IMonstera ingumvini ohlala njalo womndeni womndeni wama-Aroid. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-epiphyte ingukuswakama okushisa olumanzi kwaseNingizimu Melika. Isitshalo sinamaqabunga amakhulu asikekile noma aphelele. Phezulu kwelesi iphuzu lokukhula.
Izimpande ezilandelanayo zinde, ziwugqinsi futhi zincanyana. Izimbali azibonakali kahle, futhi izithelo ziyadliwa. Uhlobo lwesitshalo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-50 nezinhlobo eziningi.
Izinhlobo zezilo zasekhaya - itafula
Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezifanele ukukhula ekhaya, ngokuya ngezifunda. Imvamisa, izinhlobo ezi-2 sezitshalwa: oblique and lovely. Ungazama ukuqukatha imidwebo ekhaya, eyethulwe etafuleni:
Izinhlobo | Incazelo |
| Okuthandekayo (Okulamnandi, Alba, Deliciosa) | Amacembe aqoshiwe onesikhumba. Iziqu zikhulu, zinamanzi. |
| I-Variegata | Amacembe ahlukahlukene Imibala ephuzi neluhlaza egcwele. |
| Kuthungathwa | Amaqabunga e-oval scarce ane-petioles amafushane. |
| I-Adanson (engalingani) | Isakazwa ngokuqinile amapheshana amancanyana a-ovoid anezimbobo ezincane. |
| Thin | Kuyivelakancane. Amacembe evulekile we-Cirrus-dissected. Ukukhula kancane. |
| Borziga | Umvini omncane ongabekezeleleki Uhlobo lweMonstera Delicatessen. |
| Iyangabaza (i-Dubia) | I-liana elincane elinamaqabunga aphelele. |
Imvelo yokungabekezeleli yavumela izitshalo ukuhlobisa amakamelo wezindlu, amahhovisi, izingadi ze-botanical. Ngakho-ke, i-mosagate monstera iwuphawu lokunethezeka nengcebo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-creepers amaningi makhulu futhi adinga indawo ethile: ezinye izinhlobo zikhula ziye kumamitha ayi-3 ukuphakama.
Ukunakekelwa Monster Isizini - Ithebula
U-Liana akadingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Udinga amanzi amaningi ngenkathi efudumele, amaholide ebusika kanye nokuthenwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Emazingeni okushisa aphansi endlini, ukuchelela kufanele kube kancanyana. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa cishe kanye ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ngesikhathi sokukhula. Uma isitshalo sihlala emthunzini, umqhele waso uyaba. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, amaqabunga angajika abe mnyama, futhi uma unezela kulokhu kunisela okuningi, ayavilapha. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, amaqabunga asontekile, lokhu kubhekwa kaningi ebusika.
Ithebula libonisa ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo ngezikhathi zonyaka:
Isikhathi | Isibani | Umswakama | Izimo lokushisa |
| Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Isithunzi esincane noma ukukhanya okonakele. Ukugwema ukusha, kudinga umthunzi ohlangothini elangeni. Ngokukhanya okungalungile, amaqabunga aba mancane, akukho ukusikeka okwenziwa. | Elinganiselayo. Esimweni esishisayo ukufafaza kuyanconywa. | Ukusuka ku-+20 kuya ku- + 25 ° C ngaphandle koshintsho olungazelelwe. Ukuntuleka kokusalungiswa. |
| Ukuwa / ubusika | Ukukhanyisa okwenziwayo kuyadingeka. | Elinganiselayo. Ukufafaza njalo egumbini elifudumele. | Akuyona ngaphansi kuka + 12 ° C. Kude kude nemishini yokushisa. |
I-monstera yezimbali ekhaya inzima, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ayinakwenzeka, ngoba ukhetha ukuqhakaza ezimweni zemvelo, kepha uma yonke imithetho elula yokugwema kungenzeka, lokhu kungafezeka.
Ukufika, ukufakelwa, ukusika, ukuxhaswa
Lapho utshala isitshalo, udinga ukunaka inhlabathi. Kufanele kukhululeke, kungathathi hlangothi. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuxuba:
- thatha ingxenye eyodwa ye-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi bese ufaka izingxenye ezi-2 ze-turf;
- hlanganisa ingxenye eyodwa yegxolo, inhlabathi yamaqabunga, i-peat, i-moss ne-½ ingxenye yesihlabathi esinama-coarse;
- engeza i-coconut fiber noma i-perlite ku-primer ethengiwe ethengiwe.
Imivini emisha kufanele ithathelwe indawo minyaka yonke, ngoba ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Imbiza kufanele ibe nkulu ku-2-3 cm kuneyakudala. Kungcono uma ukuphakama kwawo nobubanzi bungalingana. Ezitsheni eziqinile, amaqabunga angaguquka abe nsundu, mncane njenge-papyrus.
Inhlabathi, izinto zokudonsa kanye namandla kufanele kuqala ukushaywa inzalo. Ukudonswa kwamanzi kufanele kuthathe cishe ingxenye yesihlanu yevolumu.
Lesi sitshalo kumele sibambelele ngokucophelela, kanye nenqwaba yomhlaba. Izimpande ezomile ezomile kufanele zisulwe. Babeka uLiana phakathi kwesitsha esisha, asimboze ngomhlaba futhi asampampazi.
Imivini yabantu abadala idluliselwa emva kweminyaka emibili. Kuzothatha izimbali ezinkulu kahle. Kuzoncika kubona ukuthi i-liana izokuba likhulu kangakanani. Umthamo omusha kufanele ube mkhulu kunowokuqala ukuze uhlelo lwezimpande luzizwe luthokomele.
Njengoba isitshalo sikhulu ngokwanele, kungcono ukusifaka ndawonye sisonke. Dlulisa igxathu negxathu.
Ukudlulisa i-monstera enkulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuphela ungqimba lomhlabathi oludala oluphezulu olushintshiwe ngokufakwa kwe-humus. Uma ungafuni izinkinga ezinjalo, ungaqala isitshalo esincane.
Isilova esincane nakanjani sidinga ukwesekwa, njengoba sinqamula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-liana izobukeka ikhanga ngokwengeziwe. Bayibeka endaweni ehlala njalo bayifafaze. Kwisitshalo esidala, ukusekelwa kungenziwa nguwe. Izinduku ezinesigaxa sikakhukhunathi akuyona inketho enhle, njengoba kunzima ukuqamba ama-lianas. Ukuze wenze usekelo, ungathatha isicucu se-tubing epulasitiki isikhathi eside kunesitshalo, ushayela izikhala eziningi kuso. Okulandelayo, kufake ebhodweni bese uthele isihlabathi ngaphakathi komhlabathi. Phezulu udinga ukugcwalisa i-moss exutshaniswe ne-peat. Ukusekelwa kufakwe ngemboza emanzi phezulu, ngenhla enezikhala zamaseli futhi kulungiswe ngentambo yokudoba. Lo mklamo futhi udinga ukufafazwa njalo. Ezinye izinketho kungenzeka.
Izimpande zasemoyeni zikhula esitshalweni, kepha azikwazi ukususwa. Uma umvini ukhula kanye ne-moss tube, khona-ke izimpande ngokwazo zikhula zibe yiyo.
Lapho isitshalo esidala siyeka ukukhula kakhulu, ungasinquma phezulu ukuze siphinde senziwe kabusha. Ukusikwa kufanele kufafazwe ngamalahle. Le nqubo ikhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela akamuva, ukwakheka komqhele.
Ukunisela, Umanyolo
Ukunakekela i-liana ekhaya akulula. Isitshalo asidingi ukuthambisa kaningi, noma si-hygrophilous. Amaqabunga e-monstera embozwe ngumbala we-waxy futhi ahumushe umswakama omncane. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngemuva kokumiswa kwenhlabathi kusuka phezulu, mhlawumbe ngamanzi afudumele.
Izitshalo ezincane azidingi ukugqoka eziphezulu, futhi abantu abadala badinga umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga ngezinkathi ezifudumele zonyaka.
Izitolo zezimbali zinokhetho olubanzi lomanyolo. Isibonelo, "Agricola 7", "Nitrofoska", "Lingogumat" nabanye. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, funda imiyalo.
Ukuzala
I-Monstera isatshalaliswa imbewu, ukusikwa kanye nokubekwa kwezinto emoyeni:
- Ngokusakazeka kwembewu, ukukhanya nokushisa kuyadingeka. Imbewu ibekwa enhlabathini noma emhlabathini olumanzi. Kufanele bavuke ngenyanga eyodwa. Ukutshala izinto kunconywa ukushiya ubusuku ku-stimulator yokukhula.
- Lapho kusakazwa ukusikwa, isiqu noma izinqubo ezilandelwayo zitshalwa ebhodweni ngaphansi kwengilazi. Izilimo kufanele zibe mfushane ngamaqabunga ayi-1-2. Sika phezulu ekhoneni elifanele, futhi ngezansi - e-oblique. Ukutshala kufanele kuniselwe futhi kufafazwe njengomahla womhlabathi. Isitshalo sinezimpande futhi sibekwa ebhodweni.
- Ingqimba enezimpande ze-aires neqabunga itshalwe ebhodweni.
Izinambuzane, izifo, izinkinga ezingenzeka - ithebula
Izifo nezinambuzane akuvamile ukuthinta umvini, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ziyambulala. Izitshalo zingaphola, ziwe, ziphenduke ziphuzi bese zomile.
Izifo zezitshalo | Izimpawu zangaphandle | Izindlela zomzabalazo |
| I-Chlorosis (eyenziwa ama-aphid kanye nemikhaza) | Amaqabunga aphuzi, ukubonakala kwamabala akhanyayo. | Icubungula phytoferm. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukuzigcina uhlanzekile. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Ukuphuzi nokuthambekela kwamaqabunga. | Ukulawulwa kokunisela. Isusa izimpande ezibolile ezinezintuli ezinothuli namalahle. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Ukuvela kwamachashazi namabala aphuzi kumaqabunga amaqabunga. Ukuwa kweqabunga. Ukuba khona kwe-web emhlophe. | Icubungula i-phytoferm noma i-derris. Ukugeza njalo ngamanzi afudumele. |
| Ama-aphid | Ukusonteka, ukuguqulwa kanye nokomiswa kwamaqabunga amancane. | Ukwelashwa ngezinambuzane ze-aphid kanye namalungiselelo we-permethrin. |
| Isihlangu | Ukuvela kwamachaphaza ansundu aqatha ngemuva kwamaqabunga, ukoma kwezeluleko. | Ukwelashwa okuphindaphindwayo ngendwangu emanzi enesixazululo sosawoti nesinambuzane. |
Zuza, ulimaze
Izimpawu ezahlukahlukene nezinsumansumane zihambisana nesilo, i-dieffenbachia namanye ama-Aroid. Abantu bezinkolelo-ze balandisa igama labo nesilo, i-vampire. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani kungenakwenzeka ukugcina i-creeper ekhaya.
ELatin America, isihlahla sesundu esishisayo sasibizwa ngokuthi umbulali, ngoba bathola izinsalela zezilwane nabantu zingene ngeziqu nezimpande zalo. Kepha eqinisweni, i-liana ihlume ngezidumbu esezivele zafa, umphumela wokubhubhisa waphikwa.
Uma kunezilwane endlini, ngokwesibonelo, amakati noma izinja, khona-ke imbali ingaba umqondo omncane kubo. Kunokwakheka kwezinaliti okuncane emaqabungeni. Uma ingena kolwelwesi lwe-mucous, umuzwa ovuthayo omncane ungavela, kodwa ivele yodwa. Kuyiqiniso, enganeni noma kumuntu okhulile ezimweni ezingandile, ukungalingani emvinini kungenzeka, kanye nakwezinye izitshalo.
Kuyinto engathandeki ukugcina upholi egumbini elilodwa nesilo. Ijusi lesitshalo lingadala ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwama-mucous nolwelwesi lwenyoni.
Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi yonke imijondolo ifanekisela isizungu noma iyimithombo yamandla. Lokhu ukweqa.
Imbali yasendlini ayinabungozi futhi iyingozi, iletha izinzuzo eziningi:
- inomphumela onenzuzo ku-microclimate yezakhiwo;
- imunca amaza ka-elekthronikhi nama-formaldehydes ayingozi;
- emoyeni.
Kukholelwa ukuthi i-liana iyakwazi ukuthonya amakhono obuhlakani bomuntu, iqinise amasosha omzimba.
Ama-fashionistas enza ama-manicure asezindaweni ezishisayo anamaqabunga e-monstera kwizipikili. Isithombe sakhe sisetshenziswa kwimidwebo, imithambo evela emaqabunga ezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
I-Liana ayilimazi, kepha awukwazi ukuyifaka egumbini lokulala, ngoba ebusuku i-photosynthesis yehlisa ijubane nomoya omningi umunca umoya.
I-Monstera ingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile noma e-OLH. Inani kusuka kuma-ruble angama-500 nokuningi. Umuthi wesundu oshisayo wenza amakamelo athokomele, adala umoya ozolile. Mphathise kahle futhi ujabulele imifino ecebile.
