ILudisia noma i-hemaria isitshalo esingajwayelekile esivela emndenini we-orchid. Ngokungafani namanye ama-orchid, aligugu hhayi ngezimbali (zibukeka kahle), kodwa ngobuhle obungavamile bamahlamvu.
I-Ludisia Orchid Essentials
Izwe laseLudisia ngamahlathi ashisayo aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, lapho likhula khona emadwaleni nasemhlabeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande luba namandla ezinhlangothini, luvame ukwakha izinqubo ezilandelanayo, kepha alufani ngobude.
Isiqu esikhulu esigoqiwe simbozwe i-villi eminingi encane. Ukuphakama kwawo kuyaqabukela kufinyelela ngaphezu kwama-15 cm - isitshalo sincamela ukukhula ngobubanzi.
Amahlamvu amakhulu velvety aqoqwe ezisekelweni. Umbala wazo usuka kokuluhlaza okomnyama uye ku-burgundy, kanti ingaphezulu lidwetshwe ngephethini yesiliva noma yemithambo ebomvu. Ubukhulu bufika ku-7 cm ubude no-4 cm ububanzi.
Impilo yeqabunga elilodwa yiminyaka eminingana, kuthi emva kwalokho iwele, ishiye ibhande elinsundu esiqwini.
AmaHemaria aqhakaza ekwindla sekwephuzile nasebusika ekuqaleni kwezimbali ezimhlophe (kufika ku-2 cm) ezihlotshiswe ngemifudlana emide ekhula emacembe enamaqabunga. Lezi inflorescence ziqhathaniswa nokusakazeka kwamaparele, yingakho lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi i- "orchid".
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zama-orchid ama-orchid
Emvelweni yemvelo, i-ludisia imelelwa yizinhlobo eyodwa kuphela - i-Discolor (Colorless). Lesi isitshalo esihuqayo emhlabathini, isiqu sawo siphela nge-rosette yamaqabunga kanye ne-peduncle ende. Amaqabunga yi-bicolor: luhlaza obomvu ohlangothini olungaphambili futhi lubomvu emhlane, kuthi angamawele amahlanu aqhakazile aluleke ngakubo.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu hlobo lwezinhlobo, izinhlobo eziningana zokuhlobisa zokutshala kwasekhaya ziye zafuywa.
| Ibanga | Kushiya | Imithambo |
| UDawson | Kumnyama, kukhulu. | I-longitudinal, icacile, ibomvu i-hue. |
| Odin | Kumnyama impela. | I-Longitudinal, enamagatsha asebusweni obuvela emthanjeni ophakathi nendawo. |
| Alba | Amacembe aluhlaza okhanyayo ngaphandle kwamathoni abomvu. | Inethiwekhi yokukhanya yegatsha. |
| Tletae | Cishe mnyama. | I-Orange-pink, i-longitudinal, kwesinye isikhathi ihlangana. |
| Tanlaniana | Mncane futhi uphakeme, luhlaza okotshani. | Inethi yegolide emincane. |
| IVelvet | Oluhlaza okotshani, fleecy. | I-Longitudinal, ibomvu. |
Imithetho yokukhula kwe-ludisia ekhaya
ILudisia isitshalo esithanda umthunzi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ifuneka kakhulu kumswakama nasezingeni lokushisa.
Ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kwakhe okufanele ekhaya, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi uthanda ukuthambisa okuningi, wesaba ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nomoya oshisayo, owomile, futhi uqala ukuqhakaza kuphela ezimeni zokupholisa.
| Ipharamitha | Izimo ezithandekayo | Izimo ezingezinhle |
| Beka | Amawindi asenyakatho-mpumalanga nasentshonalanga. | Amafasitela aseningizimu ngaphandle kokufaka umthunzi. Ukusondela kwama-radiators. Okusalungiswa okubandayo. |
| Isibani | Ukukhanya okuhlakazekile okungenani amahora ayi-12-13 ngosuku. Ngezikhathi zokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga - ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe ngama-phytolamp. | Imisebe yelanga eqondile ekuphakameni kosuku. |
| Ukushisa | Ehlobo, + 22 ... +25 ° C phakathi kwemini no + 17 ... +20 ° C ebusuku. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali + 18 ... +20 ° С. | Ngezansi kuka +15 ° С nangaphezulu +30 ° С. Izinguquko ezibukhali. |
| Umswakama | Umswakama 75-80%. Uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa umswakama wokuphefumula kagesi, beka inkomishi yamanzi noma i-moss emanzi eduze. | Umswakama ongaphansi kuka-70%. Ukufafaza ngesibhamu sokufafaza. |
| Ukunisela | Isendlalelo esincane simanzi. Sebenzisa amanzi okushisa egumbi elicwengekileyo njengomahluko wejazi eliphakeme. Njengenye indlela - ukunisela ngezimbobo zokudonsa ngokufaka ingxenye yesithathu yebhodwe emanzini imizuzu eyi-15. Ukususwa okuphoqelekile kwamanzi ngokweqile kusuka kwisigaxa. | I -loglog noma ukumisa ngaphandle. Sebenzisa amanzi aluhlaza noma amakhaza. |
| Umanyolo | Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zama-orchid, azengeza emanzini okunisela. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo - kanye njalo emavikini amathathu, ekwindla nasebusika - kanye kwabahlanu. Imvamisa ingangezelelwa, ngenkathi kuncishiswa umthamo. | I-overdose enamanyolo (iholela kumonakalo kuphethini leqabunga). |
| Izihlahla | Ukususa ama-peduncle ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Ukucheba ama-peduncle ekuqaleni kwezitshalo ezincane. | Izinsimbi ezisele ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali (nikeza amahlumela angeziwe) Izimbali zensizwa encane (kuthatha amandla amaningi). |
Imithetho yenhlabathi nokufakelwa
Ukufakwa kweHemaria kwenziwa entwasahlobo, lapho ukukhula okusebenzayo kuqala. Kumele kwenziwe njengoba kudingeka, ngokushesha lapho uhlelo lwempande lusondele ebhodweni. Izimpawu zingamathiphu ezimpande avela kwizimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Lokhu kwenzeka njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu, kwesinye isikhathi kaningi.
Okunye isizathu sokufakelwa kungumonakalo we-substrate (i-caking noma ukubola), isifo sesitshalo.
Njengomhlabathi, kunconyelwa ukukhetha ama-substrates akhethekile wama-orchid noma uhlanganise izingxenye zenhlabathi ngokwakho ku-4: 4: 4: 4: 1: 1, ngokulandelana:
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- ukuphakama okuphezulu;
- izinaliti zikaphayini;
- i-sphagnum echotshoziwe;
- amalahle e-birch;
- igwebu le-polystyrene.
Lapho ukhetha ibhodwe, kufanele ucabangele ubuntu besistimu yezimpande: eLudisia, ikhula iye ezinhlangothini kunokujula, okusho ukuthi umthamo udinga obanzi, kepha ojulile.
Okufuneka kuqala ukuthi kube khona izimbobo ezinkulu zokudonsa amanzi ezansi nasezindongeni, kuhlinzekwe ukushintshana komoya okufanele.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:
- Amadaya (ubumba olwandisiwe noma amatshe) kanye nengqimba yenhlabathi kugcwaliswa ezansi kwembiza.
- Izimpande zesitshalo ziyasuswa ebhodweni bese zihlanza ngokucophelela i-substrate, bese zihlanzwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile endaweni yokushisa yasendlini.
- ILudisia ibekwa enkabeni yebhodwe futhi imbozwe nge-substrate esezingeni lomhlabathi owedlule.
- Eduze kwesiqu, izitshalo zibekwa ngaphambi kokuba zifakwe emanzini afudumele.
- Ukunisela ngokushesha ngemuva kokufakelwa kungenziwa, inhlabathi iyanyiswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izindlela zokuzala
Kulula kakhulu ukusakaza i-ludisia ngemisiko, izingxenye zesiqu noma ukwahlukana kwesihlahla.
Ukusika kunconywa ngesikhathi sokutshala okusebenzayo - entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, amahlumela atholakala ezimpandeni.
I-Algorithm:
- Sika phezulu kwesiqu ngamaphuzu amabili noma amathathu okukhula.
- Phatha amanxeba ngekhabhoni esebenze kahle.
- Namathela isiqu kube moss oshelelekile ukuze amaqabunga alale ebusweni be-moss.
- Ngemuva kokubamba imbala, dlulisela ebhodweni eline-substrate bese unakekela isitshalo esidala, ekuqaleni unqume iziqobelo ezivelayo.
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe izingxenye zetemu nakho kuyindlela elula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha ingxenye yesiga enamaphoyinti amahlanu kuya kwayisithupha wokukhula, ihlanza amaqabunga bese ibekwa ngokuqondile kumthamo omanzi. Ungajulisa ngobunono izingxenye, kepha ingaphezulu kufanele lihlale livulekile. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, itshalwe ebhodweni.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla kuhlangene nokufakelwa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuphela lezo zingcezwana zesitshalo ezinenqubo okungenani ezimbili ezisebenzayo.
Ama-Florists ngokuvamile awenzi umkhuba okhulayo we-hemaria kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, ngoba le yinqubo ethatha isikhathi kakhulu futhi engathembekile.
Izinambuzane nezinkinga zokukhula kwe-ludisia
ILudisia isitshalo esinokuhlaselwa yizifo nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Uma uthola lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo, kufanele uthathe izinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze imbali ingafi.
| Izimpawu ngamaqabunga nakwezinye izingxenye zesitshalo | Isizathu | Ukwelashwa | Ukuvimbela |
| Ukushiswa nokuphuzi. Iphunga liyabola. Ubumnyama bezimpande. | Ukubola kwezimpande. | Susa izimpande ebhodweni, unqume izindawo ezonakele, hlamba ngamanzi ne-potanganum permanganate, bese womile. Dlulisela ku-substrate evuselelwe ngokuphelele. Musa ukuhambisa amanzi izinsuku eziningana. | Bheka umbuso ofanele wokunisela. |
| Izindawo ezinsundu ezinamanzi, kufaka nesiqu. | Isiqu sokubola. | Hlanza indawo elimele, phatha nge-carbon esebenze. Dlulisela lesi sitshalo kwisiqephu esisha segciwane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, sinqume iziqongo ezingathintwanga ukubola, futhi uzisiphule ngendlela yokusika. Phonsa ingxenye esele yesitshalo. | |
| Ukushiswa kweziqongqongo, ukufiphaza imbala, kwesinye isikhathi - ibala elimhlophe ne-mucus ezimpandeni. Ukwakheka okumhlophe ezigabeni zeziqu. | Ukubola okumhlophe. | Akuvamisile ukwelashwa. Kunconywa ukulahla isitshalo kanye nembiza. | Amanzi, gcina izinga elifanele lomswakama, faka umanyolo ngokuhlelekile ku-substrate. |
| Thin kuwebhu ngemuva. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Phatha ngendwangu ethambile ebunjiwe emanzini anosawoti. Uma ungekho umphumela, sebenzisa ama-insecticides (isibonelo, i-Mospilan, i-Fitoverm noma i-Aktaru). Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, phindisela ukwelashwa njalo ngeviki inyanga. | Gcina izinga elidingekayo lomswakama. |
| Uphuzi futhi uwele. Ukwakheka okunamathela kufana noboya bekotini, kufaka phakathi neziqu. | I-Mealybug. | ||
| Uphuzi futhi uwele. Ama-brown akhula ezihlahleni nawo. | Isihlangu. |
