Ukutshala ama-roses, akudingekile ukwenza ukuthenga okubizayo kokutshala impahla. Ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu, ungathola izithombo ezakhiwe kahle zezinhlobo zama roses amahle ngokwakho. Indwangu yokukhula ingasebenza njengesimbali sezimbali noma zamahlumela othenwe.
Ungasakaza kanjani ama-roses nokuthi yini okudingeka uyazi
Isikhathi esivela kuJuni 15 kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi singcono kakhulu ukufeza ukusakazwa kwama roses ngokusika ekhaya emibhedeni evulekile yemibhede. Ungakwenza lokhu entwasahlobo, ekwindla kanye nasebusika, kepha lokhu kudinga ukuthi kube ngamahholo okugcina izithombo alungiselelwe ngokukhethekile amahlumela ezitshalo, noma indawo ekhanyiswe kahle yilanga efasiteleni nasekwenzeni izimbiza zokutshala.
INdlovukazi yengadi
Ukusika kwe-Autumn kwenzeka ngemuva kokuthena nokulungiselela ama-rose bush for hibernation. Ngalesi sikhathi, izitshalo ziqongelela izakhi eziningi ezicutshini zazo, okufaka isandla ekukhuleni ngokushesha kwe-callus (izicubu ezivikela amanxeba ezitshalo) nokwakheka kwezimpande.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokumboza inhlabathi, ukukhuphuka kanye nama roses we-polyanthus zizala kahle futhi zinezimpande. Kunzima kakhulu ukufeza imbangela yokulungisa nezinhlobo zepaki. Izinhlobonhlobo zetiyi ne-hybrid, yize zinobunzima, zisengasakazwa ngokusikwa.
Nakani! Amagatsha esixhaxha sama roses asuka kwamanye amazwe akadingi ukuzama ukusabalalisa. Bona, ukuze balondoloze isethulo isikhathi eside, baphathwa ngamakhemikhali avimbela ukwakheka kwezimpande.
Ukufaneleka kwamagatsha we-rose for rooting kunqunywa yisimo sevava: kumahlumela afanele, i-spike ihlukana kalula ne-peel. Uhlobo olunamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lombala wegxolo lokudutshulwa okungasasebenzi ngokhuni futhi luyinkomba yokuthi liqukethe izinto eziningi zepulasitiki futhi zingagxila.
I-Callus
Ukulungiselela ukukhula kwama-roses kusuka ku-cutways
Ukugcwalisa izithombo ngomswakama, amagatsha ama-roses, ngaphambi kokuqala ukuwasika, abekwa amahora ambalwa emanzini amile okushisa kwegumbi. Ukuze kwakheke izimpande, izingxenye eziphakathi kwamahlumela waminyaka yonke ezinobubanzi okungenani be-0.5 cm, zifanelekile, noma zisesiteji sokuqhuma kwe-bud noma sezivele zimile.
Kubalulekile! Iziqu zama roses ezikhethiwe ukuze zibambe kahle zihlolwa izifo nokubola. Uma okungenani izibonakaliso ezincane kakhulu zokubumba zikhona ku-bark bark, igatsha liyaliwa.
Amagatsha akhethiwe ahlukaniswe ama-cutways asuka ku-5 kuya ku-15 cm ubude. Okungenani ama-buds amathathu namaqabunga amaningana kufanele asale kusiko ngalinye. Izingxenye ezingezansi zenziwe nge-engela ka-1.5-2,5 cm kusuka esweni. Ukusikeka kungenziwa phakathi kwamehlo. Izingxenye ezingenhla kufanele ziqonde futhi zibekwe ku-0.5 cm kusuka ezinso. Engxenyeni engenhla yokusikwa, kushiywe amaqabunga ama-2-3, elinye lawo lingaba liphelele, okuseleyo kuncishiswa ngesigamu ukunciphisa inqubo yokuhwamuka komswakama.
Izimbumbulu
Wonke umsebenzi wenziwa ngommese obukhali, ngaphambili wawucubungula ku-disinfector. Izingcezu kufanele zibe bushelelezi, uma kunjalo ngeke zivumele ukubola. Zonke ukusika okuholela kubekwa amahora amaningi emanzini ngesikhuseli sokukhula esifakwe kuso (i-heteroauxin noma impande). Noma imaphi amalungiselelo wokwenza izimpande aqukethe i-β-indolyl-3-acetic acid, β-indolyl-3-butyric acid, α-naphthylacetic acid angasetshenziswa. Ukuqoqwa kwekhambi nendlela yokusebenzisa kufanele kuhambisane nemiyalo yomenzi.
Ngemininingwane! Ukucutshungulwa ukusikwa okunezinto ezisebenza ngokuqalisa ukhula kubangela ukumelana kokutshala kwezinto ezifweni, ezinambuzaneni, kanye nesimo sezulu esingesihle.
Ungawulungisa kanjani umhlaba
Umhlabathi wokutshala izithombo awulungiswa kungakapheli amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi. Ngokutshala izithombo ze-rose emhlabathini ovulekile, khetha isiza esinomhlabathi ovundile. Inhlabathi yemba kufosholo lwe-bayonet. Isanti lomfula kanye nomlotha wezinkuni kuyenezelwa emithonjeni. Uma kungekho chernozem, podzolic noma soddy nenhlabathi, kufakwa umquba wamaminerali obunzima emibhedeni.
Ama-rooting ama-rose efulethini noma endlini ayadingeka ngosizo lwe-mini-greenhouse, eyenziwe ngesisekelo sezimbiza zezimbali noma amabhokisi anezimbobo zokuhambisa indle. Izinto zokwakha zibekwe ezansi ¼ yobude bethangi: ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe womfula, igwebu lomhlabathi oyi-polystyrene Foum, njll. Isendlalelo esigciniwe esilungiselelwe sithululelwa ngaphezulu ngokufakwa kwesihlabathi nomlotha.
I-mini greenhouse
Izindlela zokusika ukubamba kwezimpawu
Akukona ngaso sonke isikhathi ngisho ukwenziwa okulungile kwemiyalo yezinyathelo nezinyathelo yokuthi ukutshala ama-roses kuholela kanjani emiphumeleni emihle. Ngokubuna kwehlobo nokwindla kwamahlumela apinki, kungenzeka ukuthola izimpande ezijwayelekile kumacala angama-80-90%, imizamo yentwasahlobo iholela kumphumela wama-50%, ebusika izimpande zizoqhakaza ngama-30% amagatsha alungiselelwe. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuzama ukusiphula izingcezu eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukubamba phansi emanzini
Sebenzisa amanzi ompompi agcinwe kahle noma entwasahlobo noma amanzi emvula ahlanzwa ekungcoleni kwemvelo. Kuthululelwa esitsheni esihlanzekile esingabonakali. Izibhebhe ezi-1-2 zekhabhoni emnyama eyenziwe yafakwa emanzini. Ukusika kwehliswa ukuze amanzi amboze iziqu ngo-2-3 cm ngaphezulu kwezinso eliphansi. Amaqabunga ama-roses akufanele athinte amanzi.
Imbiza imbozwe ngendlu yokufihla esikhwameni sepulasitiki noma ebhodleleni lepulasitiki elisikiwe phansi. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile akufanele kuwele ezitshalweni, kepha ukusika ngeke kuvelise ngaphandle kokukhanya. Njengoba inani lomswakama embizeni lehla, amanzi ayangezwa noma aguqulwe ngokuphelele.
Emanzini
Izimpande zihlume ngale ndlela zizoba buthaka kakhulu, zivikeleke kabi emonakalweni nasezifo, zihambisane kahle nentuthuko endaweni ethuthukile. Zidlulisele enhlabathini endaweni yokugcina okulinywe ngokucophelela. I-substrate kumele ibe nokudla okunempilo, okukhululekile futhi okuhlala kumanzi njalo. Ubude bezimpande akufanele bube ngaphezu kuka-5 cm.
Ukutshala ukusika kwama roses kumazambane
Ama-rooting ama-rose namazambane amakhulu anenzuzo yokuthi ama-tubers agcwele umswakama, amaminerali kanye nesitashi, okuqinisekisa iphesenti ephezulu yezithombo ezigcwele. Kumazambane, wonke amehlo asikiwe. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izilimo ezimpande zinikeze izimbali zazo ngokuphelele izakhi zazo.
Kwenziwe amagobongo ebhodweni, lapho izinhlangothi ezingezansi zezisikiwe zizohlangana khona ngokuqinile futhi zifake ukusikeka kwama roses. Amazambane kufanele abekwe engxenyeni yezakhi enobukhulu obuyi-15 cm. Inhlabathi kufanele isimboze ngokuphelele ishubhu futhi ifinyelele ezingeni lesiga. Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe kahle endaweni yezithombo. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, kepha ukubhala amanzi ngokuqinile akufanele kuvunyelwe.
Embizeni
Ukusika kwe-midzi emaphaketheni
Le ndlela isetshenziswa endaweni yokuhlala. Faka izimbiza zezimbali phansi lapho kufakwa khona amanzi, isizinda esimanzi esivundile noma i-sphagnum moss. I-Moss ifakwe ku-aloe asanda kufakwa egcotshwe emanzini. Ezingxenyeni eziyi-9 zoketshezi, kusetshenziswa ingxenye eyodwa yejusi. Izimbali zibekwa emabhodweni, zimboze futhi zihlanganise izingxenye ezingezansi zeziqu ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi.
Izimbiza zifakwa emasakeni epulasitiki asobala, aboshwe ngokuqinile, aqale ngokugcwalisa ngomoya ophelile. Amaphakeji abekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele, kepha hhayi eshisayo. Ngezikhathi ezithile hlola isimo se-substrate, uma kunesidingo, sithambisa.
Iphakethe
Izingcambu zeengcambu ezilungiselelwe ukusikwa kwehlobo emhlabathini
Izithombo ezisikiwe ehlobo akufanele zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphambi kobusika. Zitshalwe ezitsheni futhi zigcinwa ezindaweni zezindawo zokugcina ukushisa ezindaweni zokugcina ukushisa noma kufasitela. Uma ama-peduncle avela kwisithombo ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele asuswe. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngokuqala kokushisa okujwayelekile okuphakathi nsuku zonke okungenani kwe-15 ° C, ama roses anezimpande atshalwa endaweni unomphela emhlabathini ovulekile.
Indlela yeTrannua
Umgcini wegadi waseRussia uP. Trannua uhlongoza ukusiphula ukunqunywa kwama roses ngokushesha endaweni lapho kuhlelwe khona ukutshala njalo. Uma weqa isigaba sokumiswa kwezimpande enkulisa, khona-ke izitshalo zima ngaphandle komzamo owengeziwe.
Nakani! Endaweni engapheli, izimpande eziyinhloko zizokwakha izimbali, ezingangena emhlabathini ngokushesha zibeke amandla esihlahleni esizayo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala izihlahla ezisikiwe kubude obungama-20-23 cm kusuka amahlumela wonyaka aqine anamaqabunga amaningana, lungisa inhlabathi ngokucophelela: ukhulula, ususe ukhula, ufake umanyolo, u-moisturize. Izilimo zitshalwa ekhoneni kuze kufike ekujuleni kweqabunga lokuqala, phakathi kwezitshalo zigcina ibanga elingafika ku-50 cm. Izihloko zezitshalo kufanele ziqondiswe enyakatho.
UTrannoy
Ngemuva kokutshala izithombo, inhlabathi ichithwa kahle ngamanzi, ihlanganiswe endaweni yesisekelo esizayo. Izimbotshana ezivela kumabhodlela epulasitiki asikiwe afakwa ezitshalweni. Indawo ekhulayo inombala.
Nakani! Ukubamba kwezimpawu kuqala ngoSepthemba. Amakati amancanyana aqashe ngaphansi kwezigqoko noma umhlaba othambile kuya kuwo amathiphu weziqu.
Indlela yeBurrito
Ikhekhe lenhlama laseMexico nge-burrito elibizwa nge burrito. Izisiki zikaRose ezifuna ukusakazwa nazo zigoqwe kukhekhe kusuka ephephandabeni. Isixha sephephandaba sikanyiswe ngamanzi size singalahli isimo. Amanzi amaningi kufanele ageze. Ama-Burritos ama roses afakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki futhi agcinwe ekushiseni kwe-18 ° C kuya ku-20 ° C. Kuleli fomu, ukusika kwe-rose kwi-cut engezansi kuzoqala ukwenza i-callus futhi kuxoshe izimpande.
Isigaxa sama roses kumele sikanyiswe ngezikhathi ezithile sihlolwe ukubola. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokubumba, ukusikeka okonakele kulahliwe, leli phephandaba lifakwa esikhundleni esisha. Ama-cutways atshalwa ngemuva kobude bezimpande bufinyelela ku-3-5 cm: esikhathini sasebusika kumabhodwe we-seedling, entwasahlobo endaweni evamile yokulinyelwa.
Burrito
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-cuttings etshaliwe
Ama-roses amasha amile izimpande emhlabathini ovulekile ahlanganiswe ngodaka lomhlaba kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-20 cm ukuphakama. Lokhu kudala indunduma ehlala njalo evumela isitshalo ukuba sakhe amaningana izimpande futhi sivikele ukusikwa kwasekuqaleni. Ukunisela njalo kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu kwesizinda sezimpande kuyenziwa. Izingxube ezinomsoco zethulwa ngemuva kokunisela okuyinhloko kwizimbobo ezincane kude nohlelo lwezimpande. Ngenkathi yehlobo, umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi awusetshenziswa ukwedlula kanye ngenyanga.
Inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla ze-rose kufanele isuswe ukhula futhi ilulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufudumala nokushintshana komoya kwenhlabathi. Ukukhula kwezimpande namahlumela kuzokwenzeka ngenkuthalo enhlabathini efudumele kunokubandayo. Ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa, izitshalo azibambi kahle umswakama, zikhuphule kancane isisindo esiluhlaza, futhi zingakhi i-peduncle. Ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ama-rose aqinile e-rose, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo eyenziwe kwizinyathelo ezedlule zokusakazwa kwezihlahla zokusika.
URose engadini
Izimbali ezinhle njengama roses, zinendawo efanele indawo ehlonishwa kakhulu ezakhiweni zomuntu nangaphansi kwamafasitela aphezulu. Indlela eshibhile futhi elula yokuxazulula umbuzo wokuthi ungasabalalisa kanjani ama-roses nge-cutways ekhaya ukungabaza amandla akho futhi uthathe lo msebenzi.
