I-Marjoram Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu basebenzise njengen spice, banikeza ukunambitheka okubabayo kanye nephunga elimnandi izitsha eziningi, kanye nesitshalo somuthi, esenza isimiso sezinzwa sikhumule futhi sikhuthaze isimo sengqondo esihle. Ngakho-ke, ukutshalwa kwe-marjoram emasimini kuye kwavame kakhulu namuhla.
I-Marjoram: incazelo yesitshalo se-herbaceous
I-Garden Marjoram (i-Orīganum majorāna) - Kuyinto imifino zisetshenziswa, shrub, kodwa kutshalwa njengonyaka. Iziqu eziningana ze-marjoram 30-50 cm ubude zakha i-shrub cishe uhhafu wamitha ephezulu. Amaqabunga amancane (1-2 cm), abe nesimo esicacile se-spatulate. I-inflorescences ye-marjoram iyabhunjulwa, i-shaggy, i-tuft, encane ne-oblong. Izithelo ze-marjoram zinambitheka ezincane ezibushelelezi, ezinamakhadi angabodwa, ezinamaqanda.
Izwe lakubo le-marjoram libhekwa njengeMedithera ne-Asia Minor, kodwa namuhla le imifino iyalinywa cishe yonke indawo. Ososayensi abaningi babheka i-marjoram isitshalo esilandelayo se-oregano (oregano), ngenxa yalokho abavame ukudideka. Noma kunjalo, amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka e-marjoram anenambitheka emnandi nangokweqile kunayo ye-oregano.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "marjoram" lisho "ukungalingani" ekuhunyushweni okuvela olimini lwesi-Arabhu.
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika ye-marjoram
I-Marjoram - isitshalo esithanda ukukhanya. Ukufika kwakhe ukukhetha izindawo ezivikelwe ezikhungweni ezinamandla zomoya, ilanga futhi lifudumele. Umthunzi nokulimala kwe-marjoram emithambekeni enyakatho kuholela ekunciphiseni isivuno sokhuni oluqinile kanye nokuwohloka kwekhwalithi yamafutha abalulekile e-marjoram.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Lesi sitshalo sithanda umhlabathi okhanyayo, okhululekile, ocolile kahle oqukethe i-lime. Izitshalo ze-sandy noma ze-loamy zifanelekile, ngoba le nhlabathi ingcono kakhulu ilanga. Kuhle ukutshala i-marjoram endaweni eyayivame ukuhlala ngamazambane. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi ikhululiwe izikhathi eziningana futhi i-substrate ingeziwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungasebenzisa ama-humus noma umquba ohlanganiswe ne-urea ne-potassium sulfate (20 g ngayinye), no-30-40 g we-superphosphate.
Ukukhula kwe-marjoram
Ukukhula kwe-marjoram akuyona umsebenzi olula kunoma yimuphi umlimi wezandla, ngoba lesi sitshalo sidinga kakhulu into ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele afunde ngokucophelela ubuchwepheshe bezolimo be-marjoram futhi abukele ngokucophelela. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezimbili ze-marjoram zihlonyelwa ngokuyinhloko: amaqabunga nezimbali. I-Leaf marjoram iyisitshalo esinamandla kakhulu esinama-branched kakhulu kanye neqabunga elikhulu leqabunga. I-Flower ine-stem ebuthakathaka engapheli futhi izimbali eziningi.
Ukukhula kwe-marjoram kusuka kumbewu
I-Marjoram isakazela kokubili imbewu kanye nezithombo. Kutshalwa lapho inhlabathi ivuselela kahle. Ukuze ukhule kahle futhi uvune, udinga ukumba umbhede ekujuleni kwama-20 cm amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala futhi ungeze isigamu ibhakede le-substrate kumitha ngayinye yesigcawu somhlabathi. Ukuze utshale i-marjoram, udinga ukuxuba imbewu ngehlabathi elomile bese uhlwanyela ekujuleni kwe-1-1.5 cm. Ububanzi phakathi kwemigqa kufanele kube ngu-70 cm.
Amahlumela azovela ngosuku olungu-15-18 emva kokutshala.
Ukukhula kwezithombo ze-marjoram
Izithombo ze-Marjoram zitshalwe enhlabathini enomhlabathi owunamanzi, ngaphambili zanezela i-substrate emthonjeni ngamunye, kanye nalapho imbewu yokutshala. Emva kokubeka isithombo kanye nomswakama womhlaba, ulale ngotshani, uhlanganise futhi uwenze amanzi. Izithombo zitshalwe kude ku-15-20 cm komunye nomunye, kanti cishe 50 cm ishiywe phakathi kwemigqa. Izithombo zihluma emavikini angu-2-3.
Indlela yokunakekela izitshalo ze-marjoram
Izimo eziyinhloko zokukhula okuhle kwe-marjoram: ukukhululeka ngokucophelela kwenhlabathi emkhatsini wemigqa, ukuchelela okuvamile nokusila. Lapho nje izithombo zithathwa kahle (cishe izinsuku ezingu-14-18 emva kokutshala), enye yokunisela ihlanganiswe nokugqoka okuphezulu. Ukuze ulungise ukugqoka okuphezulu, udinga ukudiliza u-15 g we-saltpeter ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi, le mali isetshenziswe emitha elilodwa lesigcawu sombhede. Futhi kunconywa njengomanyolo ingxube ye-urea ne-potassium usawoti ka-10 g no-20 g we-superphosphate.
Ukuvuna marjoram
Ukuvuna kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuvuna ngoJulayi no-Agasti. Ukusebenzisa ummese obukhali, unqume ngokucophelela izingxenye eziluhlaza zalesi sitshalo, ushiye izinhlanga ku-1-1.5 cm. Ukuze usebenzise ukulondolozwa, i-marjoram inqunywe ezigabeni njengoba kudingeka. Ukulungisa i-marjoram eyomile yonke indawo ishaywa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Amaqabunga ahlwanyelweyo athathwa futhi aomiswe ezindaweni ezinomoya ovuthayo noma ahlanganiswe ezinhlangothini futhi ahlanganiswe emthunzini. Ngemuva kokumiswa, izinto ezimbiwe zihlelwa, ziphonsa amaqabunga aphuzi futhi awonakele, achotshoziwe, abekwe ezigayini ezinama-lids aqinile futhi agcinwe endaweni emnyama. I-marjoram eyomile ingagcinwa ezitsheni ezisindiwe iminyaka eminingi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izakhi kanye nokunambitha.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukushiya i-marjoram ehlathini elangeni isikhathi eside - lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamafutha abalulekile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-marjoram
I-marjoram yesitshalo isetshenziselwa ukupheka njengendlela yokuphuza ukudla ngenxa yokuthi ikhono layo lokuphuza amafutha futhi lisize ukungenisa izitsha ezinzima.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo siyingxenye yemithi ethile esetshenziselwa i-cosmetology nemithi yendabuko.
Izithelo ze-Marjoram zicebile ngamafutha abalulekile (kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-3.5%), ene-aroma evezwe iphunga elimnandi, elifana ne-pepper, i-mint, i-cardamom ne-chamomile. Okunye okubandakanya ku-marjoram ngamavithamini amaqembu A, B, D, i-vitamin C, i-lutein, i-folate, i-phytoncides, i-phenols, i-acids ephilayo kanye namaminerali, okuyiwona ophethe izinto eziningi ezinenzuzo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-marjoram ekuphekeni
I-Marjoram ingabizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi i-cultinary, iyisithako esingavamile esingasetshenziswa nje kuphela njenge-spice. Amaqabunga ayo nezimbali ezifakiwe zifakwe efomeni elisha nelomile cishe noma yisiphi isidlo, ngisho sidliwa esontiwe. Ekuphekeni ekhaya, i-marjoram inomnandi ngenyama, isobho, amasaladi neziphuzo.
It ngcono ukunambitheka ukhukhamba oqoshiwe, utamatisi, sikwashi kanye zucchini. Amaqabunga aluhlaza ama-marjoram afakwa emaladini nasezimpukeni, uviniga uphinde uthathwe emaqabungeni bese unamakhadi. Cishe wonke amazwe anezitsha zalo zendabuko, okumele zengezwe marjoram. Isibonelo, eFrance yi-pate ye-hare; eCzech Republic - ingulube isobho, amazambane nama-mushroom isobho, e-Italy - yenkomo yenkomo nesobho. EJalimane, akukho umkhiqizo owodwa ongasenza ngaphandle kwe-marjoram, kuyilapho e-Armenia kuyisiphuzo esibaluleke kakhulu, okuzenzakalelayo okunikezwa kunoma yiliphi itafula, njengophepele omnyama nosawoti.
I-marjoram eyomile isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwamasoso emazweni amaningi aseYurophu nase-USA. Ngenxa yendawo yayo yokuthuthukisa ukugaya, i-marjoram ihlangene kahle nokudla okunzima futhi okunamafutha. EJalimane, ibizwa nangokuthi "i-wurstkraut", "isosus grass", njengoba le spice isiza ukugaya ama-sausages amafutha.
I-Marjoram nayo isetshenziselwa izitsha zemifino eminingi, ikakhulukazi Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe ngemifino esindayo - amazambane, iklabishi kanye nemifino. I-Marjoram ingezwa ukhilimu omuncu namasila utamatisi, asetshenziswa ekwakheni ubhiya, iwayini, iziphuzo ezithambile. Futhi, lokhu kunomsoco kuyisitja somunyu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Uyazi? Ezikhathini zasendulo kwakucatshangwa ukuthi uMaram wahlonishwa ngunkulunkulukazi ongumGreki wothando nobuhle u-Aphrodite, ngakho balungiselela iwayini elicwengekile kulo, okwakunomphumela wokuphumula futhi ulungele ukuthanda imizwa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-marjoram ngezinhloso zezokwelapha
I-Marjoram inempahla e-emollient, analgesic, antibacterial and softening. Isetshenziselwa ukuleleka, ukucindezeleka kanye nokukhanda ikhanda, ngezifo zendlela yokuphefumula, i-asthma. Kuyasiza ngemibanda, kanye ne-rheumatism, i-sprains ne-spasms.
I-Marjoram i-oyela ebalulekile ine-antiseptic, antioxidant, i-absorbable, i-diaphoretic, i-expectorant, umphumela wokuphulukisa emzimbeni womuntu. I-ointment ilungiswa kusuka ku-marjoram, esiza kahle ngekhala eligijima, i-sprains, ubuhlungu be-muscle, nokuxoshwa.
I-Marjoram amafutha abalulekile asetshenziselwa ngaphandle ngenhloso yezokwelapha neyezimonyo. Ikhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwezicucu, izivunguvungu, amanxeba, ukuqedwa kwama-warts, amathumba nokunciphisa isikhumba esiboshiwe. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezifo zesimiso sezinzwa kanye nemikhuhlane, baphuza itiye kusuka ku-marjoram noma bathathe amabhati okugeza, enezela amaconsi ambalwa e-marjoram amafutha abalulekile.
Uyazi? Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukusebenzisa i-oyile kanye netiyi kusuka kumarjoram kubantu abanomfutho wegazi ophansi. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-marjoram kumanani amakhulu kuvimbela isimiso sezinzwa futhi kubangele ukungena kwamagciwane.
