I-Incarvillea iyisitshalo esinezimbali herbaceous yomndeni wakwaBignoniaceae. Indawo yokusabalalisa - izifunda eziphakathi nezisempumalanga ye-Asia, iHimalaya.
Incazelo ye-Incarville
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, kungokwaminyaka yonke, okune-biennial and perennial, kukhula kumamitha ayi-2. Uhlelo lwezimpande lunezinkuni noma lunamaqhubu, iziqu ziqondile, zigqinsiwe.
I-Foliage - engenasandla entendeni yesandla, enamaphethelo amahle kakhulu. Ama-panicrate noma ama-raceme inflorescence aqukethe izihlahlana ezihlukaniswe ezinhlanu, ama-corollas awashubhu. Umbala - ophuzi, opinki noma obomvu. Izithelo zikusimo sombhobho we-polygonal bifid, imbewu inamaphiko, i-pubescent.
Izinhlobo ze-Incarville
Ezimweni zasendlini, kuvunyelwe ukukhulisa lezo zinhlobo ze-incarville:
| Buka | Incazelo | Kushiya | Izimbali |
| IsiShayina | Ezasekhaya - i-East Asia. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sezulu esibandayo. | Kucwengiwe, kuqoshwe. | Luhlaza okhanyayo. Uphuzi omnandi. |
| Delaway | Isitshalo esidala, isiqu sifinyelela kuma-60 cm. | Okukhonjisiwe, kuze kufike ku-20 cm ubude. | Izinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi epinki. Umongo ububomvu, uphuzi. Ama-inflorescences asesimweni sama-panicles, aqukethe ama-buds amathathu. |
| Iminyene noma enkulu | Ukukhula okungapheli kufinyelela kuma-cm angama-30. Ama blooms kusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. | Okukhulu, okuncane. | Kusontekile, ububanzi kuze kufike ku-6 cm. Umbala - onsomi, upinki okhanyayo. Ama-petals asetshenzisiwe, abe nesizinda esiphuzi. |
| UMayra | Izikhathi eziphansi zisetshenziswa, ziyabandelana neqhwa. Ama-rosette ase-basal adlulile futhi aba-petioles abaqinile. | Kukhishwe kancane. Luhlaza omnyama. | Okukhulu, kupinki. Tubular whisk ophuzi. |
| Okumhlophe | Ikhula ibe ngu-50 cm. | Spiky. | Mhlophe qhwa, isikhungo siphuzi. |
| Ipinki | Ukuphakama kwe-barrel kuze kufike ku-1.5 m. | I-Cirrus ihlulwe, imboza kuphela isisekelo sesiqu. | Encane, epinki. Ububanzi bama-buds abudluli ku-2 cm. |
| I-White swan | Ikhula ibe ngu-50 cm. Iklanywe ngabazalanisi. | Fern-like. | I-Cream, ububanzi kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-5 cm. |
Izimo ezikhulayo ze-Incarvilla nezimpawu zokunakekelwa
Lapho ukhula nge-incarvilles, udinga ukukhetha indawo efanele. Uhlelo lwezimbali luyazwela umswakama, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukutshala emithambekeni, ezindaweni ezinamadwala noma ezivandeni zamatshe. Lapho isitshalo sibekwa embhedeni wezimbali noma embhedeni wezimbali, isiqu saso sikhuliswa ngenhla komhlaba. Inketho efanelekile kungaba inhlabathi enempilo enesihlabathi, ungqimba lwamanzi lwenziwe ngesihlabathi esihlanganayo.
Indawo kufanele ibekwe kahle, vumela isithunzi esincane esilinganayo. Imbali ivikelekile elangeni eliqondile.
I-Incarvilleia idinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo. Kuyenqatshelwa ukugcwalisa, lokhu kucasule ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande. Kepha futhi akunakwenzeka ukucabanga futhi ukomisa kuphume enhlabathini.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, isitshalo siyondliwa. Inhlabathi igcwaliswa yinkimbinkimbi yamaminerali noma yamanyolo we-organic (imvamisa isebenzisa ukumiliselwa kwe-mullein, okucetyiswa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo).
Uma ukutshala nokunakekela i-Incarville kwakuqondile, khona-ke imbali inobulukhuni obuhle kakhulu basebusika.
Ukusakazeka kwensarville
Incarvilla okusatshalaliswa imbewu nezindlela zemifino.
Imbewu
Lapho usebenzisa indlela yokuqala yokuzalanisa imbali, izinto zokutshala zibekwa ngokushesha enhlabathini evulekile. Lezi zenzo zenziwa ngoMashi noma ngoSepthemba, futhi ukuqhakaza izimbali akulindelekile ngaphambi konyaka olandelayo.
Ukuthola ama-buds cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala, kusetshenziswa izithombo. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo simelana nokubanda kakhulu futhi sizogcina ukubukeka kwaso isikhathi esithe xaxa. Kepha kakade ngonyaka wesibili kwakungekho mehluko phakathi kwama-incarvilles atshalwe ngesimo sembewu nezithombo.
Lapho kusakazwa izithombo, izinto zokutshala kumele zihlukaniswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufakelwa, imbewu ibekwa emgodini we-peat, bese ihanjiswa esiqandisini.
Nikeza izinga lokushisa lika-+5 ° C bese ubamba imbali kuyo. Kusukela i-Incarville ibekwe emhlabathini ngoMashi, okungenhla kwenziwa ngoJanuwari.
Indawo yezithombo ithengwa esitolo; noma yikuphi ukuxubana kwenhlabathi yezitshalo zasengadini kufanelekile. Futhi, i-substrate idalwe ngokuzimela ngokuxuba izingxenye ezilandelayo ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo:
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- Peat;
- isihlabathi semifula ehlanganayo.
Inhlabathi ibekwa ngaphansi kokwelashwa okushisa futhi imizuzu engama-30 ibekwe kuhhavini, setha izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu kuka- +100 ° C. Ngemuva kwalokho umhlaba ubekwa ngaphansi kwe-gauze bese ubanjwa lapho amasonto amathathu, ukubuyiselwa ngokuphelele kwe-microflora.
Uma isikhathi sokutshala sesifikile, futhi asikho isikhathi esibekiwe sokulinda, khona-ke inhlabathi iphathwa ngesisombululo esingu-0,2% se-manganese acid nosawoti we-potassium, emva kwalokho inhlabathi yomile izinsuku eziningana.
Imbewu ibekwa enhlabathini eyakhiwe kancane, ifakwe ebhokisini elikhethekile lezithombo, bese ifafazwa nge-1 cm yesihlabathi (ngokulinganayo moisten isebenzisa ibhodlela lokufafaza). Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu futhi sinikeza izinga lokushisa lika + 18 ... +20 ° C.
Kunconywa ukubeka izithombo ohlangothini oluseningizimu lwendlu, kepha kude kakhulu nabashisi kangangokuba igumbi lalingekho ngaphezu kwe-+22 ° C. Ukunakekela izithombo kulula: izimbali zifafazwa nsuku zonke kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza bese ifilimu lisuswa isigamu sehora ukuvumela umoya omusha ungene.
Bangena e-Incarville lapho kuvela amaqabunga angapheli angama-3-4. Kunconywa ukufakelwa ezitsheni ezihlukile. Imvamisa sebenzisa izingilazi zepulasitiki ezinobukhulu obungu-5-6 cm.
Enhlabathini evulekile, izithombo zitshalwa ngoJuni. Cishe inyanga ngaphambi kwalokhu, ukuqina kokuqina kuqala, ukuthatha umphako wezimbali ungene emoyeni amahora amaningi.
Abanye balandela uhlelo olulula: ngosuku lokuqala, insarvilla ishiyelwa imizuzu engama-30, njalo ngosuku olulandelayo - isigamu sehora ngaphezulu. Izinsuku zokugcina ezingama-2-3, izithombo futhi ungangeni egumbini.
Ngokutshala imbewu enhlabathini evulekile, isikhathi esihle kakhulu maphakathi no-Ephreli. Ngakho-ke, izimbali zithola ukuqina okukhulu futhi zibe nokuqina okuphezulu kwebusika.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Kwenziwe ngezindlela ezintathu:
- ukusikwa kwamaqabunga;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla;
- nezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Izimbumbulu
Ama-cuttings aqashelwa njengeyona ndlela elula yokuzala futhi asetshenziswa maphakathi nehlobo. Okokuqala, bakhetha amahlamvu aqinile futhi anempilo, asikwa kanye nengxenye yesiqu, ubude akufanele kube ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-4. Ukutshala impahla yosuku ibekwe kusisombululo seKornevin. Ngokufana, inhlabathi isilungisiwe, iphathwa nge-potassium permanganate futhi ishiywe ukuze ome amahora angama-24.
Ngemuva kwaloko letisikiwe litshalwe emhlabatsini bese ifakwa etimeni tekukhicita Kungaba i-greenhouse encane noma ukulungiswa kokuzenzela wena ngokwakho kusuka ebhodleleni lepulasitiki elingu-5-7.
Njengoba izitshalo zikhula, inhlabathi iyanyiswa ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Izimbali zithunyelwa nsuku zonke imizuzu engu-10-15. Ngemuva kokuthi i-incarvilia isiqine, itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush
Kwenziwe kuphela uma isihlahla sikhulu kakhulu. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu kungu-Mashi noma uSepthemba.
Kuqala, lesi sitshalo simbiwa emhlabathini bese sibekwa endaweni ethile ekhethekile. Hlola i-rhizome futhi ususe izindawo ezibuthakathaka, ezinesifo noma ezomile. Kusetshenziswa ummese noma ama-secateurs, isihlahla sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ezilinganayo, ezinesistimu enempilo yezimpande namaphuzu okukhula amancane. Izitshalo zitshalwe ezimbizeni ezintsha, zijula cishe ngamasentimitha angama-5. Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala, isihlahla somhluzi siqala ukuqina.
Izindawo ezindala azivinjelwe, ngoba ukutheleleka ngefungus kuvame ukuhlala lapho. Lezi zindawo zembiwe ngokucophelela ukuya ekujuleni okucishe kube ngama-20 cm, futhi wonke ama-rhizomes abalimele nabalimele kanye ne-main factor yesifo ayasuswa.
Ama-Tubers
Le ndlela yokusakazwa kwezimbali isetshenziswa kuphela lapho kudingekile ukubuyekeza ngokuphelele uhlelo lwezimpande. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu maphakathi noMashi. Indawo okwakuzokwakhiwa kuyo i-Incarville yambiwa ekwindla. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlabathi igcwele umquba, umquba noma umquba.
Ngaphambi kokutshala imbali, baphinda bambe inhlabathi, badale izimbobo futhi babeke nezilimo eziyizigaxa kuyo, bajulise iphuzu lokukhula ngama-cm ayi-5. Nisela ngosuku olulandelayo, bese kuthi njalo emva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4. Ngemuva kokufaka umswakama, inhlabathi idedelwa ngokucophelela ibe ukujula kuka-2-3 cm.
Ekupheleni kukaJuni, amaqabunga okuqala avela kulesi simila, futhi cishe ezinyangeni kulindeleke. Izoshesha futhi ingekho inala, kepha ngonyaka olandelayo i-Incarville izosebenza ngokuphelele.
UMnu Dachnik uxwayisa: izilokazane nezifo ze-Incarville
Ngesikhathi sokutshala i-incarville, ingahlaselwa izinambuzane nezifo ezifana nalezi:
| Inkinga | Ukubonakaliswa | Ukuqothula |
| Ukubola kohlelo lwempande. | Ukubuna nokufa kwesitshalo. | Belashwa ngezisombululo ze-fungicide zeFundazole noma i-Scor. Lungisa umbuso wokunisela, unciphise imvamisa yesicelo samanzi. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Izimbali ezicijile neziqu. Iwebhu emhlophe emhlophe. | Futha nge-Actara ne-Actellik. |
| I-Mealybug. | Amahlamvu abuna. Ukuqongelela kwezinambuzane ezincane ezimhlophe. | Baphathwa nge-Acarillic ne-Aktar acaricides. |
Ngokulahla ngesikhathi lezi zinambuzane nezifo, lesi sitshalo siyojabulisa ngokubukeka kwayo okunempilo nokuqhakaza.
