Njengoba umkhuba wabalimi abaningi ubonisa, onogwaja ababeletha ibhizinisi elizuzisa kakhulu, ngakho akumangazi ukuthi osomabhizinisi abaningi banesithakazelo ekuqaliseni izimo zokubambisana. Yiqiniso, uma unethuba nemali, ungakwazi ukwakha izinkimbinkimbi eziningi zokuzalanisa lezi zilwane ezinhle neziphefumulayo, kodwa ezimweni zesikhala esinqunyiwe uhlelo lokuchitha ukugcina onogwaja luyoba yisisombululo esihle.
Yiziphi izinhlaka
Ukuhlanza kungabizwa ngokuthi i-mini mini-epulazi lezinogwaja, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba ukwandise ukukhiqizwa kwenyama nokubala ngokunembile inani lokudla okudliwe yizilwane, ngisho nangonyaka kusengaphambili. Kalula nje, uma unesithakazelo ekwandiseni imikhiqizo edayiswayo futhi unciphisa izindleko zomkhiqizo wokukhiqizwa kwazo, khona-ke uhlelo lokuchitha yilokho okudingayo.
Uyazi? Umlando wokuzalanisa unogwaja waqala cishe eminyakeni engaba ngu-4 000 edlule. Izinsalela zamapulazi ezinogwaja zokuqala zalesi sizukulwane zatholakala ngesikhathi sokucwaningwa kwezinto zakudala eSpain nasePortugal.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, le nketho yokulondoloza nokulondoloza onogwaja isiye yazuza ukuthandwa kakhulu kokubili okusetshenziselwa ukuzimela kanye nemibandela yamabhizinisi wonke. Ikuvumela ukuba uhlehlise wonke ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko ekwenzeni ukwelashwa kogwaja: ukuvuna umquba, ukudla (kufaka phakathi utshani lokudla noma utshani) nokuphuza izilwane.Ngokuvamile, isondlo esilahlekelwa onogwaja sinikeza Ukwakhiwa komcibisholo ngamakamelo ahlukene-, amabili noma amathathu-tiered efakwe ngaphansi kwawo (angabuye afakwe emigqeni eminingana). Ukubukeka kwamabhodlela kufana nokudonswa kwe-rectangular evamile, nakuba ngokusebenzayo basiza ukulondoloza isikhala. Amakheji omuthi onogwaja abadala kumele ahlukaniswe eminyangweni yokubeletha nokunakekela ngosizo lomtholampilo okhethekile. Iminyango emibili iphoswe ngaphambili kwegumbi: umnyango ogijimayo, ovulela ukufinyelela ekamelweni eliphezulu, kanye nomnyango wokuhlola, okuvumela ukuba ubheke isigceme sokubeletha.
Ngokuphelele, i-shed ejwayelekile ingakwazi ukufaka amakheji angama-72, ama-32 awo aklanyelwe ukusekela abesifazane, kuyilapho ezinye zihloselwe abesilisa nabanogwaja abasha ukuba baphile ngesikhathi sokukhulisa.
Ukulondolozwa kwezinogwaja emasimini akulona uhlobo oluthile lwesistimu, ngoba epulazini ngalinye elihlukile ipulazi elinjalo lakhiwa ngaphandle kokunamathela kumasayizi omzimba afanayo nobungcweti, futhi imishini ingase ihluke ekuklanyeni kwayo.
Izinzuzo zokugcina onogwaja emasimini
Kunezinzuzo eziningi zokwakha izithombo zomunogwaja. Okokuqala, ngendlela enamandla yokwenza amaseli, uzokwazi ukuthuthukisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwepulazi. Okwesibili, ikhefu elakhiwe onogwaja lizogcina ngokukhululekile isikhala. Okwesithathu, kuhlale kunokwenzeka ukuthi ukulungiswa kwalesi sakhiwo kuhambisane nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amathuba okugcina abantu abaningi ezindaweni ezimnandi futhi ngokuhlukana. Futhi, isakhiwo esinjalo sizovikela izilwane ekushiseni kwelanga kanye nemidwebo, futhi uma kunesidingo, ungakwazi ukulungisa ukushisa ngokufaka izinhlelo zokushisa (ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sasebusika).
Ngokuqondene nokushiyeka, okuyinhloko ukunciphisa izinga lokuzalwa, elinciphisa laba okrolov ayisithupha ngonyaka. Uma ungawushisi ama-sheds, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokubanda ukuzala kuyoba nzima. Ukufudumala izitsha zokuphuza kanye nomama ophuza utshwala ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa ukuthola unyaka wonke futhi ukwandise umkhiqizo.
Uhlelo lokuhambisa ukugcina onogwaja: izimo zezulu ezidingekayo
Phakathi kwezinhlelo ezikhona zokugcina onogwaja, ama-Sheds ahloniphekile ukuze kube lula nokusebenza nokugcinwa, kepha uma uwakha, izici zesimo sezulu nesimo sokukhanyisa asikwazi ukunakwa.
Ukukhanyisa i-Rabbit
Lapho uzalisa onogwaja ungakhohlwa lokho lezi zilwane zidinga ukukhanya kwemvelo, kodwa lapho kungekho khona imidwebo. Noma kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela amangqamuzana ukuthi angaboniswa ilanga eliqondile, ukuze angadluli. Uma ungenalo ithuba lokunikeza ukukhanya okungokwemvelo okungcono, khona-ke ungasebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya yemvelo (kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ntambama).
Ukushisa nomswakama
Ukushisa okujwayelekile emagqumeni onogwaja kunesilinganiso esingaphezu kwamazinga angama-2.6 ngaphezulu kunezinga lokushisa ngaphandle: ebusika lesi sibalo sikhulu ngo-2.9 ° C kanti ehlobo ngu-2.3 ° C. Uphahla kanye nezindonga zizovikela lesi sakhiwo ekungeneni kwemvula, kodwa i-microclimate ngaphakathi kwesikhalazo izoncika ezimweni zesimo sezulu.
Kubalulekile! Ukushisa kwe-subzero ngesikhathi sasebusika kuphazamisa ukuvunwa komquba futhi kuvimbela ukuchelela okuzenzekelayo kogwaja. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuhlanza umquba kuphela ngenkathi efudumele - entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.Ukushisa okulungile lapho okuqukethwe kogwaja kungu-12 ° C kuya ku-+18 ° C, nakuba ukubekezelelana kwe-+/- 5 ° C kubhekwa futhi kuyamukeleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zilwane kunzima ukubekezelela ukushintshashintsha okubukhali ezinkomba zokushisa emini nasemini. Ukushisa kwe--30 ° C no-+30 ° C kuyizinto eziyingozi kakhulu, ngoba ezimweni ezinjalo isilwane singaphila izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela: izinhlayiya ziqala ukulimala futhi zife ngokushesha.
Ukuvimbela ukwehla okubalulekile ekushiseni emakhazeni ebusika, kuphakanyiswa ukusebenzisa amabhokisi neziphuzo ezifudumele, lokho kuzovumela ukufezekisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-okolov unyaka wonke kanye nomfaniswano, ngenxa yalokho umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza uzokwanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuveza ukuthi kungenzeka nokusebenzisa amabhethri eselula angenawo amakhemikhali anama-cell blocks (eyenzelwe ukugcina abesifazane abanogwaja kuze kube yilapho uqobo, noma onogwaja abayisithupha ubudala). Lawa mabhethri afakwe konke okudingekayo ukuze ukuphila okunethezeka kwezilwane: abaxhasi, abaphuzayo, ama-racks kanye nama-hoses.
Ngokuqondene nomswakama womoya emagqumeni, lesi sibonakaliso kufanele sibe sezingeni lika-65-70%, ngoba umswakama ophakeme noma ukomile okunyukayo akubekezeleleki kakhulu izilwane.
Indlela yokudala izimo zokukhwabanisa ezinogwini
Kubalulekile ukucabanga ngezimo zesikhathi esizayo zokugcina onogwaja endaweni yesakhiwo. Okokuqala, kufanele uqaphele ukhetho olufanele ngobukhulu besakhiwo, nakuba singakufanele sikhohlwe ngezici zokwakhiwa kwamaseli: ukufinyelela okungenakunqunywa emaceleni okuhlanza nokulondla izilwane.
Okufanele kube yi-shed: ubukhulu bokuqukethwe okunethezeka
Ngokwezindinganiso ezamukelwe Isayizi lokukhwabanisa onogwaja kufanele lisekelwe ngobukhulu bendawo ngayinye. Ngokwesilinganiso, lokhu kungu-0.17-0.23 m³ nge-non-tribal specimen kanye no-0.1 m³ ngamunye. Ngalesi sizathu, ubungako obuncane obungavumelekile besayizi wezinyosi kubhekwa njengama-60 cm ubude bezinambuzane ezincane kanye no-100 cm wabanogwaja abadala. Ububanzi beseli esinjalo kufanele kube ngu-80 cm no-40 cm, ngokulandelana.
Ukwakhiwa kwendawo echithekile kuyisakhiwo sensimbi noma sokhuni esihlanganiswe negridi. Ubukhulu bendawo eyodwa ngayinye kuyoba yilowo nalowo, ngokuya kohlobo lwezilwane neminyaka yabo. Futhi, uma uhlela, kubalulekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi engxenyeni evamile ekhethiwe yamaseli inikezelwe abesifazane, kanti abanye basatshalaliswa phakathi kwamadoda nabancane.
Uyazi? Inketho ejwayelekile ibhekwa njengophethiwe ngamamitha angu-30-50 ubude namamitha amathathu ububanzi, kodwa uma udinga lonke ipulazi, lezi zilinganiso zingalungiswa ngendlela oyithandayo.Ezakhiweni zezilinganiso zezimboni, ukuhlinzekwa ngamanzi nokudla okuzenzekelayo, kanye nokuhlanzwa komquba, kutholakala ngokushesha. Konke okusele kumlimi ukuhlola isimo semfuyo kanye nokuphatha okwesikhashana. Ezakhiweni ezincane ezizimele, iningi lezinqubo ezikhulunywe ngazo kuzodingeka zenziwe ngesandla.
Kungcono ukubeka insikazi enenhlakeni enesisindo esingu 90 * 80 * 40 cm, engaphansi kwayo eyenziwe ngamapulangwe epulasitiki noma ngamapulangwe (ubukhulu nobubanzi balezi zingxenye kufanele kube ngu-25 mm). Ezingxenyeni zombili zomzila wesitimela (igebe phakathi kwabo akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-14 cm), zigcwele umshini wensimbi wesentimitha amahlanu. Zonke ezinye izakhi zamaseli zingenziwa ngezigqoko ezihlanganiswe ngamaseli angaba 25 * 25 noma 16 * 48 cm. Umphuzi kanye nesondlo kumele afakwe emdongeni wangaphambili wamaseli.
Izindwangu zomuntu ongenawo yedwa yidonga elide kakhulu, enesigcawu phakathi, ezinhlangothini zombili lapho kukhona imigqa ngamaseli. Kulesi simo, ubukhulu bamaseli aselejiwe yizintambo ezingu-90, 70 no-40. Uphahla lwalolu hlobo luhlangene kabili. Ezingxenyeni ezimbili zomphakathi, le ndima ibuye ibe phakathi, imigqa emibili kuphela yamaseli ifakwa ezinhlangothini ezimbili kuma-tiers amabili. Njengokwesimo sokuqala, uphahla lugxile emaceleni futhi lunezinhlangothi ezimbili zombili (okuhloswe ukukhanyisa ipulazi elincane lomvundla).
Ububanzi obuhle bendima buhambisana no-120-130 cm, kanti nasezindongeni zokuphela kwegazi, liphela ngomnyango. Ukuze unikeze ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe, amafasitela amancane nemishayo angenziwa ngemuva kwamaseli. Ebusika bavaliwe nge-flap, futhi abaxhasi nabaphuza baphonswa eminyango ngaphakathi kwamakamelo.
I-Rabbit Hygiene: Izici Zokuklama Ukuhlanzwa Kwe-Shed
Unogwaja ozalisayo emakhanda uhlinzekela ukuhambisana nemigomo ethile kanye nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka. Uma kuqhathaniswa lezi zilwane ezinomlilo nezinye izilwane, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi zizwela kakhulu ezimweni zokuhlanzeka, okusho ukuthi zigcinwe kangcono emaceleni ahlukene, okumele ahlanzwe okungenani kabili ngesonto. Futhi uma kugcinwa endlini, ukuhanjiswa okuvamile kunconywa. Ukuhlanza okulula, ama-trays aphendukekayo kufanele abe ngaphansi kwekhasi ngalinye.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukuthi ungakhondi phansi ngaphansi kwezinduku, ngoba kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukuhlanza ubuso obuningi. Lokhu kuthonya elibi kakhulu emkhatsini we-microclimate we-shed. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamangqamuzana igcina umchamo, futhi indwangu (uma ufaka i-lime kanye ne-peat) ingathathwa ngezikhathi ezithile emasimini ngosizo lwederitha elincane.Lapho ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezichazwe endaweni engalingani kule ndima, iphansi lenziwe, liphakanyiswe ngaphezu komhlaba (40-50 cm). Kulezi zihlahla, umquba uhlanzwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Ngesondlo sokukhishwa kwamakhono ngokuvamile linikeza ilungiselelo lokuthuthwa kwamanzi, okuyindawo ejwayelekile eyenziwe ngamapayipi ase-asbestos. Ihlanganiswe phansi ekhoneni, futhi kufanele idlule ngaphansi komugqa ngamunye wamaseli. Ngosizo lwama-ewage anjalo, uhlanga lugeleza ngaphakathi kwesitsha esivaliwe (umgqomo) noma ngokushesha ku-cesspool yendlu yangasese.
Izakhiwo zezinkuni noma zensimbi ngokuvamile ziba njengengxenye ebhekene negazi, kanti insimu emkhatsini wamaseli ihlanganiswe nge-double-slope slolate flooring ehlanganisa imigqa yamabhuloki. Kulesi simo, izinsipho ezingena emigodini yomquba kufanele zisuswe ngesandla ngezihlangu ezikhethekile zokubamba ezifakwe endimeni phakathi kwamakhanda.
Uhlelo lokudonsa onogwaja okhulayo: ingabe kukhona okukhethekile ekudleni
Zonke izinhlobo zezinsika zomunogwa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa zihlonyelwe umgwaqo wokumiswa ohloselwe ukuthutha ukudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ezinjalo kufanele zihlonywe ngamanzi (mhlawumbe zisebenzisa amapayipi e-polyethylene).
Ngokulondolozwa kwesisindo sogwaja kunokwenzeka ukuthi izifo zesilwane zanda kakhulu. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi senzakalo yizinga eliphakeme lomswakama nokungalingani kokudla, okuyinto, futhi, ichazwa yi juiciness of the feed, okungukuthi, utshani fresh nemifino. Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzizwa uzwela kangakanani ngamacala akho, inani lemikhiqizo ekudleni kufanele lincishiswe ngokususa ngokucophelela izinsalela zabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi abanolwazi bayaluleka ukuba balandele iphethini elilandelayo lokudla: ehlobo - sebenzisa ifolishi elixubekile utshani obomile kahle, kanye nefolda ehlanganisiwe yasebusika kanye ne-vitamin hay.
Ngaphandle kwalesi simiso kukhona ukukhipha unogwaja, kodwa kulokhu kubalulekile ukuwanika ukudla okuqinisekisiwe kuphela futhi ngobuningi obulinganiselwe.
Ukuqonda yini echithekayo nokuthi ungayakha kanjani kusayithi lakho, Ungakwazi ukuzala onogwaja ngempumelelo kuphi ngaphandle kwezifunda lapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi liwela ngaphansi kwe -30 ° C futhi likhuphuka ngenhla + 35 ° C.
