I-Orchid Wanda isitshalo se-epiphytic esidabuka eSouth Asia. Kubonakala ngokuba khona kohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande nezimbali ezinkulu eziqhakazile. I-Wanda luhlobo lwanaphakade futhi ingeyomndeni womndeni wakwa-Orchid. Lesi sitshalo sihle ngokufuya ekhaya.
Incazelo yeWanda
I-Orchid Wanda - uhlobo oluthile. Ikhula ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2, amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama atholakala maqondana nomunye futhi angafinyelela ku-90 cm. Kutholakala imibala ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-orange, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okumhlophe neminye. Izimbali zifinyelela ku-5-12 cm. Izimpande ezinde zinombala oluhlaza grey. Amabhulogi kabili ngonyaka ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Asikho isikhathi sokuphumula.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene ze-Wanda Orchid
I-Orchid Wanda inezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ngayinye ibonakala ngosayizi wayo nombala wezimbali.
| Ibanga | Incazelo | Imbali | Kushiya |
| Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Isiqu esiqondile 1 m ukuphakama. I-Peduncle - 80 cm. | 7-12 i-violet-mhlophe. Ngamasentimitha - cm ayi-10. Izindebe zincanyana, cishe azikwazi ukubonakala. Iphunga elimnandi. | Okusaqanda, okuphezulu, okuhlelwe ngokweqile. |
| I-Tricolor | Ingafinyelela ku-1.5 m. | Ubukhulu 7 cm, kuze kufike ku-10 wezimbali ezinemibala. Isimo seWavy. Amacembe amhlophe anamabala abomvu, umlomo opinki. | Rough, cishe 40 cm. |
| USander | 60-120 cm ukuphakama. Ama-Peduncle afinyelela ku-50 cm. | Izingcezu ezi-5-10, ophuzi, opinki noma omhlophe. Ama-motley ezinemibala eminingi enemibala eminingi enomlomo we-monophonic ophindwe kabili. | Bifurcate ngasekupheleni. |
| Chess | 70-100 cm. | Izimbali ezinkulu eziyi-12, umbala uvame ukuba yi-beige noma nsundu. Izindebe ziphuzi onsomi. Iphunga elimnandi. | Greenish, fihla isitashi eside. |
| I-Grumpy | 150-200 cm. | Ama-5-6 ama-buds ama-pinkish angu-12 cm ubukhulu. Ezindebeni ezibubende kunezindawo eziningi ezibomvu, ezisekelweni zine-burgundy hue. | I-Cylindrical, ebekwe endaweni yonke yobude besiqu. |
| UNorbert Alfonso | 80-90 cm. | I-10-15 enkulu, i-petals ependiwe epinki. I-Lip burgundy, esongwe ngohlobo lwethhubhu. | Ikhonjiwe. |
| Javier | 35-50 cm. Isiqu siphansi. | Izimbali ezi-12,5 eziphakathi. Izindebe nezinsimbi zimhlophe qhwa, okuyinto kuphela i-Wanda yohlobo. | Imigqa eminyene yamaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama azungeze imiphetho. |
| I-Rothschild | I-80-100 cm.Ijikeleza kungafika ku-60 cm. | Izingcezu eziyi-15-18, amacembe ansomi aphuzi anamlomo omfushane omnyama. Ububanzi - 6 cm. | Ngokhahlo, amathiphu acacisiwe, afana noSander. |
Izindlela zokukhula zeWanda
Ngokubuka izici zesakhiwo sohlelo lwempande kanye nemibandela ye-orchid yeVanda, kunezindlela ezintathu imbali izizwa zikhululekile.
Imbiza
Uzodinga ipulasitiki enkulu esobala noma isitsha sobumba. Uhlelo lwempande akudingeki ukuba luxinwe.
Ngaphansi kwembiza, kufanele kwenziwe izimbobo eziningana ukuze kuvunyelwe ukujikeleza komoya. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nama-pine bark, i-polystyrene, i-peat namalahle. Isendlalelo esinjengalesi sithengiswa ezitolo, kepha singalungiswa nasekhaya.
I-vase cylindrical vase
Kuphela izimpande kuphela ezizoba sevini, ngoba ingxenye engenhla yezimbali idinga ukukhanya okukhanya njalo. Ukunisela i-orchid, udinga ukugcwalisa isikejana eceleni kwezindonga kuze kube yilapho uhlelo lwezimpande lucwilisiwe ngokuphelele emanzini. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, chitha amanzi. Inhlabathi kulokhu ayidingeki. Ngakho-ke, iWanda ngokoqobo ingena phakathi nendawo.
Amabhasikidi alengayo
Kukhona futhi obhasikidi okhethekile olengayo lolu hlobo orchid. Kuzo, isitshalo sitholakala ukuze lonke uhlelo lwezimpande lukhululekile, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kwesitsha. Indlela iyathandwa ngoba kulula ukunisela isitshalo: udinga ukufafaza ngokuphelele imbali cishe izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto. Ehlobo kufanele wenze lokhu nsuku zonke.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Wanda orchid ekhaya
Ukuze i-Vanda orchid ikhule ibe nempilo futhi ijabule ngezimbali zayo ezigqamile, kufanele inakekelwe kahle.
| Ipharamitha | Izimo |
| Isibani | Udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ungafaki isitshalo elangeni eliqondile. Uma ngokweqile kwelanga kuthinta imbali, imbozwe ngendwangu ye-tulle. Ebusika, ama-phytolamp asetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe. |
| Indawo | Babekwe ohlangothini oluseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga (lapho kunokukhanya okuningi). |
| Ukushisa | Entwasahlobo nasehlobo: + 19 ... +28 ° С. Ukuwa kobusika: + 16 ... +21 ° С. Kufa isitshalo esiphansi. I-Orchid ingahle ilondoloze amandla afinyelela ku-+ 35 ° C ngomswakama ojwayelekile. |
| Umswakama | Okungenani: 60-80%. Ngokushisa okukhona okukhona, khuphula ngokufanele. |
| Inhlabathi | Ingxube yenhlabathi ekhethekile ilungiselelwe eyenziwe nge-peat, humus, sphagnum moss nesihlabathi esikalini 1: 1: 1: 0.5. Inhlabathi ephezulu ifafazwa ngamagxolo ama-coniferous aqoshiwe, amalahle noma i-polystyrene crumb. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Umanyolo wama-orchid. Lungiselela isixazululo ngenqwaba engaphansi kwesilinganiso esinconyiwe. Kanye ngenyanga, ipha umanyolo oncibilikayo wezitshalo zasendlini emthanjeni oncishisiwe ezikhathini ezi-2. |
| Ukufakelwa | Akunasidingo. Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ingafa. Kepha kuvumelekile ngokudangala kwesinqekembe (njalo emva kweminyaka emi-4), izifo noma ukuswelakala kwendawo ebhodweni. Itshalwe kabusha ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. |
| Ukunisela | Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngesikhathi sezimbali ezisebenzayo, gcina umswakama womhlabathi oqhubekayo. Ebusika, njengoba isigaxa esingaphansi soma. |
| Izihlahla | Akunasidingo. Lapho izinambuzane zivela, sika ngokucophelela izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, isiqu sezimbali esomile siyanqunywa. |
Izici zokunisela
I-Orchid Wanda ifunwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke isitshalo siniselwa njalo ekuseni. Kunezindlela eziningi zokufudumeza imbali.
Okufanele kakhulu ukubhaja okufudumele. I-orchid ifakwa esitsheni esikhulu (okugeza noma esisekelweni) bese iniselwa ngebhavu esebenzisa amanzi + 28 ... +35 ° C. Lapho izimpande ziba luhlaza omnyama, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa kwesinye isitsha isigamu sehora, ukuze wonke amanzi engilazi. Ngaphambi kokubuyisela i-orchid ebhodweni, amaqabunga asulwa ngentambo yokususa umswakama ngokweqile.
//www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLk8kz3PMfI
Enye indlela ukucwiliswa. Kusetshenziselwa izimbali ezinempilo kuphela. Isitsha esine-orchid sicwiliswe ngokuphelele emanzini futhi sigcinwe lapho amasekhondi angama-30 kuya kwamashumi amane. Ngemuva kwalokho enye imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40 ilinde amanzi engilazi. Ngale ndlela, unisele isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ezinsukwini ezi-3.
Lapho umila, izimpande zeWanda zibekwa emanzini imizuzu engama-30-160. Ngakho-ke, i-orchid iyaphuza, emva kwalokho ayidingi kuniselwa ngezinye izinsuku ezingama-4. ICitric acid nayo ifafazwa kuketshezi ukukhipha ama-carbonates ayingozi.
Ukunisela kungaba yisici sokunisela ebhodweni. Amanzi athululelwa eceleni kwemiphetho yesitsha kuze kube yilapho i-substrate igcwele ngokuphelele bese kuvela uketshezi ngokweqile epanini. Ngemuva kwalokho, shintsha iphallet ibe isomile kakade bese usula amaqabunga ebali.
Ukunisela kungathathelwa indawo ngokufafaza kwibhodlela lokufafaza, ikakhulukazi uma i-orchid ikhule kubhasikidi wokulengiswa. Isitshalo simanzi kahle, kufaka phakathi izimbali nezimpande. Ikakhulu le ndlela ilungile ngenkathi esishisayo, lapho umswakama womoya uba omncane.
Izici zokunakekela i-orchid ye-vanda ngesikhathi sezimbali
EVanda, amahlumela amahle aqhakaza ngesilinganiso okungenani esingu-5. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, udinga ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ngokunakekelwa okufanele.
| Ipharamitha | Isimo |
| Indawo | Kungcono ukungaguquki, i-orchid ayinaso isikhathi sokuvumelana nezimo ezintsha futhi ilahle ama-buds. |
| Imbiza | Izimpande ze-orchid kufanele zihlale zikhanya, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa isitsha esibonakalayo. |
| Isibani | Izidingo zikhanya futhi ziningi. Uma kunokukhanya okunganele (ikakhulukazi ebusika), udinga ukuvula i-phytolamp. |
| Ukushisa | Ungadluli +22 ° C. Ngokwesilinganiso: + 18 ... +22 ° С. Ukushintshwa kuhle kokuqhakaza. Kuyadingeka futhi ukufudumeza imbali nsuku zonke. |
| Inhlabathi | I-substrate kumele ibe nokudla, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-orchid angeke abe namandla anele okuqhakaza. Kungcono ukufakelwa enhlabathini entsha entwasahlobo. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Umquba wePhosphorus muhle kakhulu ukuvuselela ukukhula kwama-buds. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-potassium, engeza umanyolo ngokusekelwe kuyo ngqo enhlabathini. |
Izici ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Lapho izimbali ziphela, isiqu sezimbali esomile siyasuswa ngethuluzi elinegciwane. Indawo yokusikwa iphathwa ngamalahle, i-wax noma nesinamoni. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ukunisela kungancishiswa, futhi ukugcotshwa okuphezulu kwe-potassium kufanele kuqedwe ngokuphelele. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukuqhakaza okulandelayo kuzoba cishe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Izindlela zokuzalela iWanda
Imvamisa, i-orchid kaVanda isatshalaliswa ekhaya yizingane, okusho izinqubo. Zivela kuphela ezitshalweni ezivuthiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlukanisa izingane zinesistimu yazo yezimpande, futhi ngosayizi zifinyelela ngaphezu kuka-5 cm.
- Ingane ihlukaniswe kwi-orchid enkulu ngommese onamagciwane.
- Isigaxa siphathwa ngamalahle.
- Izinqubo zibekwa ezitsheni ezincane ezigcwaliswe nge-substrate elungiselelwe kwangaphambili.
- Izithombo ziniselwa kanye ngesonto inyanga.
- Lapho i-orchid iqala ukwanda ngosayizi, izimo zokugcina ukushisa zenzelwe amahlumela, ngaphansi kwalokho umswakama akufanele uwe ngaphansi kwama-80%.
Kukhona enye indlela, ukusebenzisa amahlumela aphezulu.
- Esiqwini, amahlumela aseceleni anezimpande ezakhiwe emoyeni asikwa.
- Isendlalelo esikhethekile silungiselelwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ze-moss, fern, bark kanye namalahle.
- Izingcezu zimbozwe ngesendlalelo esincane sezinyosi.
- Izinsuku zokuqala ezi-3 ziniselwa ngokucophelela ngamahlumela abekwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe.
- Bese ukuchelela kwehliswa kube yisikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki.
- Lapho izithombo zikhula ziya ku-15 cm, iVanda idluliselwa ku-container ejwayelekile.
Amaphutha Lapho Kukhula I-Wanda Orchid
| Ukubonakaliswa | Isizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Aluqhakaza. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya, okushisa okungafanele. | Ventilate kaningi, qiniseka ukuthi kukhona amaconsi okushisa nsuku zonke, ngaphandle komanyolo we-nitrogen. |
| Isiqu sezimbali siyashabalala. | Umswakama ophansi, ukuntuleka kokunisela, izinambuzane. | Beka ingilazi yamanzi eduze kwe-orchid, wandise imvamisa yokufafaza. Thatha izindlela zokulawula izinambuzane. |
| Amahlumela ayawa. | Ukufakelwa okungaphumeleli, ukutheleleka ngezinambuzane, inhlabathi eyomile, ukufuduka. | Amanzi kaningi, qiniseka ukuthi isitshalo asishiyisi ngaphandle. Sebenzisa izinambuzane ezikhethekile ukulawula izinambuzane, ubuyisele izimo ezintofontofo zama-orchid. |
| Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile. | Ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, ukuvezwa imisebe eqondile, umoya owomile noshisayo. | Amanzi kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga ebuyiselwa. Shintsha i-orchid ngendwangu noma iphepha. |
| Izindawo ezinobala ezikhanyayo emaqabungeni. | Isitshalo sinokushiswa, ngenxa yokuxhumana isikhathi eside nelanga eliqondile. | Susa isitshalo esikhanyayo bese usimboza nge-gauze. Futha amaqabunga njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4. |
| Izimpande ziyabola. | Inhlabathi enzima kakhulu, ukuchelela kaningi, izifo zokukhunta | Thambisa i-substrate ngezinto ezilandelwayo namagxolo. Kungcono ukwelapha i-orchid kusuka ku-fungus ngomuthi okhethekile - i-Physan. Nisela izinyanga ezimbili ezizayo kungabi isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ngeviki. |
| Kushiya ubala. | Umswakama ophansi nomoya obandayo, izinambuzane. | Khulisa umswakama ku-70%, ubuyisele izinga lokushisa kokujwayelekile (+ 19 ... +28 ° С). |
Izinambuzane, izifo ze-vanda nezindlela zokubhekana nazo
| Ukubonakaliswa | Isizathu | Indlela yokuphelisa |
| Kuvela amamaki amnyama emaqabunga kulo lonke ubude. | Uthando lokunye. | Phatha izindawo ezinegciwane ngesikhunta. Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela kuya esikhathini esingu-1 ngeviki, gcina izinga lokushisa njalo lika- + 23 ... +25 ° C. Mboza ngendwangu, gwema ukukhanya okukhanyayo. |
| Uhlelo lwamahhashi, lube mnyama futhi lufe. Isiqu esinamaqabunga omile. | Ukubola kwegciwane. | Susa izindawo ezinegciwane, ukumboza izingxenye nge-phytosporin. Faka esikhundleni inhlabathi bese wenza amagciwane esitsheni. Ama-antibiotic (tetracycline) ayasebenza futhi engxenyeni yegramu eyi-1 ilitha. |
| Amachashaza amnyama avela ngaphandle kweqabunga; isiqu singambozwa ngemigqa emsundu. | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane | Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha ngokuphelele. Kufanele ususe isitshalo esinegciwane ukuze ungasabalalisi isifo. |
| Izinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza zibonakala kuyo yonke i-orchid. Iziqu namahlamvu abuna, isitshalo siyafa. | Ama-aphid. | Khulisa umswakama womoya, phatha imbali ngamanzi anensipho noma i-tincture ye-lemon ikhasi. Ukulungiswa kwamathumbu okhethekile (i-Intavir, i-Actofit) kulungele kangcono ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane. |
| Izinambuzane ezincane ze-beige emaqabungeni, ama-peduncle, ama-buds kanye neziqu. I-plaque emhlophe ne-wax deposits. UWanda uyaphela amandla. | I-Mealybug. | Susa ukukhula, izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo. Phatha isibani ngesisombululo sotshwala, susa izimuncagazi. I-Actara, iMospilan, i-Actellik, iCalypso zinhle ngokulwa. |
| Kuvela imisukelo emincane emaqabungeni naseziqu. Kuvela amabala aphuzi, amahlumela afe. | Isihlangu. | Isixazululo sensipho notshwala, i-tincture ye-fern kanye namakhemikhali anjenge-Permethrin, i-Bi 58, i-Phosphamide, iMethyl mercaptophos izosiza ukuqeda inkathazo. |
