Mayelana nenkazimulo yama-mushroom Isifunda saseMoscow sesizwile konke. Kodwa yiziphi izitshalo ezikhula kahle emahlathini azungezile, nini futhi kanjani ukuziqoqa kahle - abantu abambalwa abazi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umkhankaso wamakhowe uyingxenye yomoya omusha, okuhambisana nomzwelo wobunye nemvelo, abantu abaningi abangenayo emisebenzini yansuku zonke. Thola ukuthi iziphi zehlathi zikulungele ukwabelana ngalesi sifunda.
Amakhomikhali adlayo futhi ajwayelekile
Okokuqala, ake sithole ukuthi izidakamizwa ezidliwayo nezomzimba zibukeka kanjani. Lezi zinsuku zihlukaniswa ukuthi zicutshungulwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa - kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-fungus, lungabilisa ngezindlela eziningana noma ukugosa.
Kodwa ake siqale ngokuhlaziywa okufutshane kwezipho "ezigcwele" ezidliwayo zehlathi, ezitholakala emahlathini esifundeni saseMoscow.
Hlola uhlu lwamakhowe ezidliwayo futhi ezinobuthi, futhi ufunde ukuhlola amakhowe ukuze uqiniseke ngezindlela zomuntu.
Amakhowe amhlophe
Amanye amagama: i-boletus, i-belevik, ugogo, i-good-natured, i-bear-bear, i-mullein, i-forge.
Abaqoqi bamakhompi bayazi ukuthi amakhowe amhlophe afika ezinhlobonhlobo eziningana. Kodwa kule ndawo kukhona amaphayini kuphela.
I-mushroom emhlophe ingokwesihlobo sama-Boletus, ngakho-ke sineluleka ukuthi uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhowe amhlophe nama-boletus, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izindawo amakhowe amhlophe anayo.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - enkulu (6-30 cm ububanzi), ngemibimbi emihle kanye nama-tubercles. Kuyunombala obomvu, ubumnyama phakathi nendawo (amathoni obomvu noma amacupe ajwayelekile). Ezingxenyeni ezisencane, izinhlamvu eziningana, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziba yi-convex encane noma flat;
- umlenze - ngesandiso kusuka phezulu kuya phansi, ngokuphakama kwe-8 kuya ku-17 cm, ne-tubercles ebonakalayo noma iphethini elingaphakathi;
- i-pulp - enomzimba futhi enesisindo, enephunga elibonakalayo le-walnut (elimhlophe endaweni yokusika).
Kusuka egameni kucacile ukuthi amakhowe anjalo akhula eduze kwamapine. (kancane kancane - kuma-chestnuts nama-oki, ama-beeches nezihlahla ze-fir). Kukhona kokubili okuyingqayizivele futhi ngamaqembu.
Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zamakhowe, okudliwa cishe noma yikuphi uhlobo - okuthosiwe futhi omisiwe, njengesithako esobho. Iqiniso, kuphela amakhophi amasha asetshenziselwa - asebekhulile angaba wormy.
Kubalulekile! Okumnandi kunazo zonke yi "hare", ekhula emahlathini ase-spruce-birch.Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa: ekupheleni kukaJulayi nasekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Izimpisi
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - i-pink ephukile, ene-grayish noma ephuzi (engaphansi kamhlophe). I-diameter - 4-12 cm. Imivimbo ehlukile yokukhanya neyemnyama, ubungako bayo ingahluka, ibetha;
- umlenze - omncane (1-2 cm ebhincini) futhi ephansi (kuze kube ngu-6-7 cm), ukuma okujwayelekile okuyi-cylindrical. Uqinile kakhulu, ubushelelezi kuze kuthinte. Ezikhathini ezindala ngokuvamile ziba yize. Kungakhathaliseki ubudala, kungase kube khona imigodi emnyama ebusweni;
- i-pulp - pink pink, mnandi futhi omile, ne isici ukunambitheka okubabayo.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ukuphela kukaJuni-Okthoba. Kodwa kulokhu kunamagagasi amabili - ekupheleni kukaJulayi nasekupheleni kuka-Agasti-eyishumi yokuqala kaSeptemba.
Ngendlela yayo eluhlaza idla kakhulu, kepha ngokufutheka okuphawulekayo, okunyamalala ngesikhathi sokupheka. Isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ama-pickle kanye nama-marinades, amagagasi asanda kutholakala asetshenziselwa izifundo zesibili (nakuba adinga ukusikwa ngaphambi kokuqala kanye ne-blanching).
Siphakamisa ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinkukhu ezidliwayo njenge volnushki.
I-bum yangempela
Kuyinto engcono kunazo zonke amakhowe ezidliwayo.
Amanye amagama: i-gruzd emhlophe, i-gruzd eluhlaza, i-wet gruzd.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - emhlophe noma ephuzi kancane, enesisindo sobubanzi buka-6-25 cm. "Esemncane" ithabile, enokucindezeleka phakathi nendawo yobudala. Emanzi futhi enamathele ekuthinteni, ngesibhamu esithunywe emaphethelweni angaphakathi. Kukhona njalo imfucumfucu eminingi yemifino ehlanganiswe phezulu;
- umlenze - i-cylindrical futhi engenalutho ngaphakathi, emhlophe noma ephuzi. Ukuphakama - 3-10 cm;
- i-pulp - umbala omhlophe, oqinile futhi okhululekile. Iphunga elikhethekile, elifana nephunga elimnandi. Ijusi elimhlophe nalo limhlophe, kodwa liphenduka i-gray-yellow emoyeni.
Uyazi? Amanye amakhowe abonakala sengathi anokuthula nawo ayilwane lokudla: adla ama-nematodes anamathele emasongweni ami.Izindawo eziyizintandokazi - amahlumela ahlambulukileyo namaxube, ama-linden. Kuthathwa ngokungapheli, nakuba bekhula kakhulu.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqoqa siphakathi kuka-Julayi-Septemba.
Ngemuva kokukhipha ubuhlungu ngokufaka amanzi nsuku zonke ngokushintsha kwamanzi, lawa amakhowe avame ukuvunyelwa ukuba aphumule - amakhowe ahlanzekile futhi anephunga elimnandi. Njengoba behlezi esitsheni ngezinongo zenyanga nezinyanga, bayasetshenziswa.
Sincoma ukuthi uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhowe amakhowe akhona, ukuthi lezi amakhowe ziwusizo kangakanani, futhi zifunde ukuthi zizoqoqa kanjani izinkuni ze-aspen kanye nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa amakhowe amnyama.
Bum ophuzi
Amanye amagama: ukuguquka okwesibhakabhaka, umthwalo ophuzi, ukhanyiswe.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - enkulu (6-29 cm ububanzi), ngokuvamile nge izikali ezincane. Umbala uphuzi, kodwa kunezimo ezine ithoni elimnyama noma legolide. Smooth kuya touch, ngemiphetho egobile. On amakhowe amancane, kuyinto convex, kodwa kuba flat noma concave;
- umlenze - inamandla, enezinhlamvu ezibonakalayo noma i-fossa ephuzi. Ku-sticky stick, nangaphakathi ngaphakathi. Ukuphakama - 5-12 cm;
- i-pulp - emhlophe, enephunga elimnandi elimangalisa, elikhumbuza u-fruity. Ngaphezulu kohlobo oluphuziwe.
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo ezingenakubalwa zesikhutha ziveza umbala we-lilac lilac.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqoqa yishumi leminyaka ka-Julayi-Okthoba.
Ngemuva kokubilisa noma ukugcoba, kusetshenziselwa ukupheka ama-pickle kanye ne-marinade.
Izimvula zemvula
Lena enye yamakhowe avamile kakhulu. Abamele izinhlobonhlobo zemifula ngokuvamile bahlangana emadolobheni aseMoscow.
Amanye amagama: i-flitter, ingulube ugwayi, ugwayi omkhulu.
Uzobe unesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi i-mushroom ihlanganisa yini imvula.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama Umbala omhlophe noma omhlophe obomvu unobumba obunokuphakama kwama-2-5 cm. Ezimweni ezincane zemvula ihlanganiswe ne-spikes encane, ehlanjululwa ngaleso sikhathi. Umbala wonke uguqulwa ngobudala - uba mbala ophuzi noma okhanyayo. Iphuzu lihlelwe kancane;
- umlenze - obukhulu futhi obunamathele, kufika ku-1.5 cm high;
- i-pulp - emhlophe, ene-septum njengesimo se-diaphragm, esimhlophe futhi sinomsindo omnandi.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ekuqaleni kukaJulayi-Okthoba.
Kudliwa ama-raincoats amancane kuphela, okwathi ngemva kokugcoba, afana nenyama (awafanelanga isobho - uma enezelwa, izitsha zamanzi zithola ukunambitheka "kwe-rubbery").
Funda futhi mayelana nezakhiwo eziwusizo nesicelo kumagatsha ahlukahlukene amakhowe: i-flake, i-cheesy, i-reishi, i-svinushki, i-shiitake, i-chaga (i-birch ukhunta) amakhowe.
I-Dubovik
Kulesi sifunda, kunezinhlobo ezilodwa kuphela ze-dubovik, okuyizinhlayizi.
Amanye amagama: i-boletus ekhonjiwe, i-bruise, i-boletus poddubovikovy, i-redpede.
Uyazi? Phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, ingcindezi ye-intracellular (it's turgor) ye-fungus ingamaphesenti angu-7.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - ukuvota kuya ethintweni, ngesimo se-hemisphere noma umcamelo. Umbala - umnyama omnyama, omnyama omnyama, umkhonto. I-Darkens uma icindezelwe. Ku-girth - kusuka ku-7 ukuya ku-23 cm;
- umlenze - obomvu nokuphuzi, nomhlobiso wegridi noma amachashazi. I-Thick, inomumo obhekene nesibhadla noma isigxili, ifinyelela phezulu. Ukuphakama: 6-16 cm;
- i-pulp - eliphuzi eliphuzi noma eli-orange, ngaphandle kwelavane elikhethekile noma ukunambitheka. Iguqula umbala wesigaba, sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma luhlaza.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ukuphela kukaMeyi kanye nokuqala kuka-Okthoba.
Ngemuva kokubilisa (imizuzu engu-10-15), i-dubovik icwecwe, futhi isetshenziselwa ukuma.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nalolu hlobo lwe-mushroom njenge-dubovik.
Imbuzi
Olunye igama: i-lattice.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - izinkomo ezincane zivaliwe kancane, kodwa njengoba zikhula, ziba yindlala. Umbala unobomvu, unombala noma unyaka obomvu (ithoni ebomvu kubhekwa njenge-rarity). Smooth kuya touch, akukho tubercles. Ububanzi - 3.5-12 cm;
- umlenze - ngesimo se-cylinder, kakhulu kakhulu futhi enamandla. Umbala uphinda umbala we-cap, kodwa unomthunzi we-matte. Ubukhulu - ubude buka-4-10 cm nokuphakama kwe-1-2;
- i-pulp - obomvu noma obomvu (ukugubha okweqhekeko), okungenasici.
Kubalulekile! I-Kozlyak idume ngesenzo sayo esinamandla sokulwa nobugebengu. Kuyiqiniso, ngezinkinga zokugaya, ukwemukelwa kwayo kuzodingeka kushiywe.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa siphakathi kuka-Agasti-ngasekupheleni kuka-September.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa okushisa okuncane, isetshenziselwa ukupheka i-zazharki, ngobuningi obufakiwe kunezelwa isobho. Ngenxa yokunambitheka okuphansi, ayisetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-salting.
Funda futhi ukuthi yiziphi izici ezidliwayo zamakhowe amakhowe.
Chanterelles
Elinye igama: i-chanterelle yangempela.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - medium (2-12 cm), orange noma ophuzi. Uhlukana nomumo ongavamile: i-convex noma i-concave, ihanjiswe noma ifomu le-funnel;
- umlenze - eqinile futhi enesibindi, ikhula ngokuqinile nge cap. Ngokuvamile uphinda umbala wayo noma unomthunzi okhanyayo. Ngokuphakama kwe-4-7 cm kunesilinganiso sobubanzi buka-1-3 cm. Kubonakale kunciphise phansi;
- i-pulp - inyama, imhlophe phakathi futhi iphuzi emaphethelweni. Ukunambitheka kuyamuncu, iphunga liyahlukahluka kancane kancane kancane kuya ezimpandeni. Ngomvu obomvu.
Isikhathi escono kakhulu sokuqoqa yikholi yokuqala - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, umvuthwandaba wesibili - phakathi kuka-Agasti-Okthoba.
I-Chanterelles ibhekwa njengeyiphunga futhi isetshenziswe nganoma yiluphi uhlobo - lihlobisa cishe zonke izitsha nezicucu zecala.
Thola ukuthi yikuphi ukukhula kwama-chanterelles nokuthi kuzuzisa kanjani umzimba womuntu.
Maslata
Ezingxenyeni zesifunda saseMoscow, izinhlobo ezintathu zamafutha zingatholakala ngesikhathi esisodwa - ezivamile, eziluhlaza futhi ezibomvu. Ngayinye yale migqa ifanele incazelo ehlukile.
Ake siqale ngokukhulu kakhulu - i-boletus evamile.
Amanye amagama: i-oiler yellow, i-oiler yangempela, i-oiler ekwindla.
Uyazi? Ama-chromosomes ocansi amakhowe afana nabantu ngezindlela eziningi.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - Ingabe ukuma kwe-hemisphere (ebusweni obusha) noma ukubukeka kwe-flatter, ngezinye izikhathi kanye nemiphetho ephakanyisiwe. Ukubalabala - kusuka emanzini nomthunzi we-chocolate kunombala obomvu (njengenketho - umnqumo ompunga). Ububanzi - 3-15 cm;
- umlenze - i-cylindrical futhi eqinile, ngezingubo zesikhathi eside nomsindo wefilimu wombala omhlophe noma obomvu. Izwi eliyisisekelo lilula kancane kunombala we-cap. Ukuphakama - 3-12 cm, ubukhulu - 1-3;
- i-pulp - amanzi amancane, ashubile kancane phansi, aphuzi phezulu, futhi asundu ngaphansi kwekhanda ngokwawo.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa siphakathi kuka-Septhemba kuya ku-Okthoba.
Ngemuva kokukhipha isikhumba esitokisini bese ubilisa imizuzu engu-10-15 kungasetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo. Nakuba ngaphambi kokumisa i-cap akuhlanjululwa ukuze amafutha angabi mnyama.
Sincoma ukuthi uthole ukuthi ama-boars abukeka kanjani, ukuthi angahlukanisa kanjani amathumba amanga nokuthi amathumba asebenza kanjani.
Kodwa akuyona into enhle kakhulu: yizinhlamvu ezivame ukulimazwa yizinambuzane, okwenza zingakulungele ukudla.
Okulandelayo emgqeni i-oil larch ingakwazi.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - convex noma phansi, bushelelezi futhi enamathele. Izinketho zombala: kusuka kulamula nephuzi ube ngombala obomvu. Ububanzi - 3-13 cm;
- umlenze - eqinile futhi enesisindo, ngesimo sesilinda, ngezinye izikhathi ngesimo sezinyosi. Kusuka phezulu kwe-granular ne-mesh, ene-ring ye-lemon. Izwi eliyisisekelo liphinda umbala wekhanda (umthunzi obomvu obomvu - i-rarity). Ukuphakama - 4-12, ubukhulu - kufika ku-3 cm;
- i-pulp - ezithambile, ezinamafutha kanye namanzi, eziphuzi eziphuzi noma ezibomvu. E-butters abasha, iphuzu elimisiwe alishintshi ngombala, kuyilapho asebekhulile iphenduka kancane futhi iphendukile ensundu.
Kubalulekile! Phakathi nenkathi ye-fruiting, isivuno sezinga eliphakeme samafutha sibalwa izinsuku ezintathu emva kwemvula.
Ikhula ngamaqembu, ikhetha inhlabathi elula. Ama-massifs amakhulu kunawo wonke atholakala emahlathini amancane noma ahlangene, ama-specimens amancane atholakele emasimini.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ngoJulayi-Septemba.
Ngemuva kokubilisa, amathumba anjalo athosiwe futhi anamafutha, anikezwe isobho. Kodwa i-chic kunazo zonke - i-"leaflet" ekhethiwe nge ukunambitheka kwayo okungavamile okungavamile.
Ivala le mafutha amathathu aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka.
Amanye amagama: marsh, mottled, sandstone.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - izinhlamvu (nge-edge curled) noma flat. Kungenzeka kube ophuzi, obomvu, omnqumo noma omile o-orange. 6-10 cm ububanzi, ngezikhathi ezithile ngezikali ngesimo sezingubo;
- umlenze - i-cylindrical ebushelelezi neyindilinga. Umbala - kusuka ku-orange kuya kulamula. Ububanzi - 4-11 cm, ibhande - 1-3;
- i-pulp - i-orange ephuzi noma elula, enemilenze eluhlaza phansi. In the blue eluhlaza, nge amnandi pine iphunga. Ukunambitheka kungase kungabonakali noma kube mnandi kakhulu. Kuwoyela omdala unikeza insimbi.
Izicelo zokupheka zifana nezinhlobonhlobo ze-larch.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokupheka amakhowe: i-pickling (ama-chanterelles, amakhowe amakhowe, amakhowe amashi, i-riadovki), i-pickling (amakhowe amakhowe), omisa amakhowe, amaqanda amhlophe, ama-oyster amakhowe, ama-chanterelles, ama-mushroom amakhowe).
Mokhovik
Abameli bezinhlobo eziluhlaza nezinhlanzi ngokuvamile bavela emitholampilo kule ndawo.
I-Green Moss
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - umnqumo noma uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kaningi kakhulu nge-tinge emnyama. Khipha kancane ngokubukeka. I-velvety kuya ethinteni, ene-circular 3-11 cm;
- umlenze - i-cylindrical, ngokunwetshwa phezulu. Kwamanye amakhowe omsundu obubonakalayo obusundu. Ukuphakama - kusuka ku-2.5 ukuya ku-10 cm ubukhulu be-1.5-2;
- i-pulp - ezimhlophe, nge-blue endaweni yokusika.
Uyazi? Umndeni omkhulu kunawo wonke wamakhowe ukhula epaki kazwelonke ye -enenpass - i-mycelium ihlala kumahektha angu-35.
Kuvamile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamahlathi.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ngoJulayi-maphakathi no-September.
I-Green Mokhoviki zama ukudla ngemuva kokuqoqa nokupheka - ngesikhathi isitoreji eside, kukhanya. Kuhle ukugcoba, izitsha zokupheka nama-marinades.
Thola ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani i-flywheel yangempela kusuka enobuthi nokuthi ingadliwa yini noma cha.
I-Fissured Mokhoviki ehlukaniswa ukubukeka kwabo okungavamile.
Amanye amagama: insimu yokudla, i-flyworm ephuzi noma ephuzi.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - ukuvuvukala, kumakhophi amaningi ngesimo esingenalutho phakathi nendawo. Ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile ngemibimbi emihle, yokwenza iphethini enetha. Umbala: omnyama, umnqumo noma u-burgundy, onomthunzi we-matte. Ububanzi - 2-12 cm;
- umlenze - eqinile, ngesimo sezinyosi. Izikali ezincane zibonakala. In amakhowe amancane aqinile, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuba engacacile. Umbala uyathakazelisa: phezulu akusobala ophuzi, futhi phansi kukhona obomvu obomvu. Ukuphakama - 4-11 cm, ibhande - kuze kube ngu-2 cm;
- i-pulp - emhlophe, engavamile ukuphuzi, ngaphandle kwenuka elimnandi nokunambitha. Nge-blue blue.
I-flyworm enjalo ikhula emhlabathini omuncu, ithanda inkampani yama-oki kanye ne-beeches.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ngoJulayi-Septemba.
Njengesithako sokudla esisetshenziselwa uhlobo olomile noma olusawoti.
I-Meadow meadow
Amanye amagama: i-mushroom ye-clove, i-bedbird.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - bushelelezi, ngamaphethelo amancane ahamba kancane. Umumo uhluka kusuka e-hemispherical kuya kwi-convex ne-flat (nge-tubercle esemaphakathi). Umbala uwukhilimu ophaphathekile, esimweni sezulu esimanzi sishintsha kumbala ophuzi noma obomvu, futhi isikhungo sisoloko siba mnyama. I-Girth - kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-8 cm;
- umlenze - i-cylindrical, eqinile futhi enesidingo. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba yisono, ngokuguga kuba lukhuni kakhulu futhi lufubha. Umbala uphinda umbala wekhanda noma ukukhanya okuncane. Ku-velvety touch (kancane kancane - mealy). Ubude: 2-10 cm, ubukhulu - kuphela 0.5;
- i-pulp - omncane, omhlophe noma ophuzi ophuzi. Uma kunqunywe, akuguquki. Iphunga elinamandla lifana nephunga lama-clove, ukunambitheka kumnandi.
Kubalulekile! Eqinisweni inhlanzi yama-agarics, kuhlale kukhona ipulazi elibanzi nelomhlophe.
Ikhula ezindaweni ezivulekile ezihlahleni - emaphethelweni, emigodini, emadlelweni, ngokuvamile emigwaqweni nasemasimini. Ukuhlushwa okukhulu: ukubona umugqa omuncu wamakhowe njengamanje ngempela.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ukuphela kukaMeyi - phakathi kuka-Okthoba (ngenani eliphakeme ngo-Agasti nengxenye yokuqala ka-September).
Ama-caps kuphela asetshenziselwa ukudla, afanele kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokucubungula.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi uthole ukuthi imaphi i-meadow meadow.
I-honeycomb yase-Autumn
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - convex noma flat, ngezilinganiso zokukhanya ezingavamile (njengoba likhula, liyanyamalala). Umbala ungaba umbala omnyama noma umnqumo, obumnyama phakathi nendawo. Ububanzi - ama-3-10 cm (ama-giants angaphansi kuka-15 cm ajwayelekile kakhulu);
- umlenze - eqinile, egcwele ama-flakes. Kukhona amakhowe ngokunyuka okuncane phansi komlenze. Ithembo eliyisisekelo li-brown brown, elinomthunzi omnyama phansi. Ukuphakama - 6-11 cm, ubukhulu - kufika ku-2;
- i-pulp - emhlophe futhi enesisindo, isipiliyoni seminyaka sinengqondo kakhulu. Kujabulisa ukunambitheka nephunga.
Emahlathini amanzi kunamaqembu amakhulu amakhowe ekwindla (amakhowe angama-single angama-rarity).Lezi zinhlobo zibhekwa njenge-parasitic - izihlahla ze-honey agaric zakhiwe ngamagquma nezihlahla, futhi ngonyaka omanzi ngisho namagatsha kanye namaqabunga awela phansi.
Uyazi? Kwakungenxa yamakhowe ukuthi ama-antibiotic okuqala avela - isibonelo, i-penicillin yayakhiwe kusuka ku-fungus yemvubelo.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqoqa ukuphela kuka-Agasti-Novemba, ngenani eliphakeme ngehora lokuqala likaSeptemba (uma izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lingu-10 ° C ... + 15 ° C, ngakho-ke liphelele).
Ngemuva kokupheka okuphelele, amakhowe amancane noma ama-caps ahlukanisiwe usawoti kanye ne-marinate, engeza ku-soups ne-zazharki, kanye nomisiwe.
Funda kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezidliwayo nezingenakudliwa yizinyosi ze-honey agaric, kanye nendlela yokuhlukanisa isikhumba se-foal kusuka kuju oluvamile lwe-agaric.
I-Boletus
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kunazo zonke zihlala zihlala zijwayele.
Amanye amagama: I-Blackhead, i-Berezovik.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - i-brown, gray noma i-brown (ephansi kaningi emnyama) iqhakaza efana nomcamelo ovaliwe. Ububanzi kusuka ku-3 ukuya ku-12 cm;
- umlenze - emhlophe noma emhlophe, enezicabha ezimhlophe noma ezimnyama, ezisungulwe ndawonye. Ubukhulu obuphansi, ubukhulu - 1.5-4 cm ubukhulu futhi 3-13 ukuphakama;
- i-pulp - mhlophe, ngombala ofanayo. Ayishintshi umbala uma ephukile.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ngoJulayi-Okthoba.
Ama-gourmets ayawazisa lolu hlobo lokunambitheka okuhle. Ku-gastronomy boletus isetshenziswe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zamakhowe ama-boletus.
I-Podgruzdok emhlophe
Olunye uhlobo lwezinyosi zama-mushroom.
Amanye amagama: umthwalo owomile
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - convex noma ecindezelekile (ngendlela ye-funnel). Amaphethelo we-wavy avuliwe ngaphakathi. Kungaba mhlophe noma i-grey, ngezindawo eziphuzi noma ezingcolile. Kunoma yikuphi, umthunzi uhlala ukhululekile. Esikhathini esomile ngokuvamile kupheka. Ububanzi - 5-18 cm;
- umlenze - eqinile futhi emfushane, inomumo wesilinda. Ukulayishwa kwentsha kunombala obomvu oqinile nge-bluish edging phezulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, liba grey noma lenziwe. Ingxenye engezansi ilula kancane. Ukuphakama - 2-5 cm, ubukhulu - 2-4;
- i-pulp - oqinile futhi omhlophe. Ukunambitheka kuyisiphuzo, kunesici se-mushroom iphunga.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokucwiliswa emanzini anosawoti, ama-substrates agcinwa abanda amahora angu-4-5 - kulula ukuwahlanza kudoti.
Ikhula kuwo wonke amahlathi nasemaphethelweni ehlathi. Ngokuvamile ngokuvamile i-podgruzdok itholakala ku-birch ne-oki, i-beech ne-aspen.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ukuphela kukaJulayi-ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba.
Kudliwe ngendlela efakwe usawoti futhi eqoshiwe. I-podruzdok ebomvu - lokhu kumamateur (ukunambitheka kunzima kakhulu), kanye nosawoti ngendlela eyomile.
Funda futhi, yini ephawulekayo amakhowe amhlophe.
I-Boletus
Amanye amagama: I-Aspenik, i-Krasyuk, i-Krasnik, i-Redhead.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - umbala obomvu we-hemispherical (obunomthunzi obomvu noma obomvu). Ukuthinta kuyinkimbinkimbi, kaningi ngezinhlamvu ezincane ezincane. Kuye indawo lapho i-mushroom ikhule khona, umjikelezo we-cap ungaba kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-27 cm;
- umlenze - cylindrical, grey-white noma grey. Izikali ezibonakalayo zibonakala, zimnyama njengoba zikhula. Esikhathini phansi kukhona ukuqina kancane. Ukuphakama - 3.5-19 cm, ubukhulu - 2-5;
- i-pulp - mnandi futhi unomzimba. Emakhowe amancane ase-aspen inamandla kakhulu (kanti kulabo asebekhulile ayaqina futhi akhululeke). Umbala oguqulwayo uthintsha kusuka kumhlophe kuya kuluhlaza, bese ubumnyama. Iphunga aliqondi kahle.
Uyazi? I-Plasmodium (yi-slug) yiyona kuphela i-mushroom engakwazi ... ukuhamba: ingahamba ngesivinini se-1 cm / ihora, futhi leli khono libuye lithengele kumabhasi aqondile.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ngoJuni-maphakathi no-Okthoba (ukuphakama kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka-Agasti-iminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaSepthemba).
Kufanelekile ukudla nganoma yiluphi uhlobo. Kodwa kune-nuance eyodwa: abantu abaningi abayithandi lokho emva kokubilisa, ukugcoba noma isikhathi eside sokumisa i-mushroom.
Sincoma ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-aspen, indlela yokuthola i-aspen yamanga, futhi ufunde ngalolu hlobo lwe-aspen njengemigqa ephindaphindiwe.
Amakhowe asePoland
Amanye amagama: i-chestnut mokhovik, i-pansky noma i-mushroom eluhlaza.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - semi-circular, convex noma flat. Umbala ojwayelekile kakhulu kunombala omnyama noma obomvu (nge-chocolate). Umthunzi we-Chestnut ungavamile kakhulu. Amakhophi amancane ahlukile ngezwi le-matte, elishintsha ekuhlakanipheni. Ububanzi - 4-15 cm;
- umlenze - fibrous, cylindrical. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuphuzi okwenziwe ngokubomvu phezulu, kukhanyisa phansi. Esikhathini esisekelweni, singase sinciphise noma sande kancane. Ukuphakama - 4-13 cm, ubukhulu - kufika ku-4 cm;
- i-pulp - mnandi futhi unomzimba. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi ukushintsha kombala kucezu: uma umbala omhlophe noma ophuzi uthatha indawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese uphenduka obomvu, khona-ke uma ikhefu liphuka, umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka uthathelwa ukukhanya. Ukunambitheka okuphambene nokuphunga okumnandi kuyizinto eziphilayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nalolu hlobo lwe-mokhovikov njenge-mushroom yasePoland.
Uthanda inhlabathi enesihlabathi, ihlangana emahlathini e-coniferous nasezintabeni. Omakhelwane abakhulu kakhulu yi-spruce, i-pin, i-chestnut, i-beech, i-oki. Amakhowe asePoland akhula yodwa noma emigqeni engavamile.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ukuphela kukaJuni nokuqala kukaNovemba.
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo zehlathi ezifanele ukushisa okukhulu kakhulu kwejubane ngaphandle kokwelashwa kokushisa ngaphambi kokushisa.Njengomkhiqizo wokudla uthathwa ngokukhethwa kanye nokusawoti, ukomisa nokubilisa. Abaningi bayaqhubeka, beqhwaza izimpahla ezinjalo esikhathini esizayo. Ukunambitheka cishe akulahlekile.
Okukhona okuningi
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - i-spherical ehambisanayo, engalingani, ngama-coarse cells angenangqamuzana. I-brown noma i-greyish, kaningi kakhulu - inombala obomvu (i-darkens yobudala noma ngesikhathi yokuma). Ububanzi - 3-8 cm;
- umlenze - engavamile, i-cylindrical. It has a tint ezimhlophe, ophuzi noma brownish, ngokuvamile nge grooves longitudinal phansi kakhulu. Kukhona nokunyuka okuncane. Ubukhulu: 3-9 cm ukuphakama no-1-3 ubukhulu;
- i-pulp - i-waxy ne-fragile, emhlophe. It has ukunambitheka obucayi kanye iphunga elimnandi.
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuqoqa siphakathi kuka-May-Juni. Ngonyaka ofudumele, amanye ama-morels ahlangana kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSeptemba nasekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Ngemuva kokupheka kokuqala emanzini anosawoti (kufika kumaminithi angu-15) isetshenziselwa ukupheka izifundo zokuqala nezibili, kanye nokugcwalisa. Uma ukomisa kuhlelwe, ungabilisi. Akuyona okubi egcinwe efrijini - ukunambitheka kuyaqhubeka okufanayo.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi i-morel ibonakala kanjani nokuthi ihluke kanjani ohlwini.
Isikrini esiningi
Elinye ilungu lomndeni we-morel.
Amanye amagama: I-Cap, i-Czech Verpa, i-morel eyinkimbinkimbi.
Uyazi? Okushiwo kokuqala kwe-morels kutholakala emibhalweni yesazi sesiGreki uTheophrastus, owayehlala ekhulwini lesine leminyaka. BC
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama I-Cap-shaped (ingaba ibhentshi, ifakiwe noma ifomu lomsindo). Umngcele osemuva ucindezelwa emlenzeni noma ugobile ohlangothini, okujwayelekile ngamakhowe amadala. Iphalethi yombala ihluke kakhulu: lapha futhi ensundu, nephuzi, futhi ophuzi-ocher. Ubuso buhlanganiswe nezinhlanzi ezincane ezincane - kunjengokungathi ziguqulwe ngaphezulu kwe-morels endala. Amasayizi amancane - kuze kube ngu-4 cm ububanzi;
- umlenze - bushelelezi, i-cylindrical, ngezikhathi ezithile nge-groove encane. Umbala ubomhlophe-ophuzi noma ocher. Kungenzeka kube yincithakalo noma ihlelwe kancane ezinhlangothini. Kusuka ngaphansi kokunwetshwa okubonakalayo. Ukuphakama - 6-15 cm, ubukhulu - 1.5-3;
- i-pulp - i-waxy ne-fragile, enemibala ekhanyayo (nakuba kusekhona isidumbu esiseduze ne-cap). Ayikho ukunambitheka okhethekile, iphunga - ngamanothi abonakalayo obunamanzi.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqoqa ngo-Ephreli-maphakathi no-Meyi (ukuphakama kuyinkulungwane yokuqala kaMeyi).
Ukusetshenziswa kwezilwane - kufana nokunye kwalokhu morel.
Sincoma ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngalezo zinhlobo zamakhowe njengesikebhe se-morel.
Ryzhiki
Indlela elula ukuthola i-ginger yangempela.
Amanye amagama: i-pine ebomvu, i-red red, i-boron noma i-autumn ebomvu.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - convex noma flat (noma ngisho ecindezelekile), kanye nemiphetho ehlanganiswe ngaphakathi. Umbala oyinhloko ubomvu noma i-orange, ngokushintshashintsha kokukhanya okomnyama kuya obomvu obomvu. Izindandatho zesici ziyabonakala, kancane kancane - ukuqhakaza okumhlophe. Smooth kuya touch, kancane sticky. Ukubhinca kufinyelela ku-4-15 cm;
- umlenze - flat and cylindrical, ngokuchofoza noma kancane lighter kune cap. E-fossa encane ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Ngaphakathi komgodi, phansi kunciphisa. Ukuphakama - 3-7 cm, ubukhulu -1.5-2;
- i-pulp - mnandi, ophuzi-orange. Uma iphula, iphenduka iluhlaza, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo asikwazi ukubamba iphunga elimnandi elimnandi.
Kubalulekile! Esikhathini samakhowe, ama-4% ayi-amino acids (kubandakanya okubalulekile) - umkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu kubantu abasebenza ngokuzikhandla.
Ikhula emzimbeni we-conifers eduze kwesihlahla sase-spruce nesihlahla sephayini. Ngokuvamile uthola amanye amakhowe, efihliwe emasimini.
Isikhathi esihle sokubuthana ngoJulayi kanye neminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaSeptemba.
Okufanele ukudoba nokukhethisa, isithako esikhulu se-sauce. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukumiswa akufanelekile.
I-Ryzhiki iphakathi kwamakhowe avamile kakhulu ekulandeleni okunamandla, ngakho-ke sineluleka ukuthi uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhowe.
Champignon ejwayelekile
Isihlobo "sasendle" samakhowe athengiwe.
Amanye amagama: peperitsa, champignon real.
Indlela yokuthola:
- isikhwama - ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu, zingase zibekwe ngezikali. Isimo sishintsha: kusukela enhlokodeni ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kuya ephahleni ngesikhungo se-convex. Umngcele uvame ukungena ngaphakathi. Ububanzi - 7-16 cm;
- umlenze - flat and straight, ngokunwebeka phansi. Umbala ufana ne-cap. Eduze phakathi kukhona indandatho. Ngokuphakama kwe-5-9 cm kune-thickness ye-1-2 cm;
- i-pulp - obukhulu futhi obukhulu, obomhlophe, obomvu ngokuphumula. Unomunandi omnandi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nama-mushroom: izinzuzo nokulimaza umzimba, izindlela zokukhula, ezikhulayo ekhaya.
Isikhathi escono kakhulu sokuqoqa - kuphela ekupheleni kukaMeyi nasekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Wonke umuntu uyazi ngamakhono we-gastronomic we-champignon. Lokhu kudla okusetshenzisiwe kusetshenziswe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo (ngaphandle kokucwenga kanye nosawoti).
Inedible, amakhowe anobuthi
Ngaphandle kwezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezidliwayo, amakhowe anobuthi noma amancane angabonakali, okufanele agwenywe, atholakala kulezi zindawo. Futhi ukuze uzivikele, udinga ukwazi kahle ukuthi ubukeka kanjani.
I-grebe yama-Pale
Yingozi kakhulu kuwo wonke amakhowe anobuthi.
Amanye amagama: amanita aluhlaza.
Uyazi? Eminyakeni 1845-1849. Abalimi base-Ireland baye baphazamisa umuthi omncane we-parasite, okuthiwa ama-potato ukubola. Indlala ithole izilinganiso ezinjalo kangangokuthi abaningi abafuna ukuphila okungcono bashiye iMelika.
Izimpawu ezikhethekile:
- isikhwama - isimo se-hemispherical noma flat. Umbala: ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omnqumo noma omhlophe. Umngcele uhlale ubushelelezi, unobuso obubonakalayo obubonakalayo. I-diameter - kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-15 cm. Qaphela - ngezinye izikhathi izingcezu ezinamafilimu ezinzima zibonakala esikhumbeni;
- umlenze - i-cylindrical, ngokuqina okubonakalayo phansi. Kungaba mhlophe, uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophuzi. Amaphethini we-Moire avame ukubonwa. Ukuphakama - 8-17 cm, ubukhulu - 1-3;
- i-pulp - emhlophe futhi enomzimba, ayishintshi umbala uma ephukile. Ezinhlanzi ezincane, iphunga elimnandi nelinambitha liboniswa buthakathaka, kanti kusukela ezindala ziphethe izinambuzane ezichotshoziwe noma into enjalo.
Isikhathi sokukhula - ngoJulayi-Okthoba.
Ubuqili bezinhlanzi ziwukuthi badideka kalula nama-mushroom, imigqa ye-zelenuskas noma ama-russules. Kodwa ngisho nangalesi sizinda, i-albino okuthiwa i-albino ivela ngaphandle - i-toadstool emhlophe ngokuphelele, engaphazamisa ngisho nesikhethi se-mushroom esinobuchwepheshe.
Ukuze uzivikele wena nomndeni wakho ekushiseni ubuthi nge-toadstool ephuzile, sineluleka ukuba uhlole ngokucophelela ukubukeka kwawo.
I-Bog yamanga
Elinye igama: i-papillary gland.
Izimpawu ezikhethekile:
- isikhwama - umnyama omnyama, nge-violet tinge ebandayo (e-"snag" encane kukhanya). Imibuthano yama-flakes iyabonakala phezulu. Umumo uvame ukuhlala phansi, nemiphetho kancane ijika ngaphakathi. Phakathi nendawo kungaba khona i-tubercle. Ububanzi - 3-9 cm. Uma ucindezelwe kusuka ngaphandle, indawo enombala ibuhlaza, ivele ishintsha umbala ukuze uhlasele;
- umlenze - i-cylindrical, engenalutho, ngokunyuka kancane kuya phansi. Ukuphakama - 4-11 cm, ubukhulu - kufika ku-3;
- i-pulp - obomvu, ngephunga elibonakalayo, njengekhonta elivuthiwe noma i-camphor. Kuba mnyama uma kuphulwa.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukungathathi amakhowe anobuthi nakancane ezandleni zakho - izinhlamvu ezandleni zesandla sakho zingabangela ukukhungatheka okukhulu.
Ikhula cishe yonke indawo.
Isikhathi sokukhula - kusukela maphakathi no-Agasti kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Amanita obomvu
Wonke umuntu uzwile ngalokhu amakhowe, kodwa ngenxa yokubukeka okubonakalayo akudideki nanoma yini.
Izimpawu ezikhethekile:
- isikhwama - emasimini amancane, kodwa ngokukhula kuvula futhi kuvuleke. Ubuso obomvu obomvu bugcwele ama-flakes amhlophe. I-Girth - kusuka ku-7 ukuya ku-20 cm;
- umlenze - cylindrical, ngokuqina eduze base. Unemibala emhlophe noma ephuzi. Esikhathini esidala sase-fly-agaric ngaphakathi. Ubukhulu - 8-20 cm ukuphakama, 1-3 cm ubukhulu;
- i-pulp - elincane, elimhlophe noma eliphuzi eliphuzi (kancane kancane elino-orange), elinomsila okhanyayo.
Isikhathi sokukhula - maphakathi noJulayi-Okthoba.
Zijwayele ngezinhlobonhlobo zama-amanitas, okungukuthi, i-mushroom ye-panther, futhi uthole nokuthi yimaphi ama-mushroom ayenayo.
Amakhowe amabomvu obomvu
Bavame ukudideka nge-autumn honey agarics. Kodwa uma kuhlolisiswa, ukungafani phakathi kwabo kubonakala.
Izimpawu ezikhethekile:
- isikhwama - isilwane, isisindo se-hemispherical noma semi-esilandelayo. Umbala: kusuka obomvu obomvu kuya ophuzi obomvu (nge-shading phakathi). Emaphethelweni avame ukulenga ama-flakes amhlophe. Ububanzi - 4-12 cm;
- umlenze - luqinile nakakhulu. Ekuqaleni kokukhula, okuqinile, kulabadala, kuba yize. Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala sengathi ukuxilonga kubonakala phansi (kodwa lokhu akukhona ngaso sonke isikhathi). Endaweni efanayo kunombala obomvu obomvu, oshintshwa ngokukhanya okuphuzi phezulu. Kungase kube khona ukuhlala kwefilimu. 6-10 cm ukuphakama, kufika ku-1.5 ubukhulu;
- i-pulp - omhlophe futhi ophuzi futhi kunomunene, ngephunga elimuncu. Ayikho iphunga elithile.
Uyazi? I-urchin ye-comb, efana nenja encane e-shaggy ikude, injengezilwane zasolwandle kune-mushroom esakhiweni sayo.
Kwenzeka ngokuyinhloko kwi-stumps nangemithi ewile.
Inkathi yokukhula - u-Agasti-yokuqala ka-September.
Amakhowe kaSathane
Elinye igama: ogulayo.
Izimpawu ezikhethekile:
- isikhwama ngesimo somjikelezo ojikelezayo uneminyaka yobudala. Kungenzeka kube mhlophe, i-gray, umnqumo noma i-gray gray. Ama-shades aphuzi, ama-ocher noma ama-pink ajwayelekile. Ukuthinta kubushelelezi futhi kukhulu kakhulu - 8-30 cm kwesikhala;
- umlenze - Kubonakala sengathi i-keg, kodwa okokuqala i-ovoid noma i-spherical. I-Dense, ngephethini ebonakalayo ephathekayo namaseli ahlanganisiwe. Ukushintsha kombala: isisekelo esibomvu esinombala obomvu siphenduka sibe phakathi okubomvu okuphakathi kwe-orange, okugqoke ngenhla eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuphakama - 5-15 cm, ubukhulu - 3-10;
- i-pulp - eliphuzi noma elimhlophe, nge-cut eliphendukile elibomvu noma eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-specimens amadala anomunwe oqinile.
Isikhathi sokukhula - maphakathi noJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izici zamakhowe kaSathane onayo.
Izindawo zefungal eduze neMoscow
Abathandi "ukuzingela okuthulile" nalolu phiko bazobiza izindawo eziningi zamakhowe (okuhle, isifunda saseMoscow kulokhu kubhekwa njengendawo ecebile kakhulu).
Ukuze singakuthwali uhlu olukhulu lwezindawo ezinjalo, sibona okuphawulekayo kubo. Njengoba usuhambe lapho, ngisho nomqashi uzoqoqa ibhasikidi egcwele.
Kubalulekile! Izinkambo zokuqala ezinjalo zenziwa kangcono ngenkampani yomqondisi onolwazi ongayikukhombisa kuphela izindlela ezidingekayo, kodwa futhi anikeze amakhono adingekayo ukuhamba.
Okufanele ukuvakasha okunjalo yizinto ezinjalo:
- Art. Umnyama (Isiqondiso seRyazan). Ima phakathi naphakathi kwehlathi lepine futhi idumile phakathi kwabaqashi be-mushroom cishe indawo yokukhulekela. Idume ngokuchichima kwama-chanterelles ne-boletus;
- Art. Lukhovitsy umzila ofanayo. Okuseduze - izindawo ezimbili ezinamapulangwe. Iningizimu icebile ngamakhowe ase-aspen nama-boletus, futhi enyakatho imangazwa ngamakhowe amhlophe;
- Art. Firsanovka (Isiqondiso se-Leningrad). Ukuvuna kungaqala cishe ngo-1.5 km ukuya enyakatho (ukuya emadolobheni aseKlushino naseNazarievo), noma u-3 km ukuya entshonalanga: ukuwela umfula we-Goretovka ukuya eRuzino, ungathola imikhakha emikhulu yamakhowe obomvu nobusi obukhulu. Amapuphu amhlophe namasundu lapha, futhi, Nemer;
- Pavlovskaya Sloboda. Indawo ezungezile zaleli dolobha zicebile kukho konke, kodwa ikakhulukazi ama-champignon. Ungafika lapho esiteshini Nakhabino (imizuzu eyi-10 ngebhasi inombolo 23);
- Art. Sushkinskaya noPetelino we-Belarusian. Emakhilomitha angu 2 ukusuka kubo babelula ihlathi elikhulu elinamakhowe amaningi. Indawo egcwele kunawo wonke umgwaqo owela ehlathini waya epulazini lezinkukhu zasePelelinsky, ezinhlangothini zalo iKlondike yangempela kulabo abathanda uju lwe-agarics;
Kuyathakazelisa ukufunda ngamakhowe ezidliwayo nezomuthi ezikhulayo ezihlahleni.
- ihlathi e-s. I-Pokrovka (2 km empumalanga yesiteshi. IBashkino Kiev isiqondiso) - ubuningi be syroezhek, uju nama-mushroom. Noma ngabe uya esentshonalanga esiteshini, ungangena kwenye indawo ngokuhlukahluka okufanayo;
- i-array ku-st. Sharapova ukuzingela (I-Kursk line). Ukuya empumalanga, ezindaweni zokuhlala ePleshkino naseVoskresenka, umuntu angakwazisa yonke ingcebo yamadlelo ase-mushroom - ngendlela iningi lezinhlobo ezikhulayo esifundeni;
- isithombe esifanayo eduze kobuciko. I-Kazan esiqondisweni se-Gorky. Kukhona okwanele nje ukuba uhambe uye ngaphesheya kwendwangu, uzama ukungalahleki kulo;
- ephezulu ye-Paveletskaya line top ibhekwa njengento ehleliwe esiteshini. Izinsika ezimhlophe - Ikhilomitha entshonalanga iqala ehlathini elimnyama, elicebile kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezikhulayo ezimweni ezinjalo. Uma uhamba ngendlela eya eShibantsevo (lena enye engama-5 km) uphinde uwele iKashirskoye Highway, khona-ke ungakwazi ukuqoqa amakhowe amhlophe amaningi;
- imizana yaseKonyashino neMinino (4-5 km ukuya enyakatho kusukela esiteshini saseGzhel kumzila weKazan).
Uyazi? Emahlathini aseNew Zealand akhula amakhowe, engxenyeni engaphandle edwetshwe ngokuphelele embala we-blue-blue.
Ngokuvamile, kukhona lapho ongaya khona. Futhi lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele lwezindawo ezithelayo - kungenzeka ukuqoqa izipho zehlathi cishe zonke izigaba, okukhona inombolo enkulu eduze neMoscow.
Imithetho yokukhetha amakhompiyutha
Ngaphezu kokwazi izindawo eziyinhloko, udinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi ukhethe kanjani amakhowe kahle. Konke kuqala nge "izinsizakalo" - izingubo ezihlelekile nezicathulo, kanye nokuthola ibhasikidi elincane nelincane (ipulasitiki ayifanele).
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuseduze, khumbula imithetho elula okufanele uzinamathele lapho uhamba:
- ukuqoqa, kungcono ukuya ezindaweni ezikude kude nomuzi omkhulu kanye nezimboni ezinobungozi - ukuhlanza umoya, kungcono ukuvunwa (ngenxa yezizathu, amakhowe awavunwa eduze kwemigwaqo);
- qoqa izinhlobo ezijwayelekile kuphela. Uma kukhona ukusola okuncane - akufanele uthathe amakhowe;
- kungcono ukugwema ukuvuna izilinganiso ezikhula eduze kwezinhlobo ezinobuthi (ngisho noma zibonakala zidliwa - izingxabano eziyingozi zingasakazeka kubo);
Sikululeka ukuthi uthole ukuthi amakhowe akhula ngo-Meyi, ekwindla, esifundeni saseLeningrad nase-Ukraine.
- hlola ngokucophelela ama-specimens ukuze kungabi khona izimpungushe, ukuphahlazeka nokunye ukulimala;
- qiniseka ukuthi usula ukuqoqwa kwezidumbu;
- Ungadonsi ama-mushroom, bese uwasika (noma ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungawafaki ukuze ungalimazi i-mycelium). Uma ungayinaki le mithetho, i-mycelium izofa;
- Ikhethelo elihle yi-specimens ezincane (hhayi "amancane" noma amakhowe amadala);
- hamba ehlathini kuphela ngamahora emini, futhi ngokushesha kungcono. Ngaphambi kokunyuka, qiniseka ukushaja ifoni bese utshela abathandekayo bakho lapho uya khona;
- zama ukungahambisani namathrekhi nama-glades (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubaqalayo);
- Uma unomntwana, qiniseka ukuthi akayitholi amakhowe aluhlaza kanye namajikijolo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqoqa ungasebenzisi izikhwama zeplastiki.
Kuzo zonke izinto ezilula, le mithetho iyosiza ngempela ukugwema izinkinga ezingase zihlangane ehlathini. Yiqiniso, izimo zihlukile - endaweni engavamile kulula futhi ilahleka. Kulokhu, into esemqoka - ngaphandle kokwesaba: shayela izihlobo noma abangane bese utshela indawo eseduze, ulalele imisindo (ukukhwabanisa kwezinja ezikude noma ukuqhuma kwezimoto kubonisa ukuthi impucuko iseduze kakhulu futhi ungaya kwenye indawo).
Njengoba ubona, ukukhetha amakhowe kuyilungiselelo eliyingozi futhi elidinga. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzoba usizo kubafundi bethu, futhi uhambo olunjalo ngeke luwanikeze ngebhasikidi eligcwele lama-mushroom, kodwa futhi libuyele icala lokujabula kanye nethemba. Imali yokurekhoda nezinto ezithokozisayo endleleni!
