I-Phenic ne-Black negus baba ngabazali bezinhlobonhlobo.

I-Gooseberry Malachite

I-Gooseberry Malachite, incazelo eyahlukahlukene ebekwe kwirejista yezinhlobonhlobo, ibonakala njengekhwekhwezi lokuvuthwa okuphakathi okuqala ngesizini elifushane lokukhula nesikhathi eside sokwenza izithelo esifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-15.

Izici zebhasi

Amabhasi abonakala njengamade, ngenani elikhulu lamahlumela. Ukudubula kuqondile, kunwebekile, kuthambekele ekugobeni ngaphakathi kwesihlahla ngesikhathi sokukhula.

I-Gooseberry malachite inamaqabunga amakhulu, amakhulu kunamaqabunga aphakathi. Ipuleti lamaqabunga libushelelezi, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza amaqabunga aba buthaka, umbala kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani entwasahlobo kuya kumbala ojulile ohlaza ehlobo. Ngaphezulu kwepuleti leqabunga kuyakhonjiswa, kunezihlahlana ezinhlanu, iqabunga ngokwalo lilingana nenxenye ephakathi nendawo yomphetho kanye nemiphetho yokulengiswa.

Izici zikajikijolo

Izinhlobonhlobo zisebenza kahle. Amajikijolo ayindilinga oyindilinga ngesimo ngobuningi bemithambo ebunjiwe yombala omhlophe noma onsomi obomvana. Ikhasi lincane, ingaphakathi ligcwele imbewu. Isisindo samajikijolo phakathi nesikhathi sokuzala okukhiqizwayo singama-gramu ayi-6,6, esikhathini esincane singakhuphuka kakhulu size sifinyelele ku-8-9. Eminyakeni yamuva, usayizi wehliselwe ku-4 amagremu.

Amajikijolo avuthiwe emagatsheni

Izici zeBanga

I-Gooseberry Malachite inezimpawu zayo ezihlukanisa ezinye izinhlobo.

Isikhathi sokuvula nesivuno

Izimbali zenzeka engxenyeni yokuqala kaMeyi. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo ukuphela kukaJuni nokuqala kukaJulayi. Ukuvunwa okuningi ngama-80-90% ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo ekhwalithi yezentengiso kwenzeka ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Ukuze zizalwe ngembewu, amajikijolo akhethwa ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.

Isihlahla sinikeza isivuno sokuqala ngonyaka wesithathu ngemuva kokutshala. Isigaba esisebenzayo siqala ngeminyaka engu-3-4 yempilo futhi siphela ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-8-9. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-12, isihlahla siqala ukulahlekelwa yizimfanelo zaso futhi sizonakalise. Ngeminyaka eyi-15-16, izinga lesivuno selinciphisa kusuka kunqampuna liye kuma-30- 40%. Isivuno esivamile eminyakeni yokukhiqiza sifinyelela kuma-4 kg amajikijolo esihlahleni ngasinye.

Izici zokunambitha

I-pulp inejusi, inezwi elishiwo omuncu kanye nokuqeda ushukela. Banephunga elimnandi le-berry. Ngisho namajikijolo amaningi asevinjelwe kahle anikeza ukunambitheka okumuncu kokunambitha.

Ukumelana nesomiso nesithwathwa

Kulokhu kuhlukahluka, isithwathwa esinzima phansi sifinyelela kuma-25 degrees akunzima kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zagcotshwa ngokulindela ukulinyelwa ezifundeni ezinobusika obuncane obungashisi nobusika obude obunamawundla avamile. IMalachite ivumelaniswe kahle nezimo zaseRussia maphakathi. Umoya, i-icing nesembozo esikhulu seqhwa akamesabi.

Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane

Izinambuzane eziphambili ze-gooseberries ezisendleleni ephakathi nendawo esifundeni saseMoscow ziyizinambuzane zasendaweni yendawo. Phakathi kokunye, okuyingozi kakhulu yile:

• i-aphid - ithinta zombili izihlahla ngazinye nokutshala okuphelele;
• amabhokisi omlilo;
• abasiki bengqephu - ukunqotshwa kwamahlumela akhiqizayo weminyaka engu-2-3 yobudala kuyingozi.

Izindlela zokulawula - ukuncipha okufika ngesikhathi, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukuvuselelwa kwesihlahla okuphoqelekile. Ukuhambisana nemithetho yokulahlwa kwamahlumela athintekile.

Izinhlobonhlobo zinokungalingani okuhlobene nezici zebhayoloji, noma kunjalo, yize kunokwazi ukubekezelela i-powdery hlobo, kungathinteka:

• i-anthracosis;
• USeporia;
• ukugqwala.

Izindlela zokuvimbela nokwelashwa:

• ukuhambisana nazo zonke izimo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo - ukuvuna amaqabunga ekwindla, ukuthena kwentwasahlobo kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu, i-mulching;
• ukuchelela esimweni sezulu esomile; inyanga ebucayi inguJulayi.
• ukucubungula ekwindla ngamakhompiyutha wokuvikela, ekusebenzeni kwentwasahlobo nge-Bordeaux ingxube
• ngesikhathi sokukhula - izidakamizwa ezi-systemic immunostimulating.

Ukusetshenziswa kukaBerry

Amajikijolo wezimpahla ezinokuqukethwe okunoshukela okuningi kufanelekile ukumunzwa. Kwindlela yokupheka ebusayo, ama-gooseberry asetshenziswa njengokugcwalisa ophaya, ama-jellies, ujamu kwenziwa kuwo, izithelo ezi-stewed ziphekiwe.

Kubathandi be-exotic, kukhona izindlela zokupheka iwayini elenziwe nge-gooseberry Malachite notshwala. Iwayini linephunga elikhanyayo le-berry, linokuvumelana okungabonakali. Futhi utshwala bugcwele umbala we-malachite. Futhi ukunambitheka, nesixha!

Ukuvunwa kukaBerry

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi ebangeni Malachite

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zeqembu eliphakathi nokuvuthwa eliphakathi nendawo ezilungiselelwe izimo zebhendi eliphakathi kufanele kuqashelwe:

• ukumelana nesithwathwa esiphakeme;
• ukukhiqiza okuphezulu njalo;
• ukunambitheka okuhle kwamajikijolo, kugcwele amavithamini kanye namaminerali;
• izithelo, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, musa ukudilika, kepha hlala emagatsheni uze womile ngokuphelele;
• amajikijolo akubekezelela ngokuphelele ukuthutha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukubukeka kwawo nokunambitheka.

Maye, kunezinkinga:

• ukumelana kwe-Mediocre ku-anthracosis;
• isidingo sokunisela ngesikhathi ngesikhathi esomile.

Ukutshala izithombo ezincane esizeni

Ukuze umhlaba uphumelele futhi amabhasi asemancane athathe izimpande, kumele kubhekwe imithetho eminingi.

Ukukhetha kanye nokulungiselela izithombo

Ukutshala, kusetshenziswa izithombo zeminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala enohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo zinqunywa emahlathini owomile bese kuthiwe ama-rhizomes avuselelwe. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukubekezelela amahora angama-4-6 kusixazululo sezimpande noma ezinye izidakamizwa zokusika ukubamba ngokushesha.

Isikhathi nephethini yokufika

I-Autumn isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke sokutshala izihlahla. Kusekupheleni ukuthi amahlumela amasha aphenduka izitshalo ezizimele, aphathe izimpande kahle futhi azimele ngokuphelele ehlathini lomzali.

Isikhathi sentwasahlobo sokutshala sigxile esimweni sezulu esifudumele esizolile, lapho ukuvuvukala okusebenzayo kwezinso kuqala.

Uhlelo lokutshala lujwayelekile, kunesikhala phakathi kwezihlahla zamamitha ayi-1-1,5. Lesi isihlahla mude, esidlangile, futhi udinga indawo yokungena ngesikhathi somsebenzi.

Ukukhetha indawo yokubeka

Okwamabhukumaka ezincwadi anconyiwe:

• uhlangothi lwelanga lwesakhiwo, oluvulekele ilanga usuku lonke;
• ukuntuleka kokubhaliwe;
• inhlabathi endaweni ithande ukungathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane;
• inhlabathi ebunjiwe nobumba, futhi indawo ekahle yokukhula ingumhlabathi ogcwele, omile.

Ukutshala kwe-Bush

Ukulungiswa kwesiza

Ukulungiswa kwesiza kuqukethe ukusula indawo kusuka emasimini amadala, ukuklama ingaphezulu, ukwephula iphethini yokutshala ngemigqa, kuqaphela ukuhlukaniswa kwesikhala.

Inqubo yokufakelwa

Imigodi yokufakelwa ilungiswa ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ngaphambi kokutshala. Sayizi 50x50 cm kuya ekujuleni kwama-55-60 cm. Ngaphansi embozwe nge-humus noma umquba. Ungqimba lwe-2-5 cm, olandelwa ngu-5 cm womhlaba ovundile. Ngaphambi kokwehla, ukuthambisa okuningi. Isithombo sisethelwe maphakathi nomgodi. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, izimpande ziqondiswa ngendlela yokuthi kukhona indawo enkulu yohlelo lwezimpande ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukugcwaliswa kwenziwa ngokunganyakazi njalo ukuvikela ukwenzeka kwama-voids. Ngemuva kokutshala, unciphise iziqongo kuze kufike ku-15 cm cm bese unisela ngamalitha ayi-10-12 amanzi.

Izici zokunisela nokunakekela kwesizini

Ngezinkathi ezahlukahlukene, ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla kuhlukile.

Ukunisela nokondla

Isikhathi sokunisela sokuqala kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu ukuphela kuka-Ephreli-ukuqala kukaMeyi kuze kube isikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ngokugqoka okuphezulu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-iron sulfate noma isixazululo sezinto eziphilayo.

Ukugqoka kwesibili okuphezulu ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa yishumi leminyaka lokuqala likaJuni. UJulayi uvame ukukhawulelwa ukunisela njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10. Ngemuva kokuvuna, ukunakekelwa kwe-gooseberry kuqukethe ukunisela ukuze kulondolozwe ibhalansi yamanzi nokuqinisa ama-bends ngesikhathi sokukhula kwe-rooting.

Ukulima nokutshala

I-mulching yenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. I-Autumn ngemuva kokuvunwa, kusetshenziswa amagxolo kaphayini. Entwasahlobo, iyahlanzwa futhi ilahlwe. Esikhundleni salokho, kubekwa utshani noma i-hay. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali nezithelo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa utshani obusikiwe obusha. Utshani obuchotshoziwe bubekwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla, ngemuva kwesonto lapho kukhululwa, kubekwa ingxenye entsha ye-mulch. Ukuvula kube kunconywa ezinsukwini ezingama-4-5 ngemuva kokunisela.

Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela

Ebusika, amagatsha afafazwa ngamalungiselelo we-anti-spore ngopende ukuvikela elangeni. Ngemuva kokuba iqhwa lihlibilike, ukulungiselela kuyaphindwa. Ngaphambi kokuqeda amaqabunga, fafaza ngengxube yeBordeaux. NgoJuni-Julayi, kepha kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14 ngaphambi kokuqoqwa kwamajikijolo, kulungiswa inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kwezifo, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukusetshenziswa kweziqu

Ukuze amagatsha anganciki emhlabathini, enza izixhaso ngesihlahla. Zenziwe ngamapulangwe enziwe ngamapulangwe noma ngamapayipi epulasitiki angama-25-30 cm ukuphakama kusuka emhlabathini noma kusetshenziswa ukusekela okuphakathi nendawo okugoqwa kuyo izintambo ezinobubanzi obungu-6mm mm ngezintambo ezingama-4-5.

Inketho yepayipi lokubopha ipulasitiki

Izihlahla

Ukuthena izihlahla kwenziwa ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Akukho ukusikwa okuhleliwe ngo-Agasti. Odinga ukukwenza nge-gooseberries ngemuva kokukha amajikijolo ngoSepthemba-Okthoba ukwakha isihlahla nokususa amahlumela amadala kuneminyaka emi-4. Entwasahlobo, amagatsha afile asuselwa ezithweni eziphilayo.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ukumelana nesithwathwa - kudinga ukumbozwa ungqimba lwamahlamvu noma umhlanga. Ngaphambi kokuhamba uye ebusika, udinga ukususa amagatsha anesifo nawofile. Cwecwa amaqabunga e-gooseberry bese mulch amagxolo.

Ukuzala

Ukuze kwenziwe kabusha ama-gooseberries, kunezindlela ezimbalwa: ukusika, ukuhlukaniswa, ukubekwa kanye nokuxhunyelelwa. Isikhathi esisebenzisa isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside - ngembewu.

Izimbumbulu

Ngokusika, kusetshenziswa amahlumela anamahlamvu angama-6,6 wamaqabunga. Isihloko senziwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukufakwa emanzini kwenziwa kusisombululo sempande. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-trim ibekwa ku-greenhouse. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-21, lo greenhouse uyavula bese kuthi isiqu sihlale sivulekile.

Isigaba

Okokukhiqiza kabusha, kusetshenziswa amabhasi amadala kuneminyaka engama-5-6. Ngonyaka ngaphambi kwenqubo, wonke amahlumela amadala ayasuswa. Ngentwasahlobo noma ekwindla, isihlahla semba, bese amahlumela amasha ngohlelo lwezimpande ahlukaniswe. Ukufika kwenziwa endaweni entsha.

Ukubekwa

Ukudubula okuncane okuluhlaza okwenziwe ngeminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala entwasahlobo kugoba phansi futhi kuqondwe ngamabakaki wensimbi amabili. Ingqimba yenhlabathi ithululelwa ngaphezulu. Indawo enezimpande iniselwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-21, urea uyondliwa. Ukulungela ukubeka ngenkathi kwentwasahlobo ibekwa ngemuva konyaka owodwa.

Ukugoma

Izinhlobo ezintsha zingakhiwa ngokugoma. Ukuze kugonywe, kuthathwa amahlumela anelayisi. Ukugoma kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokuvuvukala kwezinso. Amathuba wemiphumela ephumelelayo afinyelela ku-40%.

Imbewu

Imbewu evela amajikijolo avuthiwe omile kancane futhi atshalwe ebhodweni elinengxube yenhlabathi. Ebusika, ibhodwe liyimbiwa noma lidluliselwe egumbini elingaphansi. Amahlumela entwasahlobo.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo

Isihluthulelo sempumelelo ngokulawulwa kwezinambuzane ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo okufanele nokusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo ayinkimbinkimbi ukuze zivikeleke. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kufaka phakathi i-mulching, ukugawulwa kwendle, ukugqoka phezulu nokunisela. Esimweni zokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, fafaza ekwindla nasentwasahlobo ngokumelene nezinhlamvu. Futhi ehlobo ukuvikela ezilwa nezinambuzane nezifo.

Uma wenza zonke izinqubo nokusebenza ukunakekela i-gooseberry Malachite, kungenzeka ukuthi amahlathi angajabulisa isivuno esikhulu njalo. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi lokhu okuhlukahlukene okuneminyaka engama-60 yomlando kusathandwa ngabalimi.