I-Palma Washingtonia: incazelo, izinhlobo, ama-nuances wokunakekelwa

IWashingtonia isitshalo esingowomndeni wasePalm. Izindawo zokusabalalisa - eningizimu ye-USA, entshonalanga neMexico. Yathola igama layo ukuhlonipha uMongameli wokuqala waseMelika.

Izici nokubukeka kweWashington

Umuthi wesundu unamahlamvu amancanyana avela ku fan afinyelela kubude obuyi-1.5 m. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, akhula afinyelela kumamitha angama-25. I-Petioles ayinalutho, ifinyelela kumamitha elilodwa nesigamu ngosayizi. I-Foliage iqukethe izingxenye, phakathi kwazo kukhona imicu eyingqayizivele.

IWashingtonia ikhule ezifundeni ezingaphansi komhlaba, lapho ifudukela enkabeni yeRussia, kungenzeka ingahlali ebusika. Uma womisa umoya, kuba lula ukuthi isihlahla sesundu sisinde ekubandeni.

Lapho ukhule ekhaya, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuncane kakhulu, cishe ngo-1.5-3 m, kepha kusadinga isikhala, umoya omusha kanye nokukhanya okuhle. Kunconywa ukukhula lesi sitshalo kuvulandi, emphemeni noma ku-loggia.

IWashingtonia ayikulungele ukubukelwa phansi komhlaba, ngoba iyagula lapho kunothuli oluningi, umusi noma ukungcola emoyeni.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Washington zokulima okungaphakathi endlini

Zimbili kuphela izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingatshalwa egumbini:

IWashingtonia ine-nitiferous. Isitshalo sangemuva, esifana nesihlahla, esinamahlamvu fan. Emvelweni, ukhula aze afike ku-20 m ukuphakama. Endlini kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-3 .Phezulu esiqwini kunozinwele abelukhuni. Umbala - oluhlaza grey. Izimbali zimhlophe. Iyamelana namazinga okushisa aphansi impela, ebusika kuba ntofontofo ku + 6 ... +15 ° C. Ekhaya, lolu hlobo lwesundu lubhekwa njengoludliwe, ama-petioles wesithelo esidliwayo adliwa ngendlela ebilisiwe, yize kamuva nje isidlo esinjalo singasetshenziswa.
IVashintony robusta. Isitshalo esifana nesihlahla esidala njengemvelo sakhula sifinyelela kumamitha angama-30. Ekhaya, ngonyaka wokuqala sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-50 cm, kodwa futhi siyaqhubeka nokukhula emva kwalokho, kwesinye isikhathi size sifike kumamitha amathathu. Isiqu esincanyana nesisemaphethelweni, okukhona kuso ukuqhekeka okuncane. Amaqabunga ahlukaniswa engxenyeni yesithathu, enomzimba omile. I-Petioles yongated, red red at base. Izimbali zipinki. I-Negatively isho ukushisa, ngakho-ke, emazingeni okushisa we-+30 ° C, isitshalo ngokushesha kudingeka sakhiwe. Ebusika, uzizwa ekhululekile ekushiseni kwegumbi (+ 21 ... +23 ° C).

Izinhlobo ezethulwe eWashington zishintshwe kahle nezindawo ezingaphansi kweCrimea neNyakatho Caucasus, lapho lezi zihlahla zesundu zingakhula khona emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya kweWashington

Lapho unakekela i-Washington ekhaya, kufanele unake inkathi yonyaka:

Ipharamitha	Ntwasahlobo ehlobo	Ukuwa kobusika
Indawo, izibani	Idinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle, kepha kufanele ivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Isikhathi sasemini singamahora ayi-16, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ebusika, kukhanyiswe isibani se-fluorescent. Kunconywa ukubeka eceleni kwempumalanga noma ngasentshonalanga kwendlu.
Ukushisa, umswakama	+ 20 ... +24 ° C. Udinga umswakama ophezulu, fafaza izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngosuku. Ngokushisa okukhulu, sula amahlamvu ngendwangu emanzi. Izinga lokushisa lika-+30 ° C liyingozi emthini wesundu, kulapho kufanele lihanjiselwe khona egumbini elipholile.	Ingabekezelela iqhwa elincanyana, kepha kungcono ukungavumeli lokhu futhi kulondoloze amazinga okushisa esifundeni sika + 7 ... +10 ° C. Fafaza izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto.
Ukunisela	Ngamanzi afudumele njengoba umhlabathi woma woma, kwethulwa amanzi ngaphansi kwesiqu.	Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zomile ingaphezulu. Imvamisa kufanele ilawulwe, ngoba ukukhuphula ngokweqile kungathinta kabi izimfanelo zesandla sokuhlobisa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu	Hlanganisa umanyolo wamaminerali ne-organic, amahlandla ama-2 ngenyanga. Isitshalo sidinga kakhulu i-iron. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangwe lapho ukhetha umanyolo.	Misa isicelo somanyolo.

Ukufakelwa, inhlabathi

Isikhathi esifanele sokufakelwa kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuMashi. Izitshalo ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-3 ubudala kufanele zithathelwe indawo minyaka yonke. Abantu abadala abaningi njalo eminyakeni emi-3-5.

IWashington, eyaguqula iminyaka eyi-10, ayikwazi ukuthi itshalwe kabusha.

Ngokufakelwa, udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi kusuka kulezi zinto ezilandelayo ngesilinganiso se-2: 2: 2: 1:

umhlaba wefudu;
inhlabathi eshidi;
i-humus noma i-peat;
isihlabathi.

Ngemuva kokulungisa inhlabathi nembiza entsha, lesi sitshalo kufanele sisuswe ngokucophelela esitsheni esidala nomhlabathi osele ususwe ezimpandeni. Okulandelayo, beka esitsheni esisha bese usigcwalisa nge-substrate esele isilungiselelwe. Ungakhohlwa nge-drainage layer, equkethe amatshe ayigugu, kufanele ithathe cishe i-1/3 yebhodwe.

Lapho ufaka, udinga ukulahla izihlahla, ngoba intende yaseWashington iyisitshalo sokuhlobisa, ayizukubekezelela le nqubo. Kuphela amaqabunga aqothulayo avunyelwe ukusikwa.

Ukuzala

Ukusabalalisa lesi sitshalo esingaphakathi endlini, sebenzisa imbewu:

Kungcono ukuqala ukumila imbewu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kepha ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi kufanele ihlelwe kabusha. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa ummese obukhali, kwenziwa imigqa emincane enhlanyelweni, khona-ke ibekwa nge-gauze emanzi bese ibekwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezingama-7-10. Ngemuva kwesonto, bavusa ukukhula ngokubabeka amahora angama-10-12 kwizixazululo ze-Epin.
Ngemuva kokulungisa inhlabathi kusuka kulezi zingxenye: inhlabathi eshidi, isihlabathi esihle, i-peat (4: 1: 1).
Isendlalelo esincane sithululelwa ezitsheni esele zikhethwe, imbewu ifakwa kuzo futhi zifafazwa ngenhlabathi ubude obuyi-1-2 cm.Umhlaba uyaniselwa, bese kuthi iziqubu ezinembewu zimbozwe ifilimu. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukudala umphumela wokubamba ukushisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombo zidayiswa ngesikhathi futhi ziniselwe. Ifomu lokuqala lamahlumela ezinyangeni ezi-2, ngemuva kwalokho iziqukathi ezineWashington zihanjiswa endaweni ekhanyiselwe kakhudlwana. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-2-3, izitshalo zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Yenza lokhu ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande zesandla.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ngesikhathi sokutshala i-Washingtonia ezimweni zamakamelo, lesi sitshalo singathinteka izifo ezahlukahlukene futhi sihlushwa ukuvezwa kwezinambuzane eziyingozi:

Izimpawu noma i-Pest	Isizathu	Lwa
Kumnyama kwamathiphu amahlamvu.	Ukunisela okungalawulwanga, ukusilela kwe-potassium.	Imodi yokunisela ibuyiselwa emuva evamile, ukufaka umanyolo ngomanyolo oqukethe i-potassium kwenziwa.
Ukubuka kweqabunga.	Umswakama omningi wenhlabathi, gxuma eliqinile lokushisa.	Isimo sesundu siba sejwayelekile kuphela ngemuva kokubuyela ezimeni ezijwayelekile.
Ukubola kohlelo lwempande.	Imvamisa yokunisela kakhulu.	Basusa iWashingtonia ebhodweni, bayihlikihle phansi, futhi basuse izimpande ezibolile.
I-Mealybug, isikali, imhlophe.	Ukuvela kwamabala amhlophe, isixha samahlamvu.	Lesi sitshalo siphathwa nganoma yikuphi ukubulala izinambuzane (Actellik, Nurell).