IGaylardia umuthi ongapheli, ovame ukuvuthwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Izimbali eziqhakazile, ezibomvu noma ze-gaillardia zingumhlobiso wensimu. Kuyancipha ezimweni ezikhulayo, kusinda kahle emhlabathini, akuvami ukugula. Lesi sitshalo esifanele abalimi abangamavila.
Incazelo yeBotanical
Ku-genus Gaylardia (umndeni wakwa-Astrov), kunezinhlobo ezingama-28 zezitshalo, phakathi kwazo kutholakala utshani nezihlahla ezinhlamvu minyaka yonke. Indawo okuzalwa kuyo imbali yiMelika.
IGaylardiya hybrid
Ezinhlotsheni ezingapheli kakhulu, isiqu sifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-1. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, omude, izimbali zombala oxubile. Enye ingxenye yezimbambo ibomvu (ipinki emnyama), kanti eyesibili iphuzi. Kulokhu, ukulandelana kokushintshana kwephethini kuncike ohlotsheni. Imiphetho yamaphalishi ifakwe serared, umnyombo wale mbali maroon, kepha wona kanye umhlobiso wawo uluhlaza. Ama-petals ahlelwe ngemigqa emi-2. Impande iyakhuphuka, isiqu sibubende.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngaphandle, imbali i-Gaylardia ifana kakhulu nezinhlobo ezitshaliwe ze-chamomile, kepha imvamisa ayifinyeleli ekuphakameni okuyisimilo salembali.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gaillardia yonyaka kanye neyonyaka: ezixubile nabanye
Ngokubukeka okunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-hybrid, izinhlobo zonyaka nonyaka phakathi kwazo, ziyafana kakhulu. Kepha izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-7-16 zeGailardia zisetshenziswa ziyathandwa, okwenza lula umsebenzi womlimi wokuqala. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyi-gaillardia izinhlobo i-Lorenziana, izinhlobo ze-gaillardia ezinkulu ezinamanzi amakhulu, i-Gaillaria lorenziana, izinhlobo ze-goblin, i-Arizona San, i-Sunlight, shades, i-amber.
I-Hybrid gaillardia (Gaillardia hybrida)
Amadlozi alezi zinhlobo yi-gaylardia yasendle eseNyakatho Melika. Sikhula njengesitshalo semibala emibili seminyaka emibili, kepha ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza futhi siqhakaze iminyaka emi-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala. Amahlumela afinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1,2, kahle futhi anezimpande ezijulile. Izimbali ze-Gailardia hybrida zibomvu ophuzi obomvu, isiqu namaqabunga ziba yi-pubescent. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJulayi bese iqhakaza kuze kuba yi-friji yokuqala kaSeptemba.
Umuhle Gaillardia (Gaillardia pulchella)
Elinye igama - "iKrasava", lingonyaka wamaphakathi ophakathi, isiqu sawo sifinyelela ekuphakameni okungu-40 kuye ku-60 cm, sinzima, simbozwe imicibisholo ecishe ingabonakali. Ubude bamaqabunga buyi-10 cm cm. Izimbali zeGailardia zipendwe kahle ngemibala ye-lilac, ephuzi futhi emnyama ye-bard, ingaba lula, i-terry noma i-semi-kabili. Iqhakaza kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba.
I-Lanceolate noma i-Blunt (Gaillardia lanceolata)
I-lancerous gaillardia isihlahla esincane, esingaba ngu-50 cm ukuphakama. Iziqu ziqonde, amaqabunga ayagqabhuka, aluhlaza okhanyayo ngothuli olimpunga. Ama-Peduncle engxenyeni yawo engenhla embozwe ngenani elikhulu lama-fluffs. Umbala wamaphalishi ungahluka, kukhona izihlahla zalokhu okuhlukahlukene ezinezimbali eziphuzi, ezibomvu-ziphuzi, ezibomvu nangolintshi.
IGaylardia Arizona Red Shades
Ubusika obuqinile, bukhuthazela ukushisa kwehlobo ehlobo impela. Ukuphakama kwe-Arizona gaillardia kungamaphesenti angama-30 ukuya kweli-35. Izimbali zinkulu (12 cm) terracotta red, amaqabunga aluhlaza. Iqhakaza ngoJuni futhi ayeki ukuqhakaza kuze kube uSepthemba.
Kubalulekile! Le nhlobonhlobo yeGaillardia yonyaka ingaba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu we-sill wasempumalanga noma i-balcony evulekile.
Tshala ehlobo
UGaillardia spinosa
IGuillardia spinosa - yenzeka njalo, ifinyelela kumamitha angama-0.75 ukuphakama ngamahlumela aqondile agoba engxenyeni engezansi. Amacembe ayakhuphuka, ama-pubescent, imiphetho yawo iqinile noma i-serated, ipuleti leqabunga ngokwalo lanceolate noma i-oval. Ububanzi bezimbali ze-acanthus perennial gaillardia bungama-10-12 cm. Izimbali ezimaphakathi zingama-tubular, imvamisa kakhulu ziphuzi, kepha kukhona obomvu, obomvu-ophuzi, obomvu obomvu neminye imithunzi.
IGaylardia Burgundy
Isihlahla esivuthayo seGaillardia burgundi sidinga ukuxhaswa. Iziqu ziqonde, zishiya ziluhlaza obude obumnyama, zibushelelezi. Izimbali ezinkulu -12-14 cm ubukhulu, amacembe anombala wewayini elibomvu okhanyayo. Iqhakaza ngoJuni-Julayi.
Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba nasekuhlanganeni neminye imibala
IGailardia, ukutshala nokunakekela isikhathi eside okuchazwa ngezansi, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Isitshalo sibukeka kahle sizungezwe ama-daisies amhlophe, ama-aster nezinye izimbali zasengadini. Amahlathi ahlanganisiwe, awukhuli futhi awaphazamisi nezinye izitshalo engadini.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-gaillardia zibukeka njengezimbali zasendle kunezimbali ezitshaliwe, ngakho-ke zingatshalwa eduze kwezitshalo ezinjalo:
- ama-cornflower;
- izinsimbi;
- ama-marigolds;
- ama-aconites;
- delphiniums;
- amakhambi angaqhakaza;
- izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwe-sunflower.
Amabheshi angatshalwa emabhasikidi e-wicker, abiyelwe ngocingo oluyinkimbinkimbi, abekwe emabhokisini enkuni. Izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zingatshalwa emibhedeni yezimbali (ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-kayold Gaillardia) nasezintabeni zamagquma.
Umakhelwane nezinye izitshalo
Ukulungiselela i-gailardia yaphakade yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukufakwa nokutshala i-gaillardia entsha yabantu abadala endaweni evulekile kwenziwa entwasahlobo - cishe ngo-Ephreli, noma ekwindla - ekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Lapho ukhula i-gaillardia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, lapho uyitshala kusuka ebhodweni ungena enhlabathini, unganquma inani lamaqabunga. Amathathu noma amane anele ukuthi isitshalo siqashelwe njengokusebenza futhi silungele ukuguqulwa kwesimo.
Izithombo zitshalwe emhlabathini kusuka ezimbizeni ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Entwasahlobo kungcono ukungakwenzi. Indawo ebanjwayo ihlanzwa ukhula, imbiwe futhi ivundiswe ngenhlanganisela yomanyolo.
Ecebeni lomanyolo, indawo eyi-1 sikwele. ukuhamba:
- 1 ibhakede lomquba;
- idlanzana le-superphosphate;
- Izandla ezi-2 zomlotha wezinkuni obunjiwe.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi nje kokutshala, i-gaillardia ayisavunyelwa futhi iniselwe. Kepha ukuze ususe ngokuphephile isitshalo esitsheni lapho sitholakala khona, siniselwa kakhulu futhi sithululelwe ngisho nangamanzi.
Ungayitshala kanjani le mbali enhle
IGailardia itshalwa emhlabathini ekuseni noma kusihlwa ngemuva kokushona kwelanga. Inqubo
- Umgodi wenziwa emhlabathini, ngokujula okungamasentimitha angama-30- 40. Ukujula kuya ngesayizi wohlelo lwezimpande, uma kunezimpande ezimbalwa, khona-ke umgodi ungaba mncane.
- Gcwalisa umgodi ngamanzi.
- Gcoba.
- Linda kuze kube yilapho amanzi egxilile.
- Etshalwe maphakathi nomgodi ngaphambili enkabeni yesitshalo ngaphambili esikhishwe ebhodweni.
- Lala ngomhlaba.
Kubalulekile! Uma isihlahla siqhuma, khona-ke izikhonkwane eziningana zingabanjiswa eduze nesitshalo esinamathele kuzo. Lokhu kuzosindisa i-gaillardia ekulimaleni ngesikhathi somoya nemvula.
Umswakama owedlulele - kunciphisa inani lama-peduncle
Ukukhula kokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini
Imbewu yeGailardia ivunwa ngemuva kokuba isitshalo sesiqothule ngokuphelele futhi somile kancane. Ama-buds owomile asikwa ngokucophelela ngesikele futhi afakwa esikhwameni selineni. Uboshwe, kepha hhayi elangeni eliqondile, futhi ushiywe kulesi sikhundla amasonto ama-1-2. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbewu kufanele isomiswe, ivuthwe futhi isuswe emabhokisini ayibambe ihlumela.
Imbewu itshalwe emabhokisini ngoFebhuwari nangoMashi. Ukutshala okuqondile emhlabathini kwenziwa ekwindla sekwephuzile, kepha ngaphambi kwamaqhwa amakhulu noma entwasahlobo - ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - Meyi, lapho nje izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphezu kwama-degrees ayi-15. Isikhathi sokufika sincike ezimweni zezulu esifundeni esithile. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi ivundiswa ngaphambi kwesihlabathi nangomlotha wokhuni.
IGailardia ihlwanyelwa ngemisele emide ejulile nge-chopper noma emigodini. Amahlumela wokuqala kufanele avele ngaphambi kwamaviki ayi-1.5-2. Ngemuva kokudilizwa, imithombo inganiselwa, kodwa ngokucophelela, ngokunakekela ukuthi amanzi awahlambi imbewu emhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Ibanga phakathi kwemithombo enezithombo noma imbewu uqobo lwayo kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-35 cm, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyodingeka ubhekane nokuncipha kanye nokufakelwa kwezitshalo ezisencane.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Izitshalo ezingama-Woody zikhiqiza kabusha ngezindlela eziningi:
- ukwahlukanisa isihlahla;
- ukusika;
- ukuhlelwa;
- inzalo yezimpande;
- kugonywe.
IGailardia isatshalaliswa ngokukhethekile ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla noma ukhula lwenhlamvu.
Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla
Indlela elula yokusabalalisa i-gaillardia, ihlukanisa isihlahla esidala emahlahleni amancane ambalwa. Lokhu kuvumela hhayi ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuvuselela amadala. Isihlahla esisodwa esisezingeni eliphakathi ingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu. Umgcini wegadi owenze lokhu ekwindla uzothola ukhule ngokugcwele, ulungele ukuqhakaza izimbali entwasahlobo.
Ungasakaza ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla entwasahlobo, kepha kulokhu, lesi sitshalo esibuyekeziwe kanye nezihlahla ezincane kungenzeka siqhume. Ngale ndlela yokukhiqiza kabusha, into esemqoka hhayi ukulimaza izimpande futhi kugcinwe inani labo lanele ukukhula okugcwele kwembali. Ngemuva kokutshala enhlabathini, izitshalo ezincane ziniselwa kakhulu.
Izimbumbulu
Entwasahlobo (Mashi-Ephreli) kusikwa izingqimba ezinobude obuyi-5-10 cm. Ukuze kususwe izingcezu, zizibeka engilazini yamanzi usuku olu-1, emva kwalokho zizitshele ebhodweni elinomhlabathi ovundile noma ebhokisini. Le akuyona indlela elula nethembekile yokuthola izithombo ezisencane, ngoba akukho ngaphezu kwesigamu sazo zonke izinhlamvu ezitshalwe emhlabathini zinezimpande.
Inhlabathi yezitshalo
IGailardia ikhula kahle kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi okhanyayo, kepha ayizibekezeleli inhlabathi ezinama-acid. Uma umhlaba unama-acid amaningi, lesi sitshalo sakhiwe kahle, asiqhakaze, cishe akunakwenzeka ukusabalalisa nezimpande. Futhi, imbali ayithandi inhlabathi enomswakama ngokweqile, ngakho-ke izihlahla zitshalwa kude nalezo zitshalo ezithanda umswakama futhi zidinga ukuthambisa kaningi.
Noma yimuphi umhlabathi kufanelekile, kepha kungcono ukuthatha umhlaba wokutshala usuka ehlathini noma uthele inhlabathi encane emnyama emgodini.
Ukukhetha isiza
IGailardia itshalwe ezindaweni ezinamanzi angenalo ukhula. Ukukhanya kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo, lapho usufezile ongathembela ukuqhakaza kwezimbali nokukhula okuningi. Amahlathi akufanele aqashelwe ezinye izitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho iGaillaria, ukutshala nokunakekela okufanele kwenziwe kahle, kuzokufa.
Okuhle kunakho konke, i-gaillardia, imbali yayo engasetshenziselwa ukwakha isimbali esihle, izwakala emagqumeni. Uma kungekho ithuba lokutshala esivalweni, khona-ke kubekwa imbobo umgodi ngamunye ngaphambi kokutshala imbali lapho. Lokhu kuzovikela lesi sitshalo emiphumeleni emibi yokuswakama okukhulu.
Ukunisela imvamisa nezidingo zamakhwalithi amanzi
Izitshalo ezincane zivame ukuniselwa - ngisho nesikhathi esingu-1 ngosuku, uma ihlobo selomile. Cishe amalitha amanzi ayi-1.5-2 athululelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa. Kugcwala kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga. Amanzi athathwa emgqonyeni, lapho kufanele ashiywe khona ukuze ame izinsuku ezingama-1-2. Amanzi ompompi obandayo agwenywa kangcono. Amanzi emvula nawo afanelekile ukuchelela.
Kubalulekile! Thela ngqo emgodini ngaphansi kwempande. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-mug noma imbiza ejwayelekile, kungcono ukungasebenzisi umgodi wokunisela, ngoba amanzi akufanele awele emacembe.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, yonke ingxenye yesitshalo inqunywe empandeni, ishiya amakholomu angabi ngaphezu kwama-3-5 cm.I-Pruning isiza ukunweba impilo yesihlahla, ngemuva kwalokho ukuqhuma kwe-gailardia kuqhume kakhulu, izihluma ezivele ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kwenqubo zikhulu ububanzi, ziqhakaze, njengayo yonke isihlahla sisonke.
IGaylardiya ibekezelela kahle ubusika. Kepha ama-perennials asencane ngaphambi kokubanda kakhulu kudingeka ukuthi ambozwe nge-coniferous paws, brashi, peat, hay noma utshani, izinto zokumboza ezingezona ezilukiwe ezingaligcina izinga lokushisa lomoya elidingekayo kulesi simila.
Izifo Nezinambuzane Zonyaka weGaillardia
IGaylardia imvamisa iyagula. Ukunakekelwa okungafanelekile kufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo kanye nokuvela kwezinambuzane - ukutshala emthunzini, ukuchelela okuningi futhi kungazelelwe. Okubi kunakho konke ukuthi izitshalo ezisehlobo futhi lina ebandayo.
I-Whitefly
Ngokuvamile, i-gaillardia kufanele ilashelwe lezi zifo:
- Ukubola okumpunga. Amaqabunga aphansi abe mnyama, ahlanganiswe abe yishubhu bese omile. Uma lolu phawu olungathandeki lwesifo lushiywe lunganakekelwa, khona-ke ingxenye engenhla yesihlahla namahlumela kulindelwe ngokufanayo. Ekugcineni, i-gaillardia izokufa. Ama-insecticides asetshenziselwa ukulwa ne-grey bola. Izingxenye ezilimele zezitshalo zisuswa njalo.
- Ukugqwala okumhlophe. Uphawu oluphambili lwalesi sifo ukuhlangana okumhlophe emaqabunga. Ingavela ezinhlangothini zombili ekuqaleni ngesimo sendawo encane, kepha kancane kancane isabalale kulo lonke lelo phepha, ishintshe umbala ube nsundu. Ekuqaleni kubukeka njengobumba, kepha njengoba lesi sifo sisabalala, isikhunta sithatha uhlobo loboya bekotini.
- I-Powdery Mildew Amaqabunga ambozwe nge-plaque emhlophe efana nofulawa. Isizathu sokukhula kwalesi sifo ukuchelela kaningi kanye nokuba khona kwenamba enkulu yokhula esizeni.
Balwa nezifo ngokufafaza izimbali ngama-fungicides anjengeTopaz. "Strobi", "Maxim". Abalimi abanolwazi baphinde bancome ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti emvelo ahlukahlukene, njenge- "Abiga Peak", "Alirin B".
Ama-aphid
Izitshalo ezibuthakathaka zivame ukuthintwa ama-aphid kanye namhlophe. Isixazululo seNettle sisiza ukubhekana nama-aphid; izitshalo ezithelelekile ziyafafazwa nazo cishe izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto. Ama-Whiteflies asiza ukususa i-Tanrek noma i-Fitoferm.
IGaylardia iyisitshalo esihle sezimbali, kwesinye isikhathi itholakala emizini yabantu nasemgwaqweni. Ikhula ngokushesha, isakazeka kahle, kufaka phakathi imbewu, futhi ijabulisa ngokuqhakaza okude futhi okuningi kusuka ngoJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Uma i-gaillardia inakekelwa kahle, khona-ke cishe ayiguli, futhi ama-fungicides ayoyivikela ngokuthembekile kuma-aphid nakwezinye izinambuzane. Ukuqhakaza gailardia - umhlobiso wanoma iyiphi ingadi.
