Enye yezinhlobo zama-orchid adumile futhi ajwayelekile - ama-orchid - iMiltonia (Miltonia) - avele eRussia evela emahlathini aseBrazil naseColombia, lapho akhula khona ngokukhululeka ezimweni zemvelo. Ayisiyindida kangako kokuqukethwe, lembali ifana novemvane omuhle kakhulu.
IMiltonia: Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene
Ukuthengiswa okunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo ye-miltonia kuyathengiswa. Ukwakheka kwembali kufana namapani, kukhulu kuphela. Kukhona zonke izinhlobo zemibala yokuhlukahluka kwamathambo velvety: omhlophe, beige, ophuzi, opinki, onsomi. Iphunga liyathandeka futhi limnandi. Ukwehluka kusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu ezingama-20, kuzo kutholakala izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40 nzalo.
UMiltonia Morris Chestnut
I-Epiphytic orchid inwebise ama-rhizomes nama-pseudobulbs anombala owodwa, atholwe nhlangothi zombili. Amaqabunga akhula ezinhlobo ezimbili - i-rhizome ne-apical. I-inflorescences i-lateral ngeziqu ezinde.
Kubalulekile! IMiltonia akufanele ididaniswe neMitchoniopsis. Lawa ama-orchid ahlobene eduze, anezinhlobo eziyisithupha zezilwane futhi, kuze kube muva nje, ahlanganiswe nohlobo lweMiltonia. Kepha izifundo zesayensi zikufakazisile ukwehluka kwazo kofuzo.
IMiltonia Mix
Ngaphansi kwaleli gama lokuhweba, izinto zokutshala zithengiswa lapho isithunzi sezimbali ezizayo singaziwa kusengaphambili. Lokhu ukwehluka okuhlukahlukene kombala wepinki, onsomi, omhlophe nobomvu. Udinga ukubanakekela ngendlela efanayo nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ukubheka umswakama ophezulu nokukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanya.
Hlanganisa iMiltonia
Miltonia ophuzi
Lesi sitshalo sikhula size sibe ngamasentimitha angama-50. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sisukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuJanuwari nango-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. I-peduncle efinyelela ku-1 m ubude ivame ukuba nezinhlamvu ezingama-7-15 eziqhakaza zibe ngamakhorali amise okwenziwe inkanyezi okombala omhlophe ophuzi okufika ku-8 cm ububanzi. Izindebe ezinomphetho we-wavy inemivimbo ebomvu ebomvu engu-4-6.
Izinhlobonhlobo zidinga umehluko omkhulu kumazinga okushisa nsuku zonke (15-17 ° C - ebusuku, 25 ° C - phakathi nosuku). Isikhathi esifushane, ingabekezelela ukwehla okungathi sína kokushisa komoya. Ama-pseudobulbs e-ophuzi ophuzi aluhlaza atholakala endaweni enwabuzelayo ebangeni elingamasentimitha amathathu ukusuka komunye nomunye. Amaqabunga amise okwenziwe ngebhande afike ku-30 cm ubude. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, udinga ukugqokwa kwesonto okuphezulu kweviki. Umswakama we-Optimum 80%.
Miltonia flavescens
UMiltonia Morella
Isikhathi eside bekukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungukuhlukahluka kwe-miltonia ebukekayo, kepha namuhla kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezizimele. Izimbali ziqhakazile kunokugqamile, futhi zinkulu. Ama-pseudobulbs akhonkothwe ngokwengeziwe. Ingxenye ye-rhizome yehlumela imbozwe ngamaqabunga e-scaly. Ubukhulu bezimbali buyi-plum-purple hue enendawo ekhanyayo endaweni engafika ku-10 cm ububanzi. Ubude be-lip 5 cm, umbala wayo ulula - pink-nsomi enemithambo emnyama yobude. Isikhathi sezimbali zehlumela ngalinye kungamaviki ayisithupha.
UMiltonia Moreliana Henfr
UMiltonia uyakhazimula
Lolu hlobo luphawulwa ngama-pseudobulbs angama-ovoid-elongated aze abe yi-10 cm ubude. I-hue yawo iluhlaza okotshani. Isimo sithambile kusukela ezinhlangothini. Izindawo ze-Rhizome of amahlumela zithuthukiswe kahle. Ubude bezimpande bufika ku-10 cm.Iqabunga liqukethe umugqa womzimba-ulingene ngensika eyindilinga ye-hue eluhlaza okotshani obude bufika ku-15 cm. Ubude be-inflorescence bude bufika ku-25 cm, lapho kufinyelela khona ama-buds angama-20.
Amathunzi ahlukile: kusuka ku-plum-onsomi emifushane kuya kumhlophe. Izindebe zikhulu (kufinyelela ku-5 cm ubude nama-4 cm ububanzi) zilinganiselwe kancane phansi, zinemivimbo emide yobude kanye nomphetho we-wavy okhanyayo. Isikhathi sokuqhuma kwentwasahlobo nengxenye yesibili yehlobo. Imbali ngayinye ihlala amasonto amane.
Miltonia spectabilis
UMiltonia Varshevich
I-Orchid isuka eMelika Ephakathi. Amaqabunga anamaphethelo ayindilinga afinyelela ku-14 cm ubude. Akha i-inflorescence enezimbali eziningi, kwesinye isikhathi igatsha, elinezimbali ezingafika ku-4 cm ububanzi. Ukwahlukaniswa kanye nama-petals kuyafana, ku-olong ngesimo ekunwetshisweni ekugcineni. Ipende ngemibala ebomvu-nsundu, emhlophe futhi ephuzi. I-lipi ye-Violet-purple ibanzi, i-bilobate onqenqemhlophe omhlophe. Maphakathi nendawo kune-disc ebomvu ngokubomvu. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Ephreli. Ama-buds asebenzayo kakhulu aqhakaza kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuMashi.
Miltonia Warczewiczii
I-Orchid miltonia: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Le epiphyte yangemuva ikhetha ukuphola kanye nomswakama ophakeme osusela ku-50 kuye ku-90%. Musa ukubeka amabhodwe kuma-radiator. Emini, udinga ukugcina izinga lokushisa elingu-24- 26 ° C, futhi ebusuku - kwehle kuze kufike ku-15 ° C. Ukupholisa kakhulu kuholela ekuqandeni amahlamvu, angoma ngisho nase pseudobulb.
Umswakama
I-Orchid ivame ukuniselwa njalo ngosuku olunye noma kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3. Imodi ikhethiwe ngokususelwa kumswakama egumbini. Isimo esifanele senhlabathi ebhodweni sihlala simanzi, kepha umoya udlula ngokukhululeka kukho. Ukunisela, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-distillate, lapho ukugqoka okuphezulu kuphathwa khona ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa okuhlungiwe, okubilisiwe nokufudunyezwa amanzi okushisa egumbi nakho kufanelekile. Inqubo yokunisela ibukeka kanjena: imbiza icwiliswa uhhafu wokuphakama esitsheni esinamanzi alungiselelwe, bese ifafazwa ngaphezulu kwe-moss. Ngemuva kokubeka imbiza epallet bese belinda kuze kube yilapho wonke amanzi athe xaxa ekhishwa. Bese beyibeka etrayini elomile.
Isibonakaliso senhlala-kahle yesihlahla ngamaqabunga awo. Uma ngokuzumayo bethola impumuzo nge-regionion, lokhu kubonisa ukweqisa. Ukusiza izimpande ukuthi zilulame, udinga ukuhlela kabusha ibhodwe losuku noma ezimbili endaweni efudumele neyomile.
Nakani! Ngokubhujiswa okuphelele kwezimpande, ukufaka ama-pseudobulbs kuzosiza ukwakha amasha. Ibekwe esitsheni samanzi futhi ilinde ukukhula kwezimpande ezintsha. Amanzi ayaguqulwa nsuku zonke.
Umswakama omkhulu we-miltonia ngu-60-80%. Kodwa-ke, igumbi kufanele libe nomoya omncane. Uma umswakama uphansi kakhulu, amaqabunga aqala ukuncipha. Awukwazi ukubaphonsa, ungamanzisa umoya nxazonke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka ibhodwe esikhwameni ngodaka olunwebekile olumanzi. Lapho kufakwe amanzi nge-hypothermia, izinqubo zokubola ziqala. Esibonakaliso sokuqala, zonke izindawo ezonakele zisusiwe ngokushesha, bese i-orchid idluliselwa enhlabathini entsha.
Izeluleko Zokukhanyisa
Endle, iMiltonia itholakala e-Argentina, eParaguay, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil, ePeru naseMelika Ephakathi. Ehlathini, lukhula endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-200 kuya ku-1500, kepha iningi lazo lihlala amamitha angama-600- 900. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza ezindaweni ezinomthunzi wehlathi nasezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe, kepha azikhanyi elangeni eliqondile.
Ukukhanya kwelanga kufanele kuchithwe, kuyilapho ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunele ngamahora we-2-4 kuphela. Isikhathi sonke, umthunzi oyingxenye owanele. Ukukhanya okuningana, kukhanya amaqabunga, futhi lapho lingekho ilanga elanele, iba luhlaza okotshani. Ububomvu nokuphuzi kukhomba ukuthi imbiza idinga ukususwa kude nefasitela, ngoba amahlamvu ashisiwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu nomhlabathi
Inhlabathi yemiltonia ibaluleke kakhulu. Izakhi ezijwayelekile azimfanele. Kungcono ukulungiselela ingxube ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha izingcezu ezinkulu zikaphayini wamagxolo, ukhukhamba kakhukhunathi, i-moss ne-peat. Zonke ngokulingana okulinganayo. Umphumela uba yingxube evulekile lapho umoya udlula khona ungaphazanyiswa. Imbiza igcwele, ibekwe phansi kwegxolo, kuthi moss phezulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo.
Ngesikhathi sokuphoqelela ukhipha izimbali, ukugqoka phezulu kwenziwa ngamanyolo akhethekile wama-orchid. Ezinye izinhlobo zokudla zanele ukondla okukodwa emavikini ama-2, kepha ezinye zidinga maviki onke. Kungcono ukubheka kumthengisi wezinto zokutshala. Ukuqoqwa kwekhambi kungaphansi kane kunokuba abenzi bencoma. Ukweqiwa kwezakhi zomsoco kulimaza kakhulu i-miltonia. Udinga i-nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium tata enefomula 18-18-18, noma 20-20-20. Ngasekupheleni kokukhula okusha, bayayeka ukuzondla, bavumela i-orchid ukuthi iphumule.
Ungayifaka kanjani imiltonia
Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi: ukufakelwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha, lapho nje imbiza ethengiwe ene-orchid ingeniswa endlini. Isikhathi esihle sokuthenga intwasahlobo. Cishe wonke ama-orchid akathandi lapho izimpande zawo ziphazamisa, kepha akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwawo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungagcini nje ngokususa imbali ku-substrate, kodwa futhi uhlole zonke izingxenye zayo ukuze uthole futhi ususe izindawo ezibolile ngesikhathi. Uma lesi sifo sesihlalile, futhi impande ibolile, iba yothambile lapho itholwa bese ithola umbala omdaka omnyama esikhundleni sokuba mhlophe ngokuhlaza.
Inhlabathi endala ingasetshenziselwa kuphela ukuhlanganisa izimbali engadini, kodwa hhayi okuphindaphindiwe. Izitshalo zabantu abadala eseziqedile ukuqhakaza kuphela zingathathelwa kabusha (ama-peduncle omisiwe). Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi asetshenziswa emsebenzini ngotshwala noma ufafaza nge-sulfur powder. Ama-orchid atheleleka kalula, ngakho-ke udinga ukunakekela ukuvikelwa kwawo kumagciwane.
Kubalulekile! Zonke izigaba kanye nomonakalo kufafazwa nge-carbon eyenziwe ngegesi eyenziwe yaba yimpuphu.
Kungakuhle uthenge imbiza entsha esobala ukuqapha isimo sezimpande futhi ubanikeze ithuba lokuthi bangayeki inqubo ye-photosynthesis. Phansi kufanele kube nokuvuleka okukhulu kokugeleza kwamanzi. Imbiza ngayinye elandelayo ikhethwe ngokujulile futhi ibanzi okungenani ngo-2 cm, kepha iqondiswa yivolumu yesisindo sezimpande. Inconyelwe ukufakelwa njalo eminyakeni emi-2.
Inqubo yokufakelwa kwezigaba:
- Susa i-orchid ebhodweni.
- Izimpande zigezwa esitsheni ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Uma baboshwe izingcezu zamagxolo, khona-ke bayashiywa njengoba kunjalo.
- Amaqabunga afile noma abolile, kanye nama-inflorescence omisiwe, ayasuswa.
- Ukuzala kabusha kwenziwa ngokuhlukanisa izingxenye zama-rhizome ngama-pseudobulbs amathathu anempilo.
- Inhlabathi imbozwe umanzi omncane, kodwa ungayiphuli. I-Sphagnum ibekwe phezulu, idala i-microclimate ephezulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngokwengxenye, uhlelo lwezimpande luzofa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, lokhu akunakugwenywa. Kuzothatha izinyanga eziyi-6 ukululama.
I-Miltonia imbali ekunakekelweni iyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe kune-phalaenopsis, ngoba iyadingeka kakhulu ekushiseni nasekunomswakama. Kuzodinga isineke kanye nesipiliyoni esithile. Uma i-orchidist inethuba lokuhlinzeka ngomehluko wokushisa phakathi kobusuku nobusuku obungu-8-10 ° C, ke ukuqhakaza kwawo ngeke kuthathe isikhathi eside futhi kuzojabulisa ngemibalabala nangemibala egqamile.
