UGuernia - okhulayo nokunakekelwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

IGuernia (Huernia) - isitshalo esivuthayo esinamandla somndeni wamaNjiva, uhlala ezindaweni ezinamadwala zase-Afrika nase-Arabia kanye nasemafasiteleni abalimi abangama-amateur. Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaba ngu-50. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i- guernia yiNingizimu neMpumalanga Afrika.

Ngenqubo yokukhula, i-guernia yakha iziqu eziningi ezinamahlamvu ezinamanzi kusuka ku-5 cm kuye ku-1.5 m ubude. Ama-shoot angaba mkhulu, aqine noma aqonde, ezinhlotsheni eziningi apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okhanyayo futhi anobuso obubanzi obuhlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukukhanya okuphakathi kwenkanyezi okwenziwe ngenkanyezi ngama-tombals e-burgundy ejulile noma ngotshani ophuzi ophuzi, okuhlotshiswe ngomucu, amabala, amachashazi noma imivimbo, kuyavela ngeziqu.

Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi unaka isitshalo se-stephanotis.

	Izinga lokukhula eliphansi.
	Iqhakaza ehlobo.
	Isitshalo kulula ukusikhulisa.
	I-perennial cactus.

UGuernia: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

Imodi yokushisa	Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo - cishe + 25 ° С, ekwindla nasebusika (ngesikhathi sokuphumula) - cishe + 15 ° С.
Umswakama womoya	Umoya olinganiselayo noma ophansi, omswakama kakhulu ungadala ukubukeka kokubola nezifo.
Isibani	Kugqamile, kuhlakazekile. Emahoreni ntambama, ukufakwa emthunzini ovela elangeni eliqondile kuyadingeka.
Ukunisela	Entwasahlobo nasehlobo iphakathi nezikhathi ezimfishane zokucima kwenhlabathi, ebusika iyindlala.
Inhlabathi	I-Loose, i-alkaline kancane. Ungayipheka ngokwakho: kusuka esihlabathini, engadini kanye namaqabunga ezweni, i-peat namalahle ngokwesilinganiso se-3: 2: 2: 2: 1.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	IGuernia ekhaya ayidingi Umanyolo ojwayelekile, iyondliwa ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kanye ngenyanga ngenhloso yokuncela usizo.
Ukufakelwa kweGuernia	Ngonyaka zezitshalo ezincane, njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3 yezinhlobo zabantu abadala.
Ukuzala	Ama-stem cut cut noma imbewu.
Izici Ezikhulayo	Isitshalo sidinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika.

Ukunakekelwa kweGuernia ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Izimbali ze-guernia

IGuernia ekhaya ivame ukuqhakaza ehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuvela izimbali ezi-stellate eyodwa kweziqu, ziqoqwe ngama-inflorescence ezingcezu ezi-2-8. Imbali ye-guernia yakhiwa ngamathuna agoqeke ngaphandle futhi ahlanganiswe ndawonye, izisekelo zawo ziguqukela ku-tube enkulu.

Umbala wezimbali, njengomthetho, maroon noma uphuzi ophuzi; amathuna angahlotshiswa ngemivimbo egqamile, imivimbo, amabala, amabala, njll. Isitshalo esinezimbali siveza iphunga elingathandeki lokugoqa inyama.

Imodi yokushisa

Lesi sitshalo yi-thermophilic, ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo sizizwa sikhululekile kakhulu ekushiseni komoya okungu-22- + 27 ° С. IGuernia ingakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa okukhulu kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye amahlumela ayo aqothulwe, futhi izimbali zisheshe zibune futhi ziwe.

Ukubhuka ama-buds wezimbali ze-guernia udinga ubusika obupholile.

Ukushisa komoya egumbini lapho isitshalo siphumule khona emakhazeni kufanele kube + 15- + 18 ° С.

Ukufafaza

UGuernia uzizwa emuhle ngomswakama ophansi, ngakho-ke, akadingi ukufafazwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngezinhloso zokuhlanzeka, ukuze ususe uthuli nokungcola kusuka amahlumela, umswakama owedlulele kufanele ususwe ngokushesha ngendwangu noma ngendwangu ethambile.

Isibani

Lesi sitshalo sinezithombe eziningi, unyaka nonyaka sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo okuqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile “kwamukelwa” yi-guernia kuphela ekuseni nakusihlwa kusihlwa, ngezinye izikhathi bangashiya ukushiswa okujulile kwesiqu.

IGuernia ibekwe kangcono empumalanga noma entshonalanga windowsill. Uma ubeka ibhodwe ngesitshalo efasiteleni elisenyakatho, iziqu zalo ziyolulwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, futhi ukuqhakaza kungenzeka kungenzeki nhlobo. Ama-Guernias ahlala emafasiteleni aseningizimu empeleni asemthunzini elangeni lasemini.

Lapho unakekela isitshalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi "iyasetshenziswa" ekhoneni elithile lokukhanya. Ukuyiguqula futhi uyihambise endaweni ngezindawo akunconyiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ubungozi bokulahlekelwa yi-buds yonke eyenziwe nge-guernia mkhulu.

Ukunisela kweGuernia

Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kancane, sivimbele ukuqothuka kanye nokuqina komswakama enhlabathini. Imvamisa yokunisela ngesikhathi sezimila ezisebenzayo isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15. I-guernia yasekhaya idinga isikhathi esifushane somile. Ukumhlelela lezo zimo, i-substrate ephakathi kokunisela imiswa cishe ngesigamu.

Lapho kuqala isikhathi sokunyakaza, ukuthambisa kukhawulelwe ubuncane: moisten in the world no more than 1 time ngenyanga. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuphumula, inhlabathi esembizeni ene-guernia ingoma kangangokuba ingabe isakwazi ukuthola umswakama. Ukuze "unisele" isitshalo esimweni esinjalo, udinga ukufaka ebhodweni esitsheni esijulile esigcwele amanzi isigamu sehora. Ngemuva kokuthi uketshezi luvunyelwe ukumisa bese libeka imbali endaweni.

Ukunisela okulandelayo kwenziwa ngendlela yendabuko.

Imbiza yaseGuernia

Isitsha esifanele isistimu yezimpande ezingaphezulu ze-guernia siyibhodwe elisicaba nelibanzi elinomgodi wokukhipha ukuze ususe umswakama ngokweqile. Izimpande azikhuli kakhulu ngesikhathi sonyaka, ngakho-ke awudingi ukukhetha imbiza ebanzi kakhulu, ubukhulu bayo kufanele bube ngamasentimitha ambalwa kuphela kunobukhulu besistimu yezimpande zesitshalo.

Inhlabathi

I-substrate yokukhula kwe-guernia kufanele ihlulwe, ibe nomoya futhi inamanzi-ivunyelwe, i-alkali encane. Ungase ukhethe inhlanganisela efanelekile yenhlabathi kusuka kwizimboni eziklanyelwe ama-suppulents ne-cacti, noma uzilungiselele kusuka esihlabathini somfula (i-perlite), ishidi kanye nomhlaba wodaka-sod, i-peat namalahle (amatshe amnandi).

Izingxenye zesigcawu esingezansi zithathwa ngokwesilinganiso 3: 2: 2: 2: 1. Ungqimba olugqinsiwe luthelelwa phansi embizeni ngaphambi kokutshala ukuvikela ukungabikhona kokuswakama emhlabathini.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

IGuernia inconyelwa ukondliwa kuphela ngesikhathi sezitshalo ezisebenzayo kanye: ngenyanga, kusetshenziswa umanyolo obhalwe "i-cacti kanye ne-anculents." Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ukugqoka phezulu kumisiwe ngokuphelele.

Ukufakelwa kweGuernia

Lesi sitshalo esitsha sitshalwa minyaka yonke ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqalwa kwama inflorescences. Ukufakwa kwe-Guernia, okufike kufinyelele ebusheni obuvuthiwe, kwenziwa njalo eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwemi-2.

Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa le nqubo nokuvuselelwa kwesitshalo: amahlumela amadala owomile kufanele asuswe ngokuphelele, ashiye ama-cutways amancane kuphela - azokwazi ukunikeza inani elikhulu kakhulu lama-inflorescences ngesizini entsha.

Izihlahla

Akubalulekile futhi kuyingozi ukusika iziqu ezinamafutha ze-guernia lokhu kungavusa ukukhula kokubola kanye nokufa kwesitshalo. Uma kunesidingo, amahlumela ngokweqile noma alimele angasuswa ngokucophelela ngezikhathi ezithile.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Guernia ekhaya kufaka phakathi ukuhlela isikhathi sonyaka sonyaka ezinyangeni zobusika. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa egumbini elipholile nelikhanyiswe kahle. Ukunisela ngoNovemba nangoFebhuwari kuncishisiwe (kuze kube isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga), kuthi ngoDisemba nangoJanuwari bamiswe ngokuphelele.

Ukukhula kwe-guernia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Isitshalo se-guernia sisakazeka ngembewu kunqabukela ekhaya, ngoba le nqubo idonsa kanzima futhi idla isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka impela ukuthola isitshalo esisha ngale ndlela, bakwenza ngale ndlela: entwasahlobo imbewu ihlwanyelwa esitsheni enengxube ye-peat-sand, ifafazwe ngamanzi afudumele futhi ambozwe nge-polyethylene noma ingilazi.

Esikhathini esifudumele ngaphansi kokukhanya okungekho, izithombo ziyavela ngemuva cishe kwenyanga. I-greenhouse kufanele ingene umoya futhi ivikeleke kokubhaliwe ukuze izithombo zingaboli.

Lapho izitshalo ziba namandla, zitshalwa emiphongolweni ngayinye bese ziqhubeka nokunakekela njengezinhlobo zabantu abadala.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Guernia ngokusikwa

IGuernia isatshalaliswa kalula ngokusika kweziqu. Izinto zokutshala zihlukaniswe yisitshalo somama ngommese obukhali bese zishiywe zome izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ama-cuttings alungiselelwe atshalwe engxenyeni eyenziwe kahle yesihlabathi ne-peat.

Izimpande eziqinile zivela emavikini ayi-1.5, emva kwalokho izitshalo ezincane zingadluliselwa emabhodweni ngamanye. Isikhathi esithile, izithombo akufanele ziniselwe ukuze zingaqali ukubola. Uma isiqu sesilungiselelwe futhi sinezimpande ngendlela efanele, singakwazi ukuqhakaza cishe izinyanga eziyi-10-12 ngemuva kokutshala.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

IGuernia ayesabi izifo eziningi nezinambuzane, ngoba inokuzivikela komzimba okuhle kakhulu. Kuyena, ukubola kwamahlumela nezimpande kuphela, okuvela ekunisweni ngokweqile, kuyingozi ngempela. Amanye amaphutha ekunakekelweni nawo angaholela empilweni engeyinhle nokubukeka kwesitshalo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:

Iziqu zinamabala - okungenzeka kakhulu, yilokhu okushiswa yilanga, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuhanjiswa kude nengilazi futhi siqiniseke ukuthi somthunzi emini kusuka elangeni elinamandla kakhulu.
Iziqu zeGuernia ziphelelwa ukukhanya ngenxa yokukhanya okunganele. Imvamisa le nto ibonwa ebusika, lapho kufanele uhlelele khona isibani sangemuva usebenzisa izibani.
Amahlumela weGuernia mncane futhi ayaphakeme, uma umhlabathi lapho kutshalwe kuwo uphelelwa izakhi zomzimba. Isitshalo kufanele sondliwe ngomanyolo ofanele.
IGuernia ayiqhakaza lapho umbuso wokukhanya uphazamiseka ngokuhlelekile noma isitshalo sintula umsoco. Ukuze ama-buds avele futhi ngeziqu, kubalulekile ukususa amaphutha ekunakekelweni kwawo.
Mhlophe qhakaza esihlahleni - isibonakaliso mayelana nokunqotshwa kwe-guernia yi-mealybug. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuyiqeda ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zesimanje ezinempahla engabambeki.

Ezinye izinambuzane ze-guernia cishe azinantshisekelo.

Izinhlobo zekhaya le-guernia ezinezithombe namagama

Umugqa we-Guernia (i-Huernia zebrina)

Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhula ziphansi ezineziqu ezingekho ngaphezu kuka-10 cm. Ama-Shoots aqondile, aluhlaza okotshani noma obomvu. Izimbali zinkulu, azijwayelekile: i-tubular maroon pharynx idlula ibe yindandatho ebanzi yomthunzi ofanayo, owakhiwe ngamathuna, owenziwe inkanyezi enamakhomba ayi-5. Izinsimbi zezithelo eziphuzi eziphuziweyo emgqeni we-burgundy.

I-Guernia of Kenya (Huernia keniensis)

Izinhlobo ezimaphakathi nendawo ezinobukhulu obukhulu ezinamahlumela acishe abe ngu-30 cm. Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo ziluhlaza okotshani ngombala. Amathuna wezimbali acishe agcotshwe ngokuphelele, akha ithawula elibanzi, apendwe ngombala onsomi.

I-Rough Guernia (i-Huernia aspera)

Isitshalo esiphakathi nendawo esiphakeme ngamamitha angama-20, sinamahlumela acwebile aqondile we-green hue nezimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu ze-burgundy eyodwa esesimweni senkanyezi enamakhomba ayi-5.

I-Guernia primrose (Huernia primulina)

Izinhlobo ezimfishane ezikhula kakhulu ezineziqu ezingekho ngaphezu kuka-10 cm. amahlumela akhanyayo, hue oluhlaza grey. Amathuna wezimbali agobeke ngaphandle futhi apendwe ngombala ophuzi-ophuzi, ithini elibomvu elibomvana ezansi kuwo.

Ukulengiswa kukaGuernia (iHuernia pendula)

Isitshalo esikhulu se-ampel esine-drooping sivela kumamitha ayi-1.5 ubude. Amahlumela wesimo sobucylindrical, adwetshwe ngombala obomvana obomvana. Izimbali zincanyana, zinezinkanyezi, zibomvu-burgundy.

I-Guernia prickly (i-Huernia hystrix)

Uhlobo oluncane olunamakhaza adonsayo anombala oluhlaza okotshani olungadluli ngamasentimitha ayi-12. Amathuna alembali enza uhlobo “lwedleke lenyoni” kwi-tube ebanzi. Ingaphezulu le-corolla ligqekeziwe emgqeni omncane omhlophe, konke kumbozwe ngotshani obukhulu, i-papillae, okwenza imbali ibonakale iphilile.

UGuernia boleana

Isitshalo esihlanganisiwe esinobukhulu obuqinile, obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obude obungamasentimitha ayi-10. Izimbali zinombala ophuzi, ophuzi, wonke umhlabathi wamathuna umbozwe ngentethe emnyama.