Izilokazane ezidume kakhulu phakathi kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa ama-tulips. Zihlotshaniswa nezinsuku zokuqala ezifudumele zasentwasahlobo. Izinhlobo eziningi zalezi zimbali ezinhle futhi ezingenakukholwa, zinemibala ehlukene, bobunjwa, osayizi, zihlobisa iziza zasengadini kusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kufike ihlobo.
Kepha ubuhle obunjalo bungaqashelwa cishe yonke inkathi, ukukhulisa lezi zimbali ekhaya ngosizo lwe-distillation. Ama-Tulips aphakathi kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezinhle kakhulu.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuphoqa ama-tulips ekhaya
I-distillation yindlela ekhethekile yokukhula lapho kudalwa khona izimo zokufakelwa ukwakhiwa nokuqhakaza kwezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ungathola izimbali ezinhle ezintsha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Esimweni sezulu somucu ophakathi ebusika, ama-bulbous, njengazo zonke ezinye izitshalo, azivumelanisa nesikhathi sokubanda, asephumule. Kepha lezi yizibonakaliso zangaphandle kuphela. Izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokulungiselela ukwakheka kwezitshalo ezizayo zenzeka.
Ngokudala izimo ezithile zama-bulbs, ungawakhipha ku-dormancy ukuze usebenze ukukhula, izimbali. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule ama-tulips amahle ezimweni zokugcina ngokushisa konyaka omusha, ngoKhisimusi, ngoMashi 8 namanye amaholide.
Emvelweni, ukuqhakaza kwama-tulips kwenzeka ngemuva kobusika. Ngenkathi ebandayo, kumabhulebhu ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa eliphansi, kwakhiwa izinto ezibalulekile ekukhuleni okugcwele kwezitshalo nokwenziwa kwamahlamvu amahle. Ngakho-ke, isinyathelo esidingekayo ku-distillation sigcina ama bulbs ezimeni ezinombuso wokushisa ophansi isikhathi esanele. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, isikhathi sayo singamaviki ayi-16- 22.
Izigaba eziphambili zomjikelezo we-ziphuzo zazihluzwa:
- amabiwe ama ngaphambi kokutshala agcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele;
- ngezikhathi zokubuna, ukuhluma, ama atshalwe emhlabathini asekamelweni elinokushisa okuphansi (+ 5 ... +9 ° C);
- ziphuzo zazihluzwa - kuyaqhubeka egumbini lokushisa futhi ukukhanya okuhle kuze zom.
Ukukhetha kwama-bulbs kwe-ziphuzo zazihluzo
Ukuze uthole izitshalo eziqinile nezinempilo ezinamahlamvu amahle, udinga ukulungiselela kahle izinto zokutshala ze-ziphuzo zazihluzo kusengaphambili. Qala le nqubo lapho besemhlabathini. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, usike izingxenye zomhlabathi zezitshalo, ushiye amaqabunga angama-2-3 anempilo. Ukunakekelwa kubo kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho amahlamvu ebuna (cishe ekuqaleni kukaJulayi) - lokhu kuvumela ama ukuthi akhule futhi athole amandla.
Ama-bulba wembare omisiwe, ahlanzwa, asuse iziqongo ezomile, zihlelwe. Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezinobukhulu obukhulu (ezinobubanzi obungu-30- 40 mm) zikhethelwa ukugquma. Akufanele babe neminonjana yezindawo ezibolile, ezilimele. Ukulondolozwa okufanele kwezinto ezikhethiwe zokutshala kuyadingeka.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zama-tulips we-ziphuzo zazihluzo
Basondela kuNyaka oMusha ngezikhathi zokupholisa ezimbalwa: Izinhlobo zokunqoba, okuqhakaza amabala okuqala nezimbali, futhi kufanelekile ngamaholide kaFebhuwari (amasonto ayi-11-15).
Kepha ungasebenzisa futhi ukuqhakaza okumaphakathi: i-lilac, upholi (15-16). KuMashi wengeza: i-terry sekwephuzile, inzalo kaDarwin (16-19). Meyi 1, ungathola noma yiziphi izinhlobo ezingenhla (kufika kumaviki angama-22).
Ezinye izinhlobo ezidumile zama-tulips zeholide elithile:
| Iholide | Ibanga | Umbala wezimbali |
| Unyaka omusha | UKhisimusi Marvel | Lilac pink, satin. |
| UGander | Hue fuchsi. | |
| Umqhele | Isikhafu ngombhobho wekhilimu. | |
| Lustige Vitwe | I-Burgundy ngonqenqema omhlophe. | |
| Ubuhle be-apricot | I-Peach iqhakaza | |
| NgoFebhuwari 14 no-23 | Eric Hofsyu | Okusajingijolo obomvu ngomkhawulo wekhilimu. |
| Unamandla | Okuphuzi. | |
| Ubukhosi | Ipinki ngophakathi omhlophe. | |
| I-Synaeda eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Lilac, mhlophe emaphethelweni. | |
| Intokazi yeqhwa | Mhlophe qhwa. | |
| Jefgenia | Okumhlophe kanye okusajingijolo. | |
| Mashi 8th | I-Burgundy ibeka | I-Fringed, i-raspberry pink, i-classic. |
| Inqama yesihogo | UCarmine onomucu wegolide. | |
| I-Ivory Floredale | I-Ivory | |
| Aladdin | Orenji okhanyayo. | |
| I-Barcelona | Okuhlosiwe ngopende we-fuchsia. | |
| I-Aristocrat | Ipinki ngombala onsomi. | |
| IDavenport | Ubomvu, umphetho owolintshi. | |
| Ephreli 1, Meyi 1 | Abra | Okubomvu okubomvu, ukugoqa ophuzi. |
| I-Apeldoorn | UGolide | |
| UGordon | Ipinki nge-beige. | |
| Isazi | I-carmine ebomvu. | |
| IVivex | Imibala yaseMandarin. | |
| I-Cantor | Ama-coral apende opinki. | |
| Ukuthinta okuzwakalayo | Amathoni ama-Fringed, terry, aminyene awolintshi. |
Isikhathi sokutshala ama-tulip bulbs we-distillation
Isikhathi sokutshala kwe-ziphuzo zazihluzwa kukhulunywa ngezici zemvelo zalezi zitshalo. Usuku ngqo lokufika lungabalwa ngesisekelo sezikhathi ezimbili ezinkulu:
- Kusukela ekuqaleni kokutshala, ubude besikhathi esijwayelekile kuze kube yilapho izitshalo sezimpande endaweni emnyama ngamazinga okushisa aphansi cishe amasonto ayi-16 kuya ku-22, kuya ngezinhlobo zama-tulips.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, izitshalo ezihlumile zigcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni nokukhanya okulinganiselayo okuvele ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Lesi sikhathi singamaviki angama-3-4.
Ngokwengeza ubude balezi zikhathi, ungakwazi ukubala ngokunembile isikhathi sokufika.
Ngakho-ke ungathola ama-tulips aqhakaza ngosuku oluthile.
Inhlabathi nenhlabathi yokutshala
Lungisa noma yimuphi umhlabathi ophefumulayo, omelana nomswakama, ongathathi hlangothi. Inhlabathi ye-Acidic empeleni iphathwa ngemikhawulo.
Ilungele inhlabathi:
- ingxube yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat;
- isihlabathi somfula esihlanzekile;
- Peat;
- ingxube yesihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi yengadi;
- i-vermiculitis;
- isisekelo.
Eliphezulu lithathwa njengengxenye yesakhi yezakhi evela engxube:
- umhlaba wegadi;
- umquba womquba noma obolile
- isihlabathi somfula;
- ngokufakwa kwezinkuni zomlotha.
Njengoba iziqukathi zikhetha izimbiza zobumba noma amabhokisi enkuni. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzokwakhiwa izimo ezinhle kakhulu zezimpande zezitshalo.
Ilungiselela izinto zokutshala
Amabhuleki alungiswa ngisho noma akhula endaweni evulekile. Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe, zinikeza ukucebisa ngezinto eziwusizo. Qiniseka ukuthi ufeza ukugoba - ukususwa kwe-peduncle.
Ukuvela kwamaqabunga, iziqu, namahlumela ngokuzayo kwenzeka maphakathi no-Agasti. Ukusheshisa lezi zinqubo (lapho kudingeka ukukhula izimbali ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kobusika), kusetshenziswa izindlela ezimbili:
- I-Agrotechnical. Ngemuva kokubola kwezimbali, ama-tulips akhula ngaphansi kwefilimu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usheshise ukwakheka kweziqalo zazo zonke izitho zesitshalo ngamaviki ayi-2-3.
- Ukumba kuqala ama. Izinto ezinjalo zokutshala zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama- + 35 ° C ngesonto ukusheshisa ukwakheka kwezitho zesikhathi esizayo. Bese igcinwa kuze kube sekufikeni eshalofini elingaphansi kwesiqandisi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukukhula kwe-primordia yamahlamvu kuyabambezeleka, futhi izitho zezimbali zinikezwa ithuba lokwakheka okungcono.
Izigaba zokufika
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
- I-substrate elungiselelwe izakhi ithelelwa esitsheni sokutshala ku 2/3 wevolumu futhi ihlanganiswe kancane.
- Izinhlamvu ezikhethiwe ziphinde zikhethwe, zikhululwe ezikalini ezinsundu (ngoba zingaphazamisa ukukhula okufanele kwezimpande), ziphathwe abenzeli abakhethekile bezilwane.
- Ngenxa yamandla aqoqwe ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa kumazinga, awadingi isikhala esiningi ezitsheni. Zitshalwa kude nge-1 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.Uza kufinyelela izimbali ezingama-350 kwisikwere ngasinye.
- Inhlabathi yengezwa kusuka phezulu kuya ekuphakameni kwama bulbs, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwayo akufanele limboze ngokuphelele izihloko zazo.
- Izitshalo ezitshaliwe ziyaniselwa futhi, uma kunesidingo, uma inhlabathi iqhubeka, engeza okuningi.
Ukunakekelwa kokulandela
Ngokuzayo, udinga ukudala izimo ezifanele zokukhula ngokuphelele kwama-tulips:
- Iziqukathi zibekwa ezimweni lapho umoya onomswakama ongama-75-80% kanye lokushisa lika + 5 ... +6 ° C.
- Amaviki angama-3-4 ngaphambi kokuqhakaza okuhleliwe, izitshalo zidluliselwa ezimweni ezinamazinga okushisa wegumbi (+ 15 ... +18 ° C) nokukhanya okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-phytolamp ukwandisa amahora emini ngamahora angama-3-5.
- Nisela izitshalo njengoba inhlabathi yomile.
- Ukuthambisa kwenziwa nge-ammonium nitrate equkethe umanyolo we-nitrogen ne-phosphorus.
- Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, kunconyelwa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomoya ngama-degrees angama-3-5 ukuze kwandiswe izimbali.
Ukuphalaza kwe-Hydroponic
Le ndlela ibonakala ngokuthi kusetshenziswa uketshezi lwezakhi esikhundleni somhlabathi.
Amabhuleki avuthiwe (amasonto ayi-10-14) abekwa ngokuqondile emaphashini e-hydraulic, lapho kutholakala khona isixazululo esikhethekile ngezansi. Zigcinwa egumbini elibandayo (hhayi ngaphansi kuka +5 ° C, hhayi ngaphezulu kuka +9 ° C) amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Uma uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, yehlisa ukufika ku- + 2 ... +3 ° C.
Lapho izimpande zikhula cishe ngo-4 cm bese amahlumela ekhula ngo-6 cm, adlulisela ekushiseni (hhayi ngaphezulu kuka +17 ° C, umswakama 80%). Njengomthetho, lezo zimo zigcinwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezikhethekile.
Ukusika izimbali kumasimbali bese uzigcina
Sika ama-tulips ama-bouquets ezansi, ngawo wonke amaqabunga, lapho ama-buds engakavulwa ngokuphelele. Kungcono kakhulu ekuseni, ngaphambi kokunisela, ukubeka ngokushesha ezimweni ezipholile. Uma ama-bulbs engasasetshenziswa, ungakhipha nawo futhi uwahlanze izikali - lokhu kuzovumela ukwelula iziqu.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugcina ama-tulips asikiwe:
- Umile. Kugoqwe ephepheni (kufika kuma-50 ama-pcs), esiqandisini, kugcinwe amasonto amabili. Ngaphambi kokwenza izingcezu zezimbali, zifakwa emanzini, zivuselela izingxenye zeziqu.
- Emanzini. Gcina usuku. Uma kuneqhwa, ligcinwe egumbini elimnyama cishe izinsuku eziyi-15-17.
Ukugcina nokukhula ama ngemuva kokuqunjelwa
Abanye abalimi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlamvu azisasebenzi. Kepha lokhu kusebenza kuphela kulawo ma-tulips akhula nge-hydroponically (emanzini).
Kwezinye izimo, ungazibuyisela usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezikhulayo:
- Ezinhlotsheni ezingaphansi, ngemuva kokusika izimbali, amaqabunga asikiwe. Amabhuleki agcinwa emhlabathini amasonto amathathu abiwa.
- Ezinhlotsheni ezinama-peduncle amade, amaqabunga asele futhi aqhubeke nokunakekela izitshalo aze aphuzi ngokuphelele. Bese unquma iziqongo bese ukhipha ama. Ngale ndlela, kutholakala izinhlobo ezinhle ngokwanele, futhi nezingane ziyakhula.
Ngemuva kokuthi omile amasonto ama-2 ukufudumala, bese agcinwa ezimweni ezipholile kuze kufike ukufika okulandelayo emhlabathini.
Akulungile ukugcina ama-bulbs ngemuva kokucucuza kokuqala. Ukuze izitshalo ezinjalo ziphinde ziqhakaze, zizodingeka zikhule isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, ukuze ziqine ngokwanele ukuqhakaza.
UMnu Summer ongumhlali uxwayisa: amaphutha enziwe ngesikhathi sokuphoqa
Izizathu zokuthola izitshalo ezisezingeni eliphansi kungaba yizenzo ezingalungile:
- Ukutshala izinto zekhwalithi engesihle noma akuzange kudlule zonke izigaba ezidingekayo zokulungiselela.
- Ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa ngesikhathi sokulima nokugcinwa.
- Ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha kwenhlabathi lapho kwavela khona ama-bacteria akhubazekile.
- Ukuswakama okunganele noma ukomisa ukuphuma kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokukhula.
- Isikhathi eside kakhulu sokupholisa sezinto zokutshala noma ukuswela kwayo.
- Ukwephula umoya omncane wegumbi lapho kwakukhule khona izimbali.
Uma ulandela zonke izincomo zokuphoqelelwa kwama-tulips, khona-ke unggwema ukubonakala kwesiphene.
