IMonstera ibizwa ngokuthi isitshalo esihlala sikhona esihlala sikhona. Ezimweni zemvelo, ihlala eNingizimu Melika kanye naseMelika Ephakathi, ezindaweni ezinomswakama iBrazil ne-Asia. Le mbali enkulu evela emndenini we-Aroid ineziqu ezinkulu futhi ezinama-curly, amaqabunga amakhulu aqoshiwe angafika kusayizi ofika ku-60 cm. Endle, lesi sitshalo sinamathiselwe izimpande kwizisekelo ezahlukahlukene nezihlahla. Ekhaya, likhule njengembali ebunjiwe engaphakathi endlini futhi ngokuyisisekelo aluqhakaza. Lo mbhalo uchaza ukuthi i-monstera izala kanjani, izinzuzo nobubi bendlela ethile, nokuthi kungani isitshalo singafela ekhaya.
Monstera: Ukuzalela ekhaya
Le mbali inezakhiwo eziningi ezisebenzayo:
- ukhipha njalo umoya-mpilo ngesikhathi sasemini;
- ugcina isimo sezulu esinomswakama endlini ngenxa yokuhwamuka kwamashidi amakhulu uketshezi kusuka ebusweni;
- kunciphisa ukulimala kwamagagasi e-electromagnetic kusuka kwimishini yasendlini;
Imbali ngemvelo
- imunca amakhemikhali emoyeni akhishwa kwifenisha (i-varnish, udayi);
- ionize umoya egumbini;
- Inensimu yamandla enhle kakhulu enomphumela omuhle emzimbeni womuntu: iyanciphisa, igcina kusuka ekuzimiseleni;
- Inomphumela onenzuzo kuwo wonke umzimba: iqinisa amasosha omzimba, yandisa imisebenzi yobuchopho.
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe i-monstera ekhaya kuzokwenzeka kuphela uma yonke imiyalo efanelekile igcwalisiwe ngalokhu. Okokuqala, kunconywa ukulungiselela umhlabathi wesitshalo. Ngaphansi kwembiza, kubalulekile ukubeka ungqimba lwezitini eziphukile noma amagobolondo futhi emva kwalapho uthele inhlanganisela ye-humus nge-peat, kanye nengxenye yomfula wesihlabathi ka-4 cm.
Nakani! Izilimo zingatshalwa ngokushesha esihlabathini, kodwa lapho nje izingcambu zokuqala sezakhiwe kufanele zidluliselwe enhlabathini. Izinga lokushisa lomoya lokuqukethwe okuhle kwezithombo noma izitshalo akufanele libe ngaphezulu kuka-25 ° C.
IMonstera ithande kakhulu ukukhanya kwelanga, ngoba kulokhu udinga ukukhetha ngokucophelela indawo yendawo yayo. Kufanele kukhanye kakhulu, kepha ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Uma indawo ikhethwe ngokungalungile, inqubo yokubamba imbala izothamba kancane.
Ungayisakaza kanjani ngempumelelo i-monstera ekhaya? Ukwenza lokhu, dala umswakama ophezulu, lokhu kuzoba yimfihlo yempumelelo. Izithombo ezincane zidinga ukufafazwa nsuku zonke ngamanzi endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni: ekuseni kakhulu nangemva kokushona kwelanga. Ukukhetha okulungile kokufaka umanyolo nakho kuzoba nomphumela ozuzisayo ekubambeni kwesitshalo ekhaya.
Ungayisakaza kanjani i-monstera nge-cutways
Ungayisakaza kanjani imbali ye-monstera ngokusikwa kwe-apical? Ingaphezulu lembali elivuthiwe liyanqunywa futhi libekwe emanzini ukuze ihlumela liqale ukuqala izimpande. Kulokhu, ukusikwa okunempilo okubili kuphela kwanele. Kodwa-ke, uma umgomo ukuvela okusheshayo kwamaqabunga esixhaphozi sokuqala, khona-ke udinga ukubekezela lapho kwakheka inani elikhulu kakhulu lezimpande.
I-Monster Roots
Ukusakazeka by stem ukusika
Enye inketho ethandwa ukusakazeka kwezitshalo ukusebenzisa izinqubo zezimpawu njengesixhobo sokutshala. Iziqu zidinga ukukhethwa ukuze zibe nama-buds amakhulu amaningana. Le ngxenye etshaliwe isetshenziselwa emhlabathini ngenso phansi. Asikho isidingo sokugcwalisa ngomhlabathi ovela phezulu.
Umthetho obalulekile wokunakekelwa kuzoba ukunisela okungapheli nokufafaza ungqimba lomhlabathi olwedlulele. Ukuze ulondoloze i-microclimate ethile eduze nendawo efike kuyo, kunconywa ukuyimboza ngefilimu evikelayo. Lokhu kuzovumela isitshalo ukuthi sikhule ngokushesha futhi sithathe izimpande zokuqala. Akumele sikhohlwe ukufaka umoya ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuphakamisa ifilimu. Ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpande zokuqala, isiqu kudingeka sidluliselwe endaweni yokuhlala yaphakade. Ukuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala ngeke kukwenze ulinde isikhathi eside, imvamisa kunesimo senhliziyo. Ngemuva kwalokho ziphenduka kancane zibe ngamahlamvu amakhulu wesimo esibaziweyo.
Ungayisika kanjani i-monstera
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuzalela i-monstera.
Nakani! Ama-cuttings yiwona athandwa kakhulu futhi alula kuwo. Izimbumbulu kufanele zithathwe ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nendawo noma ezingaphezulu zesitshalo, kodwa ihlumela kumele okungenani libe nehlumela elilodwa.
Eminye imithetho yokusabalalisa kwezitshalo:
- phatha inhlabathi ngomuthi ovuselela ukwakheka nokukhula kwezimpande;
- beka izengezo esitsheni se-opaque esinamanzi amile okwesithathu kwezinsuku ezintathu;
- amanzi kufanele abe lokushisa lasekamelweni, ungangeza okusha okusha;
- lapho kuvela izimpande ezintsha ezimbili noma ezintathu, zingatshalwa ngokuphephile ebhodweni.
Ingxube enjalo ye-substrate ilungele kahle ukutshala isitshalo (zonke izinto zithathwa ngokulingana):
- i-turf;
- Peat;
- isihlabathi somfula;
- humus.
Ungasithatha kanjani isibhamu esivela e-monstera
Ukuze usakaze isitshalo ngezandla zakho, ungathatha noma iyiphi ingxenye imbali:
- ukusikwa kwesiqu - indlela elula nesebenzayo, ethela izithelo ngokushesha okukhulu;
- ukusikwa kwe-apical - inketho elula, imvamisa kuholela empumelelweni;
- amaqabunga - awasetshenziswa kaningi, ngoba awakwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola izimpande;
- izimpande ze-aarat - indlela esindayo, kodwa indlela enokwethenjelwa nenokwethenjelwa yokwenziwa kabusha;
- imbewu inqubo ende futhi enzima. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuzalanisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezintsha.
Ukubamba phansi emanzini
Kubalulekile! Izinqubo kufanele zinqunywe ngokucophelela, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uthathe futhi udabule amaqabunga noma iziqongo, lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane. Lapho kuthathwa ihlumela, izinsimbi (isikele) kumele zibulawe amagciwane, uma kungenjalo ubungozi be-chlorosis yezitshalo buphakeme kakhulu (amaqabunga aphuzi futhi ngokushesha aqhume).
Ukusakazwa izimpande zasemoyeni
Ukuveza kabusha imbali ngamahlumela anezimpande zasemoyeni kuthiwa. Ukutshela iqiniso, le ndlela, eyenziwe ngokuzimela, idinga umzamo othile. Kepha uma siqhathanisa nezindlela ezichazwe ngenhla, lapha singasho ngephesenti elilodwa eliqinisekisa ukuthi ukuzala kuzophumelela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthola ihlumela ngezimpande zomoya ezinkulu kakhulu bese udala umswakama ophezulu. Ukufeza lokhu, ungamboza izimpande nge-moss, okumelwe kuniselwe noma kufafazwe nsuku zonke. Ukuze ama-moss angasebenzi, kungakuhle ukuwusonga ngokusuka esiqwini usebenzisa ifilimu evamile. Lokhu akuvimbi ukuthi izimpande zikhule ngokushesha.
Kalula nje, ungasabalalisa ngokuzimela isitshalo ngezimpande zomoya, ngaphandle kokuwasika. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, ihlumela lingakhula ngisho namaqabunga amaningana. Lapho izimpande ziba namandla, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukusika esiqwini bese ususa isiqu, bese usitshala endaweni yokuhlala yaphakade.
Ukusakazwa kweLeaf
Inketho yokuzala amahlamvu we-botanical ibhekwa njengengasebenzi futhi ingekho ngempumelelo. Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi lapho iqabunga liqhekeka ngengozi. Kulokhu, ifakwa nesiqu emanzini futhi nezimpande kulindeleke ukuthi zikhulule. Ukuze iqabunga ligxile emhlabathini futhi ikhule i-monstera ephelele kuyo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ikhule izimpande eziningi. Ukuze ubambe amanzi amaningi, kuyalulekwa ukukhetha isitsha esikhulu.
Njengezinye izindlela, ukuzala kabusha kwe-petal kunezihibe zayo:
- izimpande zikhula kancane. Ukuthola uhlelo oluphelele lwezimpande, udinga ukulinda okungenani inyanga;
- iqabunga lingoma ngaphambi kokuba izimpande ziqale ukuvela.
Nakani! Izimpande zezimbali azikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga, ngakho-ke izitsha kufanele zibe opaque. Ngemuva kokuba izimpande sezikhulile, zidluliselwa emhlabathini. Ukuqanjwa kwalo kuyafana nalokho okusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokuzalela.
Ngabe kutholakala imbewu ye-monstera
Ukuveliswa kabusha kwe-monstera isebenzisa imbewu kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi enzima, isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ngabathengisi abanolwazi lokuzala izinhlobo ezintsha zezimbali, ngakho-ke le ndlela ayifanele ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya.
Ngabe imbewu ibukeka kanjani
Ungasiphula kanjani isilo
Olunye uhlobo lokusakazwa kwezitshalo lukhula enhlabathini. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungisusa kanjani i-monster enhlabathini, udinga ukulandela izinyathelo ngezinyathelo:
- Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, thela isihlabathi noma i-peat substrate. Thela esitsheni;
- izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi elifanele ukuze ihlumela liqale izimpande, cishe ngo-26 ° C nangaphezulu. Umswakama - ukhuphukile;
- ukwenza izimo ezishisayo ze-monstera zikhule kalula, imbiza idinga ukumbozwa ngefilimu yokunamathisela;
- ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu ihlumela lizoqala izimpande zokuqala, kuzoba ziningi zazo. Lapho kukhula uhlelo lwezimpande olukhulu, luyothatha kangcono izimpande;
- faka ihlumela ebhodweni ngomhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Okubi ngale ndlela yokuzala ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukukhula, isiqu siba namandla futhi sikhule, kepha hhayi phansi. Lapho, kuzobukeka okufanayo nalapho utshala isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, i-monstera encane ingaphula kalula.
Kulesi simo, kunezindlela ezimbili zokuxazulula inkinga. Zingasetshenziswa ngokuhlukile futhi ngokuhlanganiswa:
- thatha izinqubo zokuqala eziminyene;
- yenza ukusekela kwesitshalo.
Enye indlela yokubamba igatsha enhlabathini iqondile. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unqume inqubo yesigaxa okungenani nama-buds amathathu bese uyibeka emhlabathini. Ukwakheka kufanele kube lula, isibonelo, i-sphagnum nesihlabathi somfula. Igatsha alidingi ukumbozwa ngomhlabathi, kubalulekile ukuthi izinso elilodwa zilele emhlabathini. Ngokwengeziwe kulokhu:
- dinga ukuchelela njalo nokufafaza isithasiselo;
- amboze isitsha ngefilimu;
- ngemuva kokuba izinqubo zokuqala nezimpande zenziwe, isiqu sidluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Ungasiphula kanjani isilozi ngendlela efanele
Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi ngemuva kokuncipha imbali ekhula kahle, ukusikwa okuhleliwe kusala, kubizwa nangokuthi iziqongo. Zingasetshenziselwa nokukhiqiza. Ukuze kube nokubuna, iziqongo zibekwa endaweni ewuketshezi noma etshalwe endaweni yokwakha umswakama. Inqubo yokwenziwa kwezimpande kuzo ivame ukuthatha amasonto amathathu.
Ungasitshala kanjani isilo
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthi ubheke iminyaka yobudala besakhiwo, ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, esemncane, phakathi nendawo futhi uvuthiwe. Eminyakeni emine yokuqala yokuphila, imbali kumele itshalwe kabusha njalo ngonyaka maphakathi nentwasahlobo, yandisa ivolumu imbiza yezimbali.
Inqubo yokufakelwa
Eminyakeni emine elandelayo, lapho ukukhula nokukhula kwembali sekusebenza kakhulu, kuzothatha ukufakelwa okumbili kuya kwesine ngonyaka. Lapho isitshalo sesivuthiwe futhi sifinyelela usayizi omkhulu, ukufakelwa kungashiywa. Esikhundleni salokho, kungakuhle ukuthi ungene esikhundleni sendawo yaphezulu nge-primer entsha yezimbiwa.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo kwesinye isikhathi sibhekana nezifo ezahlukahlukene kusuka ekushodeni noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhanya okweqile kwelanga futhi ngenxa yenani elincane lokunisela. Kaningi, imbali ihlaselwa yisibungu sesicabucabu, kubalulekile ukunikeza isitshalo amaminerali nomanyolo ngesikhathi ukugwema lokhu.
Nakani! Uma ulandela yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa, i-monstera ingakhula futhi ikhule ize ifinyelele eminyakeni eyi-10.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokusakaza i-monstera, indlela elula futhi ephumelela kunazo zonke yokusakazeka ukusikwa. Kodwa abalimi batusa ukugwema ukusakazeka kwembewu, ngoba ezimweni eziningi akunakwenzeka ukuzenza ngokwakho ekhaya. Ukuze ukhule kahle i-monstera, kufanele usebenzise izeluleko eziningilizayo ezivela kochwepheshe. Ukukhula nokukhula kwembali kuzoncika kukhwalithi yokunakekelwa.
