Utamatisi we-Ampel uthola ukuthandwa ngokwengeziwe unyaka nonyaka. Izinhlobo ezincane zamatamatisi zinokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, zihlukaniswa ngamahlamvu amahle aluhlaza futhi ziyafana ngezakhiwo no-cherry.
Izinhlobo eziningi ziletha izithelo ezincane, ezicocekile ezilungele amasaladi kanye nokudla okuningana okuhlukahlukene.
Yini utamatisi ophelele kanye nezimpawu zawo?
Izinhlobo ze-Ampoule zifaka izinhlobo zamatamatisi ezifuyelwe ukulinyelwa ngaphansi kwezimo zasekamelweni. Utamatisi onjalo ulungele abantu abangenalo uzungu lwengadi, kodwa abafuna ukuba nemifino esezingeni eliphakeme futhi entsha ekhaya. Izici zabo zokunambitha aziphansi kunezinhlobo ezinkulu zokugcina ukushisa, futhi isihlahla esisodwa singaletha amakhilogremu amaningi ezithelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, utamatisi omncane usetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa. Amabhishi anjalo ahlobisa kahle amakhabethe. Kaningi zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezilengiswayo. Zibuye zikhule ezakhiweni zasengadini - amagatsha aluhlaza kashukela ama-hedges amahle aluka, alungele ukwakheka komhlaba.
Izinhlobo zamatamatisi we-ampel
Wabasaqalayo bavame ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingenakubekelwa phansi. Lapho ukhetha, ukubonakala kwezihlahla nakho kubalulekile, ngoba utamatisi onamandla usetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amawindi. Uhlobo ngalunye lwezinhlobo zalo lunezinto zalo. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zifunwa kakhulu.
IsiTalisman
Lolu hlobo lukatamatisi oluningi luthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezimpawu zalo zokuhlobisa - izihlahla ezinamagatsha anamanzi nezithelo ezincane (kuze kufike kumagremu angama-20) zisebenza njengomhlobiso othokozisayo futhi ongandile wezakhiwo.
Ungokokucabanga. Kufanelekile ukukhula endaweni yokugcina izithombo, emhlabathini ovulekile.
Isakhamuzi F1
Izithelo zalolu hlobo zinkulu kunezinye utamatisi obukhulu, zinesisindo esingu-30-50 amagremu. Isihlahla sikhula sibe yi-0,8 m, ngakho-ke kudingeka umthamo omkhulu wokutshala.
Ubunzima ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu. Udinga ukuzala okujwayelekile. Utamatisi okusajingijolo uvuthwe ngezinsuku eziyi-100.
ICascade F1
Isitshalo esincane esihle esidlula ukuphakama kwaso asidluli kumamitha ayi-0,5. Asinambulelo, silungele iziqalo.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinobabili utamatisi obomvu nphuzi.
Ingadi yeparele
Isihlahla esiphansi, esithanda ukukhanya esenzelwe ukukhula kumawindows.
Iletha utamatisi omncane obomvu omncane onesisindo esingama-20 amagremu. Akudingi ukugcinwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Ubuningi obomvu
Izithelo zalolu hlobo lukatamatisi olunobunzima ziyafana ngokunambitheka futhi kubukeka kuzitamatisi ezingama-cherry.
Akudingi ukwanda futhi kuziwa ngokukhula ngokushesha.
Brindle
Ukuvuthwa, izinhlobonhlobo ezincane (ukuphakama kwesiqu kuphela esingamasentimitha ayi-15-20), kuthela izithelo ezingenamicu emide ngokunambitheka okuhle.
Lolu hlobo lukatamatisi lunamahlamvu amahle futhi aluhlaza, abambeka phansi emabhodweni okulengiswa, adala umphumela wokuwa kwamanzi aluhlaza.
Ama-Amateurs ngokuvamile athola ingxube ye-ampel yetamatisi ophuzi nobomvu.
Imithetho yokutshala utamatisi omkhulu
Ukuze ukhule izitshalo ezinempilo futhi uthole isivuno esicebile, abalimi balungiselela imbewu nenhlabathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi kusuka ezinambuzaneni kukuvumela ukuthi ugweme izifo eziningi ezitholakala utamatisi wangaphakathi. Izindlela ezikhethekile zisetshenziselwa ukonakalisa inhlabathi noma uzifafaze ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate.
Ukutshala imbewu nezithombo
Utamatisi we-Ampel ukhule ngezindlela ezimbili. Esokuqala sihilela ukutshala kokuqala kwezithombo, kamuva ezitshalwa ngemigqomo emikhulu. Kepha abanye abantu bakhetha ukutshala imbewu ezimbizeni ngaso leso sikhathi. Zombili lezi zindlela zinezinzuzo nezinzuzo zazo.
Isikhathi esifanele sokuhlwanyela izithombo ukuqala kukaMashi. Noma ezimweni zasekamelweni kuvunyelwe eyodwa kamuva, ukuhlwanyela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kunomthelela ekuvuthweni kwesivuno sokuqala. Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ithululelwa ngejusi le-aloe noma isisombululo se-potanganum permanganate bese ishiyelwa ihora. I-Peat noma i-humus ifaneleka njengomhlabathi. Inhlabathi kumele ibe lula, ikwazi ukudlula umoya ezimpandeni.
Ukuthola isivuno esicebile, kutshalwa izitshalo ezitsheni, umthamo wawo ongamalitha angama-5. Phansi embozwe ngemisele, ngoba ukufiphiswa umswakama kuholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo kanye nokuvela kwesikhunta.
Lapho inhlabathi isilungiselelwe, kwenziwa izimbobo ezincane zembewu kuyo (1.5-2 cm). Imbewu ngayinye ifakwa ngokucophelela emgodini bese ifafazwa ngenani elincane lomhlaba.
Ezitsheni ezihlukile, amahlumela abekwa ngemuva kokuba kukhule iqabunga lesibili phezu kwawo. Ngaphansi kweziqukathi kumbozwe ngengqimba encane yamatshe amatshe amancane kanye nezicucwana zezitini, kanti phezulu imbozwe ngenhlabathi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukunqwabelana komswakama.
Izici zokutshala izithombo nokunakekela utamatisi omkhulu
NgoMeyi, izithombo zitshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo - zingaba imbiza kuvulandi, ebhodweni elisendlini noma embhedeni engadini. Uma utamatisi ukhula ekhaya, ayanyakaziswa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izithombo zidinga ukondliwa. Izitshalo zondliwa ngomanyolo wamaminerali (ingxube ye-nitrogen ne-potassium). Le nqubo yenziwa kabili ngaphambi kokuhambisa utamatisi enhlabathini engapheli. Umhlabathi ngaphambi kokufakelwa ngakunye ugcwele ngamanyolo afanele.
Izinhlobo eziningi zidinga ukucwilisa. Ukugcina isihlahla sinamachashaza, ushiya iziqu ezimbili.
Ukunisela kwenziwa lapho inhlabathi yomile. Umhlabathi omanzi kakhulu uyingozi ezitshalweni, ngakho-ke izihlahla ziniselwa ngenani elincane loketshezi. Amanzi kufanele alungiswe, ngaphandle kokungcola, afudumele kancane. Ukunisela kwenziwa kusihlwa. Amaqabunga neziqu akumfafaza. Ngemuva kwamahora amabili ukuthambisa, umhlaba uyathukululwa - lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuhamba komoya ohlelweni lwezimpande.
Kanye emva kwamasonto amabili, inhlabathi ivundiswa ngengxube yezimbiwa. Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi othengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile uhambisana kahle njengamanyolo. Ukuze 1 kg yenhlabathi thatha 5 amagremu we inhlanganisela. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa lapho uthambisa.
Utamatisi udinga ukushisa kwegumbi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kodwa zigcinwa endaweni epholile kancane kuze kuvele amaqanda okuqala. Ekamelweni elinamatamatisi, alondolozela ukukhanya okuhle futhi alondoloze umbuso womswakama ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhula kwezifo zokukhunta. Ukuphefumula umoya njalo kusiza ngokumelana nomoya omanzi ngokweqile, futhi kufakwa ibhakede lamanzi egumbini lokulwa nokomisa.
Ukuze ulondoloze ukukhanya okuphezulu, izibani ze-sodium noma ze-LED zibekwa eduze kwezihlahla. Futhi, izitolo ezikhethekile zithengisa ama-phytolamp adalwe ngokukhethekile ukunakekela izitshalo.
Utamatisi otshalwe ekhaya, udinga impova yokufakelwa. Le nqubo yenziwa ekuseni ngebhulashi elithambile. Impova iqoqwa ngokucophelela bese idluliselwa emaphayipini. Ngamabhasi akhula emhlabathini ovulekile, impova yokufakelwa ayimfuneko.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Imvamisa, izithelo zezitamatisi ezinkudlwana zivunwa zize zivuthwe ngokuphelele - esiteji lapho umbala wazo ubomvu ngokubomvu. Utamatisi ushiyelwa ukuvuthwa endaweni eyomile. Uma izihlahla zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa, khona-ke isivuno asivuni, kodwa sishiyelwa emagatsheni. Kulokhu, utamatisi ovuthiwe ukhishwe ngokuqondile ezitshalweni bese kudliwa okusha, kepha ukunambitheka kwabo kuzoba kubi kakhulu kunalokho okuvunwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukunakekelwa okungahambi kahle kuholela ekubukekeni kwesikhunta nokukhula kwezifo. Futhi, ezinye izinhlobo zitholakala ekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane.
Ezimweni eziningi, akunakwenzeka ukusindisa isitshalo esinezifo, kepha izinqubo zokuvimbela ziyadingeka ukusindisa isivuno esisele.
| Izimpawu | Izifo / inkathazo | Ukuqothula |
| Umnyama ngamaqabunga nezithelo. | Ukulimala okufika lapho | Lesi sifo sisakazekela ngokushesha emahlahleni angomakhelwane, ngakho-ke, ukuze asindise isivuno, isitshalo esinegciwane siymba size sishiswe. Utamatisi ongavuthiwe uyakhishwa emagatsheni bese ufakwa emanzini ashisayo umzuzu, emva kwalokho ashiywe uvuthwe. |
| Ukuvela kokubola ezimpandeni zezithombo. | Umlenze omnyama | Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, inhlabathi iphathwa ngeTrichodermin. Imbangela yalesi sifo ukuthambisa ngokweqile, ngakho-ke bazama ukuvikela iziqukathi ezinezithombo kusuka kumswakama obedlulele. |
| Igoqa izimpande kumatamatisi weminyaka ehlukile. | Ukubola kwezimpande | Izitshalo ezithintekile zimbiwa futhi zichithwe. Futhi balahla inhlabathi abakhula kuyo. |
| Ukubola kwezithelo. | Ubola obumpunga noma onsundu | Ukugwema ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo, izihlahla ziyachithwa kanye notamatisi. |
| Ukwehlulwa kwezinambuzane. | I-Whitefly, i-spider mite, i-aphid | Ama-pesticides akhethekile asetshenziswa ngokumelene nezinambuzane (i-Aktara, Aktellik nabanye). Ukusuka ezimhlophe zelashwa nge-infusion yegalikhi. |
Utamatisi okhulayo we-ampel utholakala cishe kuwo wonke umuntu.
Amakati amahle angamagatsha angangena esikhundleni sezimbali ezijwayelekile ezibunjiwe, futhi utamatisi omusha uzoba isengezo esihle kumamasaladi ne-cuisine yemikhosi.
