I-Poinsettia yi-shrub evela emndenini we-Euphorbiaceae wohlobo lwe-Euphorbiacea, olungeniswa kusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMexico naseMelika Ephakathi. E-Yurophu, ikhulela ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nezindlu, imvamisa iba yingxenye yesakhiwo sengadi ezifundeni eziseningizimu noma iqembu lokungena engadini ebusika. Ukunakekelwa ekhaya kwe-poinsettia kudinga ukwakhiwa kwezimo eziseduze nemvelo.
Ukuchazwa kwe-Poinsettia
Izici Key:
- Ukuphakama emvelweni - 3-4 m, ekhaya - kusuka ku-30 cm kuye ku-1 m.
- Isikhathi sezimbali sisebusika (eRussia), okungukuthi kusuka ngoDisemba kuya kuFebhuwari, ngakho-ke kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezingomeni zoNyaka oMusha.
- Amacembe aphansi aluhlaza okotshani we-emerald, afinyelela ku-15 cm. Anesimo se-elliptical, petiolate. Isiqu siqedela imbali encane.
- Izimbali ezincane ezinamabhulashi, ziqoqwe ku-rosette ebukekayo.
- Ayilahli amaqabunga ebusika.
- Amabhulashi angamaqabunga afinyelela ku-15 cm ubude, enombala okhanyayo ohlukile kunawo wonke umqhele oluhlaza.
E-Russia, lesi sitshalo saziwa nangokuthi i-Euphorbia the Great. Futhi elinye igama yiNkanyezi yaseBetlehema. Izinganekwane eziningana zikaKhisimusi zihlotshaniswa nale shrub. Igama lesimanje lesayensi yezolimo livela egameni lokugcina lenxusa laseMelika eMexico, uJoel Robert Poinset. Nguyena owaqala wathumela lesi simila eMelika, lapho abafuyi bezitshalo bamqaphela khona lapho.
Izithombe zePunsettia zivame ukusetshenziswa kumakhadi wezipho zikaKhisimusi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinombala ophuzi, wobisi, wezitini kanye nopende ophuzi ziyabhulwa.
Indima eyinhloko ye-poinsetia ekuzaleni kwasekhaya ukuhlobisa. Isitshalo sithanda ilanga, ngenkathi sikhula kahle ezimeni zangaphakathi. Isidingo somswakama sinqunyelwe, ngokwemvelo siyanda ehlobo.
Nikeza ukunakekelwa kwe-poinsettia ngaphandle kwamakhono akhethekile, kulandela izincomo eziyisisekelo.
Izinhlobo ze-poinsettia zokuzalela ekhaya
Izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zenzelwe umhlobiso ongaphakathi, kepha ezithandwa kakhulu yi-poinsettia ebomvu. Bambeka njengoNyaka oMusha, ujwayelene nathi kusukela ekuhlobiseni kukaKhisimusi wezitolo zase-Europe.
Izinhlobo | Isihloko | Umbala we-Bract |
| Izinhlobo ezibomvu | ICortez Fire | Ubomvu ogqamile. Esokuqala esinesithunzi somlilo, nesesibili ngobukhazikhazi. |
| Idayimane elibomvu | ||
| Sonora | ||
| I-Galaxy | Okuhlosiwe. UJester Red unemithambo emnyama emnyama. | |
| Godlfinger | ||
| UJester obomvu | ||
| I-Olympia | Scarlet, owokuqala umlilo. | |
| Peterstar | ||
| Sonora Fire | ||
| Okumhlophe | Inkululeko Emhlophe | Obucayi. |
| URegina | Ngama-inclusions otshani. | |
| Isiliva Elimhlophe | Isihlahla semini, iqhwa, lezimbiza zezimbali. | |
| KwaMakhutha | Kugqamile. | |
| Ipinki | Carousel Pink | Obucayi, onamaqabunga e-terry ane-herbal inclusions. |
| UCortez Pink | Ngopende we-orange. | |
| Da vinci | Ngokugcotshwa kombala omhlophe. | |
| Inkululeko Pink | Umbala obucayi. | |
| UJester pink | Ngokuhlelwa kotshani. | |
| IMarblestar | Umbala omnene ngokugoba okumhlophe. | |
| Izinhlamvu zemali | Ngephethini emhlophe. | |
| Imabula yesiliva | Upende ophuzi ngokugoba okumhlophe okubucayi. | |
| Pink Pink | Kugqamile. | |
| Sonora White | I-Ivory enama-inclusions otshani. | |
| Okuxubile | Jingle Bells Sonora | Maroon onsomi nge-inclusions emhlophe. |
| Sonora White Glitter | Abamhlophe abahlukahlukene. | |
| I-Straburyand Cream | Creamy-nsomi ngombhobho omhlophe ne-terry. |
Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, isihlahla somhluzi sitshalwe endaweni evulekile ngokuhlanganiswa ne-caciumeum jacalifa ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kuhlangana kubukeka kumangalisa kakhulu.
I-Hybrid PoinsettiaImithetho yokukhethwa kwe-poinsettia yokuzalaniswa kwasekhaya
Isidingo:
- khetha isitshalo esinamandla;
- hlola ukuthi imbiza yezimbali igcwele inhlabathi emanzi;
- thola isihlahla esinezimbali ezingavuthiwe, nguyena ozojabulisa ngezimbali ezinde.
Ngemuva kokutholwa, lesi sitshalo kufanele sithuthukiswe. Udinga ukukhetha indawo ekhanya ngokwanele ngaphandle kokusalungiswa.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Poinsettia Yasekhaya - Ithebula Lesizini
| Ukunakekelwa Kwesizini | Isibani | Ukunisela nomswakama | Ukushisa kwe-Optimum |
| Intwasahlobo - Ehlobo | Kugqamile ewindini lasempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Ehlobo - umthunzi oyingxenye. | Moisten bese ufafaza ngamanzi ancibilikayo +30 ° C (lapho kungekho khona, isithambisa esingasetshenziswa). Imvamisa - njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. 40-60 %. | + 20 ... +25 ° C. |
| Ukuwa - ubusika | Indawo ekhanyiswe kahle ngaphandle kokusalungiswa. | Okuncane. | + 17 ... +20 ° C - ngezimbali eziqhakazayo. + 15 ... +16 ° C - Isikhathi sokuphumula, vikela kokusalungiswa, ulahla amaqabunga. |
| Isikhathi | Ukondla (*) | |
| Isizini engekho (entwasahlobo, ekwindla) | Isixazululo esikhanyayo somanyolo wezimbiwa. | - |
| Ubusika | Isixazululo seMullein | |
| Ihlobo | Potash. | |
(*) Baqala ngokufaka umanyolo ngoMashi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwamaviki ama-2-3.
Ukufakelwa: imbiza, inhlabathi, incazelo yezinyathelo nezinyathelo
Ukunakekelwa okulula kwesihlahla se-poinsetia ekhaya kusadinga ukunakwa okwanele, okokuqala, ukulandela imithetho ethile. Ukufakwa kwesinye isitshalo esikhulile akusadingeki kube kanye eminyakeni engama-3-5. Encane - kanye ngonyaka.
Isikhathi esikahle ngoMeyi, ngalesi sikhathi isikhathi sokuphumula siyaphela futhi nesigaba esisha sezimila siqala. Kwenziwa kangcono ngendlela ye-transshipment.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi (1: 1: 2 isilinganiso: bheka imiyalo, ngokulandelana):
- isihlabathi;
- umhlaba wamahlathi onama-humus aqobayo;
- i-peat substrate;
- noma yimuphi umanyolo wozimele.
Udaka endaweni yokufika endaweni evulekile kufanele itshintshwe.
Ukudlulisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- uthele imbiza ngamanzi abilayo;
- ukubeka inhlabathi ukuphakama okungama-3 cm kusuka kumatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe noma amatshe amatshe;
- uthele inhlabathi elungiselelwe;
- khipha ngesineke ukhula ebhodweni;
- dlulisela esitsheni esisha bese wengeza inhlabathi elungiselelwe;
- amanzi bese ubeka efasiteleni, elingakhanyiswa yilanga eliqondile, amasonto amabili.
Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa kabusha, dlulisela isitshalo endaweni yaso evamile.
Izihlahla
I-Poinsettia inqunywa njengoba kudingeka lapho ikhula ibe ngosayizi omkhulu. Imvamisa - kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Ephreli, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali.
Ungatshala kanjani ukuthola amahlumela wezempilo aqinile:
- Susa konke ngaphandle kwesiqu esingu-10 cm;
- ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, amahlumela aqhamile asikwa futhi, kusale ama-4-5 ukwakha isihlahla.
Izimbali nokuphumula
Ama-Poinsettia blooms, njengomthetho, ngaphambi kukaKhisimusi wamaKatolika. Izimbali zihlala kuze kube nguFebhuwari. Kepha kungaqhubeka uma isitshalo sinikezwa izinga lokushisa eliphansi.
Imithetho yokuhamba ngalesi sikhathi:
- bafaka efasiteleni elikhanyayo futhi baqiniseka ukuthi akukho mehluko wokushisa egumbini;
- ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, isihlahla sinqunywe.
Izimbali eziphindwayo:
- ngo-18: 00, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokushona kwelanga, imbali ifihlekile ngaphansi kwebhokisi lekhadibhodi;
- ekuseni uvule futhi unakekele njengenjwayelo;
- "inkambo" enjalo ihlala amasonto ayi-10 ngaphambi kokuba ama-bracts aqale ukubola;
- ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, ukugqoka okuphezulu kumisiwe.
Ngemuva kokuphonsa amaqabunga, i-poinsettia idluliselwa egumbini elinamazinga we-+16 ° C okuphumula. Ekuphumuleni, shrub ingamelana namaviki ayi-8. Ukuthena konyaka kwenziwa ngokuzithandela, kepha kuzokhula kancane.
Ukuzala
I-Poinsettia isakazwa:
- ngembewu;
- ukusika.
Ekhaya, basebenzisa ikakhulu ukusika, le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uthole izitshalo ezinempilo eziqhakaza ngonyaka wesibili.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Izenzo:
- sika amahlumela amasha ama-7 cm ubude, anamaqabunga ama-4-5;
- cwilisa udosi kusisombululo seKornevin, kepha ungakwenza ngaphandle kwezivuseleli;
- otshalwe emhlabathini olungiselelwe ngokunamathela amahlumela ngesithambeka sama-30- 40 °;
- amboze ngefilimu yokunamathela, enze izimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane, bese ubeka endaweni efudumele;
- ukhula lwenqanaba luthatha cishe amasonto ama-2-3;
- ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, ifilimu isuswe, ishidi phezulu liyabhincwa;
- imbali idluliswa ngokudluliselwa kwezingcezu ezingama-3-5 esitsheni esisodwa, bese ihlukaniswa ngokwahlukana endaweni yezimbali.
Emvelweni, shrub inganda ngembewu, kepha izitshalo ezinjalo ziyaqhakaza kuphela emva kweminyaka embalwa.
Ekhaya, imbewu iphathwa ngemithi yokukhula, ngenxa yalokhu, kutholakala isihlahla esinempilo futhi esikhula ngokushesha.
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni poinsettia kanye nokuqedwa kwabo
| Ukuguqulwa kwamaqabunga, njll. | Isizathu nokwenza |
| Ukuwa, isitshalo siphelelwe yizwi. | Ukuphendula ukweqiwa nokuntuleka komswakama, kanye nezimo zokunisela ezingafanele. Nikeza umswakama ofanele womhlabathi. Amanzi kufanele afudumele. |
| Uwa ngokuphelele. | Ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa, isitshalo "siyashaywa". Hlela kabusha isihlahla endaweni ekhanyayo ngaphandle kokusalungiswa. |
| Phenduka ophuzi, ukuwa kwamaqabunga kungenzeka. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya, uma ihlathi elisefasiteleni liziphatha ngale ndlela, kuhlinzekwa ngokukhanyisa okufakwayo. |
| Sula izeluleko. | Umswakama ophansi, isitshalo siyashisa. Shintsha izimo zokuboshwa, fafaza. |
| Izimbali eziqhakazayo ziyawa. | Inqubo yemvelo. |
Izifo, izilokazane
| Isifo noma inkathazo | Izimpawu zangaphandle | Ukwelashwa | Ukuvimbela |
| I-Mealybug | Ikotini enamathela. | Imbali ibunjiwe. Ngemuva kokufafaza futhi ukunisela nge-tincture ye-horsetail. | Ukuswakama kuyalawulwa, kufafazwe ngokufakwa kwe-anyanisi. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | I-Spider web namaqabunga asontekile. | Iphathwa ngesisombululo se-soapy ngokufakwa kotshwala, bese kuthi kwahlelwa "ukugeza" ihlathi ngaphansi kweseshizi elinokushisa kwamanzi okungu-40 ... +45 ° C. Fafaza ngama-acaricides njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-6, kathathu. | I-Quartz iyenziwa futhi ifafazwe nge-anyanisi ukumnika. |
| I-Whitefly | Izinambuzane kumaqabunga aqhekeka ngokubonakalayo. | Iphathwa nge-vacuum cleaner, iphathwe ngamanzi anyanisi noma ama-acaricides amasonto ayi-2. | Khipha umoya umoya njalo fafaza, ngaphandle kokuthintana nezitshalo ezinegciwane (izingcezu zezimbali). |
| Ama-Thrips | Amachashazi e-Beige nokuklabha ngamaqabunga. | Basusa amaqabunga, bahlele "ukugeza" kwesitshalo ngaphansi kombha oshisayo, fafaza. | Gcina izimo zemvelo zilondoloziwe. Kutshalwa izitshalo. Isilinganiso. |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Amabala amhlophe ane-tint grey emaqabungeni. | Igcotshwe ngama-fungicides (isixazululo esingu-1%) amasonto angama-2-3. Faka esikhundleni inhlabathi bese ufaka imbali, inzisa imbiza, unqunywe ngokuphelele. | Umoya nokunakekelwa, kufafazwe ngama fungicides kanye ngesonto. |
| I-Fusarium | Izindawo ezinamanzi emacembe, isitshalo simnyama, zomile futhi ziyafa. | Yenza ukufakelwa. Ngokutheleleka okuthe xaxa, kukhethwa kuphela ukusikwa okusikiwe okuhlanzekile. Iniselwa nezisombululo ngamalungiselelo Maxim, Previkur nabanye amasonto ayi-6. | Unakekele Ngokufanele: moisten amahlamvu, uniselwe, ungafaki okusalungiswa, ufafazwe. |
Isifo nezinambuzane ngeke kuthinte isilwane sakho ngokufafaza njalo isihlahla ngama-acaricides kanye nama-fungicides. Zingathathelwa indawo amakhambi emvelo, ukumnika u-anyanisi noma ugalikhi.
UMnu Dachnik uyancoma: poinsettia - iNdlovukazi kaKhisimusi
I-Poinsettia ingubuhle bangempela boNyaka oMusha, njengokungathi kusikhumbuza ihlobo kubanda kakhulu.
Abanikazi abajabule benza konke okudingekayo ukuze imbali yabo abayithandayo iqhume ngoDisemba. Ezinye izimpawu zihambisana nokuziphatha kwembali ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi kanye nezinye izinsuku ezibalulekile:
- uma isihlahla siphenduka siphuzi ngaphandle kwesizathu, umndeni uyaphangwa;
- I-punsettia egumbini lokulala labasanda kushada - isiqinisekiso sokubukeka okusheshayo kwenzalo;
- owesifazana onalembali imbala uhlala emuhle njalo emnandi;
- poinsettia isebenza ngomlingo emadodeni, umnikazi wayo akacabangi ngomuntu kepha okhethiweyo wakhe.
Le mbali ebabazekayo ingenye yezipho zikaKhisimusi ezifiseleka kakhulu ezinencazelo efihlekile nezifiso ezinhle ezivela enhliziyweni. Ukukhula nokunakekela ekhaya akuyona inkinga, kepha kunikeza injabulo enkulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali.
