IMelaleuka, noma umuthi wetiye, ungowomndeni we-myrtle, futhi, yize igama lawo, alihlangene netiye. Uhlobo lolo luhlanganisa inani elikhulu lezinhlobo (cishe izihlahla ezingama-200) nezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Impela umtshali ngamunye umelela ukuthi isihlahla setiye sibukeka kanjani.
Lesi sitshalo esikhulu esihle njalo esihlala sikhula sikhula ngobudala sibe isihlahla esincane esikhulayo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-melaleuka zinama-petioles amafushane kakhulu, ezinye azinayo.
Umuthi wetiye
Amapheshana abunjwe ngamaqanda atholakala ngokusebenzisa uhlangothi ngalunye. Izimbali ezinamakha zihlanganiswa zibe ama-cylindrical noma spherical inflorescence okuvulekile. Izimbali ziqukethe isixha sesixuku sama-stamens. Ukuwa kwamapharethi kungukuqala kwezimbali. Kamuva, izimbali zinika amakhompiyutha aqinile avaliwe ngembewu ancika kakhulu ematsheni.
Lesi sihlahla sinegxolo elibuthakathaka kunombala wokukhanya.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kwezinye izinhlobo, amagxolo ajwayele ukuphuma esitshalweni anezendlalelo ezincane, kodwa kunalokho zibanzi. Ngalesi sizathu, i-melaleuka yathola igama laso - isihlahla sephepha-bark.
Enye into ebalulekile yesihlahla setiyi yizinto zayo zokuphulukisa. Lesi sitshalo sinothile ngamafutha abalulekile alwa namagciwane, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta.
Okokubheka! Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, umuthi osemthethweni waqaphela amandla okupholisa we-melaleuka.
UMelaleuka: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Ngokwengadi yasekhaya, kunconyelwa ukukhetha izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu zesihlahla setiyi, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuzikhulisa futhi kulula ukuzinakekela. Isibonelo, zifaka iqabunga elijwayelekile le-melaleuka, ilungu elincane lomndeni elisetshenziselwa ukwakha i-bonsai.
Umuthi unamacembe amakhulu futhi acishe afane nezinaliti. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabatshali bezimbali, i-melaleuka yalolu hlobo iyisitshalo esingenakulibaleka, kepha ukuze izimbali ezijwayelekile futhi ziningi, kudingeka zinakekelwe kahle.
- Ukunisela
Endle, i-melaleuka ikhula osebeni lwemifula emincane nasezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngakho-ke, idinga ukuchelela okunempilo okuhleliwe. Lapho umhlaba womile ngokuphelele, isitshalo singafa. Kodwa-ke, ukungagxili kwamanzi nakho kungalimaza isihlahla, njengoba zivusa ukubola kwezimpande.
Kuyadingeka ukunisela i-melaleuka ngamanzi ahleliwe athambile. Ukuthambisa amanzi aqinile kusuka empompini, kuhlanganiswa i-acetic noma i-citric acid (ngemali encane) kuyo.
Uma ubusika buvele baba buhle impela, khona-ke ubukhulu bokunisela kufanele banciphiswe kancane. Ukunisela kufanele kube ngemuva kokumiswa okuncane kwesendlalelo esingaphezulu sangaphansi komhlaba.
- Inhlabathi
Ukuze ukhule isihlahla setiye, umhlabathi ongathathi hlangothi noma omile kancane onomhlabathi ofanelekile.
Ukwenza ingxube yobumba, kuyadingeka ukuxuba i-peat (izingxenye ezi-2) nomhlabathi we-turf (ingxenye eyi-1) nesihlabathi (1 ingxenye).
Kubalulekile! Uma inhlabathi ilungiselelwe i-melaleuka enhle, khona-ke kufanele kufakwe isanti elingaphezulu kwi-substrate.
- Umanyolo
Umuthi wetiye udinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu ngezikhathi ezithile. Kusukela maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi nekwindla, ukondla kuyadingeka njalo emavikini amabili.
Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali, oxutshwa namanzi okunisela engxenyeni echazwe kwimiyalo.
- Umswakama
Ukuze ukhule i-melaleuka, umswakama ophezulu uyadingeka. Ebusika, iziqukathi ezinezitshalo akufanele zishiywe eduzane nama-radiators.
Isihlahla sidinga ukufafazwa njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele usebenzise amathreyi ngodaka olunwebekile olumanzi noma ngamatshe ayigugu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Izihlahla
Umuthi wetiye wasendlini udinga ukuthenwa okuhleliwe konyaka. Isimo sesitshalo ngemuva kwenqubo singaba ngokuphelele noma yisiphi, ngoba kuncike kakhulu ezifisweni zomtshali.
Umuthi uthinteka kakhulu ezishintsheni ezifanayo, ngakho-ke ungabunjelwa bobabili ngendlela yesihlahla, nangesimo somuthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlahla zikuvumela ukuthi ususe amagatsha aqothulayo, avame ukonakalisa ukubukeka kwesitshalo.
Izihlahla ezincane azidingi izihlahla. Ukuze uthole ukubekelwa okungcono kwezihlahla, kufanele kusikwe ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ukuphakama.
Nakani! Ngenqubo yokukhula kwesihlahla, isiqu ngasinye esisha kufanele sitshulwe, kuze kube yilapho sekuqalwa isilinganiselo esifunekayo samagatsha.
Hlaba izinhlobo ezinhlanu kuphela zesihlahla setiye. Ziyahlukahluka ngenxa yokuthi ngokusetshenziswa kwesicelo ngasinye, isitshalo sizobukeka sehlukile.
Izinhlobo Zokuncipha:
- ukumodela;
- ukukhanya
- ekujuleni
- esindayo
- ngaphansi kwempande.
Ukuthena imodeli kusetshenziselwa ukusheshisa ukukhula kwama-buds ezitshalweni ezincane, ukuthuthukisa nokwenza lula ukuqinisa amagatsha, ukuthuthukisa "umthambo" wesihlahla, kanye nokuqinisa amagatsha asebusweni nokwakhiwa kwamahlumela. Amagatsha akamuva aqinisa isihlahla setiye, andise indiza ethwala isihlahla futhi asize ukusinda emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngezikhathi zeqhwa, okuthinta umkhiqizo ngokuphelele.
Ukuthena okulula kukhulisa inani lezinso. Lolu hlobo lokuthena lusetshenziselwa izitshalo ezenzelwe ukutshala lokhu okuluhlaza okotshani - iziqu zethenda. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngemuva kwenqubo ethile yezinqubo, izinso ziyaqina, futhi kanye nalokhu, amandla wokudla wesitshalo ancishiswa kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusika okujulile kuzokwamukeleka kakhulu. Kulokhu, amagatsha ayi-10-15 cm asikwa ezihlahleni kanye namahlamvu. Lokhu kuvumela umuthi wetiyini ukuthi ubhekane kalula nengcindezi, futhi kusiza ukuthola amandla.
Ukuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye
Ukuthena okuningana nokuthena izinto kwenzelwe ukwengeza isitshalo. Izinhlobo ezithile zezihlahla, lapho zifinyelela usayizi othile, ziqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zokuguga. Kulokhu, izindlela zokutshala okukhanyayo azisizi, ngakho-ke isitshalo esindayo siyasetshenziswa.
Cishe ama-30 cm asuswa ezitshalweni, futhi uma umuthi mude impela, unganciphisa uhhafu wokukhula kwawo. Uma kwenzeka kuba nesifo esingathi sína, isihlahlana sinqunywa emsukeni, akusekho ngaphezu kwesentimitha eyi-10. Izihlahla zalolu hlobo kwesinye isikhathi ziyasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhambisa isitshalo.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Izihlahla zetiye ezisencane zikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke zidinga ukufakelwa konyaka. Ezitshalweni ezindala, ukufakelwa okukodwa eminyakeni engama-2-3 kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.
Ngenqubo ngayinye elandelayo, udinga ukukhetha imbiza entsha edlula eyedlule yevolumu. Uma ukukhula kwe-melaleuka kukhulu kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza ukuchelela okuyingxenye kohlelo lwempande, kulandelwe ukufakelwa esitsheni esisha.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukufakelwa, kufanele kusetshenziswe amanzi anele.
Ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi kufanele kufake phakathi i-peat (izingxenye ezi-2), isihlabathi (1 inxenye) nomhlaba wefudu - ungqimba lobumba lwamacembe amancane awile, amaqabunga omile nezinsalela zotshani (1 ingxenye).
Ukufakelwa kwesihlahla setiye
Izindlela zokuzala
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokusakaza i-melaleuka ebhodweni: imbewu noma ukusikwa.
Imbewu
Ukuze usakaze umuthi wetiyi ngembewu, udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:
- Thela amanzi abilisiwe esitsheni bese ufaka imbewu kuwo. Isikhathi sokugcotshwa - izinsuku ezintathu. Amanzi adinga ukushintshwa nsuku zonke.
- Lahla imbewu evuthiwe. Gxilisa imbewu eseleyo ibe ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi one-acidic. Mboza ngefilimu noma ingilazi phezulu.
- Hlela ukuphefumula nsuku zonke kwehora.
- Lapho unisela, qiniseka ukuthi umhlaba awomile futhi awunambisi.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-6, amahlumela okuqala kufanele enzeke.
Izimbumbulu
Endabeni yokusakazwa yizilimo, i-algorithm yezenzo imi kanje:
- Khetha izinqubo ezimbalwa ezinemininingwane efinyelela ku-8 cm ubude.
- Tshala izingcezu ku-vermiculite (emanzi) bese uyibeka endaweni ekhanyiselwe kahle.
- Izimbumbulu zinganikezwa ama-phytohormones. Kusheshisa kakhulu ukukhula.
- Nisela njalo, ugweme ukushoda noma umswakama ngokweqile.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
Umuthi wetiye obalulekile i-antiseptic, umlamuli onamandla wokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antiviral. Inezakhiwo eziningi ezisebenzayo, Nazi ezinye zazo:
- Ikhumbula ukucindezelwa nokucindezela. Amafutha kaMelaleuka asebenza ubuchopho, aqinise inkumbulo futhi athuthukise umbono weqiniso.
- Izici ze-antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal. Uwoyela ungenza njengento ehlukile emithini eminingana yamakhaza kanye nomkhuhlane. Inamakhompiyutha alwa namagciwane, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta.
- Umphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala nokuvuselela amandla. Amafutha wetiyi enza buthakathaka ukuvuvukala futhi kuvuselele ukusebenza kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, adlala indima enkulu ekwenziweni kokuphola.
- Izakhiwo ze-antifungal. Amafutha aqukethe amakhompiyutha alwa nokukhula kanye nokwanda kokubumba kumifino nezithelo.
- Izici ze-antioxidant. Umuthi wetiye obalulekile futhi unezakhiwo ze-antioxidant.
Izici zokuphilisa ze-malekuki
Nakani! Uma kwenzeka kungabekezelelwa umuntu ngamunye, ukusetshenziswa kawoyela obalulekile kunqatshelwe.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umuthi wetiye useyinto eyivelakancane, ongabonakali emvelweni yasekhaya, umuntu usengakwazi ukubona ukuthambekela kokuthandwa kwawo. Ngokwandayo, kukhona abalimi abathi, uma befuna okungajwayelekile, bakhethe lesi sitshalo esithile. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa kubo, ngisho nangemva kokutshala ebhodweni, babona ukubaluleka kwale ngcebo.
