I-Araucaria - ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

I-Araucaria (Araucaria) ingumuthi ohlanganisayo ovela emndenini wakwa-Araucariaceae. Ukusuka eminyakeni engaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-200 edlule, kuthathwa njengezinto eziphilayo.. Kusabalele imvelo yemvelo eSouth America, e-Afrika naseCrimea, kanti izwe lase-Araucaria yiNorfolk Island, eseLwandlekazi iPacific phakathi kweNew Zealand ne-Australia.

Emvelweni, isitshalo esihlala sikhula sikhula sifinyelela kumamitha angama-55. Amagatsha awo aqine ambozwe ngokubabazekayo ngezinaliti eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo anephunga elishiwoyo. I-Araucaria yisihlahla se-conifuras esingatholakali esingatshalwa ekhaya. Ekhaya, ingaphila iminyaka eyi-10, ikhule cishe ngama-20 cm ngonyaka.

Indaraor araucaria ayifiki kumamitha ayi-2 Njengawo wonke ama-conifers, isitshalo asiqhakaza, kepha sakha izithelo eziyindilinga, ezifana namantongomane amakhulu.

Qiniseka ukuthi unaka izitshalo ezinhle ezifana ne-livistona ne-fikhi enerhasi.

Izici eziwusizo ze-araucaria

I-Araucaria yisitshalo esithuthukisa amandla. Ukuthwebula amakhono wobunikazi babanikazi, i-spruce yangaphakathi isiza ukuthuthukisa. Umuthi uthinta isimo seengqondo nangokomzwelo samalungu omndeni: kwandisa ingcindezi, kuvuselela izinqubo zokucabanga, kwandisa umsebenzi. Amaseli e-Araucaria athola izinto eziphila ngokomzimba ezihlanza umoya wamagciwane nobuthi, zikhula ngempumelelo. Lesi sitshalo sinomswakama wemvelo.

Nakekela i-araucaria ekhaya. Kafushane

I-Araucaria ekhaya, ngokungafani nezinye i-conifers, ikhula ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kepha udinga ukwazi lokho okuthandwa yisitshalo: lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ubunzima obunokwenzeka:

Nakekela i-araucaria ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

I-Araucaria ekhaya izokhula kahle uma idalwe yaba yizimo ezifanele.

Izimbali

Ama-Gymnosperms ahlukile kwabanye abamele izimbali.

Ukuqhakaza kwabo, okungaveli kuzo izimbali ezijwayelekile, kepha "amacici" noma izigaxa, nakho kunguqobo.

Izitshalo zabantu abadala kuphela ezikwazi ukuqhakaza. Emvelweni, izinhlamvu ezinkulu zakha phezu kwazo, isisindo sazo esingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-2 kg.

I-Araucaria ayiqhakaza efulethini.

Imodi yokushisa

KumaConifers, kubaluleke kakhulu ekhaya ukugcina umthetho wokushisa. I-Homemade araucaria ehlobo kufanele igcinwe ku + 23 ° C, futhi ebusika - ngo + 18 ° C. Ebusika, ukupholisa kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ijubane lesihlahla sikaKhisimusi futhi kunikeze ithuba lokuthola amandla.

Okuqukethwe emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kuzonciphisa isihlahla, ngoba i-araucaria ngeke iphumule, kepha isazoqhubeka nokukhula.

Ukufafaza

Ukuze isitshalo se-araucaria sizizwe sikhululekile ekhaya, umswakama osegumbini kufanele ube ngaphezulu kwama-50%. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukufafaza ngamanzi athambile ahlala kwenziwa kathathu ngosuku. Sebenzisa amadivaysi afaka umswakama umoya. Umuthi akufanele ubekwe eceleni kwebhethri elihlanganisiwe. Ukushisa nomoya owomile kuzoholela ekufeni kwakhe.

Isibani

Ukwakha umqhele omuhle nokuthuthuka okuvumelanayo, isitshalo sidinga ukukhanyiswa okugcwele. I-Araucaria ingakhula emthunzini oyingxenye, kepha imifino ihamba kahle ekukhanyeni okukhanya okuhle.

Ngezikhathi ezithile, umuthi udinga ukuguqulwa ohlangothini noma kolunye ubheke ekukhanyisweni, khona-ke uzokhula ngokulinganayo futhi ubukeke muhle.

Ukunisela

Kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama.

Ngakho-ke, unakekele i-araucaria ekhaya ebusika uncoma ukunisela kanye njalo emavikini ayi-1.5, futhi ehlobo - amahlandla ama-2 ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa.

Kugcwele ngamanzi afudumele afudumele. Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi awanqwabelani epanini.

Ukuze umhlabathi uhlale umswakama, ufakwa emgodini ongaphansi kukhukhunathi noma umhlwa.

Imbiza ye-Araucaria

Lapho ukhetha ibhodwe le-araucaria, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi umthamo omncane ubeka umkhawulo wentuthuko yesitshalo. Kuyo, i-araucaria izokhula kancane. Uma uthatha umthamo omkhulu, umuthi uzolula ngokushesha futhi ube buthakathaka. Indawo ebanzi yezimbali, ukuphakama kwayo okungekho ngaphansi kuka-0,25 m, kubhekwa njengokufanelekile. Kufanele kube nesikhala esanele sobubanzi bokudonsa, futhi imisele yokumba ngaphansi.

Inhlabathi

I-Araucaria idinga i-substrate ephefumulayo nethambile. Inutrient kancane acidic (pH 5.3 - 6.2) inhlabathi imfanele. Ungenza umxube ngokwakho ngokuthatha izingxenye ezi-2 ze-perlite, i-peat kanye neqabunga lomhlaba engxenyeni eyi-1 yomhlaba we-turf. Ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo ngama-conifers noma i-universal substrate yezitshalo zasendlini bese uyixuba ne-substrate ye-azalea ne-Rhododendron. Izinaliti ezigoqiwe, i-charcoal powder, i-sphagnum echekiwe, amabhola we-polystyrene noma ama-chip wezitini ngokuqinisekile anezelwa kwingxube yenhlabathi.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukuze i-araucaria ikhule ngokugcwele futhi ikhule isihlahla esinamandla, ukufakwa umquba nokufakwa kumanyolo kuyadingeka. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, bondliwa kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-14. Ngemuva kokunisela, kusetshenziswa umanyolo womhluzi ohlanganisiwe ohlanganiswe kabili wezitshalo zasendlini. Isitshalo kufanele sithole inani elikhulu le-potassium ne-phosphorus; I-calcium inikezwe ngethamo elincane: ivimbela ukukhula kwesihlahla. Ebusika, lapho i-araucaria iphumula, ayondli.

Ukufakelwa

Ama-araucaria amasha atshalwa minyaka yonke. AmaConifers awakubekezeleli ukufakelwa, ngakho-ke ukuthunyelwa kwe-Araucaria okuvuthiwe akuvame ukwenziwa, njalo eminyakeni emi-3,5.

Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpande zisimboza ngokuphelele inhlama yobumba. Ukufakelwa kufanele kuthathelwe indawo yi-transshipment ukusiza isihlahla sisinde ekucindezelekeni.

Ezitshalweni ezindala, ingaphezulu liyavuseleleka, ngenkathi umthamo ungashintshiwe. Izimpande ze-araucaria zizwelayo kakhulu kunoma imuphi umthelela, ukuze uzigcine, zigcina inqwaba yomhlabathi ezindala ezimpandeni. Intamo yezimpande ayinakujula: umuthi uzoqala ngokuyeka ukukhula bese uyafa.

Ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-araucaria idinga ukuxhaswa. Izinsuku eziningana ubekwa endaweni enomthunzi, ovame ukufafazwa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, bayondla.

I-araucaria yezihlahla

Izihlahla kwenziwa ukuze ususe amagatsha awonakele noma amabi. Inqubo isiza ukugcina ukuhlobisa kwesitshalo. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi i-araucaria yezithelo ingalimaza kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ingaphezulu linqunywe. Ngaphandle kwengxenye engenhla, i-araucaria izomisa ukukhula bese iphenduka isihlahla esibi.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ekwindla, i-araucaria iqala ukulungiselela ubusika: inciphisa ukunisela kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu. Lapho kuqala ubusika, isikhathi sokuphumula kwesitshalo siqala. I-Araucaria kufanele igcinwe ipholile ngalesi sikhathi. Uma izinga lokushisa lingakwazi ukwehliselwa ku-15 - 18 ° C, khona-ke ukufafaza akuyeki. Akavamile ukunisela, cishe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Amandla okukhanya awancishisiwe. Ukondliwa akuvunyelwe.

Kungenzeka yini ukushiya i-araucaria ngaphandle kokushiya eholidini?

Ukushiya ehlobo amasonto ama-2, kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokuzithela ezizenzakalelayo. Ungasebenzisa inqubo yokuthoba inhlabathi ngendwangu. Indwangu yamafutha ibekwa phezu kwendlu eyisicaba, bese indwangu ethambile, nethambile igoqwe kaningana kuyo. Imbiza ibekwa ngaphezulu nge-araucaria eniselwe. Ukuphela kwezicubu kwehliselwa emgodini obanzi onamanzi. Le ndlela ngeke isize kuphela ukugcina umswakama wenhlabathi amasonto ama-3, kodwa futhi nokuthoba umoya.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuya eholidini ebusika, ungafaka isiponji esimanzi ebhodweni nge-araucaria. Le ndlela izosiza ukugcina umswakama wenhlabathi izinsuku eziyi-10. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanelekile ukucela izihlobo ukuba zinakekele isitshalo, ngoba ngaphandle kokunisela njalo nokufafaza, i-araucaria ingafa.

Ukukhishwa kabusha kwe-Araucaria

Ukuzala kabusha kwe-araucaria kwenziwa ehlobo ngembewu noma ukusikwa okuthathwe eziqongweni.

Ukukhula kwe-Araucaria kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Le nqubo yinde. Ukuhluma kwembewu kuphansi, kumila isikhathi eside. Imbewu entsha ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini enomswakama. Iziqukathi ezinezithombo zibekwa endaweni efudumele. Izithombo ezivelayo zidinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela: kumele zivame ukuniselwa, awukwazi ukubeka elangeni. Izithombo ezikhule ngokuqina zidluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile futhi ziqukethe njengezitshalo zabantu abadala.

Ukusakazeka kwe-araucaria ngokusika

Chitha ehlobo emazingeni okushisa angekho ngaphansi kuka + 23 ° C. Izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zitholakala kusiko elisikiwe elisikiwe. Ngommese obukhali usike izingcezu eziphakathi zegatsha. Misa isilayi kusuka ujusi bese ucubungula ngamalahle aqhekeziwe. I-cutlery itshalwe enhlabathini enomswakama, imbozwe ngefilimu (iyasuswa ukunisela kanye nokufaka umoya omncane). Ekuqaleni kobusika, isiqu esinezimpande, siqinile sitshalwa esitsheni esikhulu.

Ukusika kwe-mizizi ye-conifers kwenzeka esimweni sezulu esifudumele. Ukusheshisa i-rooting, izithombisi zokwenziwa kwezimpande ziyasetshenziswa.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Uma ungadali isimo esihle sesitshalo, singathinteka izifo kanye nezilokazane. Lokhu kuchazwe kahle yizimpawu:

• izinaliti ze-araucaria ziphenduka ziphuzi futhi ziwe - ukuntuleka komswakama, umoya owomile egumbini (lungisa ukuchelela nokufafaza);
• amahlumela acinene, acwebile - ukuntuleka kwezakhi (okuphakelayo);
• I-araucaria ikhula kancane - okuqukethwe ngokweqile kwe-calcium emhlabathini (ukulungisa ukulungisa okuphezulu ngokwandisa umthamo we-potassium ne-phosphorus);
• umbala ophuzi wezinaliti ze-araucaria - Ukuntuleka kokukhanya (hlela kabusha endaweni ekhanyiselwe kakhudlwana).

I-Araucaria ingathinteka yi-mealybug, izinambuzane ezilinganayo, ibhungane yezimpande, ama-aphid. Ama-zinambuzane asetshenziswa ngokumelene nawo.

Izinhlobo ze-araucaria yasekhaya enezithombe namagama

Emvelweni wemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-18 ze-araucaria. Abanye babo bazivumelanisa kahle nezimo zasekhaya.

I-Variegated Araucaria (Araucaria heterophylla, Araucaria Exelsa)

Umuthi we-evergreen coniferous onomqhele we-pyramidal. Ezitshalweni ezivuthiwe, isiqu singenamuntu. Amagxolo amnyama ansundu. Izinaliti ezimfishane eziluhlaza okukhanyayo zinezeluleko eziveziwe ezithambile ezithinta.

I-Araucaria nyembamba-leaved, noma iBrazil (Araucaria brasiliensis)

Isihlahla se-Coniferous evergreen esinamahlumela amancanyana acwebezelayo nezinaliti eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo eziphakeme (kufika ku-5 cm) izinaliti.

Ikholamu ye-Araucaria, noma i-Cook Araucaria (Araucaria columnaris)

Isihlahla seConiferous embozwe ngokubomvu ngamahlumela amafushane akhiwe kuma-engela angakwesokudla esiqwini. Kwakha izigaxa, ubude bazo bufika ku-100 mm.

Uhlobo olunomusa, izinaliti ezithambile eziluhlaza kanye nephunga le-resinous coniferous yizimpawu ezinhle ze-araucaria. Ubuhle be-fluffy bupholisa umoya, budala ukubumbana kanye nemimoya ephezulu endlini.