ICattleya Orchid - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, ukufakelwa, izinhlobo zezithombe nezinhlobonhlobo

ICattleya (Cattleya) - omunye wabameli abahle kakhulu bohlobo lwama-orchid. Lesi sitshalo se-epiphytic sangemvelo ngokwemvelo sihlala kumagxolo ezihlahla noma phakathi kwamatshe futhi sithola umsoco waso ngosizo lohlelo oluthuthukisiwe lwezimpande zasemoyeni. Izwe laseCattleya orchid liyindawo eshisayo yaseNingizimu Melika kanye naseMelika Ephakathi.

Isici esiyingqayizivele sale orchid ukuba khona kwama-pseudobulbs amade aqukethe amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izimbali ezinkulu ezinkulu ezimangalisa ziyavela kulesi simila. Amapulazi abo angaba mncane, abe mude, ayindilinga, ahlanganisiwe, njll. Zipendiwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene: ukusuka kokumhlophe nomnqumo kuya kwegolide naku-lilac-raspberry. Imbali ibuye ibe nezindebe zesimo esingajwayelekile nomthunzi ohlukile nasemaqandeni.

Bona futhi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ama-orchid afana ne-dendrobium ne-vanda.

ICattleya Orchid: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Cattleya orchid ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Cattleya Orchid Bloom

Isitshalo seCattleya orchid ekhaya eziqhakaza kuphela lapho sifinyelela eminyakeni ethile nosayizi. Ngokuvamile, ukhipha izimbali kuqala ukwakha lezo zimo ezine-pseudobulbs ezi-4 noma ngaphezulu ezivuthiwe.

Izimbali zeCattleya zinobuhle obumangalisayo, imibala ehlukahlukene nephunga elimnandi elimnandi. Ukuze izimbali zihlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, isitshalo, emva kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu, sisuswa elangeni eliqondile ethunzini elithile.

Ungayenza kanjani imbali ye-orya orchid

Ukuze uCattleya orchid ajwayele ukujabulisa ngokuqhakaza okuningana futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukuhlela izimo zokuphila ezintofontofo kunazo zonke: ukukhanya okukhanyayo, umswakama womoya olinganiselayo, ukuthambisa okufanele, njll.

Njengesilinganiso esengeziwe sokushukumisa kwezimbali, kunconywa ukuthi lesi sitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula esisebenzayo sibe nomehluko emazingeni okushisa aphakathi nobusuku okungenani ayi-7 ° C.

Imodi yokushisa

ICattleya idinga ukufudumala ukuze ikhule ngokusebenzayo kanye nentuthuko: ngesikhathi sasemini, izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele libe + 22- + 25 ° С, ebusuku - kufanele lehle liye ku + 18 ° С. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa egumbini elipholile elinokushisa komoya okungu-+ 10 ° C.

Ukufafaza

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Cattleya orchid ekhaya akudingeki ukuthi kufakwe umcimbi onjengokufafaza. Lokhu kungenziwa uma kudingekile ukwandisa umswakama egumbini lapho lesi sitshalo sikhona, ngenkathi singavumeli amaconsi amanzi ukuba awele amahlumela amasha futhi namaphuzu wokukhula.

Isibani

Ukuze kwakheke izimbali zezimbali nezimbali ezalandela zeCattleya, ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo njalo kuyadingeka. Kodwa-ke, ngezinsuku ezishisayo, lesi sitshalo singashisa ngokweqile ngaphansi kwelanga, ngakho ehlobo ntambama kufanele kube nomthunzi. Lesi silinganiso sizovikela futhi ngokubonakala kokushiswa kwamaqabunga.

Ukuchelela kweCattleya Orchid

Ehlobo, iCattleya ivame ukuniselwa, kepha i-substrate ivunyelwe ukoma phakathi kwamanzi. Lapho wenza ukuthambisa okungaphezulu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama awuhlali emahlumela amancane esitshalo, lokhu kungadala ukubukeka kokubola.

Indlela engcono yokuthambisa umswakama ongaphansi ngokufaka ebhodweni kwesinye isitsha samanzi imizuzu engama-20-30. Ungaba futhi nesihlambi esifudumele ngezikhathi ezithile.

Cattleya Orchid Pot

Amandla okukhula kweCattleya ingaba yinoma yisiphi: isitshalo sigcinwa emabhodleleni epulasitiki noma e-ceramic, kubhasikidi olengayo namabhodwe, phezu kwezingcezu zamagxolo. Uma imbali ikhule ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe, lapho ukhetha imbiza yayo, kufanele ucabange ngokushesha ngokufakelwa okuzayo.

Kubalulekile ukukwenza ngendlela yokuthi unciphise ukulimala okungase kube khona ohlelweni lwezimpande, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthatha imbiza engeke ibe nesihawu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukusikwa noma ukuphulwa uma kunesidingo.

Inhlabathi

Ukulima i-Cattleya yangaphakathi, basebenzisa i-orchid substrate ekhethekile, ethengiswa ezitolo zezimbali, noma balungisa ingxube yomhlabathi ngokwabo, bexuba izingcezu zekheyini zikaphayini obukhulu ne-polystyrene kanye nemicu ye-sphagnum moss.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

I-Cattleya ekhaya orchid idinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhula, lesi sitshalo sihlanganiswa ngamalungiselelo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, kamuva kusetshenziswa umquba we-phosphorus ne-potassium. Lapho ulungiselela izixazululo zezakhi, qapha ngokucophelela umthamo womanyolo, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwawo ngokweqile kungaholela ekufeni kohlelo lwezimpande. I-Cattleya ngokweqile ibuye ivuse ukukhula okuthe xaxa kokuluhlaza ngokulimaza izimbali.

Ukufakelwa

UCattleya akakuthandi ukukhathazwa ngohlelo lwazo, Ngakho-ke, kufanele zitshalwe kuphela uma kunesidingo sangempela: lapho isitshalo sigcwala kakhulu embizeni noma lapho isakhi esidala sicishe sabola.

Ukufakelwa kweCattleya orchid kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: isitshalo "sidonswa ngokucophelela" ngokusisusa ebhodweni kanye ne-substrate, sihlanza inhlabathi endala ngamanzi. Izimpande ezonakalisiwe futhi eziwohlokile ziyagawulwa, izingcezwana ziphathwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe. I-substrate entsha ifakwe isikhashana emanzini, ivunyelwe ukugaya, emva kwalokho isitshalo sibekwe ngokucophelela ebhodweni elisha.

Izihlahla

Sika Cattleya akudingekile. Ukuze ulondoloze ukubukeka okukhangayo, kungenzeka futhi kuyadingeka ukususa ngezikhathi ezithile amaqabunga alimile, izimbali ezonakele nama-peduncle amadala.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Isikhathi sokuphumula esihlelwe kahle seCattleya siyisidingo sokuqhakaza kwazo okuvama futhi kube nokuchichima. Ukuze lesi sitshalo siphumule ngangokunokwenzeka futhi sithole amandla ngaphambi kwenkathi entsha, sibekwa egumbini elipholile ngokulinganayo, elikhanyiswe kahle, kuyilapho ukunisela kuncishiswa kube okuncane (kuphela ukuze kulondolozwe i-turgor yamaqabunga kanye ne-bulb), ukondla kuyamiswa.

Cattleya orchid okusakazwa yizingane

Izingane ezivame ukuvela esitshalweni sikamama zihlukaniswa ngokucophelela, ziphathwe ngesivuseleli sokukhula futhi sitshalwe emgodini ongaphansi olungiselelwe. Izitshalo ezincane zihlela izimo ezifanayo zokukhula njengezinhlobo zabantu abadala.

Ukukhishwa kweCattleya orchid ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Abantu abadala, izitshalo ezakhiwe kahle zizala kalula ngokwahlukana okulula. Inqubo inconywa kanjena:

1. Nisela i-orchid kakhulu bese uyishiya amahora amaningi ukuze izimpande zigcwele umswakama.
2. Susa ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo ebhodweni bese usula ngokucophelela, kepha hlambulula ngokucophelela izimpande emanzini afudumele ukususa i-substrate endala.
3. Ngommese obukhali obonakele ngaphambi kwegciwane, hlukanisa isihlahla sibe yizingxenye ukuze ngalinye libe nezinhlamvu ezingama-3 okungenani nezimpande eziqinile ezinempilo. Fafaza izingcezu ngamalahle achotshoziwe.
4. U-Delenki otshalwe emabhodweni ngamunye.

Ukusakazwa kweCattleya ngale ndlela kuhlanganiswe kahle nokufakelwa kwesitshalo ukuze kungamphazamisi futhi ngokukhohlisa ngohlelo lwezimpande.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

ICattleya orchid isitshalo esidinga ukuphendula ngobuhlungu emaphutheni lapho siyinakekela. Izinkinga zempilo zingafaka lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Amabala ansundu ansundu emaqabunga eCattleya. Bakufakazela ukuthi isitshalo sikude kakhulu elangeni. Ama-Burns awalapheki, i-orchid kufanele ifakwe umthunzi kusuka elangeni lasemini.
• Ukubukeka kweqabunga leCattleya. Ngokwayo, akusona isibonakaliso salesi sifo, lesi sitshalo kufanele sibhekwe eduze, futhi uma kuvela ezinye izimpawu ezesabekayo, qhubeka nokwelashwa okudingekayo.
• Ukugoba okumpunga okumpunga kumaqabunga eCattleya (ukubola okungwevu). Imvamisa kuvela lapho isitshalo sigcinwa egumbini elipholile kakhulu elinomswakama omkhulu. Lesi sifo siphathwa ngempumelelo ngama-ejenti wesimanje we-fungicidal.
• Ukubola okumnyama. Kuvela ngenxa yokubuka amanzi, izimpande ngokweqile noma i-nitrogen ngokweqile endaweni engaphansi. Zonke izindawo ezilinyazwe yilesi sifo ziyasuswa, ngemuva kokomiswa kwezingxenye, lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-fung fung.
• I-Grey plaque kumaqabunga kanye efihlekile yeCattleya (i-powdery isikhutha). Izimbangela zokwenzeka: i-nitrogen ngokweqile, umswakama ophezulu ekushiseni komoya okuphezulu. Ukwelashwa - ukwelashwa nge-fungicide.
• Amaqabunga eCattleya aphenduka aphuzi futhi ambozwa ngamabala ansundu (amabala ebacteria). Izinguquko ezinjalo ekubukeni zingumphumela wokungahambisani nombuso wokunisela ngokuhambisana nokushisa komoya okuphezulu kakhulu. Zonke izindawo ezonakele zisuswa ngommese obukhali we-disinfis, ngemuva kokuhlanjululwa yinkomo ngokulungiswa kwe-fungicidal.

Ngaphezu kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nesikhunta, ama-orchid angathinteka yizilokazane: ama-mealybug, ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezikala, izibungu zesicabucabu. Izinambuzane ezikhethekile zisiza ukuqeda imbali yezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Izinhlobo ze-Cattleya orchid ikhaya elinezithombe namagama

Cattleya hybrida (Cattleya hybrida)

Igama elihlanganisa iqembu lezinhlobo ezi-hybrid ezitholwe ngokuwela isipanji seCattleya nezindlela zalo eziningi.

Cattleya x venosa

Uhlobo oluhlangene, olugeleza kahle ngezimbali ezinhle ezinamaphara amade aluhlaza okotshani kanye nezindebe ezincane zohlaza okotshani obunsomi onombala ophuzi phakathi nendawo.

Cattleya Earl Impadium

Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwayo ezinombala wembali yezimbali: amacembe amhlophe atholakala ngobuningi azungeze izindebe ezinkulu ezinhle zomthunzi ofanayo onendawo enolamula ophuzi phakathi nendawo.

Cattleya Eclipse

I-hybrid ejwayelekile enezimbali ezinkulu zesimo esingajwayelekile: amacembe amancane acwebezelayo wohlaza onsomi owenziwe ngesiphundu udebe olude onsomi, ehlotshiswe ngegridi yemithambo ekhanyayo onsomi.

Cattleya Miyuki

Izinhlobonhlobo zoqobo ezikhula ngokushesha, zibonakaliswa izimbali eziningi. Ama-inflorescence amaningi ahlanganisa izimbali eziqhakazile namacembe omthunzi omuhle we-raspberry nezindebe zombala ogcwele we-violet-orange.

Cattleya Luteous Forb

Isitshalo esinamakhompiyutha aqhakaza kabili ngonyaka ngezimbali eziluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza okwenziwe ngomlomo wegolide elihle nephunga elimnandi kakhulu.