I-diploma ngenxa yobuhle bayo nephunga layo libizwa ngokuthi "ipharadesi" isitshalo. Izimbali ezinkulu ezivelele zamathoni ahlukene ngamagundane avamile nabezinhlangothi ezimbili zimboza iziqu, ngokucacile zifika ngemuva kwesiqabunga sehlamvu elimnyama. Ngezandla ezihlakaniphile, imbali ingaguqula ibe yisihlahla esiphezulu noma ibe i-liana enhle kakhulu eyoqhakaza kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile - ngisho nasemapulini, ngisho nasensimini. Amasiko akulula ukunakekelwa. Yingakho abanye abalimi abasha besaba ukuthola. Eqinisweni, akuzona zonke izinto ezinzima njengoba kubonakala ekuqaleni. Ake sizame ukubonisana nochwepheshe ukuthi ikhetha amalungiselelo okubambisana, yiziphi izici nezinkinga ekutshalweni kwayo.
Uyazi? Ezincwadini ze-botanical, lesi sitshalo sikhethwe ngamagama amabili ahlukene: "idiplomatic" ne "mandeville". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imbali yavulwa kabili. Ekuqaleni, ososayensi bakuthola emahlathini aseBrazil futhi bakubiza ngokuthi "deplodenie", okusho ngesiGreki ukuthi "onezinkanyezi ezimbili." Esikhathini esithile kamuva, olunye uhambo lwathola isiko emazweni ase-Argentina, abhalisa njengelungu elisha futhi lanikeza igama ngokuhlonipha isithunywa seNgisi, umqoqo omkhulu wezitshalo zokuhlobisa, uSir Henry John Mandeville. Ama-botanist anamuhla ayenze iphutha ngokuhlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zibe yinye, kodwa abazange bacabange igama elivamile.
Izimo eziduduzayo zokukhulisa umbuso endlini
Endalweni yemvelo, utshani obusondayo lwehlathi, oluvikelwe emlilweni wokushisa ilanga nemimoya, kuvame ukuba ngumuntu ozobamba iqhaza. Ezingxenyeni zethu, ngeke sikwazi ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke ngenxa yamahora amancane emini. Kodwa uma unikeza uMandeville ukunakekelwa okusemandleni ekhaya, ngeke kudumale.
Ukukhethwa nokukhanyisa
Igumbi lihle ukuba i-diploadiya ifanele empumalanga. Ilanga elithambile ilanga lizokwenza imfudumalo ibe yifudumele futhi ilula. Emafasitela aseningizimu, lesi sitshalo sizohlala silwela ukusinda, njengoba sizozizwa singanaki ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi eshisayo. Kusuka kokushisa, amahlamvu awo angahle aphenduke amahlumela aphuzi kanye nezimbali. Uma iziqu zide kakhulu futhi ezimbalwa zifihlekile, imbali yaseMandeville ayifuni kahle. 
Inani lokukhanya elitholiwe libaluleke ngokukhethekile esikhathini esiphakathi kwentwasahlobo kuya phakathi kwekwindla, lapho ibhodlela likhula. Ochwepheshe bacebisa ehlobo ukubeka isitshalo engadini ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-branched. Kukhona izimali zokubambisana zizogcinwa ezikhungweni nasebusweni obuqondile. Omunye wezimbali zezinkathi zonyaka walitshala ngebhodlela. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, lokhu akufanele kwenziwe, ngoba ubusika obusika isitshalo sivivinywa kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ingayeka ukuqhakaza.
Uma imbali ikhule ngaphansi kwezimo zefulethini, ehlobo kuyobe ikhululekile emkheneni ovulekile. Ukushaya umoya njalo kubalulekile. Ebusika, isiko sidinga ukukhanya okungeziwe kanye nomswakama. Ngesizo sezibani ze-fluorescent, ukusebenza amahora angu-14 kuya kwangu-16, ngokunakekelwa kahle, ungakwazi ukufeza izimbali zomnyaka. Kodwa lo msebenzi onzima ungenziwa kuphela ngabalimi bezimbali abanolwazi. Ezimweni eziningi, abathandi bezithelo zokuhlobisa banqanda ukuthuthukiswa kwamasiko, beyithumela esimweni sokulimala.
Uyazi? Abathandi baseLatin America bathanda izingxoxo ngokuthi "iJasmine yaseBrazil", "rose rose" futhi ngisho "umuthi wothando waseMexico".
Izimo zokushisa
I-mandeville ethandekayo ngenhloso yokuthuthukiswa okuphelele kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lilinganiselwa kuma-20 kuya kwangu-26 degrees. Ngendlela, izinga eliphezulu lokushisa, likhanyisa umbala wezinhlamvu. Emthunzini ehlobo, isitshalo singakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokushisa kwamazinga angu-36, futhi ebusika uphawu lokushisa akufanele luwe ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-15. Lona izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu ebhodweni lokuphosa. Uma ubeka umgomo wokufeza izimbali zomnyaka, ukushisa kwekamelo kufanele kube ngama-degree angu-25.
Imithetho yokunakekela i-diplomaenia ekhaya
Uma wazi ukuthi unakekela kanjani abantu abahlobisa ukusuka emasendweni ashisayo, khona-ke amalungelo e-diplomatic ngeke akunike inkathazo eyengeziwe ekunakekeleni nasekulimeni. Le mbali idinga umswakama okwanele emhlabathini nasemoyeni, ukondla okwesikhashana nokudala izihlahla kuyadingeka ukusekela ifomu lokuhlobisa.
Ukunisela kanye nomswakama
Ukuze ukukhula kahle imbali idinga umswakama ohlelekile, inhlabathi evuthayo kanye nokugeleza okuhle. Umhlabathi phakathi kokuchelela kufanele ube omisiwe kancane. Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, inani lamanzi elibanjwe yizimpande landa. Lesi sitshalo asithandi i-swampy substrate ebhodweni, ezimweni ezinjalo ingagula futhi ife. Qinisekisa ukuthi phansi kwe-tank kukhona ukuvuleka okukhethekile ukukhipha amanzi angaphezu kwepanini.
Umswakama uphinde ulinganise. Ehlobo, ukuchelela okukodwa noma amabili ngosuku kuyanele. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokulimala, lesi sitshalo siphuziswa kancane, sinciphisa kanye kanye ngesonto. Ebusika, ibhodlela ligcinwa ezimweni ezipholile, ziphuziswa kuphela emva kokuba umhlaba usomile ebhodweni futhi ungasetshenzisiwe kuze kuvuke.
Amanzi okugcoba kufanele ame futhi abe nokushisa kwamahhala. Ingahlanjululwa kancane ngejamu le-lemon noma i-asidi, ngoba uMandeville ukhetha imvelo enamandla. I-adidification ingenziwa ngisho neviniga, uma nje amanzi okuchelela ahlezi kahle futhi elahlekelwa iphunga. Akufanelekile ukuphuza amanzi anzima ngesikhumba esiningi. Kungcono ukunisela nokunisela ubuhle baseningizimu ngamanzi emvula, futhi ezindaweni eziphambene kunconywa ukuthi ubilise amanzi ompompi bese uvumela ukuma.
Kubalulekile! Ebusika, i-depository isusiwe kude nama-radiator okushisa okuphakathi kanye nama-heaters.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwembali
Ukutshala imbali kunconywa ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, lapho kuhluma amaqabunga futhi ngesikhathi sezimbali. Qala ukondla nyanga zonke kusukela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwesitshalo, okwenza njalo ngesonto umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, noma yiziphi izithako ezenziwe nge-nitrogen ezizokwenza. Esikhathini esizayo, lapho i-biomass eluhlaza ikhula ngokwanele, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphuziswa ngekhambi le-phosphorus-potassium. Okuphakelayo kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yisikhathi eside. Ukuthunyelwa kwezidakamizwa ebusika ngenxa yokuvimbela ukukhula akudingi ukudla okunempilo okuhle.
Qalisa
Njengoba unikezwe izindawo ezinkulu zeMandeville, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyigqoke kanjani, kufanele uzinakekele ngokusekela imbali. Ngisho noma esikhathini esizayo uyayibona nje isihlahla esincane, izinsizakalo zeziqu zesitembu ziyadingeka. Emvelweni walo wemvelo, umvini uhanjiswa ngamamitha amabili. Ingafinyelela ubude obufanayo ezimweni ezihle ekutshalweni kwegumbi. Uma uthenga isiteleka se-diploadia, cabanga ngobudala bayo, ubude behlumela kanye nesistimu yezimpande, kanye nomthamo webhodlela.
Ukudubula
Isihambeli saseTropical sikhula ngokushesha. Ihlumela elincane ngemuva kokutshala ngokushesha lihlanganisiwe kakhulu, kodwa akuzona zonke izihlumela eziphatha ukuqhuma ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokulimala.
Ngezinye izikhathi abalimi abangenalwazi balahlekelwa yilokho okumele kwenziwe nge-liana elahlekelwe ukuma kwayo, kanjani futhi nini ukuqeda ukuzombusazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo esingenqunyiwe sihlambalaza kabi futhi silahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa.
Ukuphrinta kunconywe ngemuva kokuqhakaza ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuzola. Izinsuku ezicacile: maphakathi no-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Okokuqala, amahlumela angu-2/3 asusiwe, ayengenaso isikhathi sokuthuthukisa. Bese uqhubekela phambili ekubumbeni, ubencishiswe yi-third or half after fork. Ngentwasahlobo, lindela ukubukeka kwamafihlethi kumagatsha amancane kuphela. Leli qiniso lifanelekile ukucabangela uma wenza umqhele omibala. Abalimi abanolwazi bayalinqabela, ngoba abafuni ukunikela ngenzuzo enkulu yeziko - izimbali zalo. Kungcono ukwakha umqhele oqhamukayo ngokufaka amahlumela athelekile ekusekeleni.
Kubalulekile! Uma uxhumane nesikhumba, ijusi laseMandeville lidala ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergen bese kusha. Ngakho-ke, wonke umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngamagilavu, futhi emva kwenkambiso, hlamba kahle izingubo nezandla.
Izici ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi esibi kakhulu
Ebusika, i-diploadineniya ivame ukumisa ukukhula kwamahlumela, ukunciphisa inani lamanzi. Ngenxa yalokho, ekukhanyeni okwanele kwezitshalo zokugcina izitshalo kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Ngaphambili kunqunywa futhi ithunyelwe ekamelweni elipholile, lapho izinga lokushisa lingekho ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-15. Akunconywa ngokucacile ukufaka isitsha ngesibhubhe sebumba esitsheni sefasitela egumbini elibandayo noma ebhaleni. Inhlabathi e-supercooled iyoholela ekufeni kwezimpande.
UMandevilla uthululwa phezu kokuphumula njengoba umhlaba usomile ebhodweni. Ukuphalaza nokugqoka isitimela kuze kube yilapho sekuvuswa ngokugcwele.
Ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane
I-mandeville emnene izwela kakhulu ezimweni zokulima. Amaphutha amancane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusika, ahambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande ze-nematodes, ezibonakaliswa ukwanda kwama-stems nokubunjwa kwama-rhizomes. Ukuze ulondoloze imbali enesifo, ngeshwa, asisekho.
Zonke izifo ze-diploadia zibangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Izilokazane zezinambuzane zezimbali ziyi-spider mites kanye ne-mealybugs. Lapho izibonakaliso zokuqala zomsebenzi wazo ezibalulekile, iziqu kufanele ziphathwe nezinambuzane "Aktellik", "Aktara", "Agravertin". Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola njalo ibhodlela. Ngokuvamile, abathandi bezitshalo basendlini banakekele inkinga lapho idiphozi isivele iphendukile futhi amaqabunga ewile noma ama-stalks asemile. Futhi eqinisweni, isizathu salokhu kuziphatha kwakukushisa okungalungile.
Ngaphandle kokukhanya, amaqabunga abe umbala ongenakuphila, ummbizi awuqhakazi. Uma amaqabunga egijimela phansi, futhi ama-cuttings amancane ephela, kubalulekile ukukhulisa umswakama ekamelweni nasemhlabathini. Ungaphazamisi ukondla okwengeziwe. Amahlamvu omisiwe anama-semi ashicilela ekomelweni kanye nelungiselelo elingalungile lembali.
Mhlawumbe uphansi kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet, kushisa. Uma idiphozithi eyomile yoma, bheka: uma kukhona izinambuzane kulo, uma izimpande zingazange zibole ngokweqile komswakama. Uma uqiniseka ukuthi awuzange wenze amaphutha ekunakekelweni, futhi awuzange ubone umsebenzi obalulekile wezinambuzane ezinobungozi, imbangela yembali engajabuli emgodini ophansi wezinga eliphezulu. Pot kumele badlulise.
Uyazi? Izizwe zakudala zishisa umusi wamicibisholo edibeneyo yokufaka ukuzingela umdlalo. Abathengi bafunde ukusebenzisa ubuthi ekukhatheni izifo ze-urological and heart.
Ukufakelwa nini futhi kanjani: umhlabathi nembiza yokukhula
UMandeville udinga ukufakelwa njengoba uhlelo lwempande lukhula. Lokhu kuboniswa yizimpande eziphuma emigodini yamanzi. Umthamo omuhle wokufika ungama-30 cm ububanzi nobubanzi obuyi-15 cm. Kubalulekile ukucabangela lokhu ukuze ugweme izinkinga ngokuhambisana nezixhaswa.
Kuyisici lokho izitshalo ezincane ziyizimpande futhi zikhule kangcono ku-peat substrates, nezibonelo ezivuthiwe ngaphezulu kwe-turf. Kuzo zonke izimo, izwe lokufakelwa kabusha kufanele lihanjiswe ngezinto eziwusizo, kancane kumuncu. Inhlabathi yonke iyalungiswa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zesihlabathi somfula, i-humus, i-peat, i-sod (inkuni elukhuni). Zonke izingxenye zihlanganisiwe kahle, zikhululiwe. Ngaphansi kwe-tank, okuyinto ngamamitha angamamitha ambalwa ngaphezu kwesidlule, udaka noma izitini zezitini zibekiwe. Uma ukufakelwa kwesitshalo akubangelwa izifo zezitshalo, i-tuber yobumba idluliselwa embizeni entsha futhi ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi luvuselelwa.
Ukutshala izihlahla kungcono ukukwenza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukuxhunyelela umbhali
Ekuzaliseni i-diplopentine ekhaya yisici se-cuttings. Amahlumela asetsheni entwasahlobo anqunywa kusukela esihlahleni somama, eshiya amaqabunga amathathu kuya kwanguyi ku-cuttings. Ukuze kutholakale inqwaba yamagatsha, amagatsha afakwa endaweni engaphansi kwe-peat futhi efakwe indebe epulasitiki noma isikhwama seplastiki. Amandla afakwa endaweni efudumele inyanga nengxenye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo i-greenhouse ihlale iphuziswa futhi igcwele umoya.
Lapho lezi zinqunyiwe zisekelwe ngokugcwele, zitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukene. Embizeni eyodwa ungabeka iziqu eziningana ukuze udale umqhele obukhulu wezimbali.
