Isitshalo i-Vespernitsa Matrona (Hesperis matronalis) aka Hesperis, Night violet, Ubuhle be-Night busehlale izingadi zaseRussia isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-200. Lesi sitshalo esidala esingenakungabazeki siyisitshalo soju esihle kakhulu, saziswa kakhulu abalimi ngokuba nephunga labo lokungena. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, isambatho sakusihlwa esiphuzi sasisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, futhi manje simane nje sitshalelwe ubuhle.
Ubukeka kanjani umatron kusihlwa?
IHesperis iyi-herbaceous perennial yomndeni weCrcferous. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 zikhula kuma-vivo eYurophu, e-Asia, eSiberia naseCaucasus. Igama lembali Hesperis phakathi kwamaGrikhi lisho "kusihlwa." Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iphunga elingaqhathaniswa lesitshalo livame ukuqina ngemuva kokushona kwelanga.
Ukuqanqaza kwezimbali
Izinhlobo ze-Hesperis matronalis zitshalwa ikakhulukazi ezingadini. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ekuqaleni kwehlobo ngokuqondile, amahlumela aqhakaza abe ngu-0.5 - 1,2 m. Iqabunga lesihlahla sakusihlwa liyaphakama, lihlolwe, isiqu siqinile, sibubende obuncane.
Ngendlela inflorescence cylindrical, iphathi yakusihlwa ifana nolunye u-perennial odumile - i-phlox. Umehluko unqunywa inani lezinsimbi, ekubethelweni kwezine. I-Phlox imbali iqukethe amacembe amahlanu.
I-Hesperis iqhakaza incane (1.5-2 cm), kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali, isicaba noma eziphindwe kabili. Ngokwemvelo, iphalethi yephathi yakusihlwa emelelwa imithunzi yamhlophe, epinki, onsomi kanye ne-violet. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ama-hesperis akha ama-pods (5-6 cm) lapho imbewu ivuthwa.
Ukuze ubheke: abathandi bezimbali bafunda igama lesiLatini lephathi yakusihlwa ka-matron ngezindlela ezihlukile: i-hesperis noma i-hesperis. Ngisho nabathengisi bezimbali abanolwazi abazethembi ukuthi yiliphi igama elilungile.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ezithathwe ku-Hesperis matronalis
I-Vesper isitshalo esiqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kwezinye izimbali zasengadini. IHesperis imvamisa itshalwa ezindaweni lapho iphunga layo lokuthakatha lingajatshulelwa kahle. Kuzofanela ukuyibeka eceleni kwezindlela, ngewindi noma eduze kwe-gazebo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo ezihlobisa kakhulu:
- I-Hesperis sibirica noma isidlo sakusihlwa saseSiberia: isitshalo sasemuva saseSiberia sika-0.3-1,30 m ukuphakama, amahlumela namahlamvu amaqabunga ezinwele ezinama-coarse, ama-inflorescence apinki-onsomi, amhlophe aqhakaza izimbali aqala maphakathi nehlobo;
- IHesperis Tristis yiphathi yakusihlwa edabukisayo noma imnyama: isihlahla esihlangene esingu-0.25 - 0,60 m, esiboniswa umbala ongashisi wama-inflorescences - ekuqaleni kokuchithwa basebenza ngoshokolethi onsomi, kancane kancane bashintshe umbala babe umbala ophuzi. Ukuqhakaza ekuseni, kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya phakathi nehlobo.
Qaphela: Iphunga liba likhulu ngemuva kokushona kwelanga nangezinsuku ezinamafu. Ngokwesomiso, iphunga liyabonakala.
Izinhlobo ze-Hesperis matronalis zisetshenziselwa ukudala imibhede yezimbali enamakha:
- Lilacina Flore Pleno - lilac-pink;
- I-Albiflora - lilac, izinhlobo ezi-terry;
- I-Nana Candidissima - isitshalo esifinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama ngezimbali ezimnandi ezimhlophe;
- I-Purpurea Plena - I-Hesperis enezimbali eziphindwe kabili ze-hue ebubende.
- Malinovaya - inflorescence ezinkulu zombala obabayo, ihlathi lide, linamaqabunga aphansi asetshenziswa enkampanini yamakhambi omhlobiso;
- URodmoskovnye vechera - ama-inflorescence aqine aqinile apendwe ngombala opinki nomhlophe;
- Izimbali ezinkulu zikaLirika zayo yonke imibala ebonakala kwe-hesperis ziqoqiwe emabhulashini okuxekethile.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ze-terry zilungele ukusikwa. Ku-vase, bahlala izinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-12 futhi sonke lesi sikhathi bazijabulisa ngephunga elimnandi.
I-inflorescence ye-Evening Matron
Ukutshala imbewu
Isihlahla seminyaka emibili esivuthiwe sanele ukumane sibeke emhlabathini bese sisimboza ngamagatsha e-spruce noma ngezinto zokumboza. Entwasahlobo, ngaphansi kwesiphephelo, kunezithombo eziningi ezilungele ukufakelwa.
Kusukela maphakathi nentwasahlobo, ungatshala izimbali zakusihlwa ngendlela yezithombo:
- Imbewu etholiwe ihlwanyelwa esitsheni esingaxhunyiwe esigcwele ungqimba lwesithathu lwamanzi.
- Ingqimba evundile ibekwa ngaphezulu. Uma umhlaba wokuhlwanyelwa uthathwe engadini, kunconywa ukuwuthulula kusengaphambili nge-potanganum permanganate noma i-foundationazole ukugwema ukutheleleka kwembewu ngezifo zama fungal noma amagciwane.
- Imbewu isatshalaliswa phezu kwenhlabathi, ayingcwatshwa, ifafazwa nje kancane nge-substrate, emva kwalokho ithululelwe ngamanzi afudumele futhi ambozwe ifilimu.
Ngokushisa kwe-18 - 20 ° C, izithombo zokuqala zingabuna kumaviki amathathu.
Ukunakekela izithombo kuqukethe ekunikezeni izithombo ekunikezeni umquba ojwayelekile. Amahlumela amnene akanconywa ukuthi anganelwa, kepha afafazwe ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Khulula inhlabathi ezungeze izimpande ngomentshisi noma ngezinyo.
Ngokuvela kwamaqabunga ayi-3 kuya kwayi-4, izitshalo ezincane zingena ezitsheni ezihlukile, uma kunesidingo, ngenkathi ziqhubeka nokubheka umswakama wenhlabathi.
Ama-violets asemancane atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo ngasekupheleni kwehlobo - ekwindla yakuqala, nebanga elingama-30 - 40 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Kubalulekile! Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, izithombo zakha ukuqalwa kwama-rosette wezimbali, izimbali ezigcwele zenzeka ngasekupheleni kwehlobo konyaka olandelayo.
Yize lesi sitshalo singumbungu ongapheli ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, sitshalwa isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emi-2 ukuze sithole imbewu. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, ikhwalithi yembewu yokuzala kwezinhlobo iyawohloka.
Kubalulekile! Ukudla isidlo sasebusuku kudinga i-aeration yezimpande ngemuva kokunisela, uma kungekho ukuthambisa, izitshalo ezincane zingafa.
Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Izinhlobo nzalo ezihlukahlukene ngeke zikhule kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Izitshalo ezithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, enkulisa noma emibukisweni zisakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ama-veesper awathobeki futhi avumelana nezimo kalula ngohlelo lwempande olungakhuli kahle.
Ngokungafani nezimbali eziningi, ama-hesperis angamelana nokufakelwa komhlaba ovulekile ngaphandle kokususa ama-inflorescence. Kuliqiniso, lokhu, kufanele kuniselwe kaningi ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokutshala.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Isitshalo siyasebenza, asifuni ukunakekela. Kungcono ukutshala iphathi yakusihlwa ezindaweni ezinokhanyo kahle, ezimweni ezibucayi, ukushibilika kancane kungenzeka. Inhlabathi idinga kancane isihlabathi se-alkaline, ngesakhiwo, esilinganiselwe okulula.
Imbali iyisi-hygrophilous; esimweni sezulu esomile kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukuthambisa okwengeziwe. Ukugcotshwa kwamanzi kanye nokuvela okukhulu kwamanzi asemhlabeni akubekezeleli i-hesperis. Ngemuva kokunisela, indawo yezimpande kufanele ikhululwe.
Isitshalo sine-hardness yasebusika ephezulu, singabekezelela kalula ushintsho lokushisa, asidingi indawo yokukhosela. Esikhathini sobusika ikakhulukazi esineqhwa, ngokuncibilika kweqhwa isikhathi eside, le ngxenye engenhla ingashanela i-vytryat.
Umanyolo
Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, iphathi yakusihlwa ingondliwa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Akadingi ukondliwa njalo. Uma kwethulwa udaba lwe-organic, kubalulekile ukuthi ungayidli ngokweqile ukuze ungatholi umbhikisho oluhlaza ngaphandle kwezimbali.
Igatsha lebhasi kahle, ngakho-ke ukutshala kwephathi kusihlwa kuvame ukuqina. Ukuze ulondoloze ubude bezimbali nokuhlobisa, ama-inflorescence aqothulayo ayathenwa.
Kubalulekile! Le mbali ayinobuthi, kepha kubantu abaphethwe yi-allergy ingadala izimpawu ezingemnandi: ukulunywa, ukucasuka kwesikhumba nolwelwesi lwama-mucous, i-allergic rhinitis.
Izimbali zakusihlwa ebhlokweni lezimbali
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
IHesperis ithintwa kancane yizici zangaphandle.
Kukholelwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo singase sihlushwa yizifo ezifakiwe zezilimo ezibethelwayo. Eqinisweni, iqembu lingalimala engxenyeni engezansi yama-flegi we-slug noma wokubethelwa. Futhi labo nabanye abathandi umlotha, amabafula awakubekezeleli umswakama.
Kubalulekile! Uma imifino ikhule ecebeni, khona-ke izinambuzane cishe zizobe zikhetha isithombo nekhabishi ephathini yakusihlwa.
Njengazo zonke izitshalo zasengadini, iphathi ingathintwa izifo zokukhunta kanye namagciwane. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izifo kanye nezinambuzane zibonakala zingahambisani nobuchwepheshe bezolimo nezindlela zokuvimbela esizeni.
Kukholelwa ukuthi iphathi imbali ebaluleke kakhulu njengomngane weminduze nezimbali. Ifu elimhlophe elimnandi elimnandi, i-lilac noma ipinki lizothunga ubuhle bawo obucebile futhi ligcwalise ingadi yasekhaya ngephunga ebusuku lephunga. Okokuqala abathandi bezimbali, ungazama ukutshala lesi sitshalo esizeni ukumangaza izihlobo nabangane.
