Izici zokutshala ugwayi ocolile kusuka kumbewu ngokusebenzisa izithombo

Kunezitshalo ezingahle zihlobise noma iyiphi indawo noma iqoqo lasekhaya lezimbali.

Igwayi elimnandi elimnandi - enye yalezi zilwane. Cabanga ukuthi ungakukhulisa kanjani.

Ugwayi omuhle: Incazelo emfushane

Kukhona isitshalo esivela eNingizimu Melika. Ezindaweni zemvelo nezifudumele kuyisikhathi esingapheli, kodwa njengesitshalo sezinto ezihlotshaniswayo ezindaweni ezizungezile ezithinta izimbali ezithile zonyaka. KukaPasanova yomndeni.

I-Branched erect stem ngokwesilinganiso ifinyelela ku-80 cm ukuphakama. Kuye ngezimo ezihlukahlukene nezikhulayo, lesi sibalo singashintsha kusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-1.5 m. Amaqabunga asitshalo mkhulu (amaqabunga ase-basal anesimo esinqunyiwe, kanti amaqabunga amaqabunga aphezulu). Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bezimbali buyi-6-8 cm. Bayahlukaniswa ngokuma kwenkanyezi yabo, futhi ithubhu yinde isikhathi eside. Umbala ovame kakhulu umhlophe, kodwa kunezinhlobo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene ephuzi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu.

Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo ezindala zingadala inhlabathi engakalungi. Ngakho-ke, isayithi liphathwa ngaphambi kokufika.

Ugwayi uthando olunomsindo ozwakalayo iphunga, liphuma lapho liqhakaza. Esikhathini sokuqhakaza (kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba) izimbali ziqhakaza ebumnyameniukugcwalisa umoya ngephunga elimnandi. Ngamahora aqhakazile isitshalo "sivaliwe". Lokhu akusebenzi ezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid ezibomvu - zivulwa njalo kule nkathi, kodwa azizwa. Izimbali ezimhlophe, ngokuphambene nalokho, zenza iphunga elinamandla kakhulu.

Okudumile phakathi kwabafaki bezimbali zasekhaya basezinhlobonhlobo "I-Winged", "Ukukhanya Okuhlaza", "uMaju Noir", "i-Rom Green". Kulezi nzalo zikhetha ukude (kusukela ku-80 cm) umugqa "Jingle Bell" nethi "i-Dolce Vita".

Izithombo ezikhulayo zegwayi elimnandi

Lesi sitshalo kubhekwa njengento engavamile emaphakathini ethu, ngakho ukulima kwalo kudinga ukulungiselela okuthile. Ake sibone ukuthi ukuqala kuphi.

Ukulungiselela isikhathi nokulungiselela imbewu

Ake sithi silungele ukuthatha ugwayi onunuka, ikakhulukazi ukutshala kulo mbewu, kepha lapho ukutshala lesi sitshalo?

Ngesiko esinikeziwe, isikhathi esivamile ama-march-april. Abanye balimi bahlwanyela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaFebhuwari. Lokhu kuvunyelwe futhi, kepha ukuhlinzeka kuphela ngezimo zokukhula okugcwele nokunakekelwa okufanele.

Uyazi? Izithombo zegwayi elimnandi zingadideka kalula nezitshalo zokubhema "ukubhema" - amaqabunga awo afana okufanayo, okungeke kushiwo ngezimbali.

Imfucumfucu enomshukela incane kakhulu (cishe 7,000 kubo 1 g). Ukuphatha izinto ezinjalo kulula: eziningi imbewu eyomile ifakwa emhlabathini. Ungaphinde ulandele (usuku noma amabili ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela) uwafake emanzini afudumele, uphonsa amakhekhedi amaningi e-potassium nitrate lapho. Izinyathelo ezinjalo zizokhuthaza ukukhula.

Umhlabathi wezithombo ezikhulayo

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ugwayi ocolile, bheka umhlaba. Inhlabathi kumele ibe nesondlo. "Gcina" ama-substrates azokwenza, kodwa ungalima umhlabathi esakhiweni ngokwakho (ubambelele ekushiseni i-disinfection). Ukuze uthole amanzi angcono, engeza isihlabathi esithile (okungekho ngaphezu kwe-1/3 yenani eliphelele), elikhulula isendlalelo.

Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi iyanamanzi.

Ukuhlobisa isayithi lakho, ungakhetha izimbali eziyojabulisa iso ngemibala ekhanyayo entwasahlobo, ehlobo noma yonke inkathi efudumele.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ukwaziswa kwembewu kuncane kakhulu, yingakho ukunemba kubalulekile lapho usebenza. Inqubo yokuhlwanyela ugwayi ocolile ibukeka kanje:

• imbewu isakazwa ngokulinganayo phezu kwendawo yonke yomhlabathi;
• amapipsi agxilile kancane emhlabathini (ukujula okuphezulu - 5 mm);
• Emva kwalokho, izitshalo azihlanganiswa nomhlaba;
• Ibhodlela noma ibhokisi limbozwe ifilimu ebonakalayo noma isembozo futhi ifakwe endaweni enezinga lokushisa elivamile lika +20 ° C.

Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane bezinhlamvu ezingaxubaniswa esihlabathini, bese usakaza ngokulinganayo lokhu kungqimba phezu komhlaba.

Izimo zokuhluma imbewu

Umkhuba weThermophilic uchazwe akulula ukubekezelela isomiso. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wokuqala ekutshalweni kwawo ukuhlinzeka ngemibuso efanele yokukhanya nokunisela. Emasontweni amabili okuqala ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, shiya ibhodlela eliboshwe nge-foil. Uma uwubeka eceleni, ukuthuthwa komswakama kuzolawulwa ngaphandle kokungenela okuningi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye nokunisela imali ngalesi sikhathi akukwenziwa. Enye into - ukutshala ugwayi ocolile kusuka ezindaweni ezibandayo. Njengokuhlwanyela kokuqala, ukukhanyisa okungeziwe kanye nokuchelela kungadingeka.

I-phytolamp izokubhekana ngokugcwele nento yokuqala, nakuba ama-model anama-luminescent azophinde afane. Ngokuqondene nokuchelela, kwenziwa kuphela spray gun (ayikho amathini okuphuza), angeke anikeze ukucindezela okukhulu futhi angeke ahlanze imbewu engavuthiwe.

Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo

Ngesonto lesibili noma yesithathu ngemuva kokutshala amahlumela. Ukuziqinisa uzidingayo:

• susa ikhava;
• ukunciphisa kancane izinga lokushisa (ngokuvamile ibhodlela lidluliselwa kwelinye igumbi);
• ukuchelela okulinganiselayo (ngalesi sigaba akunakwenzeka ukuba kunwebe umhlabathi);
• ukunciphisa ukukhanya okukhulu, njengoba amahlumela ahluke ekumelaneni kwawo nomthunzi.

Uyazi? Kukhona amacala lapho imbewu ihlala ifana iminyaka engu-7-8.

Yiqiniso, esakhiweni nge amahlumela amancane akufanele kube khona ukhula. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ezitshalweni ezihlwanyelwe ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo.

Emva kwalokhu, ukuhlwanyela ugwayi ocolile kwizithombo kuqhubeka esigabeni esilandelayo futhi silungiselela ukukhethwa.

Izithombo zokupheka

Ngosuku lwama-20, owokuqala ushiya. Uma sebevele sebebabili noma abathathu ngesikhathi esisodwa, benza ukukhetha. Le nqubo ijwayele kubo bonke abalimi:

• Ingxenye yehora ngaphambi kokukhethwa, ugwayi uphuziswa ukuze unciphise inhlabathi endala.
• Ukubamba isitshalo ngamaqabunga, kunqotshwe ihlumela elincane. Ukubamba isitshalo esibucayi akusifisi.
• Ngemuva kokuba imbali ikhishwe, i-rhizome eyinhloko igwetshwe ngokucophelela cishe okwesithathu.
• Embizeni entsha yenza umgodi omncane. Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi akufanele kudlule u-5 mm ukusuka ekukhulumeni okukhulunywa ngawo (lokhu uphawu olubonakala kancane ngaphezu kwama-rhizomes).
• Izithombo zifafazwe, zibopha kancane umhlabathi wodwa.

Kubalulekile! Ukususwa kwengxenye ye-rhizome kuhlale kuphazamisa izitshalo. Lapha sidinga ukunemba okuphelele nokucacile ekuhambeni.

Ngemuva kokusebenza okunjalo kufanele ukulinganisela ukuphuza isitshalo ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukuhlwanyela ngesonto elilandelayo akusilo, izithombo manje kufanele zihlume endaweni entsha ngaphandle kokushiswa.

Qaphela ukuthi emva nje kokukhethwa, ugwayi onomsindo uhlushwa kancane, futhi ukufika okunjalo, kanye nokunakekela, kudinga amakhono athile.

Ukudlulisa amaphakheji amasha ezindaweni eziningi ezifakwe emthunzini akuyona into efiselekayo kakhulu; ngemuva kwakho konke, kungalimaza amahlumela ashisa. Kubalulekile ukungaphuthelwa isikhathi sokukhula, okungukuthi, ukungalindi kuze kube yilapho izithombo ziqiniswa kahle. Yebo, zibuthakathaka, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo zivumelanisa ngokushesha (ungaqinisekisi ukukhetha). Ngokuvame ukutshala izitshalo disinfect. Ngezinhlobo ze-hybrid, lokhu kuyadingeka, ngoba izithombo ezincane azikwazi ukulwa namabhaktheriya ngokwazo. Isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (1 ml yemkhiqizo ishisa ngamanzi alitha ngalinye) kuzovimbela ukubonakala kokubola nesibungulu ezimpandeni.

Izimila zinganciphisa ngokwenza ibhaluni noma i-veranda evulekile.

Ukukhetha kuyisilinganiso esidingekayo lapho ukhula izithombo zezimbali eziningi: i-petunias, i-salvia, i-aubrecia, i-tunbergia, i-heliotrope, i-kermek.

Ukutshala izithombo zegwayi elimnandi endaweni evulekile

Kufika umzuzu obalulekile: ugwayi ocolile ngesimo sezithombo ekugcineni uqiniswe ngokugcwele, ulungiselela ukuhlala emhlabathini. Indlela yokwenza le nqubo ngokushesha futhi ngempumelelo - funda.

Ukukhethwa kwesikhathi nendawo

Ngokuvamile, izitshalo zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, kuqiniseke ukuthi akukho frost eqhubekayo. Kodwa empeleni lokhu akwanele, ngoba inhlabathi kufanele ihlale ishisa. Eziningi zezinhlobo esinayo, isikhathi esihle sokutshala okunjalo siyoba ukuphela kukaMeyi yizinsuku zokuqala zikaJuni.

Inhlabathi ngokwalo kumele ikhuliswe. Inhlabathi enothile futhi "enzima" ayifakiwe. Abomakhelwane begwayi kule ndawo bangaba nezitshalo zensimu. Azikho izidingo ze "abandulele" noma.

Izitshalo ngalesi sikhathi kufanele zibe namandla amakhulu (0.5 cm).

Kubalulekile! Ukuphakama kweBush kungafinyelela ku-13-15 cm. Izibonelo ezinjalo zilungele ukuthuthukiswa ezindaweni ezivulekile.

Ucabanga ukuthi uzotshala kuphi ugwayi onomswakama ensimini, bheka izindawo ezinemizuzwana. I-flower yelanga engapheli ayifuni (ivala ngokushesha futhi ivame kakhulu).

Isu nenqubo yokufika

Konke kulula lapha:

• Izithombo ziyeke ukuchelela izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha.
• Amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba "ukuthutha" kuhlume kakhulu.
• Ukususa ngokucophelela izithombo kusuka ebhodweni, kufakwa kahle (uthele cishe ngamalitha angu-0.5 amanzi).
• Enkabeni yomgodi yenza i-groove, lapho isitshalo sifakwa khona. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo eziseduze kufanele libe ngu-25-30 cm.
• Izimpande zifafaza inhlabathi emanzi bese zichoboza isendlalelo esisha, emva kwalokho inhlabathi eyomile ibeke phezulu. Ngale ndlela ungagcina umswakama.

Kuqaphele ukuthi ugwayi ukhuthazela kalula ukutshala ngisho nesikhathi sokuvuna.

Uyazi? Izindawo zokuqala zikagwayi zaseYurophu zavela eSpain ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVI.

Ukunakekelwa kanye nezici zogwayi ovuthayo ovuthayo

Sazi ukuthi kufanele sitshale kuphi futhi kanjani ukutshala ugwayi ocolile. Isinyathelo esilandelayo - ukunakekelwa nokudla.

Ukuphuza njalo

Vula indawo evamile Ukuphuza isikhathi kuyisonto elilodwa. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu enezulu eshisayo, i-periodicity izoba "yindima" - umhlaba akufanele uphazamise.

Kakade ukutshala izimbali akudingi ukuchelela njalo. Kule ndaba, ugwayi ulungile ekunikezeni, ngoba imbali ihlala engenamanzi okuphuza, nakuba ungayisebenzisi kabi.

Ukulawulwa kokhula kanye nenhlabathi ivusa

Akukho okuhlukile emisebenzini efanayo namanye amasiko. Ukhula luyakususwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokunisela ukuze ubakhuphe ngaphandle kwezimpande. Inhlabathi eyomile yenza weeding. Uma kwakunobolweni utshani esiqhingini, kuzodingeka ubambe futhi ususe izimpande zawo ngaphambi kokutshala. Yiqiniso, sekude, kodwa kuphumelele.

I-Chemistry ehlasela ukhula iyingozi ezitshalweni ezizungezile futhi isetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Ukukhululeka kuhle ukwenza emva kokunisela noma imvula ngayinye: inhlabathi kufanele iphefumule, njengama-rhizomes.

Uyazi? Izinhlamvu zesi-Sandera azifihli imbali ekupheleni kwemini.

Umanyolo

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngezikhathi ezithile. Imikhiqizo iyazi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukubandakanya izidakamizwa ze-nitrogen kuphela. Banda ukwanda oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namaqabunga, kodwa hhayi izimbali. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umanyolo ofanayo usetshenziselwa ezinye izimbali zensimu. I-potassium efanelekayo - i-potassium magnesia ne-potassium sulfate. I-Superphosphate ngendlela ye-granules ayikho futhi. Ama-chloride compounds aphikisana.

Kubalulekile! Okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine emalungiselelweni kuthinta ukubukeka kwembali futhi ngezokwelapha njalo umphumela wokuhlobisa ngeke ube mnandi kakhulu.

Emva kwalokhu ukwelashwa, ungakwazi ukuqoqa imbewu enqolobaneni ngo-Agasti. Zifakwa endaweni eyomile, epholile.

Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane

Uma sicabangela ukuthi kufanele sikhule kanjani izimbali esimweni esinjalo njengesitshalo esimnandi sogwayi, sibona ukuphika kwawo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilonda. Lo mbono u phytoncide, okungukuthi, kungabuyisa izilokazane hhayi nje kuphela, kepha futhi nokukhula kwezitshalo.

Ngeshwa, akukho sifo siphelile. Isibonelo, kufanele ukhumbule isikhutha se-powdery esithinta amahlamvu esitshalo. Ngaphandle kwekhasi kukhona izindawo ezingacacile (ngezikhathi ezithile nomngcele), okugcina ekuhlanganiseni kwendawo eyodwa eyodwa enkulu. Amagqabunga anganciphisa bese awa. Izimbali nazo zikhubazekile.

Ngalesi sifo silwela izindlela ezinjalo:

• Ukuqhuma umlotha (amalitha ama-2-3 wamanzi abilayo wengeze u-0.5 umlotha futhi ugubungele, emva kwalokho ukuhlanganiswa kuthululwa ku-container engu-10 litre, kuhlanjululwa ngamanzi abandayo).
• I-garo decoction. Amalitha angu-10 wamanzi athatha i-75 g wegaliki encibilikisiwe bese uletha ingxube emathunjini. Ngemuva kokupholisa, izitshalo zifakwe.
• Ubisi lwe-iodine: amalitha ayisishiyagalolunye amanzi / ilitha elilodwa lobisi lwe-skim kanye namaconsi angu-10 e-iodine ka-5%.

Uyazi? Ugwayi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, unokuphepha kwembewu ephakeme, okusho ukuthi iningi lembewu ehlwanyelwe lizohluma.

Izifo ezinjengezimpande zibola, ama-rabuhs nama-fungus amabhaktheriya angaphazamisa imbali kuphela lapho izimbali eziseduze zithintekayo, futhi ugwayi ngokwawo ungabhekana nazo.

Indaba efanayo nezinambuzane. Uma utshala endaweni evulekile, izitshalo ezincane zivame ukuhlaselwa yi-flea ebumba. Iqedwa ngokufafaza isitshalo ngomlotha (izikhathi eziningana ngesizini). Ngezinye izikhathi kutholakala izidakamizwa zaseColorado ezilambayo, okumele zihlulwe ngesandla. Ama-aphid awabekezeleli i-ammonia, kodwa udinga ukuwaqaphela kakhulu: ngenxa yesisekelo se-nitrogen, amanani amakhulu ale-agent ayithandeki ngezimbali.

Sithemba ukuthi siphendule ngokuphelele umbuzo wokuthi ungatshala kanjani ugwayi ocolile, futhi izimbali zalo ezimnandi zizokuthokoza ebusuku.