Umuthi we-lemoni on the windowsill ungumhlobiso wangempela wendlu. Ngaphezu kwamaqabunga amahle acwebezelayo wombala oluhlaza okotshani nomqhele osasazekayo, othokozisayo iso, uyaziqhenya ngokuthi uthela izithelo ekhaya kahle.
Ulamula osanda kukhethwa osendlini unempilo futhi unempilo ukwedlula ulamula wesitolo, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo sinenzuzo ephindwe kabili - kokubukeka okuhle futhi okusebenzayo.
Izinhlobo ze-lemoni ezikhula ekhaya
Noma kunjalo, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zikalamula ezihloselwe ukukhula ekhaya. Ukuze umuthi uthathe izimpande, uqhakaze futhi uthele izithelo, kufanele kukhethwe enye yezinhlobo ezikhula ngokukhethekile:
- Imayer, Meyer noma Chinese emfushane - izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, ezingathembi kakhulu. Kubonakala ngokukhula okuncane (kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1), amahlamvu amahle aminyene nezincane, kodwa izithelo ezimnandi nezinamnandi zomumo ojikelezayo
- INovogruzinsky neKursky ziyizinhlobo ezinde (ezingafika kumamitha amabili). Zidinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela. Thela izithelo njalo. Izithelo zikhulu futhi zinamakha.
- I-Pavlovsky isitshalo esingenakubekelwa phansi esinamaqabunga sokukhula okuphakathi (cishe amamitha ayi-1,5) esinemithi eminingana.
- IMaykopsky iyinhlobo ephakathi nendawo (1.5 m) enezithelo ezinde ezinombala omncane.
- I-Eureka luhlobo olukhula ngokushesha. Inika izithelo nge-peel thick and ukunambitheka okumuncu kakhulu.
- IGenoa luhlobo oluvundayo olufiphele. Ubunzima ku-pulp emnene ne-zest enamakha ngaphandle komunyu.
Izimo ezifanele zokukhula okuhle kalamula ongaphakathi
Indawo ekahle yezihlahla zosawolintshi ekhanyayo ingama-windowsill eningizimu-ntshonalanga nangaseningizimu-mpumalanga. Kwenye indawo, kuy efiseleka ukunxephezela ukungabikho kokukhanya kwelanga ngama-phytolamp. Ulamula ukhula kahle kumakhabethe akhazimulayo nakuma-loggias, ngokuya ngombuso wokushisa nokungabikho kokubhaliwe.
Ukunakekelwa Kwalamusi Ekhaya
Ngokuvamile, ulamula akusona isitshalo esikhulu kakhulu. Ingatshalwa kububanzi bokushisa obubanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uzuze izimbali nokukhulisa izithelo, kubalulekile ukubona imithetho yokunakekelwa ngokucophelela.
Isibani
Njengezitshalo eziningi, ulamula uncamela ukukhanya kwelanga kodwa okugqamile. Uma imbiza isemafasiteleni, ezinsukwini zehlobo kumele ifakwe imbobo noma ihlanzwe ngaphakathi ukuze igweme ukushiswa yilanga.
Ebusika, ungenza ukushoda kokukhanyisa ngamalambu e-ultraviolet.
Isitshalo asithandi lapho ukukhanya kuguqula indlela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi ikwazi ukuphendula ngokulahla izimbali kanye nemiqumbe. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukuyijika njalo imbiza noma ukuyihlela kabusha kwenye indawo.
Imodi yokushisa
Ulamula wangaphakathi awudingi kakhulu emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni - into esemqoka ukuthi ayidluleli ngaphezu + kuka-15 ... +27 ° C. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo singagcinwa sipholile ngaphakathi, kepha singekho ngaphansi kuka +5 ° C. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isihlahla siwela opopayi abamisiwe ngaphandle kokuphonsa amahlamvu.
Isidingo esiyinhloko ukungabikho kokushisa okuqinile. Ulamula awubekezeleli futhi ungalahlekelwa wonke amaqabunga.
Akunconyiwe:
- faka isikhala egumbini ngokuvuleleka, siveza lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kokusalungiswa;
- dlulisa imbiza uyisuse egumbini elifudumele uye kwelinye elipholile noma okuphambene nalokho;
- ebandayo bokuqala bekwindla kuletha ukushisa okuvela emgwaqweni;
- ukuthenga isitshalo esitolo ebusika - kuzofanele sithwelwe emakhazeni.
Ukushisa ngokweqile akulungile nomuthi entwasahlobo, lapho uzoqhakaza. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa lomoya eliyi-+14 ... +18 ° C, uma kungenjalo izimbali kungenzeka zingenzeki noma ukuqhakaza okusevele kumisiwe kugijimisa ubungozi bokuwa.
Umswakama womoya
Izihlahla zeCitrus zi-hygrophilous. Ukukhula okugcwele, zidinga umswakama womoya okungenani ama-60%. Ukuyinikeza, igumbi elinomswakama, umthombo wokuhlobisa noma ubumba olwandisiwe nje olugcwele amanzi epanini lembiza kuzosiza. Kulokhu, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi amanzi awagxili futhi akubangeli ukubola kwezimpande.
Ukunisela
Ama-cicruse adinga ukuthambisa okwanele futhi okufika ngesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo - entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ekwindla nasebusika, imvamisa incishiswa ngokubheka isimo senhlabathi.
Uma isitshalo sisenkingeni ebusika, sinisela ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela ngenani elincane lamanzi ukuvimba inhlabathi ukuthi isomile ngokuphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi ahleliwe noma ahlungiwe afudumele kancane kunokushisa kwegumbi. Ukubanda kungadala ukubola kwezimpande. Isitshalo sizohlomula ngokuncibilika noma emanzini emvula.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Baqala ukondla isitshalo ngoMashi, ngemuva kokushiya hibernation nangokuqala kwesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, shintsha umanyolo we-organic namaminerali, ukungeza kuwo amanzi okunisela cishe kanye njalo emavikini amabili. NgoNovemba, ukondla kuyamiswa - ebusika, isitshalo asisidingi.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala yokuphila, ulamula omncane uyatshalwa minyaka yonke. Izitshalo zabantu abadala kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine, ngokuya ngokufakwa kabusha konyaka okungaphezulu komhlaba.
Isikhathi esihle sokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali, noma ekwindla.
Lapho ukhetha ibhodwe, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umthamo akufanele ube mkhulu kakhulu - uma kunendawo enkulu kakhulu, isitshalo siqondisa amabutho aso ezimpandeni ezikhulayo, hhayi eziqhakaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingozi yokubola kumashubhu amakhulu yindawo ephakeme.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngendlela yokudluliselwa - izimpande zisuswa ngokucophelela kanye nesigaxa sobumba ngaphandle kokulimaza, bese zibekwa ebhodweni elisha elinengqimba yokudonsa (ngokwesibonelo, ngobumba olunwetshiwe) ezansi. Isiqu somzimba asingcwatshwa - izinga lomhlabathi kufanele lihlale linjalo. Gcwalisa isikhala samahhala nge-substrate entsha.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Umhlabathi wokukhulisa ulamula ulula, awuthathi hlangothi noma une-acidic kancane. Ukuhlanganiswa komhlaba kosawolitshi kuyafana nezimpawu ezinjalo.
Uma ufisa, ungayixube ngokwakho: thatha izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba we-sod, enye ibe nge-humus neqabunga, enye ibe yisihlabathi kanye ne-peat.
Ukwakhiwa komqhele
Ukuze amagatsha esihlahla akhule ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinkomba, kunconywa ukuthi ibhodwe ligijinyiswe cishe ngamashumi amathathu emithi njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Lokhu kungenziwa uma ama-buds avela esitshalweni - ushintsho ekuqondeni kokukhanya kungaholela ekwehleni kwawo.
Ukwakheka komqhele kuqala lapho ulamula unonyaka owodwa ubudala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sika ingaphezulu yesihlahla nge secateurs ebukhali, ushiye isiqu esiphakeme esingu-20 cm. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuvela amahlumela aseceleni. Banqunywa futhi emuva komunye unyaka, ukuze bagatsha ngokuqinile ngokwengeziwe.
Izihlahla azithuthukisi kuphela ukubukeka kwesitshalo, nazo zinomthelela ekwenzeni izithelo ezinhle. Kepha abatshali bezitshalo abancomi ukuvumela ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla kuze kube yilapho ukuqeda umqhele sekuphelele.
Ezitshalweni ezinezithelo zabantu abadala, kufiselekayo ukususa ihlumela lapho izithelo zithathwe khona - ngeke kusabonakala gatsha.
Ukuqhakaza nokuvota
Inqubo yokuqhakaza izimbali ithatha amandla amaningi esitshalweni. Ukuze umsize aqale ukuthela izithelo ngempumelelo, kuyadingeka ngalesi sikhathi ukumnakekela ngokucophelela.
Enye yezimo ukwehla kwenani lezimbali esihlahleni. Uma umncane, uthela kancane izithelo. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kokuqala, awukwazi ukukuvumela kuma-ovari angaphezu kwesine - okusele kumele kususwe. Ngokuqhakaza ngakunye okwalandela, inani lezithelo lingandiswa ngamabili.
Ukungcola yinqubo edingekayo ukuze izithelo zisethelwe. Kwi-vivo, kwenzeka ngosizo lwezinambuzane. Ekhaya, ungakwenza kalula nge-shayela ejwayelekile, udlulisa impova ngobumnene kusuka ezimbalini kuya ezimbalini.
Imithetho yokukhulisa ulamula
Ukuthuthukiswa nokuvuthwa kwezithelo emthini welamula kuthatha izinyanga eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyi-9. Ngalesi sikhathi, imithetho eminingana kufanele ibonwe:
- Gwema izinga lokushisa ngokweqile;
- ungaphenduki futhi ungalususi imbiza yezimbali futhi;
- Musa ukusika iziqu namaqabunga.
Amahlamvu esihlahla adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvuthweni kolamula. Nguye obanikeza i-carbon dioxide nezakhi zomzimba. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi okungenani amapheshana ayishumi kufanele akhule ngesithelo ngasinye esitshalweni.
Ulamula ovuthiwe ukha inyanga eyodwa nesigamu kuya kwezinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokubumbeka. Uma ungavuni ngesikhathi, isikhumba siba mnene futhi siqinile, inyama izokoma.
Ukusakazwa kolamula lwangaphakathi
Ulamula wasendlini asatshalaliswa yimbewu nokusikwa. Zombili izindlela ziyaphumelela impela, kepha ukuhlwanyelwa kudla isikhathi esiningi.
Akunandaba ukuthi ufuna ukukhulisa izinhlobo ezinjani, ungasebenzisa imbewu yolamula ejwayelekile besitolo. Okukhulu kakhulu kufanele kukhethwe. Ngemuva kwalokho ungalandela imiyalo:
- Masishane ngemuva kokukhishwa, faka amathambo amahora amaningi ngesixazululo sokuvuselela ukukhula.
- Lungisa iziqukathi ezincane ezinezimbobo ezansi kanye nesendlalelo se-drainage.
- Gcwalisa iziqukathi ngomhlabathi - okufanayo nezitshalo zabantu abadala.
- Tshala imbewu eyodwa embizeni ngayinye, uyijule ngo-2 cm.
- Mboza nge-pulasitiki yokugoqa noma usike amabhodlela epulasitiki futhi ubeke endaweni efudumele (okungenani i-+18 ° C).
- Ventilate futhi fafaza ngezikhathi ezithile. Amanzi kuphela anezimpawu zokomiswa kwenhlabathi.
Khumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izithombo ezihluma. Ukuhluma kungathatha amasonto amabili kuya amane emva kokutshala. Lapho amaqabunga amane akha emahlumela, ungawathululela ebhodweni.
Lapho kusakazwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, izitshalo zilahlekelwa yizo zonke izinhlamvu ezihlukile futhi ngeke kuthele izithelo. Ukuze ziguquke zibe yizihlahla zezithelo ezigcwele, kuyadingeka ukugoma ulamula ovuthiwe.
Indlela elula yokwandisa isihlahla esidala ngokusikwa. Zingathathwa kubatshali bezimbali ezikhulisa ulamula ekhaya, noma zitholwe ngeposi, ziyalelwe esitolo online.
Isiqu esifanelekile sinobude obungu-8-12 cm futhi okungenani sinama-buds amathathu. Isilayidi kufanele sibe oblique, angle angle-45. Iqabunga elingaphansi lidinga ukusikwa, bese kuthi uhhafu osele.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- Lungisa imbiza yesayizi oyifunayo ngezimbobo zokudonsa, kepha faka ungqimba lobumba phansi bese ulugcwalisa ngenhlabathi.
- Ukusikwa kwesibambo kuphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhula.
- Beka isithombo enhlabathini yenhlanganisela ejwayelekile ye-citrus, ukhulisa isiqu ngo-1-1,5 cm.
- Faka endaweni efudumele futhi ufafazwe njalo. Ukunisela kwenziwa kuphela lapho inhlabathi yomile.
Umsuka wezinsika uvame ukuphela ngenyanga noma ngesigamu.
Izinambuzane nezifo zikalamula ongaphakathi
Ukhumula kwezihlahla zamawolintshi kungukuthambekela kwazo kwezifo eziningi, ezinye zazo ezingenamsebenzi ukulwa.
| Lesi sifo | Izimpawu | Ukwelashwa |
| Ishidi mosaic | I-curl yamaqabunga, ukukhanya okucacile, okumangalisa. | Hlukana nezinye izitshalo, unikeze ukunakekelwa okufanele nokugqoka okuphezulu. Uma kwenzeka utheleleka kanzima, chitha lesi sitshalo. |
| Umdlavuza weCitrus | I-Defform kanye namabala amnyama kumaqabunga nezithelo, ukuboshwa kokukhula. | Ukucekela phansi isitshalo. Lesi sifo aselashwa. |
| UTristeza | Ukuwa kweqabunga okungenasisekelo, amabala ansundu esiqwini nakwamagatsha. | |
| UMelseko | Ukomisa, ukuqala emaphethelweni amaqabunga bese usakazekela kumagatsha. Ukuwa kweqabunga. Ubomvu ekusikeni kwamagatsha. | |
| Gomoz | Izindawo ezimnyama ze-Oblong esiqwini nasemagatsheni, zivame ukumbozwa imifantu, okuvela kuyo into ephuzi. | Susa izindawo ezithintekile, phatha ngokulungiselela i-fungicidal. Phindisela ukwelashwa kuze kube yilapho izinhlaka ziphela ngokuphelele. |
| Anthracnose | Ukuhlanza nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Amabala abomvu ezitsheni. | Susa zonke izingxenye ezithintekile, phatha lesi sitshalo nge-Fitosporin noma i-Bordeaux ingxube. |
| Isikali | Izindawo eziphuzi kumaqabunga, kamuva ziyavuvukala futhi zithole umbala opinki. Amabala we-Orange ezithelo. | |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Ukuwa kweqabunga, iphunga lokubola, ukuba mnyama nokuthambisa kwezimpande. | Yenza ukufakelwa okungakahlelwanga. Ukusula uhlelo lwezimpande lomhlaba, sinqume izimpande ezonakele bese uphatha nge-carbon ecijekile eyenziwe wavuleka. Faka esikhundleni esifanele inhlabathi. |
Kwesinye isikhathi isizathu sempilo engesihle sesitshalo ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane.
| Inambuzane | Izimpawu | Ukwelashwa |
| Isihlangu | Ama-tubercles ansundu kumaqabunga neziqu, unamathelisi onamathelayo, uyafiphala. | Ukuze ucubungule isitshalo ngensipho nangamanzi, geza eshawini. Phinda ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. |
| Ama-aphid | Ukuguqulwa kwamaqabunga, ukugoqa okunamathelayo, ukuhlangana kwezinambuzane okubonwa iso. | Sika amaqabunga athintekile. Uma isiqu singenwe yilesi sifo, siphathe ngokufakwa igalikhi. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, phatha ngama-insecticides. |
| Izimpande ze-aphid | Kuyamangaza kanye nokuphuza amahlamvu. | Thatha izimpande ebhodweni, phatha ngokufakwa kwegalikhi noma ngesinambuzane, ukufakelwa enhlabathini entsha. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Mncane, iwebhu enamathelayo amahlumela amancane. | Njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu, fafaza lesi sitshalo ngesisombululo se-boric acid. |
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesihlahla sikalamula ngama-parasites nezifo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kugcinwe ukubusa kwezinga lokushisa, kugcinwe umswakama egumbini elisezingeni elidingakalayo, faka umquba wenhlabathi ngokuhlelekile futhi uvikele ukuthambisa ngokweqile noma okumbalwa kakhulu.
