I-Colchicum colchicum isitshalo esivela emndenini onegazi elikhulu. Kwelinye igama, colchicum, autumnal. Kwenzeka ngokwegama lesifunda saseGeorgia, lapho kuvela khona imbali. E-Russia, wanikezwa igama lakhe - "izihlahla zasekwindla, izindlu zasebusika", futhi igama lesiNgisi "yintokazi enqunu". Ikhula kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseAsia. I-Colchicum ayizithobi futhi yaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali.
Enye yezinganekwane zasendulo zamaGrikhi ithi kuqhamuke imbali kumaconsi egazi okukaSthembetheus. Enye inguqulo ithi i-colchicum yasiza ukuhlanganisa unkulunkulukazi ongumama uDemeter nendodakazi yakhe uPersephone.
I-Colchicum imbali - incazelo nezimpawu
I-Colchicum - izitshalo herbaceous zomjikelezo wokuphila okufushane. Lezi zixuku ezinamaqabunga amakhulu afana nohlobo lwenyathi noma umnduze wesigodi. Kungakapheli amasonto ama-2, izimbali zihlanjululwe yizinambuzane, bese ikholchicum ifa.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe ngohlobo lwebhokisi zakhiwa entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo ngasikhathi sinye ngamahlamvu akhulayo, anobude obungaba ngu-25-30 cm.I-corm e-oval imbozwe ngezikali ezinesikhumba. Kuqhamuka izikebhe eziningana kulo.
Izinhlobo eziphambili nezinhlobonhlobo ze-colchicum
Ama-blooms entwasahlobo noma ekwindla anezimbali ezinhle ze-goblet zama-lilac ahlukahlukene nama-pink hues.
| Buka | Ukuphakama / Ukuphakama, cm | Kushiya | Izimbali, isikhathi sezimbali | |
| I-Ankara (Bieberstein) (Colchicum ancyrense, biebersteimi noma triphyllum) | Rare, zezimbali zakuqala. Kufika kuma-buds ayisishiyagalombili. Ngayinye iphakathi kwamaqabunga amathathu. 10-15. | I-lanceolate esele, ikhule ngasikhathi sinye ngezimbali. Omile ekugcineni kwezimbali. | UViolet. Izinsuku eziyi-10-12. | |
| Okuphuzi (Colchicum luteum) | Lesi sitshalo sifana notshani, isiqu esifushane, isiqaqa esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha amathathu .. Incazelo yokuqala yavela ngo-1874. | 15 | Luhlaza okotshani, lukhula ngasikhathi sinye ngezimbali. | Okuphuzi. Mashi-ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. |
| IsiHungary (Colchicum hungaricum) | Lesi sitshalo sifana notshani esihlahleni esifushane. Kuqala kuchazwe cishe eminyakeni engama-20 edlule. | Ngaphezulu kukhona villi obukhulu. Kubukeka futhi komile ngasikhathi sinye namahlumela. | Okumhlophe noma okupinki onsomi ngezinsimbi zephimbo elibomvu elimnyama. I-Velebit Star ehlukahlukene. Ipinki nge-stamens yegolide. | |
| Othanda amanzi (Colchicum hydrophilum Siehe) | I-4-8 efihlekile ikhula ngaphandle, amacembe angu-2 cm ubude. 10-12. | Ifomu le-Lanceolate acute, likhule ngasikhathi sinye nama-buds. | Ipinki, nsomi, nsomi noma ipinki epinki. | |
| I-Tufted (Colchicum fasciculare) | Izimbali zakha isixha, zikhule ngasikhathi sinye ngamaqabunga ngemuva kokuqedwa yiqhwa. 10-20. | Upende ophuzi noma omhlophe. Mashi-ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. | ||
| URegel (Colchicum regelii, Colchicum kesselringii) | Imbali encanyana ukusuka ku-1-2 cm kuye ku-7 cm cm. Ibekezelela amaqanda aze afike ku-23 ° C. 5-10. | I-Lanceolate ngethiphu eyindilinga, emincane, ene-groove, eqoshiwe eceleni komngcele. | Imhlophe qhwa ngemisinga yomthunzi we-cherry. Mashi-Ephreli. | |
I-Colchicum ekwindla nezinhlobo zayo: ezinhle kakhulu nezinye, izinhlobo
Ama-Colchicides e-Autumn adumile kakhulu kunama-colchicums entwasahlobo. Izinhlobo ezihlakazekile zidotshwa ngezinga elikhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo zeColchicum Magnificum.
| Buka | Ukuphakama / Ukuphakama, cm | Ukuphakama cm | Kushiya | Izimbali |
| I-Agrippa (mosagated) (Colchicum agrippinum) | Kufika kuma-buds ama-3 esiqwini esisodwa, ububanzi obuyi-2 cm. 40. | Luhlaza, lanceolate, kwakheka igagasi onqenqemeni. Avele entwasahlobo. | UViolet. Agasti-Septhemba. | |
| UBornmüller (Colchicum bornmuelleri) | Ikhula endle. Kungeniswe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu. Kufika kuzimbali ezi-6, ububanzi obuyi-8 cm. 12-15. | Luhlaza okhanyayo, ukhule ngezimbali. | Ipinki ngesisekelo sombala onsomi. Septhemba-Okthoba. | |
| Okuhle (Colchicum speciosum) | Yaziwa kusukela ngo-1874, izinhlobo eziningi zesimanje zivela kuyo. Kufika kuma-3 amabhlogo ku-peduncle. 50. | Luhlaza, abe nobude obungama-30 cm, omile ngoJuni. | I-Alboplenum. UTerry, mhlophe. | |
| Atlamubens. UViolet ngezwi eliphakathi nendawo elimhlophe. | ||||
| Kugcwele. 9-10 onsomi e-terry ephukile. | ||||
| Prime. Ipinki. | ||||
| Huxley. Ishintsha umbala usuka ku-pink uye ku-cherry. | ||||
| I-Byzantine (Colchicum byzantinum) | Ukujwayelana ngonyaka we-1597. Akujwayelekile. Ama-buds ayi-12 akhula ku-bulb eyodwa. | 20-60 | Ububanzi be-10-15 cm nobude be-30 cm, lanceolate, bukhula entwasahlobo. | Mhlophe noma onsomi. Agasti-Okthoba. |
| I-Cilician (Colchicum cilicicum) | Ukujwayelana ngonyaka ka-1571. Kwibhalbhu elilodwa kukhula kube ngama-25 efihlekile. | Luhlaza, i-lanceolate, ikhula entwasahlobo. | I-Pink-violet enesisekelo esimhlophe. Septhemba-Okthoba. | |
| I-Kochi (Colchicum kotschy) | Idume ngokuhlobisa kakhulu. Amancane efihlekile amancane. 5. | Kafushane. | Uyedelela onobudlova. | |
| I-Variegated (Colchicum mosagatum) | Ebangeni phakathi kwamatshe. Kufika kuma-3 ama-buds. 10-30. | I-Narrow lanceolate anemibala e-brown, wavy ngasemaphethelweni. Kwangathi kuqubuka. | Ipinki, i-cherry, nsomi, i-brown stamens. | |
| I-Autumn (Colchicum autumnale) | Isimo sezulu siyashesha. Kwibhalbhu eyodwa efihlekile amaningana kukhula. 37. | Khula emuva entwasahlobo, yomile ehlobo. | Lilac, omhlophe, opinki okhanyayo. Amaviki angama-3-4. | |
| Isithunzi (Colchicum umbrosum) | Ekuseni. 10-15. | I-Lanceolate, i-15 cm ubude nge-apex eyindilinga. | I-Violet noma i-cherry ephaphathekile. Ukuqala kuka-Ephreli. | |
| UFomina (Colchicum Eformnii) | Ikhula endle. Kungeniswe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu. Isiqu ngama-buds ayi-7. 20-30. | Umthunzi oluhlaza olukhanyayo nge-villi. | UViolet, onsomi. Agasti-Okthoba. | |
Ukutshala kwangaphandle kwe-colchicum emhlabathini ovulekile
Khetha inhlabathi enamanzi kahle, evulekile, evundisiwe. Uthanda izindawo ezinomswakama phakathi kwezihlahla noma izihlahla, kwesinye isikhathi ukufikelwa elangeni kungenzeka. Indawo eyodwa ingathatha iminyaka engu-5-6. Njengoba zikhula, kuvela amabhungu amancane ezinsana esidlekeni, khona-ke ukuqhakaza akuba nodlame kangako. Ngalesi sikhathi, isitshalo sidinga ukutshala.
Isikhathi sokufika
Izimbali zitshalwa ngezikhathi ezihlukile. Ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo, ukutshala ekwindla kuyadingeka, ekwindla - ehlobo, ukusuka engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti.
Imithetho yokutshala iColchicum
Umbhede wokutshala ulungiswa kusengaphambili. Inhlabathi igcwele ibhakede le-humus nesihlabathi (1 ibhakede / sq.m.), Superphosphate (100 g / sq.m.) Futhi kufakwa umlotha (1 l).
Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ama bullet afakwa ngeMaxim: i-1 sachet ye-4 ml, 2 l wamanzi. Ukulungiselela okulungiselelwe kwenzelwe ukucubungula 2 kg yezinto zokutshala.
Izingane ezincane zitshalelwa ekujuleni kuka-6-8 cm, amakhulu -10 kuya ku-15- 15 cm. Zitholakala ebangeni elingama-20-30 cm. Ngemuva kokutshala, i-flowerbed ithululelwe kahle ngamanzi. I-tube ekhula kusuka ku-corm, kufanele ikhuphuke ngaphezu kobuso, ayinakudatshulwa.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imbali inobuthi, udinga ukuyiphatha ngokucophelela, uvikele izandla zakho kusuka engress yejusi ngephutha.
Izindlela zokuzala ze-Colchicum
Sakaza imbali usebenzisa izingane ezincane kanye nembewu.
Ukuzalwa kabusha yizingane
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- Ngemuva kokumisa amaqabunga, bhala ama ama.
- Yoma kungakapheli inyanga endaweni enomthunzi, enomoya.
- Sula noma yiziphi izimpande namahlamvu asele.
- Ngo-Agasti 15-25, tshala embhedeni wezimbali, ujule kathathu.
- Itshalwe ngesikhathi esikhulu ama-colchicum bulbs ngesizini yokuqala.
Ukukhula kwe-colchicum kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
Lapho zizalaniswa nembewu, kufanelekile ukubheka ukuthi le ndlela inenkinga, ngakho ayisetshenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ukuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingandile, ikakhulukazi eziqhakaza intwasahlobo.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuvunwa. Inwetshelwe kusikhuhlisi sokukhula (iZircon noma i-Epin: amaconsi angama-40 ilitha elilodwa lamanzi). Ukuhlwanyela ngembewu ethengiwe, i-stratation yokuqala yenziwa ngezicubu ezimanzi esiqandisini izinsuku eziningi.
Amahlumela aqhuma ngokungalingani, kuthatha iminyaka eminingana. Iqhakaza maduze, ngokunakekelwa okuhle ngemuva kweminyaka engu-6-7.
Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo buqala ukusebenza ngesikhathi esifanele ukhula, ukutshala nokunisela.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Colchicum ngemuva kokutshala
Ukunakekela izimbali kulula. Kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi. Ngaphandle kokuqina kobusika, angabanda iqhwa phakathi nobusika obungenamakhaza, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukufaka izakhi ngezinto ezisizayo: amahlamvu omile, ama-humus, umquba ongaba ngu-10 cm ubude.
Ukunisela
I-Colchicum ayidingi ukuthambisa. Entwasahlobo kukhona umswakama owenele emhlabathini, ehlobo amaqabunga awo ayaphela. Ngokuntuleka kwayo ekwindla, isitshalo siyaniselwa, sizama ukungathinti amacembe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Uma inhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala ama-bulbu yagcwaliswa ngokwanele, ngokuzayo kuphakama intwasahlobo kuphela. Isikhathi sokuqala badla eqhweni nge-ammonium nitrate (10 g / sq.m.). Ukugqoka kwesibili okuphezulu ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kwenziwa nge-potassium sulfate (15 g / sq.).
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakwa kwe-Colchicum kwenziwa isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-2-5. Isiginali ukunciphisa ukuncipha kwezimbali nokuzisika kwazo.
Umhlaba ulungiselelwe ngaphambi kukaJuni. Ukuvuselela amanzi kuyafana nalapho utshala izingane ezincane.
Lapho umhlabathi uvundiswa kangcono, kulapho ama bulb athuthukisa futhi nokuqhakaza kube muhle ngokwedlulele.
Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga esomile ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, izimbali ziyabiwa, zixazululwe futhi zihlanzwa ngezimpande ezisele. Bese unqamula bese ucwilisa endaweni yesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate imizuzu engama-30. Izinto zokutshala zomile futhi zihlanzwa ukuze zigcinwe kuze kwehle ngo-Agasti egumbini elinomoya elinomhlavu (izinga lokushisa elingadluli ku-+25 ° C).
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-colchicum
Ngesikhathi sezulu esikhathi eside, izimbali zingalimala nge-botritis, i.e. izitshalo ezibolile ezimpunga. Ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo kungenzeka futhi ngomswakama obuningi imbali noma emanzini aphakeme asemhlabeni. Imvamisa, amaqabunga afayo yiwo aqala ukuhlupheka.
Ukulwa nalesi sifo, sebenzisa omunye wale mithi elandelayo, engeza kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi:
- I-Topaz 2 ml;
- I-Cuproxate 50 ml;
- Champion 30 g.
I-Colchium ingonakaliswa yi-slugs neminenke, abathandi badle ngamaqabunga. Ukuze uzesabise, engeza amatshe abanzi, amatshe amancane, amabhulukwe amaqanda, izinaliti ngaphansi kwezitshalo.
Kuhle ukuhlela iziqukathi ezinamanzi ezizungeze umngcele wezinkundla zokutshala, ezizophazamisa nokuhamba kwazo.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: izindawo zokwelapha zesitshalo
I-Colchicum ayisetshenziswanga njengesitshalo sezimbali kuphela, kepha futhi njengesitshalo sokwelapha. Umuthi wendabuko usebenzisa njenge-laxative ne-diuretic. Bakhululeka ngobuhlungu ezifweni ze-gout kanye ne-rheumatism.
Isitshalo sinobuthi, kufanele sithathwe ngokunakekelwa okukhulu.
Emithini esemthethweni, amaphilisi, okokugcoba nama-tincture asetshenziselwa ukusiza ngomdlavuza kanye nezifo zemithambo yegazi.
Isitshalo esihle sijabulisa iso ngemuva kokuqedwa iqhwa. Ngokuphumelela, kuyasiza ukubhekana nezifo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kufanele itshalwe engadini futhi ibonge entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.
