I-Bacopa noma i-Suthera - izizukulwane zasezindaweni ezihlala zodwa ezindaweni ezishisayo nezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezisatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezinamakhaza e-Afrika, e-Asia, eMelika, e-Australia. Kunezinhlobo zamanzi nezinhlobo eziningi. Phakathi kwabalandeli, igama le-suther livamile.
Phambilini, i-bacop yayibekwa emndenini wamaNorian, manje sekungu-maphutha.
Incazelo yeBotanical
IBacopa (igama lesiLatini elithi Bacopa) ikhula esihlahleni esinemithi ephansi enesizinda esibanzi. Iziqu - mncane, ezinwabuzelayo noma indawo yokuhlala, ezinwabuzelayo, ngobude zingakhula zibe yimitha eyi-1. Isihlahla sikhula sibanzi.
Amaqabunga amancane anombala oluhlaza okomnqumo noma oluhlaza okotshani.
Ezihlahleni zihlelwe ngokuhlukile, ezinhlanzini ezingaphansi kwamanzi, ukusatshalaliswa kwamaqabunga kulayini. Ishidi linomumo obanzi we-elliptical or ovoid.
Kukhona izimbali eziningi esihlahleni, zincane, zinokuma kwezinsimbi noma amashubhu. Ibanga lemibala lifaka i-pink emhlophe, ethambile netshisayo, i-lilac, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Imbali inama-lobes amahlanu noma amane afanayo.
Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, izimbali zezinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezihlobisa kakhulu zihlala ihlobo lonke kuze kube maphakathi ekwindla. Inqubo yenzeka ngamagagasi: sonke isihlahla simbozwe ngezimbali, siyaphela, silandelwe yisikhathi sokuzola futhi kwenkathi yezimbali ezixakile. Izimbali ezinonile azidingi ukuqoqwa - i-suther iyaziphonsa yona.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zekhaya
Izinhlobo ezingama-60 zezitshalo zisetshenziswa ezidinga izimo ezahlukahlukene ezikhulayo: izimbali zasemanzini, usizo, izizinda ezihlanzayo.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-sutra, ukuze kube lula, lonke ulwazi lifingqiwe kuthebula:
| Isihloko | Izimo ezikhulayo | Incazelo |
| Karolinskaya | Ibanga lamanzi, ligcinwe ezindaweni zasemanzini nasemachibini. | Ezindebeni eziwugqinsi eziqondile kukhona amaqabunga e-oval o-oyingi. Ukuphakama akudluli ku-30 cm. Izimbali ezigqamile eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zitholakala kumathiphu wesiqu. Amacembe anemibala anezela ukuhlobisa - elangeni baguqula umbala oluhlaza okhanyayo ubomvu. |
| Wase-Australia | Isihlahla esiphansi esinamahlumela amancane egatsha. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zitholakala ngaphezu kweziqu ezintekenteke. Amaqabunga akhula aze afike ku-18 mm ubude angama-oval noma ayindilinga ngesimo futhi aluhlaza ngombala. | |
| I-Monier, noma iMonieri (Brahmi) | Ama-Succulents atshalwa kumamakholoni nasezifuyeni. | Iziqu ziyakhamba, amaqabunga ayabiyelwa, ayindilinga, kunamanzi, kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-20 mm ubude. Ingaphezulu labo liyindilinga, kungahle kube namazinyo amancane emaceleni. Izimbali zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga, zincane kakhulu - i-corolla ifinyelela ku-10 mm, imvamisa kakhulu imhlophe, kepha kukhona okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokububende. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kufinyelela ku-40 cm. I-Bacopa Monnier isetshenziswa kabanzi ngezinhloso zokwelapha: ithuthukisa ubuchopho, ilwa nokukhubazeka kwememori. |
| Inhliziyo-ebunjiwe | Amabala | Izihlahla ezinotshani eziphansi zifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-15. Izimbali zimhlophe, zipinki, zibubende-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zinama-petals amahlanu futhi zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga. |
| I-Sprawling noma enhle | Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu ezinezimbali ezinkulu. Yakha isihlahla esikhulu esinenhlahla enamahlumela amade (60 cm). Imbali enobubanzi obungama-20 mm inama-petals amahlanu, atholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga e-lanceolate aluhlaza. Ehlobo nasekwindla yokuqala, isihlahla simbozwe ngokuphelele ngezimbali ezipinki, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezimhlophe qhwa. | |
| Blutopia kanye neqhwa | Izinhlobo nzalo ezinezimbali eziningi. Iziqu ezizi-30 cm ubude zifafazwa kakhulu ngezimbali ezinkulu, eBlutopia - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-lilac, e-Snowtopia - emhlophe qhwa. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza okomnqumo. | |
| Umbala | Ama-Aquarium namachibi okuhlobisa. | Uhlobo olunamahlamvu aphuzi aphuzi, umthunzi wamahlamvu uyaguquka ngokuya ngokukhanya. Amacembe abhangqiwe anezimbobo ezibunjiwe futhi atholakala ezixineni ezinqamulelayo. |
| EMadagascar | Izindawo zasemanzini eziphansi. | Isihlahla esincane - iziqu azikhuli isikhathi eside kuno-15 cm. Amahlumela anamahlumela futhi aqine ngokuqinile, amaqabunga e-lanceolate aphikisana futhi anqamule. |
Bacopa enkulu
I-Ampoule bacopa inezinhlobo eziningi, ezivame kakhulu kuzo:
| Ibanga | Incazelo | Izimbali |
| Isivunguvungu luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Isihlahla esikhulu | Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| Isivunguvungu seqhwa | Ukuqhakaza okumnandi | Amhlophe amancane |
| Ilifu elikhulu | Isihlahla esimile | Imhlophe qhwa |
| Imiphefumulo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Elinye igama Blue Showers | Luhlaza kakhulu |
| Igolide le-Olimpiki | Ama-hybrid amade anamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani wegolide | I-White Terry |
Ukulima nokunakekela
Ukuhamba nokunakekela i-Suther akunzima kakhulu. Kwanele ukulandela imithetho elula kanti i-bacopa izoqhakaza kakhulu izinyanga ezimbalwa. Imfihlo eyinhloko ukuthambisa ejwayelekile.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezitshalo Zomhlaba
IBacopa ifuneka kakhulu ekukhanyiseni. Ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okuningana, amahora okukhanya kosuku kumele okungenani abe ngamahora ayi-11, lapho ukhule ezimweni zekamelo, i-bacopa idinga ukukhanyiswa.
ISuthera ingakhula ehlobo emgwaqweni ezindaweni ezihlukile zezulu. Ekwindla, isihlahla siyambiwa sidluliselwe egumbini eliqhakazile nelipholile - i-balcony ekhanyayo ne-insured, i-veranda. Izinga lokushisa lobusika elilungile lingu-8-15 ° С. Lapho ukufakelwa, isitshalo kufanele sinqunywe kakhulu.
ISuthera ayithandi umoya owomile - ayinakubekwa ngaphezulu kwebhethri. Lesi sitshalo singokwendabuko yangaphansi kwezwe futhi si-hygrophilous kakhulu. Iyanjelwa nsuku zonke, ekushiseni - kabili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa. Esikhathini ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela, izihlahla zifafazwa kabili ngosuku.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula - ehlobo nasengxenyeni yokuqala yekwindla - bondliswa ngamanyolo anzima aqukethe i-nitrogen, i-potassium, i-magnesium ne-manganese. Best masonto onke. Ubukhazikhazi bezimbali buqonde ngqo ekugqokeni okuphezulu. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi, izimbali ziyaphumula - ziyeka ukufaka umanyolo futhi zinciphiswe kaningi.
IBacopa ayithandi okusalungiswa. Inhlabathi ine-acidic encane, ungaxuba inhlabathi yengadi kanye ne-peat ngokulingana okulinganayo, engeza i-humus encane nesihlabathi. Izingxube ezilungele izitshalo eziqhakazayo ezisuselwa ku-peat nazo ziyafaneleka. Lapho kukhula ezimbizeni, amanzi ayadingeka.
Izihlahla ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kukhulisa ukuhlobisa kwembali.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezitshalo Zomhlaba
Ema-aquariums, i-sutra ivame kakhulu kunezinhlobo zomhlaba emhlabeni ezivandeni nasemakholoni. IBacopa ayisona isitshalo esidabukisayo, noma kunjalo, kufanele sigcinwe e-aquarium ekushiseni kuka + 22-28 ° C, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga azoqala ukubola, futhi ukukhula kwezimbali kuzokwehla.
Amanzi kufanele abe nokusabela okuncane kwe-asidi. Ingqimba yesihlabathi noma amatshe ayisi-2 cm obukhulu ithululelwa esitsheni.Inhlabathi ese-aquarium ingahle ithuliswe.
Isitshalo se-Aquarium sithola zonke izakhamzimba ngamanzi futhi akudingeki sondliwe. Umthombo wezakhamzimba we-bacopa uwukudla kanye nemikhiqizo ebalulekile yezinhlanzi, kufaka phakathi i-sludge. Izinhlobo zeMonier ziphikisana nokuqukethwe emanzini alukhuni nangosawoti omncane. 
Bacopa Monier
Ukuzala
Ukuzala i-bacopa akunzima kakhulu. Kuyelulekwa ukuyikhulisa ngemisiko minyaka yonke. Indlela ye-vegetative ikuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze izici zokuhlukahluka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-biennials kanye nabantu abadala asebekhulile baqhakaza kakhulu.
Ukusika kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari-Mashi - ukusika kusikwa, mhlawumbe okungenani kube yi-10 cm (15 cm ngezinhlobo ezinde). Isampula zamanzi atshalwa emabhodweni, angajuli ngokujulile amaqabunga aphansi, noma avunyelwe ukubhukuda kuze kube yilapho izimpande zikhula.
Ezinhlotsheni zomhlaba, izinhlamvu ezisikiwe zigcinwa emanzini kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivele, khona-ke zitshalwe enhlabathini evulekile eyenziwe yenzelwe izithombo. Ngemuva kokubamba imbala, bathuthelwa emabhodweni "wokuhlala" unomphela. Ehlobo, ungasakaza izingqimba.
Isiza ekugxilweni kwezindlela zokusika ukwelashwa kwe-heteroauxin, i-gamma-aminobutyric acid, i-epin amahora amaningi. Ngemuva kokutshala nokubuyisela izitshalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kaningi unisele inhlabathi bese ufafaza izithombo.
ISuther nayo isakazwa ngento yembewu - ethosiwe ngosuku, ihlwanyelwe ngaphansi kwengilazi esitsheni esine-peat substrate yokuhluma. Imbewu imane icindezelwe emhlabathini hhayi ukungcwatshwa.
Imvamisa umswakama umhlaba kusuka kwisifutho - akufanele some. Amazinga wokushisa - + 22-26 ° С. Isikhathi sokuhluma siyizinsuku eziyi-19-14. Zonke izigaba zokukhula zingabonakala esithombeni.
Kwenziwa izinto ezimbili - eyokuqala lapho kuvela amaqabunga amathathu ezitsheni ezihlukile, elesibili lapho amathangi eba mancane, kanti izithombo zingcwatshwa kancane. Ngemuva kwesonto, izithombo ezincane zondliwa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi, zixutshwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa nomthamo wezimbali zabantu abadala.
Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3-4, izithombo zizobe zikulungele ukutshala. Izithombo "intukuthelo" - yenziwe elangeni futhi ijwayele ukukhanya kwelanga. Izithombo zitshalwa ngesikhala esilingana nobude obungahlukahluka besihlahla.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
IBacopa empeleni ayiguli, futhi uma imbali inokubukeka kabi, lokhu kungenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele: ukuntuleka kokukhanya, ukunisela okuningana, kanye nomhlabathi ongafanele. Izinambuzane nezindlela zokulawula zichazwe etafuleni.
| Inkinga | Isixazululo |
| Ama-aphid. I-Whitefly Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Ukufafaza nge-acaricide. |
| Isikhunta sooty. Ukhunta olubunjiwe. Isikhunta grey. | Imbangela yesilonda ukugcinwa kwamazinga okushisa aphansi. Kulokhu, umqhele unciphile futhi uphathwe nge-fungicide (kathathu ngezinsuku eziyisikhombisa). |
Ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha
Izici zokupholisa ze-sutra:
- anti-ukuvuvukala;
- ukuphulukiswa kwenxeba;
- ama-painkiller;
- antioxidant;
- tonic;
- izazi zezinkanyezi;
- okokugcoba.
IBacopa inomphumela onenzuzo enkulu ebuchosheni nakuhlelo lwezinzwa, isetshenziselwa ingozi yengozi yokushayeka kwengqondo, isifo se-Alzheimer, ingcindezi, ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo namakhono okuqonda. Amalungiselelo weBacopa asetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yabantu.
