I-calceolaria imbali - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Imbali enhle ngokungafani nalutho ekuqaleni ibonakala iyinto yokwenziwa ngokuphelele. Imibala ekhanyayo, ukwakheka okungafani nezimbali zayo ngokuzenzakalela zithi lesi sitshalo esihle singama-exotic amaningi. Ukubonakala kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwenza umuntu acabange ukuthi imbali engaphakathi ye-calceolaria ifuneka kakhulu futhi inyamekile ngokunakekelwa. Eqinisweni, inqubo yokushiya imnandi futhi ayihambeki neze.

I-venus slipper

Yikho kanye lokho abakubiza nge-calceolaria eyodwa-flowered callieolaria (calceolaria uniflora). Isithandwa esingajwayelekile sezintaba savela emehlweni ezinhlansi zaseNingizimu Melika, eTierra del Fuego. Ukusuka eMelika, walethwa eNgilandi, kwathi emuva kokuba ubuhle obuxakile kwasakazekela emakhaya kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

Isihlahla sincane impela, imininingwane yendawo enezintaba ayizange ivume ukuba ikhule ngaphezu kuka-10 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, aluhlaza, aqoqwe kusokisi.

Izimbali eziqhakazile nezingajwayelekile ze-calceolaria

Izimbali 2,5 cm ubude zikhula amahlumela amade. I-inflorescence iqukethe amacembe amabili we-convex. I-petal engenhla incane kakhulu futhi ayifani, kanti ephansi iyaphakama futhi iyindilinga.

Phansi kwamaphalishi, ama-stamens angama-2-3 ahlobisa umnyombo. Umbala uphuzi, unamabala abomvu namachashazi. Ukuqhuma kwentaba kuqhuma ngoJulayi, cishe amasonto amahlanu.

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ze-calceolaria zokukhula engadini

ICalceolaria itshalwa engadini njengembali yonyaka. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, isimo sezulu esishisayo sichitha ukuhlobisa kwesihlahla, ngakho-ke unyaka nonyaka abalimi bavuselela imbali yabo yezimbali yezimbali ezingajwayelekile.

Izinhlobo zegadi zihlukene, zibe nombala ohlukile nokwakheka kwama-inflorescence. Ngokungafani ne-calceolaria esezintabeni, ingadi ingakhula ibe yi-50 cm ubude, futhi ikhule ngobubanzi ngama-25-35 cm.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-calceolaria:

• ICalceolaria mexican (iCalceolaria Mexicoana). Umhlali ogqamile wezintaba zaseMexico yi-thermophilic, ukhula aze afike ku-25 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga e-ovary embozwe inqwaba abekwa amahlumela angamagatsha. Izimbali eziphuzi ezindebe ezinemilomo emibili kufinyelela ku-5 cm ubukhulu zibekwa emaphethelweni amahlumela. Izithobile zinombala, izindawo ezinamanzi nokuvikelwa komoya. Ukuqhakaza okukhulu kwenzeka ngoMeyi-Juni futhi kuthatha amasonto amathathu.
• ICalceolaria isontekile, noma inamaqabunga onke (iCalceolaria Rugosa, iCalceolaria Integrifolia). Ubuhle baseChile bukhiqiza amahlumela ahlutshiwe afinyelela kuma-25 cm. Amaqabunga angama-oval, akhombe, anemithambo ecacile. Izimbali ubukhulu zingafika ku-2,5 cm, ziphuzi okumsulwa, zinamachashazi amakhulu eziqongweni zeziqu. Izimbali zihlala ihlobo lonke kuze kubanda.

ICalceolaria-flower eyodwa noma i-venus slipper

• ICalceolaria aimurea (iCalceolaria aimurea). Isihlahla sikhula size sifinyelele ku-50 cm ukuphakama futhi sihlukaniswa ngombala waso omuhle we-petals kanye namahlumela - onsomi emnyama. Amaqabunga abuye abe nombala onsomi, omnyama, onezimbali emaphethelweni. I-inflorescence enezindebe ezimbili - i-petal engezansi ivuvukala futhi ifana negobolondo, kanti ibhola elingensomi elingenhla lilele ngaphezulu kwesibili. Umbala ogqamile awuvumeli ukudlula esihlahleni esihle kangaka engadini.
• ICalceolaria Tender (iCalceolaria Tenella). Bush okungekho ngaphezulu kwama-8 cm amacembe amnyama aqokelelwe esokeni. Izimbali zipendiwe ngombala ophuzi wegolide onamachashazi abomvu noma imivimbo.
• ICalceolaria acinifolia (iCalceolaria Crenatiflora). Ummeli omncane weChile ukhula aze afike ku-10 cm ukuphakama. Amagqabi amboze isembozo phansi, ahlanganisiwe emaphethelweni. Izimbali kufika ku-2,5 cm ubude, ziphuzi ezinamabala ansomi, zinezindebe ezimbili. Izimbali ngoJulayi, izimbali ezingashadile noma izikhwebu zingcezu ezi-2-5.

Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid zihlukaniswa ngemibala ehlukile.

ICalceolaria: ukutshala nokunakekela

Umuntu othanda umswakama ufuna ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, njengoba izimpande zayo zingabola. Inhlabathi kumele ibe lula futhi ixege ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukwakheka okuhle kungaba inhlanganisela ye:

• Peat;
• umhlaba wamashidi;
• i-humus eqondile;
• isihlabathi;
• izimpande ze-fern;
• umlotha wezinkuni;
• ochotshoziwe okhanyayo.

Isihlahla esincane sitshalwa yi-transshipment ngomonakalo omncane wezimpande emabhodweni amancane (hhayi ngaphezu kwamalitha ayi-1,2). Imbiza kufanele ibe nesendlalelo esihle sokudonsa amanzi. Intamo yezimpande akufanele iwele shí emhlabathini.

Ngemuva kokutshala, udinga ukudala izimo ezintofontofo zezimbali eziningi. Isisekelo sokunakekelwa kwe-calceolaria singukushisa okuphansi, umswakama ophezulu kanye nokunisela okuningi.

Izinga lokushisa aliphezulu ngaphezu kwama-23 ° C ehlobo futhi umehluko wokushisa nsuku zonke odingekayo ungama-7 degrees. Ebusika, ku-dormancy nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, izinga lokushisa elikhulu ngu-14-17 ° C.

Umswakama kufanele ube phezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu, kufanele kube ngaphezulu lapho okukhombisa umswakama. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo, imbiza ene-calceolaria kufanele ibekwe phezu kotreyi ngobumba olunwebekile olumanzi futhi ifafazwe izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku. Ukufafaza kufanele kube kusuka kufafaza elincane, njengoba amaconsi amanzi emaqabunga aholela ekuchitheni impahla.

Ukunisela kuyadingeka njalo, kepha hhayi kuningi. Inhlabathi esembizeni kufanele ibe manzi, kepha ingabi manzi futhi ngaphandle kokuqina kusiqubu sempande. Izinsalela ezigcwele uketshezi kufanele zisuswe ku-sump.

Isibani sikhanyile kepha siyachaphaza. Amafasitela asentshonalanga nasempumalanga anikeza ukukhanyiswa okuphezulu. Ebusika, ukukhanyisa kuyadingeka ukuze amahora wemini okungenani amahora angama-8.

Kusukela ekuvukeni nayo yonke inkathi yezimbali, i-calceolaria idinga ukondliwa njalo. Umanyolo wamaminerali usetshenziswa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngenyanga.

Ingxenye yokunakekelwa ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla. Amahlumela akamuva asuswa ukuze izimbali ziqine, futhi isihlahla asigudli eceleni.

Ukunciphisa amahlumela akamuva kwenza sikwazi ukuthola izimbali eziningi ngezimbali ezinkulu

Ukukhula

I-calceolaria kusuka enhlanyelweni ekhaya izala kalula ukwedlula ngokusikeka. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, udinga ukubheka ukuthi isikhathi kusuka esikhathini sokusakazeka kuya kwezimbali sisuka ezinyangeni ezi-5 kuye kweziyi-10.

Kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise njalo ukuthi inhlabathi inomswakama. Lapho kuvela irosette yamaqabunga, i-calceolaria idonsa izimbiza ezi-7 cm. Emva kwalokho, uzodinga okunye ukufakelwa kwe-2-4 ngokufaka isikhonkwane endaweni okukhishwa kuyo ukwakheka kwamahlumela asohlangothini kanye nokuqina kwesihlahla.

Ukufakwa kokugcina kuyadingeka kumhlabathi wezakhi. Izithombo zitshalwa nge-transshipment. Ukunakekela abasha kufanele kube ngokuphelele njengembali endala.

Tshala nini futhi kanjani i-calceolaria emhlabathini ovulekile

Entwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa ebusuku lingaphansi kune-13 futhi lingabi ngaphezu kwama-18 degrees, i-calceolaria ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile njengesitshalo sengadi. Uthatha izimpande emhlabathini ngaphambi kokufakwa kumanyolo.

Ukulinywa kwengadiya yaseCalceolaria kulungele izifunda eziwubala

Kuyo yonke inkathi yezimbali, izimo zokushisa zizofaka isandla enhlalakahleni imbali. Ukunisela akufanele kube kuningi.

Ukufaka umanyolo ngamanyolo wamaminerali kuyadingeka kuyo yonke inkathi yezimbali kabili ngenyanga. Ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya le-calceolaria elikhulwe kusuka ezinhlanyweni ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile akuhlukile ekutshaleni imbewu. Into esemqoka ukungavumeli imbewu ibole enhlabathini futhi inikeze ukukhanya okwanele.

ICalceolaria: ukunakekelwa kwasebusika

ICalceolaria imbali esivame ukukhula kakhulu ngonyaka, njengoba sifa ngemuva kokuqhakaza ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Uma kunesifiso sokushiya le exot enhle kakhulu ngonyaka olandelayo, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, udinga ukugaya i-calceolaria nokutshala ebhodweni.

Isihlahla esishwabeneyo sicashe izinyanga eziningana, ngalesi sikhathi ukunakekelwa kwe-calceolaria kungokulandelayo:

• kuyadingeka ukusika wonke amahlumela namaqabunga esitshalo;
• beka ibhodwe endaweni epholile futhi emnyama (+ 5-7 ° C);
• ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe kube okungenani, kepha ngaphandle kwengozi yokuwomisa umhlaba;

Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, ukunakekelwa okugcwele kuyabuyiselwa:

• imbiza ibekwe endaweni enelanga;
• ukuchelela iba njalo;
• umswakama ophakeme uyagcinwa.

Izinambuzane nezifo ezingaba khona

Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu emaqabungeni e-calceolaria ama-aphid nama-whiteflies. Uma isibalo sabantu abasenkingeni yamaqabunga esanda kuqalwa, kungcono ukuzisusa ngesandla. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu emaqabungeni, ukwelashwa nge-inteoticides akunakugwenywa.

Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya ukunakekelwa kwembali futhi uthole imbangela yezinambuzane, ukuze zingaphinde zivele ebuhleni bethenda futhi.

Ukunakekelwa okungekho emthethweni kuzoba nesandla ezifweni. Ukuswakama ngokweqile kanye nokunisela kuzobangela ukubola okungwevu. Ukuwedlula kwe-nitrogen kuthi kuyodala ukuvela kokubumba okungwevu.

Ithenda calceolaria ayilungele bonke abalimi. Akayena umdlandla, kepha uthanda ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa okufanele. Ngokushintshanisa, uveza isithandwa sakhe ngezimbali eziningi futhi ezithandekayo. Izimbali ezingajwayelekile zibukeka kahle emibhedeni yezimbali engadini noma emafasiteleni ezindlu. Abafokazi abahlekisayo - Abahlakuleli abanolwazi kangaka bazibiza ngegama izintandokazi zabo.