Izitshalo eziningi zasendle namuhla zikhulile ngempumelelo ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwe-suburban. Ezinye zazo ziba umhlobiso omuhle wensimu, kuyilapho ezinye zitshalwa ukuze zikhiqize izithelo ezihlwabusayo nezempilo. Lezi zinsuku kufanele zifakwe, futhi zifake zonke izinhlobo zazo eziningi. Amajikijolo ahlanzekile yalesi sitshalo afanele ukupheka ama-compotes, amakhemikhali, amakhemikhali kanye nezinye izitsha eziningi okumnandi. Kulesi sihloko sizobe sibheke uhlobo lwe-cherry plum ebizwa nge-Kuban comet, enchazweni lapho kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo.
Indaba yokukhishwa kwe-cherry plum Kuban comet
Ngokushesha nje (noma ngaphezulu, kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 yekhulu lokugcina) iplamu yayiyisitshalo esikhulayo futhi satholakala ikakhulu eCrimea, eCaucasus naseCentral Asia. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ababelethi beqile baqala ukukhiqiza izinhlobo zayo ezintsha.
Ama-specimens okuqala awazange ahluke kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo zasendle, kodwa noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi esifushane isitshalo sathola ukuthandwa kakhulu. Uthando olunjalo lwayo yonke indawo lwe-cherry plum luchazwa ngokunakekelwa kwalo ngokunganaki futhi isivuno esiphezulu: unyaka emva kokutshala uzothola amajikijolo okuqala, futhi emva kwezintathu uzothola isivuno esizinzile (kufika ku-40 kg wezithelo esihlahleni esisodwa). 
Ngenxa yemizamo yabalimi abafanayo, ngo-1987, uhlobo lwe-cherry plum, olubizwa ngokuthi i-Kuban comet, lwafakwa kwiRejista Yombuso yezindawo eziPhakathi, eNizzhnevolzhsky, eNyakatho-ntshonalanga naseNyakatho yeCaucasia. Kulesi simo, amajikijolo amahle futhi amancane atholakala ngokuwela i-plum yaseShayina skoroplodnaya ne-cherry plum Pioneer.
Uyazi? I-Kuban comet - i-hybrid engaphansi, eyengxenye yeqembu "i-Russian plum".
Incazelo kanye nezici ze-plum Kuban comet
I-Cherry plum I-Kuban comet ayihluke kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo zezidingo zayo zokutshala nokunakekelwa, kodwa ngaphambi kokukhetha lesi sitshalo, kufanele wazi kahle incazelo yayo. Okokuqala, ngumuthi okhula kancane (ufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-3), okuyinto, ngenxa yamagatsha amancane, awakwazi ukuziqhayisa umqhele oqhakazile. Okwesibili, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyiziko ezizimele, futhi ukufakwa kwezimbali ezincane zezimbali kungahle kwenzeke nangokwanda konyaka.
Izimbali Kuban comet - usayizi ophakathi nosayizi obomvu. Ama-Sepals afanelana nezimpondo, futhi i-pedicle ihluke ngobude nobubanzi obuphakathi. Izimbali ezimbili zivela ehlathini elilodwa. Amaqabunga e-cherry plum enjalo agcwele okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enesibhakabhaka, ebanzi. Emaphethelweni weqabunga leqabunga ukukhathazeka okuncane kubonakala. Amahlumela amaGrey - ahlelwe ngokugcwele futhi ahlukaniswe ubukhulu obuphakathi. 
Kubalulekile! Naphezu ubude obuncane be-stem, ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile namajikijolo, ukuze ngisho nezithelo ezingaphezu kwamandla angeke zinyanyeke.Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobonhlobo kukhona amajikijolo amakhulu, amaqanda awakhiwe ngamaqanda, ane-suture ebuthakathaka futhi i-wax encane. Isikhumba sesithelo esibomvu-burgundy sincane kakhulu, nakuba singathathi amandla. Inyama iluphuzi embala, nge-medium mass kanye juiciness. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibaluleka ngokuphakama kwayo okukhulu: izithelo zinama-asidi amancane, kodwa kuwo wonke amnandi kakhulu (inyama iyahlukaniswa nelitshe kuphela).
Ngokuba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeKuban, isivuno esikhulu sivamile, kodwa ukujwayela ukuthola inqwaba yezithelo kuxhomeke ekuhlanganyeleni kwesihlahla. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona amajikijolo amaningi emagatsheni, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lokhu kuzoholela ekugaya. Ukhula oluningi lwalolu hlobo lwe-cherry plum luqala ngonyaka wesibili ngemva kokutshala (izithelo zokuvuthwa kwenzeka ekupheleni kukaJulayi). Ukuvuna kuqala ngokushesha, ngokushesha nje lapho isikhumba samajikijolo siba bomvu. Izithelo eziqoqiwe zingagcinwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezingu-25.
I-Alycha Kuban comet ingakumnandi nge-hardiness ebusika obuphezulu kanye nokukwazi ukujwayela ukujwayela kwemvelo, okwenza kube inketho enhle kakhulu endaweni ephakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokulimala lezi zinhlobonhlobo, ngeke uhlangane nenani elikhulu lezilokazane nezifo ezivame ukutshala, nakuba imvula ende, iplamu ishintshwe izithelo zokubola. 
Ukuze ugweme ukukhathazeka okunjalo, kubalulekile ukusika umqhele ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze uhlale ubhekile futhi uphume kahle. Indlela enamandla yokulima i-cherry plum izokuvumela ukuba wenze ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali ekunakekeleni kwakhe.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
I-Alycha Kuban comet inenzuzo eningi, cishe eyaziwa kubo bonke abalimi abathintekayo ekutshalweni kwayo. Ngakho Amandla ezinhlobonhlobo afaka:
- isivuno esiphakeme nesisimeme;
- amathuba okuthola amajikijolo amakhulu nokukhangayo;
- izinga eliphezulu lokumelana nesithwathwa;
- ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwezithelo ezithe xaxa emagatsheni (aziwa isikhathi eside);
- ukuhamba kahle okuhle;
- ubuqotho bezithelo kanye nezinga eliphansi lokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Imithetho yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Uma unquma ukutshala i-Kuban comet kusayithi lakho, khona-ke inqubo kumele iqale ngokuthenga imbewu enhle engakwazi ukuhlala ngokushesha kusayithi lakho.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhetha umuthi omncane we-alycha Kuban comet, kuyadingeka ukuthi unikeze izintandokazi ezinkampanini ngesistimu yezimpande ezivaliwe.Izinkomba eziyinhloko zokwakha izitshalo zihlanganisa:
- ukuphakama kwesithombo kungaphansi kwe-1-1.2 m;
- ukutholakala kwezimpande ezincane ezincane zesimiso sempande nokuhlanganiswa kwayo okuhle;
- izinso ezivuvuka;
- ukungabi khona kwanoma yikuphi ukulimala komshini emagqumeni e-trunk namagatsha esitshalo (futhi kuzo akufanele kube khona izilonda kanye nezinambuzane zezinambuzane);
- ukumanzi okumanzi, okuphuzi okwesibhakabhaka.
Uma uthengela izithombo endaweni yokubeletha okhethekile, qiniseka ukuthi unake iziqu zazo - kumele zibe ngisho namagatsha aphilile. 
Ukukhethwa kwesikhathi kanye nokukhethwa kwendawo
I-Kuban comet ingahlwanyelwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kepha ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasendaweni ephakathi kungcono ukutshala izitshalo ezincane entwasahlobo.
Uma ukhetha indawo yokukhula kwesihlahla, qaphela izingxenye eziseningizimu nezintaba zendawo. Ukutshala izithombo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo endaweni enomthunzi ngeke kusize ukuthola izithelo ezinkulu futhi ezihlwabusayo, futhi uma kunezikhwama nemimoya, akufanele ulindele ukuvunwa okuningi. I-Kuban comet iqala kahle uma ifika eduze nezakhiwo noma izicabha eziphakeme, lapho ohlangothini olulodwa luhlanganiswa nodonga oluqinile.
Awuyithandi ipulazi ye-cherry nobumba noma inhlabathi e-loamy, futhi ikhetho elifanele kunazo zonke ukuhlala emhlabathini onesihlabathi futhi ovundiwe nge-acidity neutral. Kubalulekile ukunaka izinga lemvelo engaphansi komhlaba, akufanele kudlule imitha eli-1.
Ngelinye igama, ukuze uphumelele ekuhlakuleleni ezihlukahlukene ze-Kuban comet, lungiselela indawo kusengaphambili endaweni enokukhanya futhi enokuthula enezansi ezijulile ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokufika
Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala, kusalokhu kuthatha isinqumo sokutshala iplamu. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukulungisa umgodi wokutshala, oguzwa ngaphandle kwamasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala ngqo kwesitshalo (ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo). Ubukhulu bomgodi akumele bube ngaphansi kuka-80x80x80 cm, futhi uma uhlela ukutshala izitshalo eziningana, kufanele u-3-3.5 m kufanele ushiywe phakathi komakhelwane (indawo yokunikezwa kwamandla yomuthi owodwa cishe ngo-9 m²).
Izitshalo zifakwe ekwenzeni i-recess. Ngentwasahlobo, inhlabathi ebanjwe emgodini ingaxubene nengxenye ibhakede lama-humus (uma kungenzeka, ihhashi elingcono), i-superphosphate (250 g) ne-potassium sulphide (40-50 g). Uma kunesidingo, ungakwazi ukwengeza isixazululo se-lime noma umlotha ukuze "ukhuculise" umhlaba. Kodwa okungeke kusetshenziswe ama-fertilizer aqukethe i-nitrogen kanye nama-humus amasha. Ingxube eqediwe iphinde ithululelwe emgodini engxenyeni yokujula kwayo, okwenza uhlobo lwensimu lapho izithombo zizofakwa khona.
Kubalulekile! Uma umgodi wokutshala ama-plums we-cherry ulungiselelwe ekwindla, ngakho-ke njengomanyolo kungcono ukusebenzisa umquba omusha noma ama-humus, osele emhlabathini ebusika.
Inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokutshala ama-cherry plum izithombo
Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zeKuban comet zingcono kakhulu zibekwa ngumbumbi lobumba ngehora elilodwa noma ziphathwa nge-stimulator yezimpande. Emva kwalokho, inani elincane lomhlaba kufanele lisetshenziswe phansi emgodini olungiselelwe ngaphambili futhi kufanele kukhishwe intaba. Zonke izenzo ezengeziwe zenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Umgogodla uphonswa emgodini kanti imbewu iyanciphisa ukujula kangangokuthi i-collar yezimpande izophakama ngamasentimitha ayisithupha ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi.
- Khona-ke umuthi omncane kufanele uhlanganiswe nomhlaba futhi uqede ngokucophelela izithombo.
- Khona-ke, ngosizo lwendophi eqinile, iplamu iboshwe kukhonkwane elikhonjiwe ekuqaleni.
- Emkhatsini we-sapling, ebangeni elingama-40 cm, kuyadingeka ukwakha imbobo encane, okuzodinga ukuthi uthele ama-2-3 amabhakede amanzi.
- Uma amanzi esenele ngokugcwele, kungenzeka ukugaya umgodi ngezinkuni zezinkuni.
Kubalulekile! Ukuxubungula kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sokunakekelwa kwe-cherry plum, ngoba ngenxa yobuningi bomunyu emanzini omhlabathi kugcinwa futhi isitshalo ngeke sibhekane nesomiso.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwesikhashana nge-cherry plum Kuban comet
Ukuze kutholakale izihlahla ezivuthiwe zomuthi, ukutshala okufanelekile akuvumelekile. Isici sesibili esibalulekile sokulima okuphumelelayo ukukhathalela, okuhlinzekela ukuhambisana nezidingo ezithile.
Ipulen plum
I-Kuban comet iyingxenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezizimele, okusho ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ze-cherry plum zidinga ukutshala esakhiweni ukuze zithuthukise i-fruiting. Ama-pollinator afanele kunazo zonke ama-cherry plum Kuban comet angafakwa kuMaru, Pramen, Seyanets, Pchelnikovskuyu, Traveler no-Present St. Petersburg. Kuzosiza futhi ukutshala izinhlamvu ze-plum zesi-Chinese i-Orlovsky isikhumbuzo, i-Red Ball noma i-Skoroplodnaya eceleni kwe-cherry plum.
Ukuphuza nokuhlanganisa umhlabathi
I-plum tree yomuntu omdala igqugquzelwa kathathu ngenkathi ngayinye: ngoJuni, ngoJulayi noSeptemba, ithululela 3-4 amabhakede amanzi ngesikhathi esisodwa isihlahla ngesikhathi (abanye abalimi batusa ukuchelela izikhathi 3-4 ngenyanga). Izithombo ezincane kuzodingeka ziphuze kaningi njengoba inhlabathi iyoma.
Ukuntuleka komswakama emhlabathini ngokuvamile kubangele ukunciphisa isivuno, okubaluleke ikakhulukazi kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi. Ngo-Agasti, ukuchelela kupheliswe ngokuphelele, ngoba umswakama owedlulele uholela ekubunjweni okusheshayo kwamahlumela amancane, okuyinto lapho iqhwa leqhwa lizoshisa ngokushesha.
Umanyolo
Uma i-humus, i-superphosphate ne-potassium sulphide sezivele sezifakelwe emgodini wokutshala lapho kutholakala ipulazi le-cherry, ingabe ukondla okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi konyaka owodwa ngaphambi kokuvuna komuthi (entwasahlobo). Kusukela ngonyaka wesibili, i-Kuban comet isondliwa izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngezikhathi ezithile:
- entwasahlobo, ingxube eyinkimbinkimbi ne-nitrogen (50 g / m²) ifakwa enhlabathini;
- ngemuva komswakama - i-potash-phosphorus (40 g / m²);
- emva kwe-fruiting, i-potassium sulphate; ngaphambi kokubusika, umhlabathi osondelene nevili wesondo uhlanganiswe ne-compost noma i-humus (amabhakede ama-0.5 ngehora elingu-1 m²).
Uyazi? Ngezinye izikhathi i-cherry plum ibizwa ngokungeyona ngokuthi iMirbelle, kodwa empeleni iMirbelle uhlobo oluthile lweplamu, lapho izithelo ziyingcosana, nxazonke futhi, ngokungafani ne-cherry plum, azibonakaliswa ukunambitheka okukhulu.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Amahlumela amancane e-cherry plum I-Kuban comet ikhula ngokushesha, futhi kuphela ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila lapho ubude bokukhula buyancipha kancane. Kwakuyilo sikhathi lapho umqhele womuthi uthola ukujwayela okwenziwe yizo ezihlukahlukene - kuba uhlangothi oluhle, ngezinye izikhathi ufinyelela kumamitha angu-5 ububanzi (ekuphakameni kwesitshalo se-3 m).
Ukuze uvimbele ukuqina okukhulu ngokweqile, iminyaka emithathu abalimi benza i-cherry plum ukwakheka. Uma wenza le nqubo, kusele kuphela amagatsha omzimba omzimba oqinile, futhi zonke ezinye izinto ezicuthekayo zifinyeziwe noma zigaceke, ngakho-ke zinciphisa umqhele. Ifomu elidume kakhulu le-cherry plum libhekwa lingenasici futhi lifakwe indebe.
Isihlahla esikhulu se-cherry plum senziwa entwasahlobo. Lapho kufika ukushisa, wonke amagatsha aqhwale futhi abonakalisiwe asuswa futhi ukwakhiwa komqhele kwenziwa. Ehlobo ehlobo, abalimi basika amagatsha kuphela uma kunesidingo, uma udinga ukususa amagatsha omisiwe namahlumela amancane akhula ngaphakathi komqhele. Futhi ehlobo unganciphisa amagatsha amakhulu kakhulu.
Lapho kufika ekwindla, isikhathi sifike ukusika iziqu ze-Kuban comet: ukususwa kwamagatsha amaningi futhi ahla. Zonke amahlumela abomile futhi anesifo afakwe ngokuphelele futhi ashiswa.
Kubalulekile! Kudingeka amapulazi ngonyaka, kanti entwasahlobo, nasehlobo (uma kunesidingo), futhi ekwindla, ukwelapha izindawo zokusika ezinezitshalo zensimu.
Ukuvikeleka ngokumelene nezifo nezinambuzane
I-Kuban comet ihlukaniswe ngokumelana nokumelana nokuhlaselwa kwezilokazane nezifo.Nokho, ezinye zazo ziyingxenye yakhe. Ngokuvamile, ingozi iboniswa izihlahla zezithelo ezikhulayo eduze, ngoba uma uphula izidingo zokunakekelwa nokulima kwezitshalo zezolimo, izinambuzane eziyingozi nezinambuzane nazo zingadlulela ku-cherry plums.
Izifo zeplamu zifana ne-plum, futhi okuyinhloko kukhona indawo enombala obomvu nokugqwala emaqabunga. Zombili lezi zifo zibangelwa ukuma futhi amaqabunga awe. Ukuqeda le nkathazo, i-cherry ipum isetshenzisiwe nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid esikhathini sokuthi i-Buddha ikhule futhi ngemuva kokusakazeka, nakuba isixazululo se-1% sethusi sulfate, esidinga ukucubungula isitshalo ekuqaleni kokusentwasahlobo, siphelele njengendlela yokulawula okunye. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, qiniseka ukuqoqa wonke amahlamvu awa phansi, okungcono ukushisa ngokushesha.
Ngokuvamile emithini yemithi yezithelo umuntu angaqaphela ukukhula okubonakalayo okubonakalayo, okuyizinyosi ezinzima, ezigeleza ezikhuni. Uma uqaphele into efanayo e-cherry plum yakho, lokhu kungabonisa ukwanda kwenhlabathi ye-acidity. Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukukhulelwa ngokushesha futhi ukulinganisa inhlabathi pH, futhi ngokususa amafomu nokubulala amagciwane amasayithi okusika izihlahla.
Lapho izithelo zivuthwa, i-Kuban comet ingase ibe ngaphansi kokuhlaselwa kwegrey. Lesi sifo sesibungulu sibonakala ngesimo sokukhuphuka okukhukhulayo emakhakheni nezithelo, futhi sisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu.
Izithelo ezithintekile kumele zisuswe ngokushesha, kungenjalo sonke isitshalo sizofa emasontweni ambalwa. Ukuze kutholakale izifo lapho kufika khona entwasahlobo, zonke izihlahla ziyi-cherry plum ehlongozwayo ne-Bordeaux ingxube, futhi ngemva kokuzimbali ziphathwa nge-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngokuqondene nezinambuzane, ezimweni eziningi i-alycha ihlaselwa yi-aphid ne-downy silkworm. Zombili izinambuzane zidla amaqabunga, zishiya izimbobo ezincane kuzo, ekugcineni zenza amaqabunga amaqabunga ahlehle futhi awe. Ngezinhloso ze-prophylactic, izihlahla ziphathwa ngezinambuzane ezikhethekile "iNitrafen" no- "Verin" kuze kube yilapho iqhwa.
E-cortex ye-Kuban comet, ama-bark nesibhakabhaka nezithelo zezithelo ngokuvamile zihlala. Zibeka izibungu, lapho izibungu ziphuma khona kamuva, zidla ngesitshalo somuthi futhi zishiye ngokwazo zihamba ngesiqu sayo. Uma isikhathi singathathi izinyathelo zokuqeda izinambuzane, lesi sihlahla singahle siphume. Kulesi simo, indlela kuphela yokuqeda izinambuzane ukusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane "Dichlorvos", "Confidor", "Chlorophos". Ukucubungula iziqu ze-cherry plum kuqhutshwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, futhi amagxolo kufanele ahambelane kahle ngezindlela. Ekubeni, wonke amagatsha aphethwe anqunywe futhi ashiswa.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
I-Alycha Kuban comet ibekezelela kakhulu amaqhwa ebusika, kodwa eminyakeni yokuqala emva kokutshala, izithombo ezincane zingcono kakhulu. Ngalokhu, ungasebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile zensimu (burlap noma spunbond).Akunconywa ukuba udibanise umgodi ngotshani noma utshani, ngoba amagundane angaphila khona.
Ukuvuna nokugcina i-cherry plum
Ukuvuthwa kwe-cherry plum yezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe kwenzeka phakathi kukaJulayi, kodwa isivuno sisuswa ekuvakasheni okumbalwa. Isibonakaliso esikhulu sokuvuthwa ukuveza izithelo ngombala obomvu ocebile, futhi ngokuvuthwa ngokugcwele kuba cishe i-burgundy. 
Kuye ngenani lamajikijolo emagatsheni, isikhathi se-fruiting singahlala cishe amasonto amabili, ngoba izithelo zokuqala ezinkulu nezinhle zivuthiwe, bese zonke ezinye. I-Kuban comet ihlale igcwele fruiting njalo, ngakho ungalibali ukuqoqwa amajikijolo avuthiwe, naphezu kokuthi akuzona okweqile ukuphazamisa noma ukuphazamisa. Uma ungabasusi esihlahleni ngesikhathi, bayodala umthwalo owengeziwe emagatsheni bese bevimbela ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo asele.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe, ezivuthiwe zeKuban comet kufanele zigcinwe ekushiseni kwe + 3 ... +5 ° C ngezinsuku ezingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-10. Ukwandisa impilo yesheluli ye-cherry plum, okuvame ukudingwa ukuze kugcwaliswe isithelo, ungaba, lapho uqoqa isitshalo esingavuthi ngokuphelele. I-Cherry plum ibhekisela kulezo zitshalo izithelo zazo ezivuthwa kahle emva kokususwa. Imikhiqizo yezinto ezibonakalayo ezinhlobonhlobo zeKuban comet iphezulu kakhulu: i-cherry plum ibekezelela ukuhamba, ayiziboli futhi ayiqhubi, igcina izimfanelo zayo ukunambitheka isikhathi eside (ngaphandle kokuthi izithelo zisusiwe emthini ngaphambi kokuvuthwa okugcwele).
Njengoba utshale izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezichazwe esakhiweni sakho, uyohlale uhlezi kahle ama-cherry plums, afaneleka ngokufanele ukusetshenziswa kokusha futhi ulungiselela izitsha okumnandi usebenzisa zona.
