Njalo ngonyaka, izinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlamvu zika utamatisi zivela, lapho abalimi bekhetha khona noma yikuphi ukunambitheka kwabo. Ngonyaka wezi-2015, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamaMama zazibhalisiwe. Inezici ezikhangayo futhi isivele idumile phakathi kwabathandi be-tomato.
Incazelo nesithombe
Utamatisi "Umama Omkhulu" - ukuvuthwa okusabalalisa ngezici ezinhle kakhulu nokusebenza. Cabangela incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "utamatisi" livela emvelaphi yase-Italy futhi lisho ukuthi "i-apula yegolide", futhi igama elithi "utamatisi" livela egameni lama-aztec laleli "sitamatisi".
Izihlahla
Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo ecacile futhi engaphansi. Isihlahla siyeka ukukhula ekuphakameni 60 cm - 1 m. Izitshalo zinamandla ngamagatsha amaningana kanye namaqabunga amancane, lapho izithelo ezinkulu kakhulu zisatshalaliswa ngendlela efanayo. Isistimu yezimpande ezinamandla neziqinile ikhula ngokubanzi, okufaka isandla ekuvuneni okuningi.
Izitshalo, naphezu kwamandla abo, zidinga i-garter, futhi akudingeki ukuba uzinake. Izibhamu ezinkulu nezithelo nazo zifisa ukuqinisa. Kunconywa ukwakha amahlumela ka 2-3 iziqu, okwandisa umkhiqizo wabo. Ukuvuthwa kwezitshalo ezinsukwini ezingu-85 emva kokuvela kwamahlumela.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezamatamatisi afana neCaspar, i-Auria, i-Troika, i-Niagara, i-Mystery, i-Elephant Pink, i-Rocket, i-King of Siberia, i-Grapefruit, isihlahla sama-Strawberry, "Cap Monomakh", "Koenigsberg", "Pink Flamingo", "Alsou", "Mazarin".
Izithelo
"Mama Omkhulu" uletha isivuno esikhulu: kusuka ku-1 sikwele. m ingakwazi ukuqoqa 10 kg utamatisi. Kufika ku-6 utamatisi obomvu obomvu obuningi obukhulu obunama-200-400 g, obunzima futhi obubunjwa yinhliziyo, benziwa ngesitshalo esisodwa sezithelo eziqinile. Imbewu esithombeni isincane kakhulu. 
Utamatisi awunqamuki, ngoba unesikhumba esincane futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Igcinwe kahle, ungalahlekelwa ukubukeka kwabo ngisho nangemva kokuhamba. Bangabantu abanamanzi futhi abanomzimba, banomusa omuhle ocebile, othakazelisayo ngobuhlungu.
Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene: kufanelekile ama-salad amasha, kanye nama-juice, i-pasta namazambane ahlambulukile. Zine-carotenoid lycopene ngobuningi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezintato, nezinye izinto eziningi ezizuzisayo: i-calcium, i-magnesium, amavithamini B, E, C no-PP.
Kubalulekile! I-Lycopene i-antioxidant yemvelo eyadingeka kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu njengesivikelo se-DNA kusukela ekubunjweni kwezilonda nokunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sofuba.
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Izici ezihlukile ezihlukahlukene zihlanganisa izinkomba ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvuthwa kokuqala: isivuno sokuqala esitheni sokushisa sivunwa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-85 emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, nasensimini - emva kwezinsuku ezingu-95;
- ukucabanga: emva kokubunjwa kwesandla sesihlanu, isihlahla siyeka ukukhula futhi sinika wonke amandla ayo ekwakheni izithelo. Ngakho-ke, lawa utamatisi aphelelwe amandla futhi akavamile ukukhula ngaphezu kuka-60 cm;
- Utamatisi Omkhulu Omama ahlukaniswa yizivuno eziphezulu: ku-abamba ukushisa, imitha engamakhilomitha ayisishiyagalolunye angakhipha cishe u-10 kg utamatisi, endaweni evulekile - kancane kancane.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Lezi zihlukahlukene ziye zithandwa kangaka phakathi kwabalimi ngokushesha ngoba ingakabonakali nanoma yikuphi ukuhluleka okuqondile, kodwa Kunezinzuzo eziningi ezingenasisekelo:
- ukuvuna okuvuthiwe nokuvuthiwe;
- Izithelo eziphezulu zezithelo: ezinkulu, ezinamandla, ezihlwabusayo futhi ezinempilo;
- Ukungavikeleki ezifweni: hhayi okwenziwe yi-vertex yokubola ne-fusarium, ukumelana nokulimala okwesikhashana, umdwebo womugwa kanye nomoya we-powdery.
Indawo engcono kakhulu nesimo sezulu
Ukuze ukhule lezi zihlukahlukene emhlabathini ovulekile kungaba kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu, lapho ihlobo lifudumele khona. Ngakho-ke, indawo engcono kunazo zonke ze "Mama Omkhulu" yi-greenhouse, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Izinzuzo zendawo yokushisa:
- Awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngokuthi ehlobo epholile, izithombo ziyobandayo futhi ukukhula kuzophuza.
- Ungatshala imbewu ngaphandle kokudonsa, bese isitshalo sizovuthwa ezinsukwini ezingu-85. I-Dive inikezela ukuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingu-5.
- Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, izitshalo zokushisa ezithambile zizoveza izithelo ezinsukwini eziyishumi ngaphambi kwendawo evulekile.
Kubalulekile! Ukushisa kufanele kugcinwe ezindlini zokugcina izithombo: ebusuku akusilo ngaphansi kuka-12 ° С, futhi emini - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-18 ° С.
Ukuhlwanyela nokunakekela izithombo
Imbewu nezithombo "Umama Omkhulu" azidingi izimo ezikhethekile. Kulokhu, lezi zihlukahlukene azifani kakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo zezamatamatisi.
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele kube sekupheleni kuka-Mashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukufeza inqubo yokungafihli kahle, ukufaka imbewu amahora amabili kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Uma kuthengwa kumthengisi onokwethenjelwa, akudingeki ukuthi kusetshenzwe. Imbewu ethembekile kakhulu - evela kumkhiqizi. Umbhali wezitamatisi "Umama Omkhulu" inkampani yokukhethwa "Gavrish", ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthenga imbewu yokukhiqizwa kwabo.
- Umhlabathi wezithombo ungathengwa ngomumo esitolo noma ungenza owakho kusuka ensimini yomhlabathi, peat, humus kanye nesihlabathi.
- Imbewu itshalwe ngokujula kwe-1.5-2 cm, iphuziswa futhi ihlanganiswe nefilimu kuze kuvele amagciwane.
- Utamatisi womdaka udinga emva kokuvela kwamahlamvu amabili okuqala.
- Ukunisela izitshalo kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwempande ukuze bangaguli.
- Ukutshala kumele kuqiniswe, okumele kuqale amaviki amabili ngaphambi kokutshala.
- Kutshalwe endaweni yokushisa kungaba ngo-Ephreli, futhi emhlabathini - ngoMeyi. Into eyinhloko ukuthi ayikho amaqhwa futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya aliwi ngaphansi kwe-12 ° C.
- Uhlelo lokutshala: 40x50 cm noma 4-5 ezihlahleni ngalinye ngesikwele esingu-1. m
Uyazi? Umsunguli wemvelo odumile uKarl Linnaeus, owanikeza igama izinhlobo eziningi zezidalwa eziphilayo, okuthiwa utamatisi "Solanum lycopersicum". Ukuhunyushwa kusuka kwisiLatini, kusho "ama-peaches ezimpisi".
Ukunakekelwa kwezitamatisi
Umama Omkhulu udinga i-garter. Abanye abalimi benza ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini, abanye - ngesonto. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, amagatsha anezithelo ezinzima awela emhlabathini futhi angase aphule.
Ukunisela nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Izihlahla kufanele ziphuze ngaphansi komsuka wokufudumala, ukufutheka emanzini elanga. Ukuchelela okubalulekile kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwezithelo. Ngenkathi imbewu ihluma futhi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwesitshalo, izitshalo zidinga umswakama owengeziwe. Esikhathini sonke isikhathi, lapho izithombo zikhula, ziqhakaza futhi zibeke izithelo, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe ukulibaziseka ngokweqile.
Nokho Ukumisa okugcwele akuvumelekile: izimbali nama-ovari angase awike, i-photosynthesis nokukhula kuzokwehla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umquba awuyikuqinisa izitshalo, kodwa uzilimaze.
Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke kaningi, mhlawumbe emva kokunisela okunye, lapho kumile. Lena indlela enhle yokukhipha amanzi amaningi ngokweqile ngemuva kwemvula enkulu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
"Umama Omkhulu" uyathanda uma edla:
Umsuka wokugqoka: Izikhathi ezintathu umanyolo onemvelo efana nomquba, umquba wezinkukhu noma u-herbal extract. Kubuye kudingeke ukondle umanyolo obunzima obunamaminerali.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Foliar ebanjwe phakathi nesikhathi sokubhakabhaka futhi kubalulekile ekutholeni ngokushesha izakhi. Iresiphi: Thela ilitha elingu-1 lomlotha 1 litre lamanzi ashisayo bese ushiya izinsuku ezingu-2, bese uhlunga, uhlanza ngamanzi uphinde uphefe izihlahla phezulu.
Ukwakheka kwe-Shrub
Ukuze kuvune isivuno esikhulu kubaluleke kakhulu ukulolonga izihlahla:
- ehlathini ngalinye, kufanele ushiye isitembu esikhulu kanye nezinqubo eziqinile ezingu-1-2;
- Amagatsha angeziwe akufanele asuswe ngokushesha, kodwa kancane kancane, ingane eyodwa yesonto ngalinye. Uma ulahla wonke amahlumela ngesikhathi esisodwa, isihlahla singase sibe buthakathaka futhi sife.
Kubalulekile! Uma amahlathi engekho pasynkovat futhi ashiye obukhulu, isivuno sincishisiwe futhi usongo phytophthora kwenzeka.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Isitshalo sokuqala ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo singavuna izinsuku ezingu-85 emva kokuhluma (ngoJulayi), ensimini - ngemuva kwesikhashana. Labo abavame ukuvakashela ama-dacha abo abakwazi ukukhathazeka, njengoba izithelo zizozilinda ezihlahleni futhi ngeke ziphazamise.
Isikhumba esinamahloni "soMama Omkhulu" sikuvumela ukuba usihambise, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi utamatisi uzolahlekelwa ukuma noma ukugoqa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zihamba kahle futhi zigcinwe emiphongolweni. Izithelo zingathathwa ngendlela engavuthiwe, ngokulindela ukuthi zizovuthwa ngezimo zegumbi.
Umama Omkhulu unabalandeli abaningi abanika impendulo emihle kuphela: isivuno esikhulu kakhulu ngomzamo omncane. Zama futhi ukhule lokhu utamatisi omangalisayo. Inhlanhla!
